Lesson 9 - Exploring Z Scores

Grade 11
Lesson 8
How do you identify the area
between these regions
How do you identify the area of
this region
this region
this region
Lesson 9
Did you take your National Career Assessment
Examination (NCAE) on your Grade 9?
How about the National Achievement

Test on your Grade 6 and 10?
1. distinguish a normal score (x) and the standard
score (z);
2. express normal random variable (x) as a
standard normal variable (z) and vice-versa
3. apply the concepts of normal random and
standard normal variables in solving real-life
problems.
When you standardize a normal distribution, the
mean becomes 0 (𝜇 = 0) and the standard
deviation becomes 1 (𝜎 = 1) .
If each data value of a normally distributed random variable x is

transformed into a z - score,
the result will be the standard normal distribution.
There are situations when the data need to be
converted into a standard form to be meaningful.
This is where the use of Z is practical.

The z-score serves this function.
The Intelligence
quotient scores for
people are normally
distributed with a mean of
100 and a standard
deviation of 16. What
would be the
z-score corresponding
Bettina’s IQ score of 120?
• Mean
𝜇 = 100
• Standard Deviation
𝜎 = 16
The Intelligence quotient scores for people are normally
distributed with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 16.
What would be the z-score corresponding Bettina’s IQ score of 120?
Normal Distribution Standard Normal Distribution
52 68 84 100 116 132 148 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
Normal Score (x) Standard Score (z)

120 ?
How can you identify what is the equivalent standard score (z) for a normal score
(x) of 120 in the given situation?
Standard Score (z)
• A z-score is a measure of the number of

standard deviations (σ) a particular data value
is away from the mean (μ).
• It is the distance between a given score and

the mean.
• It is a measure of relative standing
• It is a standard deviation value.

Standard Score (z)
• Can be obtained by subtracting the mean

ത from a specific normal score (x), and
(𝜇) 𝑜𝑟 (𝑋)
then dividing the result by the standard
deviation (𝜎) 𝑜𝑟 (𝑠)
• To convert a normal score (x) to a standard score (z)
X−μ • X is the normal score

z= • 𝝁 is the population mean
𝝈 is the population standard deviation
σ •
What would be the z-score corresponding Bettina’s IQ score
of 120?
• Mean 𝜇 = 100 • Normal
Score
𝑋 = 120
• Standard Deviation 𝜎 = 16
X−μ 120 − 100 20
z= = = z = 1.25
σ 16 16
Bettina’s IQ of 120 corresponds to a z-score of 1.25
120 1.25
For every X value, there corresponds a z-value;
and for each z-value, there corresponds one X value
01
Converting Normal to Standarad score

Given the 𝜇 = 62 and 𝜎 = 8, find the
corresponding z-score of the following
normal score.
1. 𝑋 = 78
2. 𝑋 = 82
3. 𝑋 = 50
4. 𝑋 = 42
X 𝜇 𝜎 Z
1. 50 45 3.5
2. 83 75 1.9
3. 48 3 -2
4. 67 2.5 1.2
X 𝜇 𝜎 Z
1. 50 45 3.5
X−μ 50 − 45
z= =
σ 3.5
5
=
3.5
𝑧 = 1.43
X 𝜇 𝜎 Z
2. 83 75 1.9
X−μ 83 − 75
z= 1.9 =
σ σ
8 1.9σ 8
Cross multiplication 1.9 = =
σ 1.9 1.9
1.9σ = 8 σ = 4.21
X 𝜇 𝜎 Z
3. 48 3 -2
X−μ X − 48 Cross multiplication
z= −2 =
σ 3
−6 = 𝑋 − 48
−6 + 48 = 𝑋
𝑋 = 42
X 𝜇 𝜎 Z
4. 67 2.5 1.2
X−μ 67 − μ
z= 1.2 = Cross multiplication
σ 2.5
3 = 67 − μ
μ = 67 − 3
μ = 64
Complete the table
X 𝜇 𝜎 Z
1. 90 82 6
2. 75 10 -1.3
3. 78 84 -2
4. 69 3 1
5. 70 12 5
The z-values are matched with specific
areas under the normal curve in a
Z-table.
These areas depict PROBABILITY.
Therefore it is possible to find the

