Planning of various types of Buildings BPD (224005)

MAHARASHTRASTATEBOARDOF TECHNICALEDUCATION MUMBAI

A
PROJECTREPORT ON

“ Planning of Various Types of Buildings.”

UNDERTHE GUIDANCE OF

“A.M.Karape”

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

DR. D.Y.PATIL POLYTECHNIC,

KASABABAWADA,KOLHAPUR

SEMESTER - IV

YEAR :-2020-2021

SUBMITTEDBY:-

1) Sakshi Sachin Bhosale Roll No. :- 2401

2) Swapnil Krushna Pawar Roll No. :- 2433

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Planning of various types of Buildings BPD (224005)

Certificate

This is to certify that Mr. /Ms:-Swapnil Krushna Pawar

Roll No:-2433 of 4rd Semester of Diploma in Civil Engineering (2nd Year)
of Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Polytechnic (Code : 0539 ) has completed the

Micro Project satisfactorily in Subject - BPD(22405) for the academic year 2020-
2021 as prescribed in the curriculum.

Place: Kolhapur Enrollment No : 1805390003

Date : ............. Exam. Seat No: ..............

Subject Teacher Head of the Department Principal

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Planning of various types of Buildings BPD (224005)

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The success & find outcome of this project required a lot of guidance &
assistance from many people and I am extremely privileged to have got all
along the completion of our project. All that we have done is only due to
such supervision & assistance & I would not forget to thanks them.

I own my deep gratitude to our project guide Mr.A.M.Karape who took

keen interest on our project work & guided us all along , till the completion
of our project work by providing all the necessary Information for
developing a good system.

I am thankful to & fortunate enough to get constant encouragement,

support & guidance form all teaching staffs of Basic Science which help us in
successful completing our project work.

Date:

Place: Kolhapur.

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Planning of various types of Buildings BPD (224005)

INDEX

SR. NO. CONTENT PAGE NO.

1 Introduction 09

2 Factors or Principals which govern the theory of planning 09

3 Public Building 09

4 Site Selection Criteria Of Public Building 10

5 Classification of Public Building 10

6 Residential Building 11

7 Types of Residential Building 11

8 Site Selection For Residential Building 11

9 Actual Resources 15

10 Applications of Micro-Projects 17

11 Area of Future Improvement 17

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Planning of various types of Buildings BPD (224005)

Part A
Planning of various types of Buildings

1.0 Brief Description:

A building, is a structure with a roof and walls standing more or less permanently in
one place, such as a house or factory. Buildings come in a variety of sizes, shapes, and
functions, and have been adapted throughout history for a wide number of factors,
from building materials available, to weather conditions, land prices, ground conditions,
specific uses, and aesthetic reasons. To better understand the term building compare
the list of non building structures.

2.0 Aim of Micro-project:

1. To study about Planning of various types of building.
2. To interpret civil engineering drawing to know various types of drawing.

3.0 Intended Course Outcomes:

3. To understand basic Principles of Planning.
4. To learn fundamental of perspective drawings.

4.0 Literature Review:

Plan of the building is the assembling and grouping and arranging its component parts in
systematic manner and in proper order. So as to form a meaningful wholesome and
homogeneous body with a comprehensive look out to meet its functional purpose.

Planning of building pre-supposes certain principles. Most of our buildings are constructed as
dwellings and as such the principles providing guidance in the planning of such buildings have
been given here. The basic principles have been enunciated on broad lines only and may be
applied to the problems on its individual merits.

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Planning of various types of Buildings BPD (224005)

5.0 Proposed Methodology-

First we select the subject of micro project.

Then we provided header footer to the pages. Font sizes were set according to the
requirement.
The topic selected was (Planning of Various Types of Buildings).
The work is distributed equally of collecting information to each team member and
planed further process accordingly to it. (Divination to 2 members).
Enlisting all the points that are to be inserted in the project. After enlisting he had to
work on the proper arrangement of those and placing also.
We collect the information Various Types of Buildings Properties of cohesive soil of
which are enlisted and collecting extra information if required.
We collect pictures for the appropriate points and lastly arranging all the points
according to the planned manner .
We collect relevant information about Building Planning.
With the help of internet collected the soft information of the points to be inserted in
the micro project.
Select a pictures of relevant subject and downloaded to as per required.
Read out the information carefully and understood it.
Enlisted the arrangement of points on a paper and finally typed in the hard copy of the
micro project.
Arranged the downloaded pictures at their required points and adjusted to their size.
Finally last analysis was done on the project and checking was done.

