Name: Isabella Solorzano / Nicole Milliman / Zoe Gutierrez

Date: March 17, 2022

APES Unit 6: Energy Resources and Consumption

Key Terms

Energy Nonrenewable Renewable

Part 1: Introduction to Energy

Do Now: Energy Introduction: What is energy? Where does it come from? Answer below…
Think Pair Share
Energy is the ability to do Energy is the ability to do Energy can come in different
something and can be work forms (kinetic/potential)
powered by resources (Fossil (powered by Fossil Fuels) To do work through the use of
Fuels) different resources
Fossil fuels, natural
resources (sun, wind),
hydroelectric (movement of
water)

From video:
The world is powered by Internal/External Sources (ex. Sun). Convention is affected by the
sun’s warmth, causing winds and movement. Energy can only flow in one direction, passed on
through different trophic levels (10% rule).
Laws of Thermodynamics, energy is not created or destroyed.
Fossil Fuels is stored/found in carbon

Objective: Fill in the blanks!

I can… describe national and global trends in energy consumption.
- More developed countries use large amongst of energy)
- small/third world countries don't have access on alternate forms of energy use lots of
fossil fuels

Nonrenewable vs. Renewable Energy: Based on the video, write your own definition. Then,
check your definition with the one on the board. Provide examples!
My definition: Scientific definition:

Nonrenewable Resource that cannot be made or Exist in a fixed amount

replaced as quick as consumed Cannot be replaced during the
(oil, natural gas, coal) human lifetime time scale
(Coal, oil, natural gas, nuclear*)

Renewable Resource that can be replaced as Can be replenished naturally or

quickly as it is consumed during a human lifetime, at or near
Name: Isabella Solorzano / Nicole Milliman / Zoe Gutierrez
Date: March 17, 2022
APES Unit 6: Energy Resources and Consumption
the rate of consumption, or reused
(Solar, wind, geothermal,
hydroelectric, biomass*)

Energy use around the world: Predict the blanks using the countries on the board. Then
correct your answers!

Main unit of energy: Joule (J)

What is “per capita”?: Per person (on average)

→ Describe the trend: More developed/ countries/infrastructure use the most energy

History of energy consumption graph:

Name: Isabella Solorzano / Nicole Milliman / Zoe Gutierrez
Date: March 17, 2022
APES Unit 6: Energy Resources and Consumption

- As industrialization increases, energy use increases.

- What was the main source of energy…

- Before 1867(Industrial Revolution) ?: Wood
- After 1867?: Fossil Fuels

Energy Sources and Consumption Webquest: Use this website to answer the questions!
Page 1: Energy Sources
1. Before the Industrial Revolution, where did the majority of energy come from?

Before the 18th century, most energy sources were renewable such as water wheels,
windmills and burning wood.

2. Analyze the pie chart. In 2014, what percentage of world energy came from gas and
coal respectively?
Gas: 44%
Coal: 33%

Page 2: Energy Security

3. What does it mean if a country is “energy secure”? Name two countries that are
energy secure.
Energy security describes access to reliable and affordable sources of energy.
Russia and Canada are energy secure

4. Is the U.S energy secure? Why or why not?

No the US is not secure, because we produce large amounts of energy from mostly
Name: Isabella Solorzano / Nicole Milliman / Zoe Gutierrez
Date: March 17, 2022
APES Unit 6: Energy Resources and Consumption
nonrenewable sources to generate our largely developed country. We suffer from “energy
insecurity.”

5. Explain the pattern you see in the map that relates GDP and energy consumption.
The major developed continents producing and using the most energy tend to have a high
GDP like North America, Europe and Northern Asia. The GDP and energy consumption show
how developed/developing a country is.

Page 3: Fossil fuels

6. Is the distribution of natural energy sources (ex. coal, oil, natural gas) uniform/the
same across the entire world? Explain your answer using data from this page.

