4/5/23, 8:56 AM ▷ Top 50 React JS Interview Questions And Answers [2023]

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and Answers for freshers and experienced professionals. These React interview questions will
help you to crack the React interview easily. Let's get into them.

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For Beginners
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Top React JS Interview Questions

Below mentioned are the Top Frequently asked to React JS Interview Questions and Answers
that will help you to prepare for the React JS interview. Let's have a look at them.

1. What is React?

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2. Why React is used?

3. How does React work?

4. What are the features of ReactJS?

5. What are the Advantages of React JS?

6. How is React different from Angular JS?

7. How ReactJS framework is different as compared to others?

8. What are the life Cycles of React JS?

9. What is the current stable version of ReactJS?

10. Do you think React JS has any limitations? If so, tell a few?

Top 50 ReactJS Interview Questions And Answers | How T…

T…

React JS Interview Questions and Answers - For

Beginners

1. What is React?

React is a front-end JavaScript library that mainly follows the component-based approach for
building user interface (UI) components for a single page application. It is also used for
handling the view layer in both mobile and web apps. Moreover, react plays a crucial role in
developing interactive mobile and web UIs. It was created and developed by Jordan Walke; it
was deployed first on the Facebook newsfeed in 2011.

2. Why React is used?

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The following reasons make one use React for building User Interfaces (UI), and they are:

Easy to learn nature

Simplicity
High scalability
Increase performance

Related Article: React Tutorial    

3. How does React work?

Below is the sequence of steps which gives an idea about how does react work

Firstly the react runs the diffing algorithm to identify the changes that are made in the
virtual DOM.
The next step is reconciliation, this is used to update the DOM as per the new features.
Now, the virtual DOM, which is lightweight in nature and is detached from the specific
implementation of the browser.
Followingly the ReactElements which are present in virtual DOM are used to build basic
nodes.
Finally, if the ReactComponent changes the state; the diffing algorithm runs faster and
identifies the changes. After identification, it automatically updates the DOM with the
change difference.

4. What are the features of ReactJS?

The features of React JS are as follows:

1. React improves SEO performance

React boost the performance of the SEO to higher levels as a search engine faces the
problem while reading JavaScript of high-loaded applications.

2. React acts as a standard for mobile app development

It provides a transition process as an ideal solution for both mobile and web applications for
building rich user interfaces.

3. React makes the process of writing components easier

Using React along with JSX will make you write components and code efficiently and clearly.

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4. React increases efficiency

React boost the efficiency of components by reusing them. This is the reason why it is
considered an ideal feature of React. It is considered the most reusable system component.

5. React ensures stable code

It ensures the stability of the code of an application by making use of a downward data flow.

Related Article: ReactJS Features

5. What are the Advantages of React JS?

The advantages of React are as follows

Usage of JSX makes it easier to read and write code

Improves the performance of applications with the use of virtual DOM
Provides an easier way to integrate with frameworks
It can be shared and rendered both on server and client-side
Writing integration and unit tests can be made smother by using tools

6. How is React different from AngularJS?

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The following table shows the major difference between AngularJS and React

Factor React JS AngularJS

Usage of DOM Uses virtual DOM Uses real DOM

Uses JavaScript with the Uses TypeScript which is

Language
extended XML syntax the superset of JavaScript

It is represented only using

App Structure Made of Complete MVC
the view of MVC

Data Binding One-way binding Two-way binding

Related Article: Angular vs React

7. How React JS framework is different as compared to others?

Basically, ReactJS is a limited library that builds UI parts, it is essentially not quite the same as
a considerable measure of other JavaScript structures. One common example is AngularJS
approaches building an app simply by expanding HTML markup and infusing different
developments such as controllers at runtime. Therefore, AngularJS is exceptionally obstinate
about the more noteworthy engineering of your application.

8. Does React JS use HTML?

No, It uses JSX which is similar to HTML.

9. What is JSX?

It is basically a novel dialect of the popular JavaScript that simply integrates the HTML
templates into the code of JavaScript. The browser is not capable to read the code simply and
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thus there is a need for this integration. Generally, WebPack or Babel tools are considered for
this task. It has become a very popular approach in the present scenario among developers.

