NENING, TRISTAN JAY P.

PHILI 1100 BS ACCOUNTANCY 1

LA SOLIDARIDAD

 In 1888, Graciano Lopez Jaena founded La Solidaridad.

 It urges reforms in both religion and government in the Philippines.
 Served as voice of propaganda movement.
 Through this, propagandist wage their movement by means of pen and tongue.
 Eye opener to Spanish government.
 4 AIMS:
 Equality of Filipinos and Spaniards before the Law.
 Assimilation of the Philippines as regular province of Spain.
 Restoration of Philippine representation in the Cortes.
 Filipinization of Philippine parishes.
 The propaganda movement failed, but the ideas of freedom and justice paved the ground for the Philippine
revolution.

JOSE P. RIZAL

 Penname: “Laong-Laan”
 Writer, ophthalmologist, scholar, and scientist.
 One of the frontrunners of propaganda movement.
 Served as the mouthpiece of the injustices and grave.
 Rizal wrote two political novels—Noli me tangere (1887; Touch Me Not) and El filibusterism (1891; The
Reign of Greed).

PEDRO SERRANO LAKTAW

 Penname: “Panday Pira”

 Born on October 24, 1853 in Kupang, Bulacan, Bulacan. He was a boyhood companion and schoolmate of
Marcelo H. Del Pilar.
 a philologist and journalist, a teacher and patriot
 Only Filipino appointed as one of the tutors to Prince of Asturias.
 The only Filipino to obtain the degree of Maestro Superior from the Superior Normal School at Salamanca
and the degree of Maestro Normal from the Central University of Madrid.
 Helped the Comite de Propaganda extolling democratic principles and exposing friars' abuses.
 Helped finance the publication of La Solidaridad in Spain.

JOSE MARIA PANGANIBAN

 Penname: “Jomapa” and “J.M.P.”

 February 1, 1863 – August 19, 1890
 Filipino propagandist, linguist, and essayist.
 Main writers and contributors for La Solidaridad.
 One of the signers of the petition to the Spanish Minister of Colonies, requesting for Filipino representation
in the Spanish Cortes.
 NENING, TRISTAN JAY P. PHILI 1100 BS ACCOUNTANCY 1
LA SOLIDARIDAD
In 1888, Filipino expatriate journalist Graciano Lopez Jaena founded the newspaper La Solidaridad in
Barcelona. Throughout its course, La Solidaridad urged reforms in both religion and government in the Philippines,
and it served as the voice of what became known as the Propaganda Movement. One of the foremost contributors
to La Solidaridad was the precocious José Rizal y Mercado. Rizal wrote two political novels—Noli me
tangere (1887; Touch Me Not) and El filibusterismo (1891; The Reign of Greed)—which had a wide impact in the
Philippines. López Jaena, Rizal, and journalist Marcelo del Pilar emerged as the three leading figures of the
Propaganda Movement, and magazines, poetry, and pamphleteering flourished.
JOSE RIZAL “Laong Laan”
 José Rizal – writer, ophthalmologist, scholar, and scientist. Rizal is one of the forerunners of the
propaganda movement that awakened the Filipino people from the abuses of the Spanish colonizers. Served as the
mouthpiece of the injustices and grave human rights violations the Filipino people went through during the Spanish
rule. Rizal wrote two political novels—Noli me tangere (1887; Touch Me Not) and El filibusterism (1891; The Reign
of Greed)— were the factors that influenced the Filipino evolution of national consciousness. López Jaena, Rizal,
and journalist Marcelo del Pilar emerged as the three leading figures of the Propaganda Movement, and
magazines, poetry, and pamphleteering flourished.

PEDRO SERRANO LAKTAW “Panday Pira”

On October 24, 1853, Pedro Serrano Laktaw, a philologist and journalist, a teacher and patriot was born in
Kupang, Bulacan, Bulacan. He was a boyhood companion and schoolmate of Marcelo H. Del Pilar. Laktaw has a
distinction as the only Filipino appointed one of the tutors to Prince of Asturias, who later became King Alfonso XIII,
when the Prince was about 6 or 7 years old. Laktaw is said to have been the only Filipino to obtain the degree
of Maestro Superior from the Superior Normal School at Salamanca and the degree of Maestro Normal from the
Central University of Madrid. Helped the Comite de Propaganda extolling democratic principles and exposing friars'
abuses. The Comite based in Manila, helped finance the publication of La Solidaridad in Spain.