Yes, the process of distributing the oil is the same across the world. Organized mostly by the
PEOC, millions of barrels are exported daily to each country although the amount of oil varies.
Although Russia, China and the US produced oil out of PEOC, they are the major oil
producers in the world.

7. How has the US increased its production of oil and gas?

The USA increased in production due to new drilling techniques, such as horizontal
drilling and hydraulic fracturing, 'fracking', which have unlocked vast quantities of oil
and gas from shale rock formations, especially in North Dakota and Texas.

Page 4: The politics of energy

8. Extension question! What would happen to American gasoline prices in the event of a
conflict in the Middle East? Why?
American gasoline prices would increase due to high oil prices from the Middle East. Which
would raise the cost of producing the gasoline as well as consuming gasoline.

If you finish early, click “Move on to Test >” and check your knowledge!
Name: Isabella Solorzano / Nicole Milliman / Zoe Gutierrez
Date: March 17, 2022
APES Unit 6: Energy Resources and Consumption

Key Terms

Fuel Wood Peat Coal Natural gas Tar sands

Part 2: Fuels
Do Now: Review + preview!
List as many types of renewable energy sources as you can think of:
Wind, solar (sun), biomass, hydropower, geothermal, wood

List as many types of nonrenewable energy sources as you can think of:
Coal, natural gas, oil, nuclear energy, tar sands, fuel, peat

Objective: Fill in the blanks!

I can… identify types of fuels, describe their uses, and calculate their efficiency.

What are fuels?: First, write a working definition with your group. Then edit your definition to
include details from the “official” definition.
Fuels are any material that can be made to react with other substances so that it
releases energy as thermal energy or to be used for work. (The substances which on
burning produce heat energy)

Fuel types reading: Actively read the information below and answer the questions at the right.
Wood is commonly used as a fuel in the forms of firewood List the 5 main types of fuel:
and charcoal. It is often used in developing countries 1. wood
because it is easily accessible. Wood burning is currently 2. peat
the largest use of biomass derived energy around the 3. coal
world. Wood can be used as a solid fuel for cooking, a. lignite
heating, or steam engines. The use of wood as a fuel b. bituminous
source is as old as civilization itself. c. anthracite
4. Natural gas
Peat is partially decomposed organic material that can be 5. Tar sands
burned for fuel. Peat forms in bogs, a type of wetland with Which type of fuel is the most
a high acid content. Like all wetlands, bogs are inhabited commonly used in the world?
by marshy plants, including trees, grasses, and moss. The
bog's acidity prevents this vegetation from fully decaying. Oil
This partly-decayed organic material builds up in bogs.
How does peat form?
Over millions of years, it becomes peat. Peat is thick and
Peat forms in bogs which is a
muddy. Northern Europe, specifically Finland, Ireland, and type of wetland with a high acid
Scotland are the biggest consumers of peat as a fuel. content
Complete the Venn diagram below
Name: Isabella Solorzano / Nicole Milliman / Zoe Gutierrez
Date: March 17, 2022
APES Unit 6: Energy Resources and Consumption
Three types of coal used for fuel are lignite, bituminous, of three types of coal. (Double-click
and anthracite. Heat, pressure, and depth of burial to edit the Google Drawing)
contribute to the development of various coal types and
their qualities. Lignite is formed with low heat content and
contains very little sulfur. Bituminous coal is the form most
commonly used as fuel due to its relative abundance and
high heat content; it also contains a lot of sulfur. Lastly,
anthracite, the most desirable form of coal, has a high
heat content and low sulfur content, but is much more rare
than bituminous coal.

