Representation of

Data in Excel 2016

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LEARN
You will learn about: Creatinga chart
Components of chart
The purpose of charts
Types of charts Charttools

TASK to
all. She asks yoU
of marks scored by you
shows your class the graphical analysis
manner.
worksheet in a pictorial
Creatner Excel
Create the
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This will help her to see the performance of the students at a glance.
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how to represent the data pictorially 47
 CHARTS IN EXCEL 2016
In Excel 2016, a chart is used to represent data graphically or pictorially. It is easier
er
to compare data, understand trends and patterns with the help of charts

There are ditterent types of charts available in Excel 2016 to represent data (Table 4.1
Table 4.1 Types of charts and their usage

Types of charts Description/Usage

Column Chart It is the most commonly used chart tor comparing different sets
ot intormation. It represents data in the torm of vertical bars.

Bar Chart It represents the data in the form of horizontal bars. It helps to

Compare individual itemsquickly and easily.

Line Chart It shows the changing trends in data. The data points are
connected with lines. It is easy to interpret the increasing or
decreasing values of the data.
Pie Chart It is used to compare proportions as it is displayed in the form
| of a pie. Each data value represents oneslice of a pie.
Area Chart |It is similar to line chart except that the areas under the lines
are filled in. It is used to focus on ditterent sets ot data over a
period of time.
Scatter Chart or It is also known as X-Y chart. It is used to compare pairs of value.
BubbleChart
Surface or Radar It displays the data in a three-dimensional view. It is used with
Chart large data sets. The colours in the chart distinguish values and
not data series.

Combo Chart This type of chart highlights different types of information. It is

used when the range of values varies widely or has mixed types
ofdata.
Tech Help

Hierarchy chart is
used to
compare parts of a

whole or when several columns of categories

form a hierarchy. Treemap and Sunburst are
examples of hierarchy charts. "
Chen

Waterfall or Stock chart shows the cumulative

effect of values.

48
ACTIVITYYI

Identify the types

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CREATING A CHART

chart, follow these steps:

To create a
data for the chart). Include the column titles and row
cells (source
Step 1: Select the
labels (Fig. 4.1).
Charts group, select the
desired chart category.
Insert tab, in the
Step 2: On the
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49
T-
 Step 3: Select the
desired chart type
from the drop-down
alai Alads De menu.
The chart will
appear in the
Emp, Salan
worksheet (Fig. 4.2).
Tech Help
Select the cells

data tor the

(Source
chart). Press F11 to
create a chart.

Fig. 4.2 Column chart inserted in a worksheet

ACTIVITY2

file Marksheet. Select the names and column.

Open the percentage
Create a chart showing the percentage of all the students.

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 OF A CHART
cOMPONENTS
The various components ot a chart are shown in Fig. 4.3.

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Chart Title
Legend
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Gridlines
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X-Axis Title

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4.3 Components of a chart LookUp

Fig. Axes: plural of axis
Microsoft Excel chart are listed in Table 4.2.
The components of
Microsoft Excel chart and their description
Table 4.2 Components of

Components Description
of Chart Components of a chart are present.
Chart Area It is the area in which all the
Titles hey are of two types: chart title
and axis title.
Chart Title lt is the heading given to a chart. X-axis and Y-axis.
Axis Title There are two axes in a 2D chart,
Y-axis and Z-axis.
In a 3D there are three axes, X-axis,
chart,
a title based on the data series it represents.
Each axis in a chart is givenchart
dlegory Axis The horizontal axis of the
or X-axis
value Axis or The vertical axis of the chart
Y-axis
Data Series he data that are used to plot a chart.
to make it
Legend series. A unique colour
is assigned
t identifies the data
easily distinguishable.
uridlinesS h e s e are the lines that run across X-axis and Y-axis. It points the
gridlines is optiondi
Data Label exact value of each data point. The display of
It pro
Tprovides additional information about a point on a Chartl.

s1
i
ACTIVITY3

Match the following columns.

Components of Chart Column B

1. Data Series
The herizontal axis of the chart.

The data that are used to plot a chart.

2. Data Label b.
It provides additional information about
3. Category Axis a point on a chart.

4. Value Axis d. The horizontal axis of the chart.

-

Tech Help

Toedit a chart, double-click its different parts.

CHART TOOLS
You may format the chart by changing its layout, design, style, location and so on.
When you insert the chart in a worksheet, you will notice two tool tabs: Design and
Format appear on the screen.
Design tab: Different options help to change the design the c art inserted (Fig. 4.4).
Seay tai

Fig. 4.4 The Design tab

Format tab: Different options help to format text (Fig. 4.5).

ape A Sg for
A end iubo

Fig. 4.5 The Format tab

 THE CHART TYPE
CHANGING
the chart type, follow these steps:
To change
CteD 1: Click the chart to change its type or sub-type.

