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Lesson 1 Notes

A computer is an electronic machine that stores, organizes, and finds words, numbers, and pictures to perform calculations and control other machines. The history of computers began with early mechanical calculating devices like the abacus. Important early pioneers included Charles Babbage, who designed plans for the Analytical Engine in the 1800s, and Ada Lovelace, considered the first computer programmer. Electronic computers were developed in the mid-20th century, with ENIAC being the first general-purpose electronic computer. Programming languages and microprocessors further advanced computing technology in subsequent decades.

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32 views

Lesson 1 Notes

A computer is an electronic machine that stores, organizes, and finds words, numbers, and pictures to perform calculations and control other machines. The history of computers began with early mechanical calculating devices like the abacus. Important early pioneers included Charles Babbage, who designed plans for the Analytical Engine in the 1800s, and Ada Lovelace, considered the first computer programmer. Electronic computers were developed in the mid-20th century, with ENIAC being the first general-purpose electronic computer. Programming languages and microprocessors further advanced computing technology in subsequent decades.

Uploaded by

Liryc Andales Rosales Domingo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 1

Let’s Start!

an electronic machine that


is used for storing,
What is a organizing and finding
computer? words, numbers, and
pictures for doing
calculations, and for
controlling other machines.

The History of
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/
computer

Computers
 The ancient Romans developed an Abacus, the first “machine” for calculating.
 (Industrial Age-1600), John Napier, a Scottish nobleman and politician devoted
his leisure time to the study of mathematics. His greatest contribution was the
invention of logarithms.
 Edmund Gunter invented the logarithmic scales
 (1621- The Slide rule) William Oughtred invented the sliderule, a calculating
machine which was used until the mid-1970’s when the first handheld calculators
and microcomputers appeared.
 Blaise Pascal, a French mathematical genius, who invented a machine which he
called Pascaline that could do addition and subtraction. The Pascal programming
language was named in his honor.
 Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz invented differential and integral calculus. He
also invented a calculating machine known as Leibniz’s wheel or the Step
Reckoner. Like Pascal’s machine it could add and subtract, but could also
multiply and divide. He also invented something essential to the modern
computers- the binary arithmetic.
 (1745- Joseph Marie Jacquard) invented a really workable programmable
loom. This idea of punched data storage was later adapted for computer data
input.
 (1822- Charles Babbage) He is known as the Father of Modern Computer.
He first designed plans to build the Automatic Difference Engine. This was
designed to help in the construction of mathematical tables for navigation.
 Babbage also proposed the construction of a machine he called the Analytic
Engine.
 Ada Augusta, the Countless Lovelace, the first programmer.
 (1880- Herman Hollerith) He developed a punched card tabulating system,
allowing the system’s takers to record all the information needed on punched
cards which were then placed in a special tabulating machine with a series of
counters.
 Dr. John Vincent Atanasoff and Clifford Berry, built the first truly electronic
computer, called the Atanasoff- Berry computer or ABC. This was also the first
computer to use binary math.
 1943, Colossus 1, the first successful electronic computer which was built in
Bletchley Park, England. This was capable of performing only one function, that
of code breaking during World War II. This could not be re-programmed.
 In 1944, Dr. Howard Aiken finished the construction of the Automatic
Sequence controlled calculator.
 In 1946, ENIAC (Electrical Numerical Integrator and Calculator), the first all-
electronic calculator was designed by J. Prosper Eckert and John W. Mauchly.
This was the first multipurpose electronic computer though very difficult to re-
program.
 1948, the Transistor was invented by John Bordeen, Waltar Brattain and
William Shockly.
 1951, the first practical electronic computer was known as UNIVAC (Universal
Automatic Computer)
 In 1954, the first electronic computer for business was installed. This year was
also the beginning of operation of the IBM 650 in Boston.

From 1958-1962 many programming languages were developed:


 FORTRAN (Formula Translator)
 COBOL (Common Business Oriented Language)
 LISP (List Processor)
 ALGOL (Algorithmic Language)
 BASIC (Beginners All Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code)
https://www.cs.uah.edu/~rcoleman/Common/History/History.html
THE GENERATION OF COMPUTERS
1. Vacuum Tube Technology (1940-1956)
2. Transistors (1956-1964)
3. Integrated Circuits (1964-1971)
4. Microprocessor (1971-2010)
5. Artificial Intelligence (2010- Present)

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