Natural gas is often referred to as the “cleanest” of the

fossil fuels, because it is mostly methane. Burning natural
gas for energy or fuel produces much less carbon dioxide.
Natural gas accounts for nearly one-third of energy use in
the United States, and has grown in popularity since the Why is natural gas called the
development of hydraulic fracturing (also known as “cleanest” fossil fuel?
fracking) in the mid-1900s.
Because it is mostly methane
Crude oil can be recovered from tar sands, which are a
combination of clay, sand, water, and bitumen. Extracting Use context clues to describe what
bitumen is and what it is used for.
bitumen from tar sands—and refining it into gasoline—is
significantly costlier and more difficult than extracting and Bitumen is a black viscous
refining liquid oil. One common extraction method is mixture of hydrocarbons.
surface mining. Tar sands currently account for about 5 Bitumen is used for road
percent of all U.S. gasoline, but are becoming more surfacing, waterproofing, and
popular. roofing .

One way to improve fuel efficiency:

● Cogeneration (combined heat and power) : the use of a heat engine or power station
to generate electricity and useful heat at the same time.

Fuels in your everyday life: Complete the math practice problems below - the same ones that
you will have to consider when buying a new car or making a choice at the gas pump!
You are considering buying two different cars: Car A is a hybrid car (part electric, part
gasoline) and averages a fuel efficiency of 30 miles per gallon (mpg). Car B is a standard
internal combustion engine (100% gasoline powered) and averages 20 mpg.

1. You will drive 60 miles a week in your new car. If you drove 50 weeks a year, how
much gasoline would you save if you choose Car A over Car B in one year?
60x50=3,000/30=100 30,000/20=150 150-100= Saving 50 gallons
2. Assume that gasoline costs $3.75 per gallon (gal).
a. Calculate the cost of gasoline per mile if you drove Car A. .13 cents per mile
Name: Isabella Solorzano / Nicole Milliman / Zoe Gutierrez
Date: March 17, 2022
APES Unit 6: Energy Resources and Consumption
b. Calculate the cost of gasoline per mile if you drove Car B. .19 cents

c. How much money will you save on gasoline in one year if you buy Car A?
$187.50
.19-.13=.06 per mile
.06 x 3,000 = Saving $180

3. Burning one gallon of gasoline in a car releases approximately 20 pounds of CO2 into
the atmosphere. You plan on driving whichever car you buy for 120,000 miles. Over
the course of the 120,000 miles, how many fewer pounds of CO2 are released by Car
A than by Car B?
Car A: 120,000/30= 4000
Car B: 120,000/20=6000
6000-4000=2000
2000x20 pounds= 40,000 less pounds

4. Which car is better for the environment? Which car is more cost-efficient at the gas
pump? Explain.
Car A = hybrid
Name: Isabella Solorzano / Nicole Milliman / Zoe Gutierrez
Date: March 17, 2022
APES Unit 6: Energy Resources and Consumption

Key Terms

Fossil Fuels Coal Oil/Petroleum Natural gas

Part 3: Fossil Fuels

Do Now (Webquest Part 1): Power Profiler from the EPA:

https://www.epa.gov/energy/power-profiler
Directions: Put in your zipcode, then click go. CAMX is the “eGRID” region for California
(Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database). Hover over the bar graphs of “Fuel
Mix”. Round to the nearest percent.
Non-Hydro Hydro Nuclear Oil Coal
Renewables

Our Region
(CAMX)

National
averages

In a sentence, describe what you see as the most significant difference between our energy
source percentages and the national energy source percentages.

Directions: On the same site, look at “Emission Rates”. You can click on the CO2, SO2, NOx
buttons to compare:
1. What is the unit for emissions rates?

2. What does that stand for? (Might need to google):

Type of Emission Approximately how we compare to national

(ex. “3x greater”, “half as much”, etc.)

1.

2.

3.

Objective: Fill in the blanks!

Name: Isabella Solorzano / Nicole Milliman / Zoe Gutierrez
Date: March 17, 2022
APES Unit 6: Energy Resources and Consumption
I can… describe how fossil fuels are used in ____________ ____________ and their effects.

Fossil Fuel Introduction Lecture: Take notes below!