Step 2: On the Design tab, in the Type group, click the Change Chart Type command
(Fig. 4.6).
Step 2

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Fig. 4.6 Changing the
box (Fig. 4.7).
Change Chart Type dialog
apPpears

Step 3: Select the desired chart type.

Step 4: Click OK.

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Fig. 4.7 Change Chart Type dialog

53
ACTIVITY 4

A. Open the file 'Marksheet'. Change the Column chart to Line chart.
B. Explore the different types of charts.

C. List the different chart types.

D. Which chart type do you like the most? Why?
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CHANGING CHART LAYOUT

Changing the chart
layout means changing the position of the various chart elemen
on it, such as chart legends.
To change the chart layout, follow these steps:
Step 1: Select the chart.
Step 2: On the Design tab, in the Chart
drop-down arrow to see all Layouts group, click the Quick Layout
the available
layouts (Fig. 4.8).
 Step2
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ChartStyles Dats
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Quick Layo
Chart 3 of the
Change the overal iayout

Sheeti

Fig. 4.8 More buttons of Chart Layouts

SalayLace
ismd
oin

Step3

Step 3: Select the

desired layout (Fig. 4.9).

lil tpoyes

4.9 Ditferent layouts

Fig.

Llilii lali;
will
The chart
Step 4: reflect the
to
update 4.10).
new layout (Fig.

ll Step4

55

4.10 The chart with

the new layout
Fig.
APPLYING CHART STYLES
for chart style.
he Design tab provides various options
To apply a chart style, follow these steps:
the Design tab, in the Chart Styles group, click the
1: Under Chart Tools,
Step on

More arrow (Fig. 4.11).

Chart styles will be displayed.
Chart Too X
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Switch Row eiect nnge OvE

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Change Column Data hart lype Chart
Type ocation
Chart Layouts

Chart 3
Step 1

Step 2
Sheet1
Ready

Fig. 4.11 Applying a chart style

Step 2: Choose a chart style.

The chart with a new style appears (Fig. 4.12).
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Fig. 4.12 New chart
style
ACTIVITYs

A lor the lile 'Marksdeel', chooe a dillerent chart layout.

dilterent ehart style.
. Chooe a
. Eplore all the layouls and styes. Apply the one you liked the most.

line
D. Observe the different lypes of charts:

Marksheet xcel

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MOVING ACHART rou

the same
worksheet. cd
a chart from one location to another on

evon
OVe ve
it from one worksheet to a different worksheet.

57
To move a chart, follow
these steps:
Step 1: On the Design tab
in the Location group, click rt 1

Move Chart. StepP2

Emp_Sa Me C h

The Move Chart dialog box " * * * " ***

appears (Fi8 4.13). Step 1

Step 2: In the Object in,

select any of the existing
worksheets.
It you wish to move the chart Step 3

to a new worksheet, click the

New sheet radio button and Fig. 4.13 Move Chart dialog box
type the name of the new worksheet.
Step 3: Click OK.
The chart is inserted and
automatically scaled to fill the entire sheet in
landscape orientation.
ADDING A CHART TITLE
To add a chart title, follow these steps:
Step 1: Select the chart (Fig. 4.14).
Step 2: On the
Design tab, in the Chart
drop-down list. Layouts group, click the Add Chart Element
Select the position of the title the
on chart from list of
a
options.

Tdes

e l

Step 2
Leeed Ovelay
Tale Ogtio

Step 1

Fig. 4.14 Chart Title

options
 the lexI in
3: Iype
Step
Title text area

the Chart
(Fig. 4.15).

outside the
4: Click
Step
chart when done.
mp.SalarY. Step 3

ADDING AXIS TITLE

To add
axes,

Step
title to both the
follow these

1: Select
steps:
the chart.
ill
Shaetl

4.15 chart title

ig. yping a

ep. Step Design tab, in

2: On the
click
Emp SalaTy
the Chart Layouts group,
the
the Axis Titles option from
Add Chart Element drop-down

Step 2 ti
ilul list (Fig. 4.16).

axis title
Fig. 4.16 Adding horizontal

Step 3:Select from the 1 Sadsh Ran slet

list of options:
Age
To add a title
Step 3
to X-Axis, click
mp Salary
Primary Horizontal. ove Aait Tee Optana

To add a title
to Y-Axis, click

Primary Vertical
Fig. 4.17).
An axis title
box
appears (Fig. 4.18).
{tle
axis
Fig.4.17 Adding vertical
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Fig. 4.18 Axis titles added

ADDING DATA LABELS Saye

Derig
ge oma
To add data labels, follow
these steps: Ages .

