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Chapter 5.bio Notes

1) Ethology is the scientific study of animal behavior. It began with the work of Dutch biologist Nikholaas Tinberger and Konrad and Karl von, who both received the Nobel Prize in 1973. 2) Animal behaviors include instincts, reflex actions, and behaviors shaped by natural selection such as building nests, forming groups, and crying/smiling for babies. Conditioning and imprinting are also types of behaviors. 3) Examples of animal behaviors studied include beavers building dams, wasps constructing homes, scrubjays hiding food but forgetting where, and dolphins demonstrating intelligence through communication. Experiments and case studies are used to investigate and understand animal behaviors.

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156 views3 pages

Chapter 5.bio Notes

1) Ethology is the scientific study of animal behavior. It began with the work of Dutch biologist Nikholaas Tinberger and Konrad and Karl von, who both received the Nobel Prize in 1973. 2) Animal behaviors include instincts, reflex actions, and behaviors shaped by natural selection such as building nests, forming groups, and crying/smiling for babies. Conditioning and imprinting are also types of behaviors. 3) Examples of animal behaviors studied include beavers building dams, wasps constructing homes, scrubjays hiding food but forgetting where, and dolphins demonstrating intelligence through communication. Experiments and case studies are used to investigate and understand animal behaviors.

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abhinav kota
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IMPORTANT POINTS WHICH SHOULD BE MEMORIZED:

Chapter 5.Animal Behaviour


1)ETHOLOGY: It is the scientific and objective study of behaviour. It
is also the sub topic of zoology.
It is the combination of laboratory and field science with a strong
relation to certain other disciplines.
The work of ethology began with the work of Dutch Biologist
Nikholaas Tinberger, Konrad and Karl von
Konrad and Karl von both are the noble prize receivers in 1973.
2)Instinct: Instinctual behaviour cannot be learned. They are one of
the naturally learned ones. They are often very complex. it is
considered to be the behaviour which is the characteristic of species.
Example: build building its nest, forming groups, babies cry and smile
just after birth and even reflex actions. bees have an instinct of
making honey
3)Reflex Actions: When we touch a hot object, our hand immediately
pulls it back as we some how know its hot.
4)Animal Behaviour: Animal behaviour includes all the ways animals
interact with other organisms and the physical environment.
Behaviour can also be defined as a change in the activity of an
organism in response to a stimulus, an external or internal . Behaviour
is shaped by natural selection.
5) Imprinting
It is the behaviour in which inborn recognition occurs.
Chicken recognize their mother after birth.
6)Imitation
It is the behaviour in which the organism copy other.A monkey copy
you.
7) Conditioning
It is the process in which the behaviour becomes predictable at a
particular action or stimuli.
A dog feels hungry when he listen to the bell.
8)Tagging: It is a process of attaching the animal a tracking device.
This helps the scientists study the journeys that the animal makes
9)Investigating Behaviour:
Experiments:
1-Ivan pavlons Dogs experiment
2-cockroach experiment
Cases studies of various animals:
1-Beavers: Beavers live in stagnant waters. They make dams which
are almost 4 feet long using sticks, twigs and mud and water. Beavers
can cut down trees to make these dams as they have sharp teeth which
can cut through trees.
2-Wasp: Wasps are very intelligent insects. They can construct
different homes according to their situation.They make suitable
houses of mud.They collect food by injecting venom and keep in its
hive.
3-Scrubjay:This is an example of an intelligent bird as it hides its
food. But it does not realize that it hid the food in front of its friend
and that friend stole the food by fixing a plan.\
4-Squirrels:This animal also hides its food in a fascinating manner as
it digs many holes to miusguide other squirrels from finding its
food.Some time it forgets where it hid it and also acts as natures seed
spreader.
5-Dolphins:The prove of dolphins have great intelligence is given by
Hermon.He stated that dolphins have a great logical senseand can also
understand code language if trained.
--Alex the parrot is very smart parrot which learnt more than 100
words,tables until 7 and even showed similarities and differences.
1. Tasmanian Devil is the worst smelling animal in the world.
2. Some animals can spray bad smell through their bodies to
protect them selves.
3. Bombardian beetle has hydroquinone and hydrogen peroxide
stored in its body.

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