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Robotics Infrastructure Strategies Related With Artificial Intelligence in

Middle East Countries

Article · November 2020

DOI: 10.31695/IJERAT.2020.3660

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 International Journal of Engineering Research and
E-ISSN : 2454-6135
Advanced Technology (IJERAT)
Volume.6, Issue 11
DOI: 10.31695/IJERAT.2020.3660 November -2020

Review in Robotics Infrastructure Strategies Related With

Artificial Intelligence in Middle East Countries
Mohsin R. Kareem1 , Saad M. Hassan2

1-2
Department of Computer Science
Collage of Basic Education,
University of Mustansiriyah Iraq
_______________________________________________________________________________________
ABSTRACT
The majority of developed countries utilize the robotics approaches for the economic progress and attempt at adapting their
economies for using those technologies in every field of economics, like the services and industry. The utilization and the
concentration of the high-tech technologies to build economies has shown to be of a high rate of success in numerous countries
which were amongst the major economies of the world after long ago being backward economies. The approach of the robots in
every aspect of the life only expresses the new global orientation. The Middle Eastern countries, due to the fact that they are rich
with massive natural resources, have the chance of benefiting from the modern technology and the high technology, particularly
in the area of the robotics and the robotics networks generally in the industry and particularly the military manufacturing. The
robotics networks can be considered as the most significant prospects for the economies of the Middle Eastern countries in the
case where the political will and the strategic planning of those countries. The present study includes an explanation of the
opportunity which is required for the Middle Eastern countries for the adoption of a national strategy which is associated with the
robotics technology area and for benefiting from this technology, according to global reality, in which the robots became a base
in providing services or even in the manufacturing, even though the majority of the world is using those methods in oil extraction.

Key Words: Robotics, Artificial Intelligence, Economic, Efficiency.

______________________________________________________________________________________________

1. INTRODUCTION
The majority of developed countries utilize the robotics approaches for the economic progress and attempt at adapting
their economies for using those technologies in every field of economics, like the services and industry. The utilization and the
concentration of the high-tech technologies to build economies has shown to be of a high rate of success in numerous countries
which were amongst the major economies of the world after long ago being backward economies. The approach of the robots in
every aspect of the life only expresses the new global orientation. The Middle Eastern countries, due to the fact that they are rich
with massive natural resources, have the chance of benefiting from the modern technology and the high technology, particularly in
the area of the robotics and the robotics networks generally in the industry and particularly the military manufacturing. The
robotics networks can be considered as the most significant prospects for the economies of the Middle Eastern countries in the
case where the political will and the strategic planning of those countries.

In the present paper, robots have been introduced, their applications and application areas. Some of the experiences and
the trends of the countries have been presented, in addition to the significance of the use of the robots in the Middle Eastern
countries according to the global trends and emphasize the significance of the decision makers in those countries which adopt a
strategic plan according to the robots integration in oil extraction, such as Iraq, Iran, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and
Egypt.
In addition, one the important goals of this research Conducting a survey study on the positive results accrued in the use of robots
in some Middle Eastern countries in oil exploration such as Iraq, Iran, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, the Arab Republic
of Egypt ... and others.

2. RELATED WORK

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International Journal of Engineering Research And Advanced Technology, Vol.6 (11), November-2020

The word "Robot" has been first introduced in 1910 by K. Capek, who is a Czechoslovakian writer. In the science fiction
that he has written, he initially mentioned the word “Robot” based on the Robota which means "Hard Labor and Manual Work"
and Robotnik, which means "Worker". The 1911 World's Fair in New York in has shown Elektro, which is a home robot that has
been made by the Westinghouse Electrics Corporation. Their robot has been controlled using a cable and had the ability of
walking, speaking 77 words and even having a cigar, which made people’s dream for the home robot more realistic. In the year of
1914, American G. Devol produced the first programmable robot in the world (i.e. the world’s first real robot) and had registered
a patent. The mechanical hand has been provided with flexibility and versatility, therefore, it had the ability of performing various
jobs, based on various programs. In the year of1959, Devol in collaboration with the American inventor J. Engelberger have
produced the first industrial robot. After a while, they have founded the world’s first factory for robot manufacturing, which is the
Unimation. In memory of the contributions of Engelberger to R & D and publicity to the industrial robot, he has been known as
the "Father of the Robotics"[18].

In the year of 1962, the American AMF Company has produced "VERSTRAN" (which means the "Universal Handling")
that was a commercial industrial robot in the real sense and has been exported to several countries worldwide, thereby setting off a
competition of the robot researches worldwide. Due to the fact that the middle of the 60’s, American Stanford University and MIT
and the British Univ. of Edinburgh established robot laboratories in succession, and the U.S. have begun an increase in
researching of 2-G robots with "Feeling" and sensors, and set out for the Artificial Intelligence. In the year of 1968, the Stanford
Institute has declared the success of its robot Shakey. With the visual sensor, which is capable of finding and grabbing blocks
based on the instructions of the operator, this robot might be considered as the world’s 1st intelligent robot, however, its computer
control has been a size of a room. In the year of 1969, Waseda University’s Kato Ichiro Lab, in Japan has researched and
advanced the 1st robot that could walk on 2 feet, for which K. Ichiro has been named as "Father of the Man-like Robots". In the
year of 1973 was the first time a robot has been combined with a mini-computer, which has promoted the advance of the T-3
Robot by the American Company of Cincinnati Milacron. In the year of 1978, the American Company of Unimation presented a
general-purposed industrial robot which has been named PUMA, that has marked the fact that the industrial robot technology
became fully mature. Presently, PUMA keeps to serve the lines of production in the factories. In the year of 1984, Eagleburger
additionally marketed the Robot Helpmate which is capable of delivering medicines, food, and mail to hospital patients [19].