● Fossil fuel:
- Derived from:
- RENEWABLE or NONRENEWABLE
- Below, write the chemical reaction that occurs when we burn fossil fuels:

How do fossil fuels generate electricity?: As we watch the video, draw a model of energy
generation using the Google Drawing below! (Double click to edit the Google Drawing)

Webquest - Fossil Fuel Extraction: Directions: Open this website (US Energy Information
Association https://www.eia.gov/kids/energy-sources/nonrenewable.php).
Section 1: COAL
Click on “Coal” from the list.

1. Scroll down to the section “Mining and transporting coal”. Describe the two methods
used to remove coal.
a. Surface mining:
b. Underground mining:
2. Scroll down to the section “Coal & the Environment”. Summarize each of the sections
in few sentences below.
a. Effects of coal mining:
b. Emissions from burning coal:
c. Reducing the environmental effects of coal use:
3. Summarize how we use coal to produce electricity by annotating the diagram below
(double click to edit!).
Name: Isabella Solorzano / Nicole Milliman / Zoe Gutierrez
Date: March 17, 2022
APES Unit 6: Energy Resources and Consumption
Section 2: OIL
Click on “Oil” from the list.

4. Scroll down to the section “Offshore Drilling”. Summarize the section “What is
offshore?”:
5. Scroll down to the section “Oil & the Environment”. Summarize each of the sections in
few sentences below.
a. How does oil affect the environment?:
b. Technology helps reduce the effects of drilling for and producing oil:
c. Hydraulic fracturing:
d. Oil spills:

Section 3: NATURAL GAS

Click on “Natural Gas” from the list.

6. Scroll down to the section “Drilling natural gas wells and producing natural gas”.
Summarize this section:
7. Scroll down to the section “Natural gas & the environment.” Summarize each of the
sections in a few sentences below:
a. Natural gas is a relatively clean burning fossil fuel:
b. Natural gas is mainly methane - a strong greenhouse gas:
c. Natural gas exploration, drilling and production affects the environment:
d. Advances in drilling and production technologies have positive and negative
effects on the environment:

Zoom in on Fracking: Take notes during the video!

Describe/draw the process of hydraulic fracturing (fracking) from the video:

What are the negative effects of fracking?

Name: Isabella Solorzano / Nicole Milliman / Zoe Gutierrez
Date: March 17, 2022
APES Unit 6: Energy Resources and Consumption

Key Terms

Nuclear power Uranium Fission Fusion Half-life

Part 4: Nuclear Energy

Do Now: Below, describe the pros (advantages) and cons (disadvantages) to using fossil fuels.
Pros Cons
- -

Objective: Fill in the blanks!

I can… describe the process of __________ energy formation and its advantages and
disadvantages.

Nuclear Power Plant Simulation: http://lotus.itservices.manchester.ac.uk:8080/

Directions: You can skip the section where it asks for your personal information. Then, click
“Take a tour”. Click through the simulation and read the information to answer the Qs below.
1. What is nuclear fission? Describe and/or draw the process below.

2. Why is nuclear power considered clean energy?

3. Describe the role of the reactor core.

4. How efficient is uranium? Show a comparison to coal.

5. Zoom into the reactor core. Why do we have control rods?

6. Coolant is water pumped into and around the reactor. What two functions does it
serve?

7. What would happen if there were no pressurizer?

8. Where does the hot coolant move after the steam generator? What happens here?

9. Describe the process that generates electricity.

Directions: Read Steps 1, 2, and 3 to play the nuclear power reactor simulation!
Step 1. Use the control panel to operate the reactor. First, switch on the coolant pumps. Once
the coolant has reached 290 *C (554 *F), you can move on to step 2.
Step 2. To start generating heat, lift the control rods slightly - just 10% or less. For safety, if the
reactor gets too hot, it will automatically shut down. Keep the dials in the green zone!
Name: Isabella Solorzano / Nicole Milliman / Zoe Gutierrez
Date: March 17, 2022
APES Unit 6: Energy Resources and Consumption
Step 3. Increase the steam output from the steam generators to turn the turbines and produce
electricity. The power demand will change at different times of day; match your output to the
power demand by adjusting the control rods and steam output.

