Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 13 views

    Introduction Lab 3

    Uploaded by

    Afiqah Osmera
    Gram staining is a method used to distinguish between two types of bacteria - Gram-positive and Gram-negative - based on differences in their cell walls. Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer that retains the purple crystal violet dye used in Gram staining, while Gram-negative bacteria have a thin peptidoglycan layer and appear red after decolorization. The Gram staining process involves staining with crystal violet, applying a mordant like iodine, decolorizing with alcohol or acetone, and counterstaining with safranin. This allows bacteria to be classified based on whether they maintain or lose the crystal violet dye.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Introduction Lab 3

    Uploaded by

    Afiqah Osmera
    13 views2 pages
    Gram staining is a method used to distinguish between two types of bacteria - Gram-positive and Gram-negative - based on differences in their cell walls. Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer that retains the purple crystal violet dye used in Gram staining, while Gram-negative bacteria have a thin peptidoglycan layer and appear red after decolorization. The Gram staining process involves staining with crystal violet, applying a mordant like iodine, decolorizing with alcohol or acetone, and counterstaining with safranin. This allows bacteria to be classified based on whether they maintain or lose the crystal violet dye.

    Original Title

    INTRODUCTION LAB 3

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Gram staining is a method used to distinguish between two types of bacteria - Gram-positive and Gram-negative - based on differences in their cell walls. Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer that retains the purple crystal violet dye used in Gram staining, while Gram-negative bacteria have a thin peptidoglycan layer and appear red after decolorization. The Gram staining process involves staining with crystal violet, applying a mordant like iodine, decolorizing with alcohol or acetone, and counterstaining with safranin. This allows bacteria to be classified based on whether they maintain or lose the crystal violet dye.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    13 views2 pages

    Introduction Lab 3

    Uploaded by

    Afiqah Osmera
    Gram staining is a method used to distinguish between two types of bacteria - Gram-positive and Gram-negative - based on differences in their cell walls. Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer that retains the purple crystal violet dye used in Gram staining, while Gram-negative bacteria have a thin peptidoglycan layer and appear red after decolorization. The Gram staining process involves staining with crystal violet, applying a mordant like iodine, decolorizing with alcohol or acetone, and counterstaining with safranin. This allows bacteria to be classified based on whether they maintain or lose the crystal violet dye.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    INTRODUCTION GRAM STAINING

    In this experiment we have to study the Gram staining and identify the Gram type of
    bacteria. There are two types of bacterial infection which are Gram-positive and Gram-
    negative. To classifying bacteria, we used a lot of method and one of them is by based on the
    cell membrane. Different bacteria have different type of membrane. Christian Gram, a
    bacteriologist, developed a test in 1884 that could tell whether a bacterium possessed
    peptidoglycan, a thick membrane that resembled a meshwork (Brennan, 2021). Gram positive
    bacteria have thick peptidoglycan. A gramme negative organism is one with a thin
    peptidoglycan coating. By using Gram Staining method, we can distinguish between two
    sizable groups of bacteria based on the distinct components of their cell walls. Due to the
    thick layer of peptidoglycan in their cells walls, Gram positive bacteria stains stain blue or
    purple meanwhile Gram negative bacteria stain red due to a thinner peptidoglycan wall that
    does not retain the crystal violet throughout the decolorizing process (Z.Bruckner, 2021). In
    gram-positive bacteria, the peptidoglycan makes up around 90% of the cell wall. The
    example of Gram-positive organism is Staphylococcus species. For Gram-negative bacteria
    have a thin layer of peptidoglycan which just 10% of the cell wall. The example of Gram-
    negative bacteria is Moraxella species.

    A basic dye, a mordant, a decolorizing agent, and a counterstain are the four distinct
    solutions needed for the Gram stain (Z.Bruckner, 2021). The initial staining of the slide with
    crystal violet dye is the first stage in the gramme staining process. It will stain with crystal
    violet. Iodine that acts as mordant to create a crystal violet-iodine combination in order to
    stop the colour from being removed easily. Decolorization agents are chemicals that take the
    dye out of stained cells. Gram-positive cells are those that maintain the basic dye after
    decolorization, while Gram-negative cells lose the stain. Counterstain is the final step of the
    Gram staining. To contrast with the coloured enzyme substrate, a counterstain adds colour to
    particular cellular features.
    References
    Brennan, D. (2021, May 16). Difference between gram-positive and gram-negative bacillua.
    Retrieved from WebMD Editorial Contributors:
    https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/difference-between-gram-positive-bacillus-gram-
    negative-bacillus

    Z.Bruckner, M. (2021, January 14). What is gram staining? Retrieved from Microbial life :
    https://serc.carleton.edu/microbelife/research_methods/microscopy/gramstain.html

    You might also like