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Microbiology Notes

This document provides an overview of microbiology and parasitology. It defines microbiology as the study of microbes, which are microscopic living organisms including bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, and viruses. Microbes can be either cellular or acellular. They are found virtually everywhere and play many important roles in environments, industries, and human health. The document outlines some pioneers in microbiology, such as Anton van Leeuwenhoek and Louis Pasteur, and discusses various career paths in the field. It also provides brief descriptions of different types of microscopes used to study microbes.

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Glecy Ann Magno
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295 views1 page

Microbiology Notes

This document provides an overview of microbiology and parasitology. It defines microbiology as the study of microbes, which are microscopic living organisms including bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, and viruses. Microbes can be either cellular or acellular. They are found virtually everywhere and play many important roles in environments, industries, and human health. The document outlines some pioneers in microbiology, such as Anton van Leeuwenhoek and Louis Pasteur, and discusses various career paths in the field. It also provides brief descriptions of different types of microscopes used to study microbes.

Uploaded by

Glecy Ann Magno
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MICROBIOLOGY & PARASITOLOGY LEC

UNIT 1

CHAPTER 1 antibiotic industries and in genetic


 Biology - study of living organisms engineering.
 Microbiology - study of microbes,  In genetic engineering, a gene(s) from
which are extremely small one organism is inserted into a
(microscopic) living organisms and bacterial or yeast cell; the cell that
certain non-living entities. receives the new gene(s) is then
 Living microbes - known as cellular capable of producing the gene
microbes or microorganisms; examples product(s) coded for by the new
include bacteria, archaea, some algae, gene(s).
protozoa, and some fungi.  Biotechnology - use of living organisms
 Nonliving microbes - known as as their derivatives to modify products
acellular microbes or infectious  Fossils of primitive microorganisms
particles; examples include viroids, date back about 3.5 billion years.
prions, and viruses.  Archaea & cyanobacteria - first
 Microbes are ubiquitous (i.e., they are microorganism on Earth
found virtually everywhere)  Earliest known account of pestilence
 Microbes - ACELLUAR INFECTOUS occurred in Egypt in about 3180 BC.
AGENTS : prions, viruses
CELLULAR MIRCROORGANISMS : PIONEERS IN THE SCIENCE OF
PROKARYOTES: archaea, bacteria MICROBIOLOGY
EUKARYOTES: algae, fungi, protozoa  Anton Van Leeuwenhoek - “father of
 Germs(PATHOGENS )- microbes that microbiology” made many simple
cause diseases single -lens microscope, observed
 Non - pathogens - do not cause disease animalcules (bacteria or protozoa)
 Indigenous microbiota - microbes live  Louis Pasteur - french chemist,
on & in in our body investigated different fermentation ,
 Opportunistic pathogens - can cause pasteurization , discovered life forms
disease, but usually do not that could not exists without oxygen
 Infectious disease - colonize persons  Robert Koch - german physician,
body, causes diseases, Ex: MRSA develop methods of fixing & staining
infection , gas gangrene bacteria & cultivate bacteria
 Photo synthetic algae & CARRERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
bacteria(cyanobacteria) - produce  Microbiologists - studies microbes
oxygen in atmosphere  Medical microbiology - study of
 Microorganisms are involved in the pathogens ,disease,defenses
decomposition of dead organisms and
waste products. CHAPTER 2
 Bioremediation - clean up toxic wastes  MICROSCOPE
 Saprophytes - organisms live on dead - Simple microscope
or decaying organic matter - Compound microscope
 Algae and bacteria serve as food for - Electron microscope
tiny animals; they are important links - Atomic force microscope
in food chains
 For many years, microorganisms have  Metric units - express the size of
been used as“cell models”; the more microscope
the scientists learned about microbial  Micrometers - bacteria & protozoa
cells, the more they learned about cells  1 um - typical spherical
in general. bacterium(coccus)
 Microbes are used in many industries,  1 um wide x 3um long - typical rod-
such as food, beverage, chemical, and shaped (baccil)

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