Step Select the chart

1:
.kd Step 2
(Fig. 4.19).
"P- Salary
Step 2: On the Design tab,

iliii
gidn nd

in the Chart Layouts group,

click the Data Label option
*

hRside Ind Step

from Add Chart Element
2

Step 1
drop-down list. More Data Labe Open

Step 3: A list of options for

Set
different Data Labels appears.
Click the desired option. in Data Labels menu
Fig. 4.19 Options

ACTIVITY 6

Add the following to your chart in the 'Marksheet' file:

Chart Title
Title to both the axes

Data labels
Using the commands in Font the font style, colour and size

60
 ADDING DATA TABLE

data table,
To add a
tollow these steps:
A

Step1: Select the

Step 3
chart (Fig. 4.20). 2 DasTg
Step Emp_salary

2: On the Design wLagdK

Step
the Chart
tab, in
Layouts group, click

the Data Table optiopn

Step
from Add Chart
Element drop-down list.
Sheet

Step 3: Click With

4.20 Adding data table
o r No Fig.
Legend Keys
Legend Keys.

(Fig. 4.21).
The desired data table appear
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4.21 Chart with data table

Fig.
ADDING GRIDLINES
You can add or remove the
gridlines. On the Design tab,
in the Chart Layouts group,
click the Gridlines option irom Salny

Add Chart Element drop-down

list. (Fig. 4.22).
From the drop-down list
choose the desired option.

Fig. 4.22 Adding gridlines

ACTIVITY7
()
List the different features other than charts to the data
present pictorially.

RECAP
«
Chart is used to represent data graphically.
Different types of charts are column chart, line chart, pie chart, bar chart, area chart, scatter
chart, surtace chart and combo chart.
Different components of a chart are chart area, chart title, axis title, category axis, or X-axis,
value axis or y-axis, data series,
legend, gridlines and data label.
The two Chart Tool tabs are Design and Format. These are used for editing and
the chart. formatting

CHECKLISST
Put a to show whether you have understood the terms or need help.
Term
got it!
Chart Area Ineed help!
Data Series

Legend
Gridlines
Data Label
ASSESS

in the blanks with the help of the given words.

A.Fill
Category Design Column Scatter Gridlines

V . . Y . l . . . . . chart represents intormation in vertical bars.

1. . ..
***** . . . chart is used to compare pairs of value.
axis is the horizontal axis of the chart.
3. X-axis or . . .

... .
the value of each data points in a chart.
A.C.o..A.. shows
exact
4.
tab.
5. To add data table, I should go to ...d d.
the correct answer.
B.Tick ( is:
1. A chart that compares proportions
P i e chart
a. Column chart
d. Line chart
C. Area chart
changing trends in data.
2. This type of data shows the
b. Column chart
a. Pie chart
d. Scatter chart
L i n e chart

, The of Legend in a chart is:

purpose
b. To tell the exact value
ot data points
the data series
aTo identify data
C. To show the trend in a data d. To compare the different

various chart style options.

tab provides
he. ... d. Review
a. Formulas b. Format Design
t in which all the components
of a chart are present.
.
ishe area d. Gridlines
a Chart Area b. Titles C. Legend
Answer the following questions.
1. What is a chart? What is its purpose?
2. Name and describe the components of a chart.
3. Compare the column and bar charts.

D O you think it is important to add a chart title and axis title to a chart?

H o w will you move a chart another

to
worksheet

63
 e e
unsee
numn
Jetais_Fanthail matches'.
ar
stung ne narnes and the
hame Te Tat. upe n total number of goais
Bar chart.
COart Tues and Axis
titles.
Auc egends and gridlines.
r e t e a Line chart based on name and age (from to eldest.
youngest
Change the chart type to Area chart.
Commpare Line chart and Area chart and write the observations.

Open Microsoft Excel worksheet 'Weather report_<month>.

C r e a t e a Bar chart showing the days and the maximum and minimum temperatures on those

days.
2. Change the chart type to Pie chart.
3. Add chart titles and Axis titles.
4. Insert gridlines and remove. Write the difference you observed.

and of books.
C. Create a column chart on various categories names

1. Explore other chart types such as Pie, Bar and Area.

Create another chart and mention the names of the books you have read and not read.
2.
to the books read, and zero to the books that are not read. Create a line chart.
3. Give five points
column chart showing the calorie content for each
count. Create
D. Open the file of calories a
food item. Change the chart type and layout to see which chart helps to compare data easily.

BRAINSToRM
A. Read the given clues and name the chart types.
1. It looks like a horizontal chocolate bar but each bar has a different size.
2. It contains points at the end of lines.
3. It looks like a pizza with a piece cut from it. . ..Ga.
4. It looks like different triangles arranged in a clumsy manner and
connected to each other.
AMA.ha
5. It shows different levels of rings with a hole in the centre. 2.uglanut...
B. Can you create a report with the help of the charts in Excel 2016? How can you dothat? Which
reports can you creater