UCE MATHEMATICS PAPER 1 2018 guide

SECTION A (40 marks)

Answer all questions in this section

3𝑚−𝑛
1. Given that m*n= , evaluate 6*(3*1). (04marks)
2
2. Find the integral values of y in the inequality 2y + 3 < 27 if y>9 (04marks)
4 6
3. Determine the inverse (P-1) of P = ( ) (04marks)
−4 −6
4. The ages in years of six girls are as follow: 17, 8, 15, 12, 15, 13. What would be the age of the
seventh girl that would make the mean age of all girls to be 13 years (04 marks)
5. Factorize 3x4- 48y4 completely. (04marks)
1
6. Form a quadratic equation in x whose roots are -3 and (04𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘𝑠)
4
7. The triangles ABC and PQR shown below are similar

Find lengths of
(a) PQ
(b) BC
8. A point A(2,5) is reflected in the line y =x which is shown on the graph

(a) Use the graph to show A’ the image of A

 (b) State the coordinates of A’. (04marks)
9. The table below shows the sum of two numbers
+ 1 2 3
3 - 5 6
5 6 - 8
7 8 - -
(a) Copy and complete the table
+ 1 2 3
3 4 5 6
5 6 7 8
7 8 9 10

(b) What is the probability that the sum is both odd and prime? (04marks)
{sum odd and prim} ={5, 7}
n{sum odd and prime} = 2
2
P(sum odd and prime} =
9
10. Find two possible values of x if 10sinx = 6 and 00< x <1800. (04marks)
 SECTION B (60MARKS)
Answer any five questions from this section. All answers carry equal marks
11. A bag contains 3 black balls, 4 green balls and 5yellow balls
(a) If two balls are picked at random without replacement, find the probability that both
balls are of the same color. (09marks)
(b) How many black balls must be added to the bag so that the probability of drawing a
black ball is ½?
12. (a) Make N the subject of the expression V = MN2P.
Hence, find the value of N when M = 9, P = 3 and V = 243. (05marks)
(b) Amooti bought three books and five pens at shs. 9,700. If he had bought two books and
eight pens, he would have spent shs. 900 less Calculate the cost of a
(ii) Book
(iii) Pen (07marks)
13. The vertices R(0, 1), s(0, 3) and T(3,1) of a triangle are mapped onto R’, S’ and T’ by a
1 0
transformation matrix P = ( ).
2 4
(a) Find the coordinates of the vertices of the image triangle R’S’T’. (06marks)
(b) Use the determinant of P to find the ratio of the area of triangle RST to the area of
triangle R’S’T’. (03 marks)
(c) Determine the matrix of transformation which maps R’S’T’ back onto RST. (03marks)
14. Using a ruler, a pencil and pair of compasses only.
(a) Construct a triangle ABC in which angle BAC = 300, angle ABC is 1200 and 𝐴𝐵 = 8𝑐𝑚
(05marks)
(b) Measure and record the length Ac and BC. (02 marks)
(c) (i) Draw an inscribed circle in the triangle ABC
(ii) Record the radius of the circle (05marks)
15. (a) Copy and complete the table below for values of 10 – x2.
x -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
10 – x2 -6 6 9 10 9 1 -6
(i) Using 2cm for 1unit on x-axis and 1cm for 1 unit on the y-axis, draw the graph of
y = 10 - x2.
(ii) Use your graph to solve the equation 10 – x2 = 0. (07marks)

(b)(i) On the same axes, draw the graph of the equation y = 2x + 3

(ii) Use your graphs to solve the equation x2 + 2x – 7 = 0 (05marks)

16. (a) Using matrix method, solve the following simultaneous equations
3x – 4y – 1 = 0
6x – 6y = 5 (06marks)
(b) Three girls went shopping and bought loaves of bread, cakes and packets of biscuits. Ann
bought 2loaves, 2cakes and 6packet of biscuits. Betty bought 3 loaves, 4cakes and 5 packets
of biscuits. Caroline bought 3 loaves, 6 cakes and 3 packets of biscuits.
(i) Represent this information in matrix form.
(ii) One loaf cost Shs. 3,500, one cake costs shs. 500 and a packet of biscuits costs shs 2, 000.
Using matrix multiplication obtain the money spent by each girls. (06marks)
Hence, determine the total amount of money spent by the three girls. (06marks)
17. A wholesaler wishes to transport at least 240 bags of sugar from the factory to his shop. He
has a lorry that can carry 90 bags per trip and pick up that can carry 20 bags per trip. The
cost of each trip is shs. 50,000 for the lorry and shs. 15,000 for a pick-up. He has 180,000
available to transport the sugar. The pick-up makes more trips than the lorry.
If x is the number of trips to be made by the lorry and y the number of trips to be made by
the pickup;
(a) Write down five inequalities to represent the given information. (04marks)
(b) Represent the inequalities on a graph (04 marks)