Day 1 score: Final score:

If you finish early, take the “Brain Challenge” quiz to test your knowledge!

Nuclear Energy Lecture: Take notes on additional important information about nuclear energy.
Nuclear power is _________________________ but considered ____________________.

The major nuclear power source is:

Nuclear energy advantages Nuclear energy disadvantages

Nuclear Disasters Effect on the Environment + People

Three Mile Island, Pennsylvania

Chernobyl, Ukraine

Fukushima, Japan

Half-Life:
- Half-life of U-235:

Half life practice problem #1: Half life practice problem #2:
With a radioactivity level of 100 curies and a If a material has a radioactivity level of 500
half-life of 50 years, what will the curies and a half-life of 30 years, what will
radioactivity level be in 200 years? the radioactivity level be in 150 years?

Half life practice problem #3: Half life practice problem #4:
The half-life of plutonium-239 is 24,300 The graph below shows the radioactive
years. If a nuclear bomb released 8 kg of decay of Magnesium-28. What is the half-life
this isotope, how many years would pass of Magnesium-28?
before the amount is reduced to 1 kg?
Name: Isabella Solorzano / Nicole Milliman / Zoe Gutierrez
Date: March 17, 2022
APES Unit 6: Energy Resources and Consumption

EXTRA CREDIT! The Future of Energy Viewing Guide: Watch the Vice episode here!
Complete the Qs below.
1. What is the name of the element that Taylor Wilson creates himself from uranium?

2. Uranium is energy from ___________ that have landed on the Earth.

3. True or false: The United States has a lot of renewable resources.

4. In two or three decades, the US could easily be run off _____% renewables.

5. What is the key ingredient to Tesla’s success in the car market?

6. What are the cost of solar panels today compared to 6 years ago?

7. How many offshore wind farms does Denmark have?

8. How many homes would one of Taylor Wilson’s nuclear reactors power?

9. True or false: Taylor Wilson’s reactors create lots of nuclear waste.

10. The goal of the reactor is to get ___________ energy out than you’re putting in.
Name: Isabella Solorzano / Nicole Milliman / Zoe Gutierrez
Date: March 17, 2022
APES Unit 6: Energy Resources and Consumption

Key Terms

Solar Energy Hydroelectric Power

Part 5: Renewables Day 1 - Solar and Hydroelectric Power

Do Now: Let’s review - half life math!!!

The half-life of fermium is three days. Three weeks after the introduction of fermium into a
sealed room, what fraction of the original amount remains?

Objective: Fill in the blanks!

I can… assess the effectiveness of __________ power vs __________ power, and develop
an argument stating which renewable resource is more sustainable.

Introduction to Solar Energy: Take notes from the slides below!

- Solar energy uses light and heat from the _____
- This transformation is done by:

A Closer Look at Photovoltaic Cells…: Use this infographic to write a flowchart of how solar
energy is transformed into electricity. Fill in each of the five boxes in order to discover how
photovoltaic cells can produce electricity!
Name: Isabella Solorzano / Nicole Milliman / Zoe Gutierrez
Date: March 17, 2022
APES Unit 6: Energy Resources and Consumption

Passive Vs. Active Solar Systems: Take a look at the picture that compares and contrasts
passive and active solar energy systems. Write observations below.
Passive Active
- -

Pros and Cons of Solar Energy: During the video, jot down some notes of pros (advantages)
and cons (disadvantages) of solar energy.
Pros Cons
1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.

Hydroelectric Webquest!: Use this Story Map to answer the questions below.
Scroll down to section “2: Hydroelectric Power Plants In the United States”.

1. Manipulate the map on the right to find the hydroelectric plant closest to you. Note that
Name: Isabella Solorzano / Nicole Milliman / Zoe Gutierrez
Date: March 17, 2022
APES Unit 6: Energy Resources and Consumption
blue dots are hydro plants and pink represent nuclear plants (for comparison). Click
on a dot for more information. What is the name of the closest hydroelectric plant to
you?