10. What are the life Cycles of ReactJS?

1. Initialization
2. State/Property Updates
3. Destruction

11. When was ReactJS released?

March 2013

12. How is React JS different from Angular JS?

The first difference between both of them is their code dependency. ReactJS depends less on
the code whereas AngularJS needs a lot of coding to be done. The packaging on React is quite
strong as compared to AngularJS. Another difference is React is equipped with Virtual Dom
while Angular has a Regular DOM. ReactJS is all about the components whereas AngularJS
focus mainly on the Models, View as well as on Controllers. AngularJS was developed by
Google while ReactJS is the outcome of Facebook. These are some of the common differences
between the two.

Related Article: Angular Tutorial for Beginners

13. What is Redux?

It is one of the most in-demand libraries for front-end development in today’s growing world.
It is defined as the predictable state container mainly designed for JavaScript apps and also it
is used for managing the entire state of an application. Redux is very small in size and has no
dependencies. It builds applications that are easy to deploy in different environments and
easy to test. Redux is very small in size and has no dependencies.

14. What is the Use of Redux thunk?

Redux thunk acts as middleware which allows an individual to write action creators that
return functions instead of actions. This is also used as a delay function in order to delay the
dispatch of action if a certain condition is met. The two store methods getState() and
dispatch() are provided as parameters to the inner function.

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In order to activate Redux thunk, we must first use applyMiddleware() method as shown
below:

import{ createStore, applyMiddleware } from 'redux';

import thunk from 'redux-thunk';
import rootReducer from './reducers/index';

//Note: this API requires redux@>=3.1.0

const store= createStore(

rootReducer,
applyMiddleware(thunk)
);

15. What do you know about Flux?

Basically, Flux is a basic illustration that is helpful in maintaining the unidirectional data
stream.  It is meant to control construed data's unique fragments to make them interface
with that data without creating issues. Flux configuration is insipid; it's not specific to React
applications, nor is it required to collect a React application.  Flux is basically a
straightforward idea, however, you have to exhibit a profound comprehension of its usage.

16. What is the current stable version of ReactJS?

******Version: 16.12.0 

******Release on: Nov 14, 2019

17. What is the Repository URL of ReactJS?

https://github.com/facebook/react

18. What do you know about the component lifecycle in ReactJS?

The component lifecycle is an essential part of this platform. Basically, they have lifecycle
events that fall in the three prime categories which are property updates, Initialization, and
third is Destruction. They are generally considered as a method of simply managing the state
and properties of every reach component.

19. Do you think React JS has any limitations? If so, tell a few?

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Yes, there are a few drawbacks which are associated with this platform. The leading
drawback of ReactJS is the size of its library. It is very complex and creates a lot of confusion
among the developers. Also, there are lots of developers all over the world who really don’t
like the JSX and inline templating. In addition to this, there is another major limitation of
ReactJS and i.e. only cover one layer of the app and i.e.View. Thus to manage the
development, developers have to depend on several other technologies which consume
time.

Related Article: React Hooks Interview Questions

20. How do the parent and child components exchange information?

This task is generally performed with the help of functions. Actually, there are several
functions that are provided to both parent and child components. They simply make use of
them through props. Their communication should be accurate and reliable. The need for the
same can be there anytime and therefore functions are considered for this task. They always
make sure that information can be exchanged easily and in an efficient manner among the
parent and child components.

21. What is a State in React and How is it used?

In React, State is an object that represents how the component renders and behaves. States
are the sources of data and allow you to create dynamic and interactive components. They
are accessed using this.state(). For changing a value in the state object, call it using
this.setState() method.

22. What are the differences between the Class component and the
Functional component?

Parameter Class Component Functional Component

This component requests

It is just a plain JavaScript
you to extend from React.
function that accepts props
Syntax Component to create
as their arguments and
render function that in turn
returns the react element.
returns a react element

Life cycle hooks Lifecycle hooks are created We cannot use lifecycle
from the React Component. hooks in a functional
This class component component.

