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Course: ELEC ENG 3110 Electric Power Systems ELEC ENG 7074 Power Systems PG (Semester 2, 2022)

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Jabin Xing
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137 views25 pages

Course: ELEC ENG 3110 Electric Power Systems ELEC ENG 7074 Power Systems PG (Semester 2, 2022)

Uploaded by

Jabin Xing
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Course:

ELEC ENG 3110 Electric Power Systems


ELEC ENG 7074 Power Systems PG
(Semester 2, 2022)

Powerflow Analysis (Part 2)


Lecturer and Co-ordinator: David Vowles
[email protected]
Nodal power and reactive power injections (1)

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Nodal power and reactive power injections (2)

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Nodal power and reactive power injections (3)

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Nodal power and reactive power constraints (1)

NOTE: A load PL + jQL specified in accordance


with the load convention must be negated to
become a power injection. That is, Pis = -PL
and Qis = -QL.

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Nodal power and reactive power constraints (2)

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Ordering of network nodes for computational convenience (1)

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Ordering of network nodes for computational convenience (2)

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NOTE: The power and reactive power output (P, Q) of the slack bus and the reactive power
outputs (Q) of the PV buses are computed once the above power-flow equations are
solved using the equations for P & Q on slide 11.

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Overview of the power-flow solution
• Wide range of solution methods.
• Two complementary methods are:
• Gauss-Seidel Method.
• Converges slowly especially for large systems
• Tolerant of poor initial guesses
• Useful in obtaining an initial estimate near actual solution for other fast converging algorithms
• Newton-Raphson (NR) based methods
• Quadratic convergence rate providing initial estimate is close to actual solution
• Variants of the NR method based on properties of transmission networks
• Such as decoupling between voltage and angle (Fast-Decoupled)
• Avoid updating the Jacobian matrix at each iteration
• We will review the basic NR method
• Sophisticated power-flow tools provide an extensive range of facilities:
• Automatic area interchange controls
• Automatic transformer tap-change controls
• Optimal power flow solver (economic dispatch, loss minimization)
• PV and QV analysis
• Automated contingency analysis
• Sophisticated data base facilities and graphical displays

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Power flow equations of simple example (1)

PQ
PV
SLACK (PA)
PQ

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Power flow equations of simple example (2)

Write power equations for PV and


PQ buses only. Omit power
equation for slack bus. Thus, three
power equations.

Write reactive power equations


for PQ buses only. Thus, two
reactive power equations.

Highly non-linear equations

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Power flow equations of simple example (3)
Substitute numerical values for
conductance (Gik) and
susceptance (Bik) terms from the
network admittance matrix.

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Introduction to Newton-Raphson Method – Single Variable (1)

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Introduction to Newton-Raphson Method – Single Variable (2)

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Introduction to Newton-Raphson Method – Single Variable (3)

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Introduction to Newton-Raphson Method – Single Variable (4)

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Summary of the Newton-Raphson Method – Multi Variable (1)

• Consider a system on n nonlinear equations in n


unknowns

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Summary of the Newton-Raphson Method – Multi Variable (2)

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Summary of the Newton-Raphson Method – Multi Variable (3)

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Summary of the Newton-Raphson Method – Multi Variable (4)

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Summary of the Newton-Raphson Method – Multi Variable (5)

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Newton-Raphson Algorithm (General)

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