Scroll down to section “4: How Hydroelectric Power Works (continued)”.

2. Watch the video on the main stage (the big video). As you watch, explain each of the
four steps as labeled in the diagram below.
1.
2.
3.
4.

Scroll down to section “6: Hydroelectric Power Around the World”. You do not have to
watch the video.

3. What is the largest dam in the world? Where is it? What is its capacity?

Scroll down to section “11: Pros and Cons of Hydroelectric Power”.

4. Use the resources provided to come up with 3 pros and 3 cons of hydropower.

Pros Cons
Name: Isabella Solorzano / Nicole Milliman / Zoe Gutierrez
Date: March 17, 2022
APES Unit 6: Energy Resources and Consumption

4. 4.
5. 5.
6. 6.

Exit Ticket: Apply what you have learned!

You are a renewable energy investor. Which renewable energy source (hydro vs solar) would
you choose to invest in? Why?
Name: Isabella Solorzano / Nicole Milliman / Zoe Gutierrez
Date: March 17, 2022
APES Unit 6: Energy Resources and Consumption

Key Terms

Biomass Energy Wind Energy Geothermal Energy Hydrogen Fuel Cell

Day 6: Renewables Day 2 - Other Renewables

Do Now: Let’s review → Non-renewables! Card Sort

Objective: Fill in the blanks!

I can… assess the effectiveness of various _____ _____ solutions: biomass, geothermal,
wind, and hydrogen fuel cell.

My Assigned Renewable Energy Source: For today’s speed dating!

Name: Isabella Solorzano / Nicole Milliman / Zoe Gutierrez
Date: March 17, 2022
APES Unit 6: Energy Resources and Consumption
The rest of class today will be completed in a separate Google Slides… LINK YOUR GROUP
GOOGLE SLIDES HERE TO STUDY FROM!
Name: Isabella Solorzano / Nicole Milliman / Zoe Gutierrez
Date: March 17, 2022
APES Unit 6: Energy Resources and Consumption

Key Terms

Energy Conservation

Part 7: Energy Conservation

Do Now: Let’s review → Renewables! Card Sort

Objective: Fill in the blanks!

I can… describe methods for _______________ energy.

Conservation Vs. Efficiency: Discuss similarities and differences between these two concepts.
Conservation: Efficiency:
Name: Isabella Solorzano / Nicole Milliman / Zoe Gutierrez
Date: March 17, 2022
APES Unit 6: Energy Resources and Consumption
Individual vs. Large-scale Conservation: Conservation can happen on two scales…
small-scale (by you!) or large-scale (ex. by society or the government!). Below, take notes about
4 major large-scale conservation strategies.
1.
2.
3.
4.

“My Dream Home”: Design your “dream home” with small-scale/residential ways to conserve
energy. Use this interactive: https://clarkgreenneighbors.org/en/interactive-house.
→ Option 1: Double click the Google Drawing below to edit/annotate your dream house.
→ Option 2: Draw your own dream house on a sheet of paper or another app, then take
a picture and insert it into this document or email it to your teacher for extra credit!
Name: Isabella Solorzano / Nicole Milliman / Zoe Gutierrez
Date: March 17, 2022
APES Unit 6: Energy Resources and Consumption
Energy Conservation Math:
1. You are buying an air conditioner. The Energy Star brand is $300 and the standard is $200.
They have the same cooling capacity, but the Energy Star costs 5 cents/hour less to run. If
you run it 12 hours a day, how long does it take to recover the cost?

2. Now you want to buy a nice flatscreen. Electricity costs $0.15/kWh. You watch 4 hours a
day. (This is too much TV)
a) The non-Energy Star model uses 0.5 kW. How much will it cost you per year to run this
model?

b) If the Energy Star model uses 40% of the amount of electricity, how much money will you
save over 5 years if you buy that model?