JOSE MARIA PANGANIBAN

Jose Ma. Panganiban y Enverga (February 1, 1863 – August 19, 1890) was a Filipino propagandist, linguist,
and essayist. He is one of the main writers and contributors for La Solidaridad, writing under the pen names
"Jomapa" and "J.M.P." . He joined liberal organizations like the Asociacion Hispano-Filipino and the La Solidaridad
that both of which aimed for reforms in the Philippines. On April 25, 1889, Panganiban was one of the signers of
the petition to the Spanish Minister of Colonies, requesting for Filipino representation in the Spanish Cortes.

Weakening of the Propaganda Movement

        The arrest of Rizal as well as the fall down of the Liga Filipina began the weakening process of the Propaganda
Movement. Shortly after that, in 1895, La Solidaridad stopped to be published and Lopez Jaena died. Moreover,
even though some people tried to reestablish Liga Filipina, their actions ended in failure.
         Filipinos used the Propaganda Movement as a medium in their pursuit for independence from Spain. The
whole movement began as gentle actions and advices created by students from the Philippines, who attended
universities in Europe. Because of the fact that the level of education provided at that time in the Philippines was
low and offered mostly in Spanish (which Filipino did not know that well), many young people followed their
education path abroad. After seeing what is happening in other countries, how free people seem to be in Europe,
they wanted to do something about the bad conditions in their homeland. This is how the Propaganda Movement
was created. The Propagandist used literature to create change and, in this way, provide people with knowledge.
 NENING, TRISTAN JAY P. PHILI 1100 BS ACCOUNTANCY 1
1872-execution of GomBurZa 1892-Pagtapon kay Rizal sa Hongkong

 Forefront: Rizal, Del Pilar, Jaena

 Illustrados realized that there a lot of privileges that are not being afford to the Philippines.
 They begin to understand that if Spaniards and Filipinos in Spain has this kind of Freedom and
Independence to Spain, why not apply it to the Philippines.
 Association Hispano-Pilipino. Don Miguel Morayta. Balangay ng Masonerya.
 Prof. Ferdinand Bluementritt. Francisco y Margal.

LA SOLIDARIDAD, Feb 15 1889.

 Graciano Lopez Jaena-nagtatag at unang patnugot.
 This propagandist wage their movement by means of pen and tongue to expose the defects pf Spanish
rule to the PH
 Urgency of reform to remedy them.
 Eye Opener to Spanish Government to see that there a lot of injustices happening in PH. Unfortunately,
Spain failed to see and failed to remedy.
 Write the condition of Filipinos.
 Aims: Equality of Filipinos and Spaniards before the Law. no equality between Spaniards and Pilipinos.
They are called Indios. inferior in the eyes of the Law
 Aims: Assimilation of the Ph as regular province pf Spain. you will be given equal privilege and rights.
whatever the rights and privileges granted to Spaniards at Spain will also be given to Fil to PH. Equal
Footing, either in Spain or PH
 Aims: Restoration of PH representation in the Cortes, the law-making body pf Spain. If we have
representation to the Law-making body, there’s a voice to Filipinos. The condition of ordinary Fil will
also raise to be heard by Spaniards.
 Aims: Filipinization of PH Parishes. equal opportunity to man the parishes. The Filipino clergy will take
part in the administration of the religious affair.
 Aims: Individual liberties for the Filipinos. Equal opportunity and privileges. the kind of freedom that
we deserve will be given to us.
 The propaganda movement failed, but the ideas of freedom and justice which is sowed paved the
ground for the Philippine revolution that the Katipunan and Andres Bonifacio began in the hills of
Bakintawak in August 1896. it opened their eyes.

LA LIGA FILIPINA.
 July 3 1892. Union of the PH archipelago. Mutual protection. Defense against violence Encouragement
of education. Study and application of Reforms.
 ENDED because there was split in the members. Peaceful reform- Compromisarios. Violent rebolution-
Katipunan.