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    LabSci1 Lab Ex14

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    Hannah Mondilla
    This document describes a laboratory activity on examining the integumentary system of frogs. The objectives are to: 1) Examine and describe the layers of a frog's skin, 2) Label the parts of frog skin and interpret its function on land and in water, and 3) Understand frog body coverings. The procedure involves viewing a prepared slide of frog skin under a microscope. The skin is composed of an epidermis with stratum corneum and stratum germinativum layers, and a dermis with stratum laxum/spongiosum and stratum compactum layers. Various glands, blood vessels, nerves and other structures within the skin are also described.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    LabSci1 Lab Ex14

    Uploaded by

    Hannah Mondilla
    94 views4 pages
    This document describes a laboratory activity on examining the integumentary system of frogs. The objectives are to: 1) Examine and describe the layers of a frog's skin, 2) Label the parts of frog skin and interpret its function on land and in water, and 3) Understand frog body coverings. The procedure involves viewing a prepared slide of frog skin under a microscope. The skin is composed of an epidermis with stratum corneum and stratum germinativum layers, and a dermis with stratum laxum/spongiosum and stratum compactum layers. Various glands, blood vessels, nerves and other structures within the skin are also described.

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    LabSci1-Lab-Ex14 (4)

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    This document describes a laboratory activity on examining the integumentary system of frogs. The objectives are to: 1) Examine and describe the layers of a frog's skin, 2) Label the parts of frog skin and interpret its function on land and in water, and 3) Understand frog body coverings. The procedure involves viewing a prepared slide of frog skin under a microscope. The skin is composed of an epidermis with stratum corneum and stratum germinativum layers, and a dermis with stratum laxum/spongiosum and stratum compactum layers. Various glands, blood vessels, nerves and other structures within the skin are also described.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    94 views4 pages

    LabSci1 Lab Ex14

    Uploaded by

    Hannah Mondilla
    This document describes a laboratory activity on examining the integumentary system of frogs. The objectives are to: 1) Examine and describe the layers of a frog's skin, 2) Label the parts of frog skin and interpret its function on land and in water, and 3) Understand frog body coverings. The procedure involves viewing a prepared slide of frog skin under a microscope. The skin is composed of an epidermis with stratum corneum and stratum germinativum layers, and a dermis with stratum laxum/spongiosum and stratum compactum layers. Various glands, blood vessels, nerves and other structures within the skin are also described.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    University of San Jose - Recoletos

    College of Arts and Sciences

    ACTIVITY NO. 14
    INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
    INTRODUCTION

    Integumentary system is a skin located on the outer layer or body covering of animals that perform many
    functions namely: protection, sensation, secretion, and synthesis of some substances. This system is divided
    into two major strata, the epidermis, and dermis.

    OBJECTIVES

    1. Examine and describe the layers a frog’s skin.


    2. Label the parts of a frog skin and interpret its function on land and in water.
    3. Understand and describe frog’s body coverings.

    MATERIALS
    Prepared slide of a toad skin
    Microscope

    PROCEDURE
    A. Mount a slide of a toad skin using under the low power objective. The toad skin is composed of the
    epidermis and the dermis or corium. The epidermis is composed of epithelial cells, while the dermis is
    composed mostly of connective tissue fibers.

    B. Shift the objective to HPO and focus on the epidermal region. Note that the whole epidermis is made of
    stratified squamous epithelium. There are two layers or strata namely:
    1. Stratum corneum – outermost layer of the epidermis. This is composed of flat cells, which when
    viewed from the outside it appears as polygonal cells. These are cornified cells and are constantly
    shed by the frog. They are the same cells that have been studied as squamous epithelial cells.

    General Zoology Laboratory 69


    University of San Jose - Recoletos
    College of Arts and Sciences

    2. Stratum germinativum or stratum Malpighi – the cells of this layer are found close to the stratum
    corneum made up cuboidal, while the cells in the inner layer gradually become columnar. The inner
    layer of cells often contains chromatophores that appear as brownish spots in the section.

    C. Focus the dermis, this is the region immediately below the epidermis. The dermis is also made up of two
    strata.
    1. Stratum laxum or spongiosum
    Examine this layer closely and note the loose connective tissue fibers. This layer also contains
    membrane pigment cells, which lie just under the stratum Malpighi of the epidermis. Numerous
    bulb-like glands, and the mucous glands are also present on this layer. Focus one mucous gland that
    appears flask-shaped with a narrow neck found in the stratum germinativum and round body found
    in the stratum spongiosum. The secretion of this gland makes the frog’s body slimy. In some
    specimens, much bigger gland can be seen. This is the poison gland that secretes poisonous
    substances for defense and offense. Also found in this layer a section of blood vessels and nerves.
    2. Stratum compactum
    This appears as a solid, heavy mass of connective tissue fibers running more or less parallel to the
    surface of the skin. At certain points, connective tissue fibers carry with them blood capillaries, nerve
    cells and few muscle fibers.

    Beneath the stratum compactum, you will find a region composed of loosely arrange connective tissue fibers.
    This is not a part of the skin proper but it forms a boundary between the skin and the lymph spaces lying
    beneath.

    General Zoology Laboratory 70


    University of San Jose - Recoletos
    College of Arts and Sciences

    LABORATORY WORKSHEET TOTAL SCORE:

    ACTIVITY NO. 13
    EXTERNAL ANATOMY OF A FROG
    Name: _______________________________________________ Date: ____________________

    Instructions:
    Label the parts of a toad’s skin. (18 points)

    General Zoology Laboratory 71


    University of San Jose - Recoletos
    College of Arts and Sciences

    POST LABORATORY QUESTIONS

    ACTIVITY NO. 14
    INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

    1. As to structure, differentiate mucus gland from poison gland. (2 points)

    2. How do frogs breathe through their skin? (5 points)

    General Zoology Laboratory 72

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