Use the graph to find the possible number of trips to be made by the lorry and the pick-up.
Hence find the minimum cost of transporting the bags of sugar. (04marks)

Solutions
SECTION A (40 marks)

Answer all questions in this section

3𝑚−𝑛
1. Given that m*n= , evaluate 6*(3*1). (04marks)
2
3(3)−1 9−1
3*1 = = = 4,
2 2
3(6)−4 18−4 14
6*(3*1) = 6* 4 = = = =7
2 2 2
2. Find the integral values of y in the inequality 2y + 3 < 27 if y>9 (04marks)
2y + 3 < 27
2y< 24
y<12
y = 11, 10, 9, 8 …
But since y > 9
∴ the integral values of y = {10, 11}
4 6
3. Determine the inverse (P-1) of P = ( ) (04marks)
−4 −5
4 6
P=( )
−4 −5
Det (P) = -5 x 4 - 6 x -4 = -20 + 24 = 4
−5 −6
Adjunct of P = ( )
4 4
−5⁄ −6⁄
Inverse of P = P-1 = (
1 −5 −6
)=( 4 4) =(−5⁄4 −3⁄2)
4 4 4 4⁄ 4⁄ 1 1
4 4
4. The ages in years of six girls are as follow: 17, 8, 15, 12, 15, 13. What would be the age of the
seventh girl that would make the mean age of all girls to be 13 years (04 marks)
Let y = age of the 7th girl
Total ages of the 7 girls = 17 + 8 + 15 + 12 + 15 + 13 + y = 80 + y
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑔𝑒
Average age =
𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑔𝑖𝑟𝑙𝑠
80+𝑦
 13=
7
91 = 80 + y; y = 11
Hence the age of the 7th girl is 11 years
5. Factorize 3x4- 48y4 completely. (04marks)
3x4- 48y4 = 3(x4 -16y4) = 3{(x2+4y2)(x2 – 4y2) =3{(x2 + 22y2)(x+ y)(x-y)} =3(x2 + 22y2)(x+ y)(x-y)
 1
6. Form a quadratic equation in x whose roots are -3 and (04𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘𝑠)
4
The quadratic equation is given by
1
(x –(-3))(x - ) = 0
4
1
(x + 3)(x - ) = 0
4
1 1
x(x - ) + 3(x − ) = 0
4 4
1 3
x2 - 𝑥 + 3𝑥 − = 0
4 4
2 −1+12 3
x +( )𝑥 − = 0
4 4
11 3
x2 + 𝑥− =0
4 4
or
4x2 + 11x – 3 = 0
Alternatively
The quadratic equation is given by
x2 –(sum of roots)x + product of root = 0
1 1
x2 –(-3 + )x + (-3 x ) = 0
4 4
−1+12 3
x2 + ( )𝑥 − = 0
4 4
11 3
x2 + 𝑥− =0
4 4
or
4x2 + 11x – 3 = 0

7. The triangles ABC and PQR shown below are similar

Find lengths of
𝐵𝐶 𝐴𝐵 𝐴𝐶
= =
𝑄𝑅 𝑃𝑄 𝑃𝑅
(a) PQ
𝑃𝑄 10
=
9 30
10
PQ = 𝑥 9 = 3𝑐𝑚
30
(b) BC
𝐵𝐶 30
=
8 10
30
BC = 𝑥8 = 24𝑐𝑚
10
8. A point A(2,5) is reflected in the line y =x which is shown on the graph
 (a) Use the graph to show A’ the image of A
Note: any point B(a, b) after reflection in the line y = x will be transformed to B’(b,a)

(b) State the coordinates of A’. (04marks)

A’(5, 2)
9. The table below shows the sum of two numbers
+ 1 2 3
3 - 5 6
5 6 - 8
7 8 - -
(a) Copy and complete the table
+ 1 2 3
3 4 5 6
5 6 7 8
7 8 9 10

(b) What is the probability that the sum is both odd and prime? (04marks)
Let O = event that the sum is odd number and P = prime sum
O= { 5, 7, 9}
 P = {5, 7}
𝑂 ∩ 𝑃 = {5, 7}
𝑛(𝐸) = 2
𝑛(𝑂∩𝑃) 2
P(𝑂 ∩ 𝑃) = =
𝑛(𝑆) 9
10. Find two possible values of x if 10sinx = 6 and 00< x <1800. (04marks)

10sinx = 6
6
sinx = = 0.6
10
−1
x = sin 0.6 = 36.870

X2 = 1800 – 36.870 = 143.130

Hence the two possible values of x are 36.870 and 143.130.

