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Streptococcus: Pneumoniae

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a gram-positive bacterium that can cause pneumonia, meningitis, and bacteremia in humans. It is lancet-shaped when viewed as a diplococcus. Symptoms of pneumococcal disease include cough, fever, chills, and difficulty breathing. Treatment involves antibiotics like penicillin, erythromycin, or ceftriaxone depending on the severity of infection. Vaccines are available to help prevent pneumococcal disease. S. pneumoniae differs from viridans streptococci in that it is capsulated, Quellung reaction positive, optochin sensitive, and causes primarily pneumonia rather than oral infections.

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Zeth Moturi
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47 views12 pages

Streptococcus: Pneumoniae

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a gram-positive bacterium that can cause pneumonia, meningitis, and bacteremia in humans. It is lancet-shaped when viewed as a diplococcus. Symptoms of pneumococcal disease include cough, fever, chills, and difficulty breathing. Treatment involves antibiotics like penicillin, erythromycin, or ceftriaxone depending on the severity of infection. Vaccines are available to help prevent pneumococcal disease. S. pneumoniae differs from viridans streptococci in that it is capsulated, Quellung reaction positive, optochin sensitive, and causes primarily pneumonia rather than oral infections.

Uploaded by

Zeth Moturi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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STREPTOCOCCUS

PNEUMONIAE
Streptococcus Pneumoniae

Chain Round Pneumonia

Cough

Fever

Chills

Difficulty
Breathing

Pneumonia
Gram-Positive Lancet-Shaped Diplococcus

Gram-Negative

Viridans
streptococcus Oropharynx

Blood Agar
Animals

S. pneumonaie
Human
Diseases

CAP
Meningitis Mastoiditis Meningitis
Pneumonia
Sepsis

Bacteremia Otitis Media


Sinusitis
Alcohol / Drug Intoxication
Pathogenesis Pilli
Respiratory Tract Abnormality
Abnormal Circulatory Dynamics
PsaA
Splenectomy

PspA Chronic Diseases

PspC

Lipoteichoic acid Intracellular Space

Periplasmic Space

Hyaluronate Lyase
Peptidoglycan Cell Wall

Pneumolysin Polysaccharide Capsule


Extracellular Pneumocin
Toxins / PsrP
Enzymes IgA1 Proteases NanA
PsrP PspA
Surface Anticomplement /
Adhesins Invasion Factors
NanA PspC

Pneumolysin
Extracellular
Pneumocin Toxins /
Enzymes
IgA1 Proteases PiuA
Metal Binding
Transporters
Pilli

Binding / PsaA
Lipoteichoic acid
Inflammation
Capsule Swollen Capsule
Lab Diagnosis

Quellung
Reaction
Anti-Serum

Before After
Blood Agar

Agglutination
Latex-

Latex-AB Antigen Agglutination


Treatment Most Pneumococci

Penicillin /
Erythromycin

Infection
Penicillin-
Sever Mild Resistant
Vancomycin
Penicillin G Penicillin V
Penicillin Less
Levofloxacin
Allergic Severely Ill
Erythromycin Ceftriaxone
Azithromycin Levofloxacin
Prevention
Booster

Vaccine People Older than 65 Younger than 65


Years, Received Years When They
Vaccine More than 5 Received Vaccine
Years Ago

Splenectomised
Patients Healthy
Individuals
Children Under 5 People 2 - 64 years

Pneumovax 23 Asplenic
Prevnar 13
HIV
Chemotherapy
Immunosuppressive Drugs
How S. pneumoniae is
different from Viridans
Streptococci?
Characteristics S. pneumoniae Viridans Streptococci

Morphology Lanceolate Diplococci Round in Chain

Capsule Capsulated Non-Capsulated

Quellung Test
+ -
Bile Solubility Soluble Insoluble
Optochin
Sensitivity Sensitive Insensitive

Pathogenesis Cause Mainly Pneumonia Cause Mainly Oral Infections

Alpha-Hemolytic( Aerobic Condition)


Hemolysis Alpha / Non- Hemolytic
Beta-Hemolytic( Anaerobic Condition)
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