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makes lifecycle hooks

available in it.

They are very difficult to They are much easier to

Readability
test and read test and read

Class Component Coding

class App extends Component {

render () {
return (
<Text>Hello World!</Text>
)
}
}

Functional  Component Coding

const PageOne = () => {

return (
<h1>Page One</h1>
);
}

23. What are props in React?

Props stand for properties in React and used for passing the information from one
component to another. But the data with the Props are passed in a unidirectional flow, i.e.,
one way from parent to child. Further, they are read-only data, which means child
components cannot change data coming from the parent.

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24. What are the significant differences between state and props?

The difference between state and props are as follows:

State Props

The state is completely managed within a Props are directly passed to its parents
component for internal communication. with child component.

State can be modified using setState() A particular component should never

method. modify its own props.

State changes can be asynchronous Props are read-only

25. What is the higher-order component?

In ReactJS high order component can be defined as the function that is mainly used to collect
the component and returns a new component. These components are the patterns that are
extracted from React’s compositional nature. One important aspect of this component is that
it is used as a reusable component logic in React. It provides us with the best way to share
behavior between different React components.

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26: How to embed two components in One component?

import React from 'react';

class App extends React.Component{
render(){
return(
<div>
<Header/>
<Content/>
</div>
);
}
}
class Header extends React.Component{
render(){
return(
<div>
<h1> Header</h1>
</div>

)
}
}
class Content extends React.Component{
render(){
return(
<h2>Content</h2>
<p>The Content Text!!!</p>
</div>
)
}
}
export default App;

27. What are Synthetic events in React?

React implements Synthetic events to improve the consistency and performance of

applications and interfaces. The synthetic event is a cross-browser wrapper around the

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browser’s native event. It combines the behavior of multiple browsers into a single API to
make sure events have the same properties across different browsers and platforms.

React JS Interview Questions for Experienced

28. Give one basic difference between pros and state?

Pros are immutable while the state is mutable. Both of them can update themselves easily.

29. How do you tell React to build in Production mode and what will that do?

Ordinarily, you'd utilize Webpack's DefinePlugin strategy to set NODE_ENV to production. This
will strip out things like prototype approval and additional notices. Over that, it's likewise a
smart thought to minify your code in light of the fact that React utilizes Uglify's dead-code
end to strip out advancement just code and remarks, which will radically diminish the
measure of your package. 

30. What do you understand with the term polling?

The server needs to be monitored for updates with respect to time. The primary aim in most
cases is to check whether novel comments are there or not. This process is basically
considered pooling. It checks for updates approximately every 5 seconds. It is possible to
change this time period easily. Pooling help keep an eye on the users and always make sure
that no negative information is present on the servers. Actually, it can create issues related to
several things, and thus pooling is considered.

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31. When would you use a Class Component over a Functional Component?

If your component has a state or a lifecycle method(s), use a Class component. or else, use a
Functional component.

32. What do you mean by virtual DOM?

For all the available DOM objects in ReactJS, there is a parallel virtual DOM object. It is
nothing but can be considered as the lighter version of the true copy and is powerful in
eliminating the complex code. It is also used as a Blue Print for performing several basic
experiments. Many developers also use it while practicing this technology.

33. Compare MVC with Flux?

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MVC approaches are presently considered as outdated. Although they are capable to handle
data concerns, controllers as well as UI, many developers found that it doesn’t properly work
when application size increases. However, they are capable to handle some of the key issues
such as eliminating the lack of data integrity as well as managing the data flow which is not
properly defined. On the other side, Flux works perfectly with all the sizes irrespective of their
size.

34. What’s the difference between an Element and a Component in React?

Basically, a React component describes what you need to see on the screen. Not all that
basically, a React element is a protest portrayal of some UI. 

A React component is a function or a class that alternatively acknowledges input and returns
a React component (ordinarily by means of JSX which gets transpiled to a createElement
invocation). 