SECTION B (60MARKS)
Answer any five questions from this section. All answers carry equal marks
18. A bag contains 3 black balls, 4 green balls and 5yellow balls
Let B = black, G = green, Y = yellow
n(B) = 3; n(G) = 4 and n(Y) = 5
3 4 5
P(B) = , P(G) = and P(Y) =
12 12 12
(a) If two balls are picked at random without replacement, find the probability that both
balls are of the same colour. (09marks)
P(both are of the same colour) = 𝑃(𝐵1 ∩ 𝐵2 ) + 𝑃(𝐺1 ∩ 𝐺2 ) + 𝑃(𝑌1 ∩ 𝑌2 )
3 2 4 3 5 4
= 𝑥 + 𝑥 + 𝑥
12 11 12 11 12 11
6 12 20 38 19
= + + = =
132 132 132 132 66
(b) How many black balls must be added to the bag so that the probability of drawing a
black ball is ½?
Let the additional number of black balls = x
3+𝑥 1
=
12+𝑥 2
2(3 + x) = 12 + x
6 + 2x = 12 + x
X=6
19. (a) Make N the subject of the expression V = MN2P.
𝑉
N2 =
𝑀𝑃
𝑉
N=√
𝑀𝑃
Hence, find the value of N when M = 9, P = 3 and V = 243. (05marks)
Substituting for M = 9, P = 3 and V = 243
243 243
N = ±√ = ±√ = ±√9 = ±3
9𝑥3 27
 (c) Amooti bought three books and five pens at shs. 9,700. If he had bought two books and
eight pens, he would have spent shs. 900 less Calculate the cost of a
Let x = cost of book and y = cost of pen
3x + 5y = 9700 …………………………. (i)
6x + 8y = 8800 ………………………… (ii)
2(i) – 3(ii)
-14y = -7000
−700
𝑦= = 500
−14
From eqn. (i)
3x + 5 x 500 = 9700
3x= 9700 – 2500 = 7,200
7200
𝑥= = 2400
3
Hence;
(i) Book costs Shs. 2400
(ii) Pen costs shs. 500 (07marks)
20. The vertices R(0, 1), s(0, 3) and T(3,1) of a triangle are mapped onto R’, S’ and T’ by a
1 0
transformation matrix P = ( ).
2 4
(a) Find the coordinates of the vertices of the image triangle R’S’T’. (06marks)
𝑅 𝑆 𝑇 R’ S’ T’ R’ S’ T’
1 0 0 0 3 0+0 0+0 3+0 0 0 0
( )( )=( )= ( )
2 4 1 3 1 0 + 4 0 + 12 6 + 4 4 12 10

∴ R’(0, 4), S’(0, 12), and T’(0, 10

(b) Use the determinant of P to find the ratio of the area of triangle RST to the area of
triangle R’S’T’. (03 marks)
Dep(P) = 1 x 4 – 0 x 2 = 4
The ratio of area of RST: area of R’S’T’ = 1:4
(c) Determine the matrix of transformation which maps R’S’T’ back onto RST. (03marks)
Matrix which maps R’S’T’ back onto RST = P’
1 0
P=( )
2 4
4 0
Adjunct of P = ( )
−2 1
4 0
41 0 4 4
1 0
𝑃−1 = ( ) = (−2 1) = (−1 1 )
4 −2 1 2 4
4 4

21. Using a ruler, a pencil and pair of compasses only.

(a) Construct a triangle ABC in which angle BAC = 300, angle ABC is 1200 and 𝐴𝐵 = 8𝑐𝑚
(05marks)
 (b) Measure and record the length AC and BC. (02 marks)
AC = 13.9cm
BC = 8.0cm

(c) (i) Draw an inscribed circle in the triangle ABC

(iv) Record the radius of the circle = 1.9cm (05marks)