Then we prepared a proposal of our subject.

6.0 Action Plan-

Sr.No. Details of Activity Planned Start Planned Name of Responsible

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Planning of various types of Buildings BPD (224005)

Date Finished Date Team Members

1.] Selected a Topic 5/04/2021 12/04/2021 Sakshi

Bhosale,Swapnil
Pawar

2.] Collected relevant data 12/04/2021 19/04/2021 Swapnil Pawar

and information

3.] Sorted collected 19/04/2021 26/04/2021 Sakshi Bhosale

information

4.] Planned all execution 26/04/2021 30/04/2021 Sakshi

work Bhosale,Swapnil
Pawar

5.] Introduction to soil and 30/04/2021 3/05/2021 Sakshi

some scientific part and Bhosale,Swapnil
cohesive soil Pawar

6.] Shear stress properties of 3/05/2021 7/05/2021 Swapnil Pawar

soil

7.] Scour in Cohesive soil 7/05/2021 10/05/2021 Sakshi Bhosale

8.] Examples of cohesive soil 10/05/2021 14/05/2021 Swapnil Pawar

9.] Shear vane test 14/05/2021 17/05/2021 Sakshi Bhosale

experiment

10.] Part A Micro-Project 17/05/2021 21/05/2021 Sakshi

submission Bhosale,Swapnil
Pawar

11.] Part B micro-Project 21/05/2021 24/05/2021 Sakshi

submission Bhosale,Swapnil
Pawar

12.] Final Project Submission 24/05/2021 28/05/2021 Sakshi

Bhosale,Swapnil
Pawar

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Planning of various types of Buildings BPD (224005)

Part B

 Introduction

Geographies, the issues of urbanization manifest in the form of overcrowding, congestion,

insufficient infrastructure, inadequate service provisioning mainly in terms of drinking water,
sanitation Urban India today, faces serious challenges of growth and its management. Across,
energy, transport, solid waste management, environmental degradation, and pollution, etc.
These, along with the poor management of rapid growth, affect the socioeconomic
development of the country.

So, by using newly and broadly available technique in construction infrastructure town
planning engineer or planner can establish well developed buildings. Which are good in
aesthetic safety proof and any disaster free. Public buildings are old in construction such as
famous auditorium markets schools’ colleges are good in construction but sometimes safety
issues are creating for such kind of view it is necessary to study and built safer public
building. Again, with safety there are lot of energy systems are used in public buildings such
as lights fuels gas water etc. Due to urbanization these things are very much required to

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Planning of various types of Buildings BPD (224005)

human beings but these things are non renewable or pollution making things so it is need to
use concept of green buildings used in the public buildings.

 factors or principles which govern the theory of planning are given

below:

1.Aspect
2Prospect
3.Privacy
4.Furniturerequirements
5.Roominess
6.Grouping
7.Circulation
8.Sanitation
9.Flexibility
10.Elegance
11.Economy
12. Practical considerations

Anne Taylor is Professor and Director of The Institute for Environmental Education, University
of New Mexico, and co-founder (with architect George Vlastos) of the School Zone Institute, a
body created in order to combine the curricular and child development goals of education with
the design elements of architecture. In a recent paper she pointed out that the prime focus of
the School Zone model is that the physical setting of the learning environment does make a
difference in, and directly contributes to, a child’s behaviour and learning.

 Public Building

Building is a structure which consist of walls doors windows roof floor beams column
staircase and many of the structural and non-structural members used for residence
commercial industrial and educational purpose.

 Site selection criteria of public buildings

Grouping: Buildings whose functions are related with each other that should located on
same site.

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Planning of various types of Buildings BPD (224005)

• Foreground: Building should have sufficient foreground for achieving better result.

• Parking space: The various PB such as town hall, hospitals have lot of crowding of peoples
due to which it is necessary study parking space around site for •construction.