35. Tell us three reasons behind the success of ReactJS?

ReactJS is a technology that can be trusted for complex tasks. While performing any task
through it, developers need not worry about the bugs. It always ensures error-free outcomes
and the best part is it offers scalable apps. It is a very fast technology and can simply be
trusted for quality outcomes.

36. In which lifecycle event do you make AJAX requests and why?

AJAX solicitations ought to go in the componentDidMount lifecycle event. 

There are a couple of reasons behind this, 

Fiber, the following usage of React's reconciliation algorithm, will be able to begin and quit
rendering as required for execution benefits. One of the exchange offs of this is
componentWillMount, the other lifecycle event where it may bode well to influence an AJAX
to ask for will be "non-deterministic". This means React may begin calling
componentWillMount at different circumstances at whenever point it senses that it needs to.
This would clearly be a bad formula for AJAX requests. 

You can't ensure the AJAX request won't resolve before the component mounts. In the event
that it did, that would imply that you'd be attempting to setState on an unmounted
component, which won't work, as well as React will holler at you for. Doing AJAX in
componentDidMount will ensure that there's a component to update.

37. What is the difference between createElement and cloneElement?

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createElement is the thing that JSX gets transpiled to and is the thing that React uses to make
React Elements (protest representations of some UI). cloneElement is utilized as a part of a
request to clone a component and pass it new props. They nailed the naming on these two.

38. What is meant by event handling?

To capture the user’s information and other similar data, the event handling system is
considered. It is generally done through DOM elements that are present in the code. This
task is simple to accomplish. Two-way communication is considered in this approach.

39. What is the second argument that can optionally be passed to setState
and what is its purpose?

A callback work will be conjured when setState has completed and the part is re-rendered. 
Something that is not talked about a great deal is that setState is asynchronous, which is the
reason it takes in a moment callback function. Ordinarily, it's best to utilize another lifecycle
strategy instead of depending on this callback function, however, it's great to know it exists.

Class Training extends Course

{
this.state = {
sampleItem: 'learn',
}
handleChange = (event) => {
console.log(this.state.sampleItem)
this.setState({
sampleItem: event.target.value //event.target.value = Welcome
}, () => console.log(this.state.sampleItem))
};

Output:

Learn

Welcome

40. How many outermost elements can be there in a JSX expression?

It must have one JSX element present so that the task can be accomplished easily. Having
more than one expression is not an issue but probably it will slow down the process. There

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are also chances of confusion with more than one expression if you are new to this
technology.

41. What are controlled and uncontrolled components?

There are components in the ReactJS that maintain their own internal state. They are
basically considered uncontrolled components. On the other side, the components which
don’t maintain any internal state are considered as controlled components in ReactJS.
Controlled components can easily be controlled by several methods. Most of the React
components are controlled components.

42. Mention the key benefits of Flux?

Applications that are built on Flux have components that can simply be tested. By simply
updating the store, developers are able to manage and test any react component. It cut down
the overall risk of data affection. All the applications are highly scalable and suffer no
compatibility issues.

43. What's wrong with the following code?

this.setState{(prevState, props)=>
{
return {
streak: prevState.streak+props.count
}
})

Nothing isn't right with it. It's once in a while utilized and not outstanding, but rather you can
likewise pass a function to setState that gets the past state and props and returns another
state, similarly as we're doing above. Furthermore, is nothing amiss with it, as well as
effectively recommended in case you're setting state in light of the previous state.

44. Why browsers cannot read JSX?

Actually, JSX is not considered proper JavaScript. Browsers cannot read them simply. There is
always a need to compile the files that contain JavaScript Code. This is usually done with the
help of the JSX compiler which performs its task prior to the file entering the browser. Also,
compiling is not possible in every case. It depends on a lot of factors such as the source or
nature of the file or data.

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45. What are pure Functional Components?

Traditional React Components as we have seen so far are making a class with class Example
extends React.Component or React.createClass(). These make stateful components on the off
chance that we at any point set the state (i.e. this.setState(), getInitialState(), or this.state = {}
inside a constructor()). 