percentage or proportion associated
with a normal score (x)
Suppose the municipal health officer of Puerto Galera
reported that the average COVID-19 positive for 40
days is 10 patients with a standard deviation of 6
patients.
1. What is the z score of 18 patients?
𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 = 10 𝑆𝐷 = 6 𝑥 = 18
X−μ 18 − 10 8
z= = = z = 1.33
σ 6 6
Suppose the municipal health officer of Puerto Galera reported that the
average COVID-19 positive for 40 days is 10 patients with a standard
deviation of 6 patients.
2. What is the probability that between 5 to 10 patients will be

positive for COVID-19?
𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 = 10 𝑆𝐷 = 6 𝑥 = 5
X−μ 5 − 10 −5
z= = =
σ 6 6
z = −0.83
−𝟎. 𝟖𝟑
2. What is the probability that between 5 to 10 patients will be
𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 = 10 𝑆𝐷 = 6 𝑥 = 5
X−μ 6 − 10 −5
z= =
6
= 0.2969
σ 6
z = −0.83
−𝟎. 𝟖𝟑
𝑃 −0.83 < 𝑧 < 0 = 0.2969
There is 29.69% that more 5-10
𝑜𝑟 29.69% patients will be positive for COVID 19.
Suppose the municipal health officer of Puerto Galera reported that the
average COVID-19 positive for 40 days is 10 patients with a standard
deviation of 6 patients.
3. What is the probability that more than 25 patients will be

𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 = 10 𝑆𝐷 = 6 𝑥 = 25
X−μ 25 − 10 15
z= = =
0.4938
σ 6 6
z = 2.50
𝟐. 𝟓
3. What is the probability that more than 25 patients will be
𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 = 10 𝑆𝐷 = 6 𝑥 = 25
X−μ 25 − 10 15
z= = =
0.4938 σ 6 6
z = 2.50
𝟐. 𝟓
𝑃 𝑧 > 2.50 = 0.5000 − 0.4938 = 0.0062 𝑜𝑟 0.62%

There is 0.62% that more than 25 patients will be positive for COVID 19.
02
Problem-Solving
The average number of calories in a 1.8-ounce chocolate
bar is 230. Suppose that the distribution of calories is
approximately normal with a standard deviation of 10.
1. Find the probability that a randomly selected

chocolate bar will have less than 200 calories.
2. Find the probability that a randomly selected

chocolate bar will have greater than 195 calories.
3. What is the percentage that a cholate bar is

randomly selected between 200 calories and 250
calories?
Scores of 2000 takers of civil service exam are
normally distributed, with a mean of 75 and a
standard deviation of 6.5.
1. What proportion of the students

got a score between 75 and 86?
2. What proportion of the students
got a score below 70?
3. How many takers from 2000 got
a score above 85?
Five hundred children participated in a field
demonstration. Their heights averaged 110
cm with a standard deviation of 6cm.
1. What is the probability that a child picked

at random has a height greater than
116cm?
2. What is the probability that the height of a
child picked at random is less than 104 cm?
3. How many children have heights between
98cm and 104 cm?
Thanks!
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Grade 11

How about the National Achievement

If each data value of a normally distributed random variable x is

This is where the use of Z is practical.

52 68 84 100 116 132 148 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

Normal Score (x) Standard Score (z)

• A z-score is a measure of the number of

• It is the distance between a given score and

• It is a measure of relative standing

• It is a standard deviation value.

• Can be obtained by subtracting the mean

• To convert a normal score (x) to a standard score (z)

X−μ • X is the normal score

Converting Normal to Standarad score

Therefore it is possible to find the

1. What is the z score of 18 patients?

2. What is the probability that between 5 to 10 patients will be

3. What is the probability that more than 25 patients will be

𝑃 𝑧 > 2.50 = 0.5000 − 0.4938 = 0.0062 𝑜𝑟 0.62%

1. Find the probability that a randomly selected

2. Find the probability that a randomly selected

3. What is the percentage that a cholate bar is

1. What proportion of the students

1. What is the probability that a child picked

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