 Classification of public buildings

• Dependent buildings: These buildings are those whose function are related to each other such
as civic centers art gallery.

• Independent buildings: These are the buildings which have to stand alone such as monumental
buildings.

• Institutional buildings: Specially consist of school colleges etc.

 Planning of Public buildings

Never in the history of man, planning has been so much in forefront as it is today. Without
planning nothing succeeds. So, we have defense planning at national level, regional planning,
urban and rural planning at the state level so on and so forth to family planning at domestic
level. Our India has so far already implemented its eleventh five-year plan for the development
of country in all fields. Planning means pre-thing and pre-arranging things before an event takes
place so as to achieve good results in health, convenience, comfort and happiness of all livings
beings.

We know that schools, colleges, banks, markets, library, hostels are the public buildings so let
us discuss the planning of these buildings respectively.

 Residential Building

A Residential building is defined as the building which provides more than half of its
floor area for dwelling purposes. In other words, residential building provides
sleeping accommodation with or without cooking or dining or both facilities.

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Planning of various types of Buildings BPD (224005)

 Types of Residential Buildings

Residential buildings are divided into following types:

1. Individual houses or private dwellings

2. Lodging or rooming houses
3. Dormitories
4. Hostel
1. Individual houses or Private dwellings

Individual houses or private dwellings are generally owned by members of a single family only.
If more than one family residing in that building then it is called as multiple family private
dwelling.

2. Lodging or Rooming Houses

Lodging or rooming houses are multiple or group of buildings which come under one
management. In this case, Accommodation is provided for separately for different individuals
on temporary or permanent basis.

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Planning of various types of Buildings BPD (224005)

3. Dormitories

Dormitories are another type of residential buildings, in which sleeping accommodation is

provided together for different individuals. School hostels, military barracks come under
this category.

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Planning of various types of Buildings BPD (224005)

4. Apartments

Apartments or flats are big buildings which consists separate dwellings for different families.
Apartment will reside minimum three or more families living independently of each other.

5. Hotels

Hotels are just like lodging houses and also managed by single management but they provide
accommodation primarily on temporary basis. inns, motels etc come under this category.

 Site Selection for Residential Buildings

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Planning of various types of Buildings BPD (224005)

Selection of site for any building is a very important and experts’ job and should be done very
very carefully by an experienced engineer. The requirements of site for buildings with different
occupancies are different. Following are some of the important factors which should be
considered while selecting site for any residence.

1. The site should be in fully developed area or in the area which has potential of
development.
2. There should be good transport facilities such as railway, bus service, for going to office,
college, market, etc.
3. Civic services such as water supply, drainage sewers, electric lines, telephone lines, etc.
should be very near to the selected site so as to obtain their services with no extra cost.
4. Soil at site should not be of made up type as far as possible. The buildings constructed
over such soils normally undergo differential settlement and sometimes become the
cause of collapse. Cracks in buildings in such conditions, are quite common
5. The selected site should be large enough; both to ensure the building abundant light
and air to prevent any over dominance by the neighboring buildings.

6.0 Actual Resource Used:

Sr.No. Name of Resource Specification Quantity Remarks

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Planning of various types of Buildings BPD (224005)

1. Reference Book Building Planning and 01 -

Drawing by Prof.
Upadhye
2. A1 Size Graph Sheet 594mm X 841mm 01
3. Drawing Instruments 1.Drafter
2. Pencil (H,2H, HB)
And others like Eraser,
Sharpner etc.

7.0 Skill Developed in Micro-Project:

We understand about the line plan. We understood all the concepts of the
preparation of line plans according to the prospects, aspects, orientation and building bye laws.
We get knowledge about our different types of Buildings.

8. 0 Applications of Micro-Project:

In the modern era it is very essential to learn all the concepts and in a modern era it is area of
digital India. Now in this modern here it is very basic to have teaching skill with the project. Our
micro project can be used by students, teachers, lectures and any person who have interest to
learn may use our project and can learn the type of buildings by very simple way.

9.0 Area of Future Improvement

We prepare for this micro project proposal, we have look books of Building and planning design
for getting information about Various types of building Then we search from internet about
planning of different types of buildings.

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