In the event that we have no expectation for a Component to require state, or to require
lifecycle methods, we can really compose Components with a pure function, consequently
the expression "pure function Component":

function Date(props)
{
let {msg="The date is:"} = props
let now = new Date()
return <div>
<span> {msg}</span>
<time> {now.toLocaleDateString()}</time>
</div>

This function that returns a React Element can be used wherever we see fit:

DOM.render(<div> <Date msg="Today is"/></div>)

You might notice that also takes a prop – we can still pass information into the Component.

46. What is the difference between Real DOM and virtual DOM?

DOM stands for Document Object Model. It allows scripts and programs to dynamically
access and updates the content, structure, and style of a document. DOM is an
abstraction of a structured code called HTML, also described as HTML DOM.
Virtual DOM
is a lightweight Javascript object, which is the copy of the representation of a DOM
object. It is an abstraction of HTML DOM. Virtual is quite faster compared to DOM,
performs its tasks reliably.

Virtual DOM Real DOM

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Updates faster Updates slower

No memory wastage Excess memory wastage

Can't update HTML directly Update HTML directly

DOM manipulation is easy DOM manipulation costly

47. What happens during the lifecycle of a React component?

A standout amongst the most valuable parts of React is its segment lifecycle — so seeing
precisely how segments components after some time is instrumental in building a viable
application.

48. What exactly you can do if the expression contains more than one line?

In such a situation, enclosing the multi-line JSX expression is an option. If you are a first-time
user, it may seem awkward but later you can understand everything very easily. Many times
it becomes necessary to avoid multi-lines to perform the task reliably and for getting the
results as expected.

49. Is it possible to use the word “Class” in JSX. Why or why not?

No, it is not possible in the JSX. This is because the word “Class” is a reticent (occupied) word
in JavaScript. However, you can use you are free to use the word “ClassName”. If you use the
word “Class” the JSX will be translated to JavaScript immediately.

a) High-Level Component Lifecycle:

At the highest level, React components have lifecycle events that fall into 3 general
classifications: 

1. Initialization
2. State/Property Updates
3. Destruction

Each React component defines these events as a system for dealing with its properties, state,
and rendered output. Some of these events just happen once, others happen more as often
as possible; understanding these 3 general classes should help you clearly visualize when
certain logic required to be applied.

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For instance, a component may need to add an event audience to the DOM when it initially
mounts. In any case, it ought to likely expel those event listeners when the component
unmounts from the DOM with the goal that not relevant handling doesn't occur.

class MyComponent extends React.Component{

//when the component is added to the DOM...
componentDidMount(){
window.addEventListener('resize',this.onResizeHandler);
}
//when the component is removed from the DOM...
componentWillmount(){
window.addEventListener('resize',this.onResizeHandler);
}

onResizeHandler(){
console.log('The window has been resized!');
}
}

b) Low-Level Component Lifecycle:

Inside these 3 general buckets exist various particular lifecycle hooks — basically unique
techniques - that can be used by any React component to all the more precisely manage
updates. Seeing how and when these hooks fire is vital to building stable components and
will empower you to control the rendering procedure (enhancing execution). 

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Observe the diagram above. The events under "Initialization" just happen when a component
is first initialized or added to the DOM. Thus, the events under "Devastation" just happen
once (when the component is expelled from the DOM). However, the events under "Update"
happen each time the properties or state of the component change. 

For instance, components will naturally re-render themselves whenever their properties or
states change. However, at times a component should not update - so keeping the
component from re-rendering may enhance the execution of our application.

class MyComponent extends React.Component{

//only re-render if the ID has changed!
shouldComponentUpdate(nextProps, nextState;
}
}

50. What do you know about React Router?

Rendering the components is an important task in ReactJS. React router is used to decide
which components are to be rendered and which ones should not. It also performs dictation
during several activities.

51. Compare Flux vs MVC

Conventional MVC designs have functioned admirably to separate the worries of data
(Model), UI (View) and logic (Controller) — however many web engineers have found
impediments with that approach as applications develop in measure. In particular, MVC
architectures as often as possible experience 2 primary issues:

Ineffectively defined data flow: The cascading updates which happen crosswise over
perspectives frequently prompt a tangled web of events that are hard to debug. 

