EDUCATION, MUMBAI.

GOVERNMENT
POLYTECHINC,SOLAPUR

DIPLOMA IN COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY A MICRO-

PROJECT REPORT
ON

“Different types of cables in networking”

Submitted by

Roll no. Enrollment no. Student name

39 2100150041 Vijayalaxmi vitthal kamble

Submitted to : -

Mrs. Aparna Dussa

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 CERTIFICATE
Certified that Micro- Project Report

“Different types of cables in networking”

Is work at from

Roll no. Enrollment no. Student name

39 2100150041 Vijayalaxmi vitthal kamble

The student of semester fourth, Subject Name- Data communication And

Computer Network (22316)
diploma in Computer Technology, 2021-22. This report is partial
fulfillment of subject DCC (22316) for the award of the Diploma Computer
Technology, By MSBTE, Mumbai.

HOD PRINCIPAL

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 INDEX

Sr No. Content Page No.

1 Introduction 3
2 Abstract 4
3 Acknowledgement 5
4 Topic description 6-14
5 Conclusion 15
6 Reference links 16

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 ABSTRACT

A network cable, also known as an Ethernet cable, is a type

of cable that is used to connect computer networks. These
cables transmit data and information between two or
more devices such as computers, routers, modems and
switches.
A cable is a thick wire which is used to carry electricity or
electronic signals.

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

In accomplishment of this Micro-Project successfully,

many people have best owned upon me their blessings
and heart-privileged support. First, I would like to
express a special thanks of gratitude to the Principal of
the Government Polytechnic, Solapur for giving this
golden opportunity with all the required facilities for
completing this Micro-Project of our group.
I would like to extend my gratitude to our Basic
Mathematics subject teacher, Prof. Mrs. Aparna Dussa
mam, whose valuable guidance has been the ones that
helped us patch this project and make it full of success.
Her suggestions and instructions have served as the
major contribution towards the completion of the
Micro-Project. Lastly, I would like to thank my fellow
group members for their contribution and new ideas in
various phases in completing the Micro-Project

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 INTRDUCTION

Networking cables are networking hardware used to

connect one network device to other network devices or
to connect two or more computers to share devices such
as printers or scanners.
Networking cables are networking hardware used to
connect one network device to other network devices or
to connect two or more computers to share devices such
as printers or scanners.

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 Types of Network Cable:
 Twisted-Pair Cable
 coaxial cable
 Fiber Optic Cable

Twisted-Pair Cable
Twisted pair is the ordinary copper wire that
connects home and business computers to the
telephone company. To reduce crosstalk or
electromagnetic induction between pairs of wires,
two insulated copper wires are twisted around each
other. Each connection on twisted pair requires both
wires.
Twisted-pair cables were among the earliest guided
transmission media, along with coaxial cables.
Today, twisted-pair cables are used in many
applications in networking and communication, for
example, in telephone lines, Digital Subscriber Line
and local area networks.

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Advantages of Twisted pair cable :

 It are often wont to carry both analog and digital data.

 It’s relatively easy to implement and terminate.
 It is the smallest amount expensive media of
transmission for brief distances.
 Best performance in short distances.
 High-cost performance

Disadvantages of Twisted pair cable :

 It result signal distortion in a very effective manner.

 Attenuation is very high.
 It supports 10 mbps upto a distance of 100 meters on
a 10BASE-T which are considered to be low
bandwidth.
 It provides poor security and is relatively easy to tap.

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 Types of Twisted-Pair cable:
-There are two types of twisted pairs are as follows:
Unshielded twisted pair
1. Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
2.Shielded Twisted Par(STP)

Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)

 It consists of color-coded copper wires but does not include

any foil or braiding as insulator to protect against interference.
 Wire pairs within each cable have varying amounts of twists
per foot to produce cancellation.
 There are different categories of UTP.
 The following table shows the UTP categories, the no. of pairs
in each, and the grade of cable each uses, and how they are
implemented.

 Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) :

 STP is formed from pairs of copper wires that are twisted

together.
 The pairs are covered during a foil or braided mesh, also as
outer PVC jacket.
 This prevent penetration of electromagnetic noise and
eliminate cross talk.
 This shielding must be grounded to stop the foil or braided
mesh from becoming a magnet for electricity.

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 Coaxial Cable

A coaxial cable is an electrical cable with a copper

conductor and an insulator shielding around it and a
braided metal mesh that prevents signal interference and
cross talk. Coaxial cable is also known as coax.
The core copper conductor is used for the transmission of
signals and the insulator is used to provide insulation to
the copper conductor and the insulator is surrounded by a
braided metal conductor which helps to prevent the
interference of electrical signals and prevent cross talk.
This entire setup is again covered with a protective plastic
layer to provide extra safety to the cable.

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 Advantages and disadvantages of coaxial cable

 Supports high bandwidth levels.

 Easy to install with simple tools.
 Provides better resistance to crushing and bending, which
makes it more reliable and durable.
 Less affected by noise, crosstalk or electromagnetic
interference.
 Can support multiple channels.

Disadvantages of coaxial cable:

 It is expensive to install.
 Cost maintenance is also high.
 Inflexible construction.
 Unsupported by newer networking standards.
 It is bulky.
 It has a more security problem.
 It does not support high-speed transmission.
 It must be grounded to prevent interference.
Applications of Coaxial cable

 The coaxial cables are used in Ethernet LANs and also used in
MANs
 Television: Coaxial cable used for television would be 75 Ohm
and RG-6 coaxial cable.
 Internet: Coaxial cables are also used for carrying internet
signals, RG-6 cables are used for this.
 Video: The coaxial cables are also used in video Transmission
the RG-6 is used for better digital signals and RG-59 for lossless
transmission of video signals.
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 Fiber optic cable

A fiber optic cable is a network cable that contains

strands of glass fibers inside an insulated casing. They're
designed for long-distance, high-performance data
networking, and telecommunications. Compared to
wired cables, fiber optic cables provide higher
bandwidth and transmit data over longer distances.
Fiber optic cables support much of the world's internet,
cable television, and telephone systems.
A fiber optic cable consists of one or more strands of
glass, each only slightly thicker than a human hair. The
center of each strand is called the core, which provides
the pathway for light to travel. The core is surrounded
by a layer of glass called cladding that reflects light
inward to avoid loss of signal and allow the light to pass
through bends in the cable.

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 Advantages of Optical Fibers

 Small Size and lightweight − The size (diameter) of the optical

fibres is minimal (comparable to the diameter of a human hair).
 Easily available and low cost − The material used for producing
the optical fibres is silica glass. This material is readily
applicable. Therefore, the optical fibres cost lower than the
cables with metallic conductors.
 No electrical or electromagnetic interface − Since the
transmission occurs in light rays, the signal is not affected by
electrical or electromagnetic interference.
 Large Bandwidth − As the light arrays have a very high
frequency in the GHz range, the optical fibre bandwidth is vast

Disadvantages of Optical Fibers

 High Cost − The cable and the interfaces are associatively more
expensive than those of other guided media.
 Unidirectional light propagation − Since the optical
transmission is inherently unidirectional two-way
communication requires either two fibres or two frequency
bands on one fibre.
 Installation and Maintenance − Fibre is different technology
requiring skills; most engineers do not occupy.
 It is defined as fixed point-to-point ground installations.

Application

 Medical Industry.
 Communication.
 Defence.
 Industries.

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 Conclusion

The main advantage of structured cabling is that it

allows future flexibility when connecting hardware or
software to the network setup. Meaning changes cost
less in terms of time and money within a business.
Network cabling specifically refers to the infrastructure
of these cables and ensuring that they meet the required
needs of whatever building they are in.
Twisted pair, coaxial cables and fiber optic cable are
three major network cable types in the communication
systems.

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 Reference

Networking cables - Wikipedia

www.google.com

Cable | electronics - Encyclopedia Britannica

Advantages and Disadvantages of Twisted Pair

Types of Cables, Purpose, Advantages, Disadvantages ...

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