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Conic Section Locus Focus Eccentricity Directrix

A conic section is the locus of points where the ratio of the distance to a fixed point (focus) and a fixed line (directrix) is a constant (eccentricity). The three types of conic sections are parabolas, ellipses, and hyperbolas. A parabola is the set of all points equidistant from a fixed point (focus) and line (directrix), with properties including having an axis perpendicular to the directrix through the focus and a vertex where it intersects the axis.

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John Ahmir Lawas
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53 views21 pages

Conic Section Locus Focus Eccentricity Directrix

A conic section is the locus of points where the ratio of the distance to a fixed point (focus) and a fixed line (directrix) is a constant (eccentricity). The three types of conic sections are parabolas, ellipses, and hyperbolas. A parabola is the set of all points equidistant from a fixed point (focus) and line (directrix), with properties including having an axis perpendicular to the directrix through the focus and a vertex where it intersects the axis.

Uploaded by

John Ahmir Lawas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPSX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CONIC SECTION

• set (locus) of all points such that each


point’s distance from a fixed point
(focus) is in a constant ratio
(eccentricity) to its distance from a
fixed line (directrix)
If

= distance between the focus and


point on the conic section
= distance between the point and
the directrix

then
Classes of Conic Sections

1. Parabola

2. Ellipse ;

circle

3. Hyperbola
Parabola

• set of all points in the plane equidistant


from the focus and the directrix
Properties of Parabola

• The line through the focus


perpendicular to the directrix is called
the axis of the parabola.

• A parabola is symmetric with respect to


its axis.
Properties of Parabola

• The point of intersection of the


parabola and its axis is the vertex of
the parabola.

• The line segment (whose endpoints are


on the parabola) through
perpendicular to the axis is called the
latus rectum.
General Equation of Parabola

(axis is vertical)

(axis is horizontal)
Standard Equation of Parabola

Let
= distance between and
and
= vertex of the parabola
Standard Equation of Parabola

axis is vertical
and parabola is opening upward

axis is vertical
and parabola is opening downward
Standard Equation of Parabola

axis is horizontal
and parabola is opening to the right

axis is horizontal
and parabola is opening to the left
Standard Equation of Parabola

Note:
= length of the latus rectum

= distance of the vertex to focus or


directrix

= distance of the endpoints of the latus


rectum from focus
Exercise

1. Find the vertex, focus, endpoints of the latus


rectum, equation of the axis and the
directrix. Graph the conic.

a.

b.

2. Given and , find the equation of the


parabola.
Exercise

3. Find the standard equation of the parabola


which satisfies the given condition:
a. Vertex and focus
b. Vertex and focus

4. Find the equation of the parabola with


vertical axis and passing through the
points , and .
Exercise

5. Find the equation of each parabola.


a. directrix is above the vertex and and are
endpoints of the latus rectum
b. the point is the focus and the line is the
directrix
c. passes through , vertex is on the line ,
axis is vertical, and length of latus rectum
is
d. through the point , vertex at and axis is
horizontal
Exercise

6. Given , a horizontal axis, and a point on the


parabola, find the equation of the parabola.

7. If a baseball that is hit follows a parabolic


path 200 feet wide at the base and 50 feet
high at the center, find the equation of the
parabola that gives the path of the baseball.
Let the origin be the point of departure of
the ball.
Exercise

8. A parabolic antenna pointed vertically


upward is 6 feet across the top and 3 feet at
the center. Find the equation of the antenna
and the distance of the focus from the
lowest point.
Exercise

9. A point moves in the coordinate plane such


that its distance from the point and its
distance from the y-axis are equal. Find the
equation of the path of the point. Graph.
Exercise

10. The parabolic arch in a concrete bridge


must have a clearance of 50 feet above the
water and span a distance of 200 feet.
What is the maximum height above water
of an object that can pass through 50 feet
to the right or left of the center?
Exercise

11. A signal light on a ship is a spotlight with


parallel reflected light rays. Suppose the
parabolic reflector is 12 inches in diameter
and the light source is located at the focus,
which is 1.5 inches from the vertex.
Determine the depth of the reflector.
Exercise

12. When the load is uniformly distributed, the


cable of a suspension bridge hangs in the
shape of an arc of a parabola. The
supporting towers are 60 feet high and 500
feet apart, and the lowest point on the
cable is 10 feet above the roadway. Using
the floor of the bridge as the x-axis and the
axis of symmetry of the parabola as the y-
axis, a) find the equation of the parabola, b)
find the length of a supporting rod 80 feet
from the center of the bridge.
Exercise

13. Assume that water issuing from the end of


a horizontal pipe 25 feet above the ground
describes a parabolic curve, the vertex of
the parabola being at the end of the pipe. If
at a point 8 feet below the line of the pipe
the flow of water has curved outward 10
feet beyond a vertical line through the end
of the pipe, how far beyond this vertical
line will the water strike the ground?

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