Lack of data integrity: Model data can be changed from any place, yielding erratic results
over the UI.

With the Flux pattern complex, UIs never again experience the ill effects of cascading
updates; any given React component will have the capacity to recreate its state in light of the
information given by the store. The flux pattern likewise upholds data integrity by limiting
direct access to the shared data.

While a technical interview, it is awesome to talk about the contrasts between the Flux and
MVC configuration designs inside the setting of a particular illustration: 
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For instance, imagine we have a "master/detail" UI in which the client can choose a record
from a rundown (master view) and alter it utilizing an auto-populated form (detail view). 

With an MVC architecture, the data contained inside the Model is shared between both the
master and detail views. Each of these perspectives may have its own particular Controller
assigning updates between the Model and the View. Anytime the information contained
inside the Model may be updated — and it's hard to know where precisely that change
happened. Did it occur in one of the Views sharing that Model, or in one of the Controllers?
Since the Model's information can be transformed by any performing artist in the application,
the danger of information contamination in complex UIs is more prominent than we'd like. 

With a Flux architecture, the Store data is correspondingly shared between different Views.
However this data can't be straightforwardly changed — the greater part of the solicitations
to update the data must go through the Action > Dispatcher chain first, eliminating the risk of
arbitrary data pollution. At the point when refreshes are made to the data, it's presently
significantly less demanding to find the code requesting for those progressions.

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52. What are the stateless components?

On the off chance that Reacts components are basically state machines that produce UI
markup, at that point what are stateless segments? 

Stateless components (a kind of "reusable" components) are simply pure functions that
render DOM construct exclusively with respect to the properties given to them. 

As you can see, this component has no requirement for any internal state — not to mention a
constructor or lifecycle handlers. The yield of the component is absolutely a function of the
properties gave to it.

53. What is one of the core types in React?

ReactNode

54. What is redux? 

A method of handling the state (or data) of an application.

55. Is it possible to display props on a parent component?

Yes, it is possible. The best way to perform this task is by using the spread operator. It can
also be done by listing the properties but this is a complex process.
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56. In ReactJS, why there is a need to capitalize on the components?

It is necessary because components are not the DOM element but they are constructors. If
they are not capitalized, they can cause various issues and can confuse developers with
several elements. At the same time, the problem of integration of some elements and
commands can be there.

57. What are Synthetic events in React?

React implements Synthetic events to improve the consistency and performance of

applications and interfaces. The synthetic event is a cross-browser wrapper around the
browser’s native event. It combines the behavior of multiple browsers into a single API to
make sure events have the same properties across different browsers and platforms.

58. Explain DOM diffing?

When the components are rendered twice, Virtual Dom begins checking the modifications
elements have got. They represent the changed element on the page simply. There are
several other elements that don’t go through changes. To cut down the changes to the DOM
as an outcome of user activities, DOM doffing is considered. It is generally done to boost the
performance of the browser. This is the reason for its ability to perform all the tasks quickly.

59. Is it possible to nest JSX elements into other JSX elements? 

It is possible. The process is quite similar to that of nesting the HTML elements. However,
there are certain things that are different in this. You must be familiar with the source and
destination elements to perform this task simply.

React JS Quiz questions

Warm up your Interview preparation with us. Take a quiz and break the buzz.

1. Which of the below accurately describes React.js's name?

React

React.js

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ReactJS

All of the above

2. What command should I use to install create-react-app?

npm install -g create-react-app

npm install create-react-app

npm install -g create-react-app

install -g create-react-app

3. What command should I use to install create-react-app?

Original DOM

Virtual DOM

Both A and B.

None of the above.

4. A class is a type of function, but which keyword should we use to start it instead of
function?

Constructor

Class

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Object

DataObject

5. Which of the following is a class-based component's input?

Class

Factory

Render

Props

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Pranaya Pathpi

Pranaya is working as a Content Writer at Mindmajix. She is a technology enthusiast and

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