22. (a) Copy and complete the table below for values of 10 – x2.
x -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
10 – x2 -6 1 6 9 10 9 6 1 -6
(i) Using 2cm for 1unit on x-axis and 1cm for 1 unit on the y-axis, draw the graph of
y = 10 - x2.
(ii) Use your graph to solve the equation 10 – x2 = 0. (07marks)

x = -3.2 and x = 3.2

(b)(i) On the same axes, draw the graph of the equation y = 2x + 3

 X 0 2
y 3 7

(ii) Use your graphs to solve the equation x2 + 2x – 7 = 0 (05marks)

x = -3.8 and x = 1.8

23. (a) Using matrix method, solve the following simultaneous equations
3x – 4y – 1 = 0
6x – 6y = 5 (06marks)
3x – 4y = 1
6x – 6y = 5
3 −4 𝑥 1
( ) (𝑦 ) = ( )
6 −6 5
Det = 3 x -6 – 6 x -4 = -18 + 24 = 6
−6 4
Adjunct matrix = ( )
−6 3
1 −6 4
Inverse matrix = ( )
6 −6 3
Pre-multiplying both sides by inverse matrix:
1 −6 4 3 −4 𝑥 1 −6 4 1
( )( )( ) = ( )( )
6 −6 3 6 −6 𝑦 6 −6 3 5
1 0 𝑥 1 −6 + 20 1 14
( )( ) = ( )= ( )
0 1 𝑦 6 −6 + 15 6 9
14 1 9
x = = 2 and y = = 1.5
6 3 6
(b) Three girls went shopping and bought loaves of bread, cakes and packets of biscuits. Ann
bought 2loaves, 2cakes and 6packet of biscuits. Betty bought 3 loaves, 4cakes and 5 packets
of biscuits. Caroline bought 3 loaves, 6 cakes and 3 packets of biscuits.
(i) Represent this information in matrix form.
Let B = bread, C = cakes and b = biscuits
B C b
𝐴𝑛𝑛 2 3 6 2 3 6
𝐵𝑒𝑡𝑡𝑦 (3 4 5) = (3 4 5)
𝐶𝑎𝑟𝑜𝑙 3 6 3 3 6 3
(ii) One loaf cost Shs. 3,500, one cake costs shs. 500 and a packet of biscuits costs shs 2, 000.
Using matrix multiplication obtain the money spent by each girls. (06marks)
Cost matrix
𝐵 3,500 3,500
𝐶( 500 ) = ( 500 )
𝑏 2,000 2,000
Hence, determine the total amount of money spent by the three girls. (06marks)
Total cost = matrix multiplication
2 3 6 3,500 7000 + 1500 + 12,000 20,500
(3 4 5) ( 500 ) =(10,500 + 2000 + 10,000) = (22,500)
3 6 3 2,000 10,500 + 3,000 + 6000 19,500
Hence Ann spent shs. 20,500, Betty spent shs. 22,500 and Carol spent 19.500
Total cost = 20,500 + 22,500 + 19,500 = Shs. 62,500
24. A wholesaler wishes to transport at least 240 bags of sugar from the factory to his shop. He
has a lorry that can carry 90 bags per trip and pick up that can carry 20 bags per trip. The
cost of each trip is shs. 50,000 for the lorry and shs. 15,000 for a pick-up. He has 180,000
available to transport the sugar. The pick-up makes more trips than the lorry.
If x is the number of trips to be made by the lorry and y the number of trips to be made by
the pickup;
(a) Write down five inequalities to represent the given information. (04marks)
Number of bags transported
90x + 20y ≥ 240
Total cost of transport
50,000x + 15,000y ≤ 180,000
Pick-up makes more trips than the lorry
y>x
Hence the inequalities are
90x + 20y ≥ 240
50,000x + 15,000y ≤ 180,000
y>x
x≥0
y≥0
(b) Represent the inequalities on a graph (04 marks)
For 90x + 20y ≥ 240 the boundary line is
90x + 20y = 240
This reduces to 9x + 2y = 24
X 0 2
y 12 3

For 50,000x + 15,000y ≤ 180,000

the boundary line is
50,000x + 15,000y = 180,000
This reduces to 10x + 3y = 36
X 0 3
y 12 2

For x > y the boundary line x = y

X 0 10
y 0 10
(c) Use the graph to find the possible number of trips to be made by the lorry and the pick-
up. Hence find the minimum cost of transporting the bags of sugar. (04marks)

Possible values of trips, (x, y) = (0, 12), (1,8), (2, 3),

Combination Cost (50,000x + 15,000y)

(0, 12) 50,000 x 0 + 15,000 x 12 = 180,000
(1, 8) 50,000 x 1 + 15,000 x 8 = 170,000
(2, 3) 50,000 x 2 + 15,000 x 3 = 145,000
Hence the minimum cost of transportation is shs. 145,000

Thank you
Dr. Bbosa Science