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Linux Administration

The document provides information about Linux, including: - Linux consists of a kernel and various software packages and distributions. The kernel controls resources while distributions like Ubuntu, Fedora, and CentOS package additional utilities. - Popular distributions include Ubuntu for beginners, Red Hat Enterprise Linux for servers, and Kali Linux for security tasks. Distributions like Debian, Gentoo, and Arch also offer varying levels of customization. - The Linux architecture has advantages like security, frequent updates, and open-source contributions. However, some hardware drivers and popular software like Photoshop are not always available.

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Alina Aire Macatangay
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102 views18 pages

Linux Administration

The document provides information about Linux, including: - Linux consists of a kernel and various software packages and distributions. The kernel controls resources while distributions like Ubuntu, Fedora, and CentOS package additional utilities. - Popular distributions include Ubuntu for beginners, Red Hat Enterprise Linux for servers, and Kali Linux for security tasks. Distributions like Debian, Gentoo, and Arch also offer varying levels of customization. - The Linux architecture has advantages like security, frequent updates, and open-source contributions. However, some hardware drivers and popular software like Photoshop are not always available.

Uploaded by

Alina Aire Macatangay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LINUX JOHN MICHAEL A.

CALANDRIA

ADMINISTRATION INSTRUCTOR I
WHAT IS LINUX

• Linux itself is the core of the operating system: the kernel or, more colloquially, the
heart.
• The kernel is the program acting as chief of operations. It is responsible for starting
and stopping other programs (such as text editors, web browsers, services, and so on),
handling requests for memory, accessing disks, and managing network connections.
EXAMPLE OF LINUX DISTRIBUTION

• Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)


• Fedora
• Ubuntu
• Kali Linux
• Debian
• Amazon Linux
• Mint
• OpenSUSE
• Community Enterprise Operating System (CentOS)
• Arch
• Chrome OS
• Slackware
• Oracle Linux
THE ARCHITECTURE OF LINUX

The Linux OS consist of 3 main components

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KERNEL

The kernel is the core of the Linux operating system


and controls the resources of the computer.
SHELL

The kernel is the core of the Linux operating system


and controls the resources of the computer.
LINUX UTILITIES

Are collection of programs that service day-to-day


processing requirements of users like ls, cp, grep, bc, or
wc. Application programs can be something like a
compiler – example, gcc, g++, or a programming
language like PHP. It can be a database like MySQL
or a web server like Apache.
SAMPLE HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE OF
LINUX FILE
LINUX FEATURE

PORTABLE HIERARCHICAL OPEN SOURCE MULTI- SECURITY MULTI-USER SHELL


FILE SYSTEM PROGRAMMING
LINUX DISTRIBUTION

• The growing popularity of Linux as a free and open-source operating system


has spawned a number of variations over the years, expanding its boundaries
to include a large community of users. From desktop/home users to corporate
environments, Linux has made sure that each segment has something to be
happy about.
DEBIAN

• Due to the success of Debian, which


has produced several successful Linux
distributions such as Deepin, Ubuntu,
and Mint, many popular Linux
distributions such as Mint, Deepin, and
Ubuntu are now available in Debian.
10.5, the latest stable release of
Debian, is an up-to-date edition of
Debian.
GENTOO

• Gentoo is a Linux distribution


specifically built for experts. It includes
developers, network administrators, and
other experts. Users who are just
beginning to learn Linux would not
enjoy using it. One of the reasons
Gentoo is recommended is that it offers
more information about Linux than other
Linux distributions.
UBUNTU

• One of the most well-known Linux distributions


is Canonical’s Ubuntu, which has been enjoyed
by beginners, intermediate users, and
professionals around the world for decades.
The Ubuntu was specifically designed for
newcomers in Linux or those moving from Mac
OS and Windows.
RHEL

• The open-source alternative to


Microsoft’s systems, Red Hat Enterprise
Linux is one of the biggest open-source
alternatives. It’s used by large
corporations as a Linux distribution.
The stability and security patches that
accompany Red Hat Enterprise Linux
make it a popular choice in server
environments.
CENTOS

• The purpose of the CentOS Project is to create an open


source operating environment that is sturdy and
reliable. Based on RHEL, it is an excellent alternative to
Red Hat Enterprise Linux since it is free to download
and install. With the stability and reliability of RHEL,
users can enjoy free security and feature upgrades
without experiencing any downtime. Linux enthusiasts
who desire to enjoy the advantages of RHEL’s RHEL are
keen on CentOS 8.
KALI LINUX

• Kali Linux is a Debian-based Linux


distribution designed for digital
forensics and penetration testing.
Nmap, Metasploit Framework,
Maltego, and Aircrack-ng, among
other tools, are included by default.
It is developed and maintained by
offensive security.
ADVANTAGES OF LINUX ARCHITECTURE
• Linux is an open-source operating system that has several advantages over other operating systems. Because the code is freely available and anyone may modify it and
distribute it, Linux is popular for contributions and modifications.

• As far as security is concerned, Linux is much more secure than any other operating system. It does not mean that Linux is entirely secure, however. It is far less vulnerable
to infections than any other operating system. There is no need for anti-virus software on Linux.

• The Linux software updates are straightforward and frequent.

• You can use a Linux distribution of your choice in accordance with your preferences or your needs.

• Freely available Linux software is used on the Internet.

• Linux has plenty of community support.

• The CPU and memory of a computer generally stay stable and do not slow down or freeze. A computer can be rebooted after a short time if it stops or freezes.

• The purpose of the application is to preserve the privacy of the user.

• Although other operating systems can deliver high performance, Linux excels because it allows a large number of people to work at the same time, and because it
manages them efficiently.

• The popularity of Linux makes it network friendly.

• You do not need to purchase a Linux operating system suit to get the flexibility you want; you may install only the components you need.

• Linux is capable of handling a wide range of file formats.

• The installation process is quick and easy to use. It also works on old computer systems, making it easy to install.

• Even if the hard disk is full, the computer performs properly because it has enough room.
DISADVANTAGES OF LINUX ARCHITECTURE
• Some hardware drivers are not available for Linux, which is one of the challenges
faced by Linux users. Windows or Mac drivers are preferred by hardware
manufacturers because they have more users as opposed to Linux.
• Beginners to windows are not difficult to start with, however, learning Linux is a bit
challenging. Command-lines and locating new software are also a bit challenging.
Linux is less expertised than windows and mac, which makes it more difficult to find
expertise for Linux.
• Photoshop, a widely used graphic-editing programme is available for Windows, but
not on Linux. Other photo-editing software are not as powerful, but Photoshop is. MS
Office is another option that is not available on Linux.
• Many games are produced for Windows but not Linux. Because Windows is widely
used, developers are willing to work on it.

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