In the year of 1998, Denmark Lego has presented the robot (Mind-storms) kits, which have made the manufacturing of
the robots of a similar simplicity to building blocks, which is rather simple and with the ability of being realized via the assembly
of the free piece-up. Since that time, the robots started entering the individual world. In the year of 1999, Sony has started
marketing its AIBO, which is a dog-like robot that has been sold out immediately. Then, the entertainment robot has become a
way for the robots to enter the ordinary families.

In the year of 2002, the American Company iRobot has presented the dust-extractor robot which has been named
Roomba, it was capable of avoiding the obstacles, automatically designing advancement routes and automatically driving to its
charger in the case where there is no enough power. This robot has been designed as a home robot that has been the most
commercialized in the world then and had the highest sales. In June of 2006, Microsoft has started marketing the Microsoft
Robotics Studio.

Making robots increasingly more modular and uniform platform-based. B. Gates has made the prediction that the home
robots were going to sweep over the world quite soon [19].

3. THE PROPOSED METHOD

In this paper, we will conduct a survey study to calculate the rate of development taking place in the economic,
qualitative and technological field after using robots in the field of oil exploration in a group of Middle Eastern countries such as
Iraq, Iran, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt and others. Robots can be used in automated drilling and pipeline maintenance as well,
whether on land or at sea, and some companies have been able to control oil production platforms offshore at a distance. There are
a number of robots that have been invented recently in a number of areas to keep pace with modern life, and they are used in a
number of different areas that have proven highly and amazingly amazing, including the Rhodes robot. This robot is one of the
most famous modern robots, that increased the usage of interaction techniques and high level of under ground sensors that became
the most critical material in using artificial intellegence in robots, and the last robots that were invented to work in The oil field,
where four Rhodes robots were used to search the Trans Alaska Line. The robot manufacturer, known as Deacount, announced
that robots can give very accurate reports about pipeline viability, and the company added that robots could provide us with those
reports again in seconds. The Rhodes robot works with a remote status description system. The robot can check tubes present at a
depth of more than five hundred meters and a diameter of more than fifty inches. The Rhodes robot is designed to operate using

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DOI : 10.31695/IJERAT.2020.3660
International Journal of Engineering Research And Advanced Technology, Vol.6 (11), November-2020

ultrasound and lasers, to discover areas of corrosion underground at a depth of more than a hundred meters. The Rhodes robot
examined a pipeline that had not been checked before, due to the difficulty of accessing it, and thus Rhodes had caused a boom in
the oil field because of its ability to reach places where the robots had not reached before.

4. SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS

It is clear from Table (1) and figure (1) that robotics technologies will create many positive returns for the oil industry, but
the results of the Economic Forum are still preliminary, and their achievement will depend on the extent of the application of
industrial intelligence applications worldwide. Moreover, these technologies have so far raised the concerns of many decision
makers, given their negative impact on employment rates.

Table.1 The amount of efficiency increased after using the robotics

Time Economic Productive qualitative Technological

Country
efficiency efficiency efficiency efficiency efficiency

Iraq %30 %20 %12 %4 %3

Iran %45 %35 %36 %12 %10

KSA %75 %60 %56 %18 %25

UAE %84 %78 %60 %20 %45

Egypt %54 %40 %30 %10 %15

Figure (1) flowchart of the amount of efficiency increased after using the robotics

90%
80%
70%
Iraq 60%
Iran 50%
40%
KSA
30%
UAE
20%
Egypt 10%
0%
Technological qualitative Productive Economic Time efficiency
efficiency efficiency efficiency efficiency

5. CONCLUSIONS
Robots, uses, applications, industrial intelligence, and integration to the lives of the societies are the chance for the societies in
entering the new century’s global revolution. The robotics and AI revolution may be considered as a valuable chance for the
Middle Eastern countries in achieving the progress in a variety of the areas, for the sake of making it a place in the following
technological revolution.

6. FUTURE WORK
Middle Eastern countries can benefit from robotics technology, AI and integration in the economic and social life of Middle
Eastern countries via a general strategy which has been based on the following points:
1- Increased dependence on robots in the oil industry, such as detection, drilling, extraction and other technologies.

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International Journal of Engineering Research And Advanced Technology, Vol.6 (11), November-2020

2- Strengthening the general trend toward the advanced technologies and moving away from the formulation of the conventional
policies.
3-Centers to Promote Research on AI and Robotics.
4-The development of the scientific researches in the area of AI, industrial and service robots.

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