Planning 1: Site Planning and Landscape Architecture

PLANNING 1
SITE PLANNING AND

LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE
Module 2.1 – Site selection scope and approach
Topic review
Module 1.3 – Site planning process
Site planning process:

1.Programming
2.Site selection
3.Site inventory
4.Site analysis
Topic review
Site planning process:
1.Programming
2.Site selection
3.Site inventory Site assessment
4.Site analysis phase
Programming
Project’s objectives and functional requirements,
including the proposed activities, area allocated
for each activity, and the functional or spatial
relationships among those activities.
Site assessment Phases
• Site selection
• Site inventory
• Site analysis
Site Selection
Land development typically occurs in one of two ways:
1.Clients have a site and choose a program to develop on that
site.
2.Clients have a program of intended uses and need a site for
those uses.
Identifying and evaluating alternative sites and selecting the best

location for the intended program.
Site inventory
1. Site inventory—mapping the site’s physical,
biological, and cultural attributes—is not a site
analysis.
2. Collectively, the features of the site and its
surroundings, in conjunction with the project’s
program, determine the attribute data that are
collected for the site inventory.
Site analysis
Summarizes the site’s suitability for the
programmed uses.
Analyze the site suitability for a specific project is a
function of the site’s assets and liabilities—or
opportunities and constraints.
Site analysis
The assets (opportunities) unique natural or
cultural resources that warrant protection.
Enhance the site’s aesthetic quality and contribute
to the site’s sense of place within the community
or region.
Site analysis
The liabilities (constraints)
Site constraints include chemical contamination
from prior commercial or industrial uses and any
other threats for the development.
Site analysis
considers regulatory constraints such as zoning
and other land use controls.
Mapping the site’s opportunities and
constraints is essential for sustainable land
planning and design.
Site inventory
(physical, biological and cultural)
SWOT analysis
(Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats)
PLANNING 1
SITE PLANNING AND
Site selection
Using land efficiently and in accordance
with the site’s suitability for the
intended purposes
a fundamental precept of ‘‘smart’’
growth, or sustainable development.
Site selection scope
The scope or breadth of a site selection
study is a function of project objectives,
project requirements, and spatial extent
of the search. These are discussed in
more detail in the following sections.
Project Objectives
Site selection is an activity conducted for many
purposes.
Although the range of project objectives is broad,

site selection studies can be categorized, based on
proposed land uses or activities, into a relatively
small number of groups
Project Requirements
1.Each project program generates site requirements that must
be met. These may include minimum parcel size, proximity
to transportation and utilities, suitable soils, and many other
parameters.
2.Site criteria first, before choosing identified site.
3.Once the site selection criteria are established, alternative
sites can be identified, evaluated, and compared before
selecting the preferred site.
1. Clarify Project objectives
and requirements
2. Determine site selection
criteria
3. Gather site date and
select potential sites
4. Evaluate each site’s
suitability
5. Rank the evaluated sites
and select the best site
#1 Clarify Project Objectives and
Requirements
The client initiates the project and the site selection
process. Clients include public agencies,
nongovernment organizations, and private businesses.
Public sector projects usually engage multiple
stakeholders in a participatory site selection process.
#1 Clarify Project Objectives and
Requirements
1. Clients have a site and choose a program to

develop on that site.
2. Clients have a program of intended uses and
need a site for those uses.
#2 Determine the Site Selection
Criteria
1. Site suitability is largely a function of the site’s
capacity to provide the conditions necessary for
the proposed uses.
2. Site selection criteria is based on the project
objectives and requirements.
#2 Determine the Site Selection
Criteria
and requirements
criteria
3. Gather site data and
suitability
#3 Identify Potential Sites
On some projects, the client may provide a list of
potential sites for evaluation. In other cases, the
potential sites must be identified.
#4 Evaluate Each Site’s Suitability
Once potential sites have been identified, additional data are needed to
assess each site’s suitability for the proposed project. Some common data
sources include the following:
• Aerial photographs (for example, Google Earth)
• Parcel boundary and tax assessor data
• Highway maps
• Utility maps
• Topographic maps
• Soils maps
• Ground-level photographs showing views on- and off-site
#4 Evaluate Each Site’s Suitability
and requirements
criteria
3. Gather site date and
suitability
#5a Rank the Alternative Sites
Comparing the Suitability of Alternative Sites
By using threshold criteria that reflect the most

important site or contextual attributes, a large number
of potential sites can be initially screened.
If the threshold criteria are adequately met by one or

more sites, the process can proceed to consider other
selection criteria.
Quantitative rating scale with three classes Qualitative or nominal rating scale with 3 classes
• +1 Favorable (meets the objective) • Acceptable
• 0 Neutral • Somewhat acceptable
• 1 Unfavorable (fails to meet the objective) • Unacceptable
Quantitative rating scale with five classes

• 4 = excellent (most desirable/most cost effective)
• 3 = good
• 2 = fair
• 1 = poor
• 0 = unacceptable (least desirable/least cost effective)
#5B Select the Best Site and
Document the Results
A site evaluation report is often prepared to
summarize the site selection process and the
results.
#5B Select the Best Site and
Document the Results
and requirements
criteria
3. Gather site data and
suitability
PLANNING 1
SITE PLANNING AND

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PLANNING 1

SITE PLANNING AND

Site planning process:

Identifying and evaluating alternative sites and selecting the best

Although the range of project objectives is broad,

1. Clients have a site and choose a program to

By using threshold criteria that reflect the most

If the threshold criteria are adequately met by one or

Quantitative rating scale with five classes

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