Technology and

Livelihood Education 10

ICT– STE
COMPUTER
PROGRAMMING
Module 1
Learning Competency:
-Understand the history of computer and on computer
programming.
-Identify the different computer hardware and its functions

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HOW D
FOR THE LEARNER

Computer Education for the Grade 10 learners of the STE is Advanced Computer
Programming. This includes a thorough introduction to computer science and software engineering
concepts.
The lessons in this module provide various assessment tools that measure your level of un-
derstanding. The suggested instructional activities are within your capability. These activities can be
modified to adapt your needs based on the school and community facilities and resources.

HOW TO USE THIS MODULE YOU USE

THIS MOD- ULE?
Before you start with this module, pleases set aside other tasks that will distract and
hinder you in enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions below to fully enjoy the
objectives of this kit. Have fun!

1. Read each lesson on this module carefully and follow the given instructions for each of the
given learning outcome/s.

2. As you read, you can also do the hands-on to check if you were able to follow the basic
programming procedure.

3. Repeat reading the lesson if you are not sure about what to do for the next topic.

4. Demonstrate what you have learned by doing what the Activity required you to do so.

5. You must be able to apply what you have learned in another activity or in real life situation.

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 What I Know
Direction. Read the questions carefully and encircle the letter of the correct answer.
.
1. It is an electronic device designed to manipulate data, receives data and performs a
series of operations on the data by following a program and producing the desired output
or information.
A. Calculator C. Desktop
B. Computer D. Tablet
2. It is a device used in third generation of computer.
A. Integrated Circuits C. Transistors
B. Microprocessor D. Vacuum Tubes
3. It is the first counting device originated from Egypt.
A. Abacus C. Tablet
B. Laptop D. Calculator
4. It is a low-level programming language.
A. Declarative Languages C. Machine and Assembly Languages
B. Scripting Languages D. Algorithmic Languages
5. A languages used to design mathematical or symbolic computations.
A. Algorithmic Languages C. Scripting Languages
B. Declarative Languages D. Machine and Assembly Languages
6. It is a very high-level programming languages.
A. Declarative Languages C. Machine and Assembly Languages
B. Scripting Languages D. Algorithmic Languages
7. Who creates the code for software applications and operating systems?
A. Computer Technician C. Computer Analyst
B. Computer Programmer D. Computer Enthusiast
8. Which is an example of System Programmers?
A. Animators C. CAD Engineer
B. Audio Engineer D. Backend Developer
9. It is the physical components that a computer system requires to function..
A. Computer Hardware C. Operating System
B. Computer Software D. System Unit
10. It is the heart and brain of the computer.
A. Motherboard C. Hard Drive
B. Central Processing Unit D. Graphics Processing Unit

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11. It is used as permanent storage for data.
A. Hard drive C. Central Processing Unit
B. Random Access Memory D. Graphics Processing Unit
12. Which is an example of computer hardware?
A. System Unit C. Optical Disc Drive
B. Motherboard D. All of the above.
13. It is responsible for the supply of current in the computer.
A. System Unit C. Central Processing Unit
B. Power Supply Unit D. Graphics Processing Unit
14. Which is NOT TRUE on the following statement?
A. The motherboard houses the CPU
B. CPU is the heart and brain of the computer .
C. PSU stands for power sink unit
D. Hardware is the tangible part of computer.
15. Which is an example of a Web Programmers?
A. Animators C. CAD Engineer
B. Audio Engineer D. Backend Developer

LESSON 1 —Introduction to Computer

In this lesson, the learner is expected to:

 Understand the brief history of computer

 Appreciate the computer hardware.

What’s In
Direction: Answer the following questions and put/write your answers on your answer
sheets.

1. In your own words, what is computer?

________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

2. As a learner, what are the benefits that you can get from computers?
__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

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 What’s New

MATCHING TYPE:
Direction: Match Column A with Column B. Write your answer on your answer
Sheet.

Column A Column B
1. Device used in third generation of computer Lady Ada
2. First counting device originated from Egypt Vacuum Tubes
3. First Computer Programmer Charles Babbage
4. Device used in first Generation of computer Integrated Circuit
5. Father of computer Abacus

What Is It
BRIEF INTRODUCTION
A computer is an electronic, programmable device that can process, store and
retrieve and controls data or "information." It can store, recover, and process information.
You can utilize a PC to type reports, send email, and surf the Internet. You can likewise
utilize it to deal with spreadsheets, bookkeeping, database the executives, introductions,
games, and that's only the tip of the iceberg.

It was the math procedure of Abacus which was originated in Egypt and popu-
larized in China that prompted the improvement of Computers. While math device is an
old ascertaining device, Computers are present day devices, which performs numerous
capacities. The PCs have become an integral part of individuals. Math device can like-
wise be called as the most seasoned PC.

Regardless of whether you understand it or not, PCs assume a significant job in

our lives. At the point when you pull back money from an ATM, examine staple goods at
the store, or utilize an adding machine, you're utilizing a kind of PC.
Charles Babbage is considered to be the father of computer while Lady Ada is the first
computer programmer. Computer are divided into 5 generations namely:
.

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HISTORY OF COMPUTERS
First Generation: Vacuum Tubes (1940-1956)
The primary PC frameworks utilized vacuum tubes for hardware and
attractive drums for memory, and were frequently gigantic, occupying whole spaces.
These PCs were over the top expensive to work and notwithstanding utilizing a lot of
power, the primary PCs created a great deal of warmth, which was regularly the rea-
son for breakdowns.
Original PCs depended on machine language, the least level programming
language comprehended by PCs, to perform tasks, and they could just take care of
each issue in turn. It would take administrators days or even a long time to set-up
another issue. Info depended on punched cards and paper tape, and yield was shown
on printouts.
Second Generation: Transistors (1956-1963)
The world would see transistors supplant vacuum tubes in the second era
of PCs. The transistor was imagined at Bell Labs in 1947 yet didn't see broad use in
PCs until the late 1950s.
The transistor was far better than the vacuum tube, permitting PCs to
decrease, quicker, less expensive, more vitality productive and more solid than their
original ancestors. In spite of the fact that the transistor despite everything created a
lot of warmth that exposed the PC to harm, it was a tremendous improvement over the
vacuum tube. Second-age PCs despite everything depended on punched cards for
information and printouts for yield.
Third Generation: Integrated Circuits (1964-1971)
The advancement of the coordinated circuit was the sign of the third era of
PCs. Transistors were scaled down and put on silicon chips, called semiconductors,
which definitely sped up and productivity of PCs.
Rather than punched cards and printouts, clients communicated with third
era PCs through consoles and screens and interfaced with a working framework,
which permitted the gadget to run a wide range of utilizations one after another with a
focal program that observed the memory. PCs just because got open to a mass crowd
since they were littler and less expensive than their antecedents.
Fourth Generation: Microprocessors (1971-Present)
The microprocessor brought the fourth era of PCs, as a large number of co-
ordinated circuits were constructed onto a solitary silicon chip. What in the original
occupied a whole room could now fit in the palm of the hand. The Intel 4004 chip,

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 created in 1971, found all the parts of the PC—from the focal preparing unit and
memory to enter/yield controls—on a solitary chip.

Fifth Generation: Artificial Intelligence (Present and Beyond)

Fifth era figuring gadgets, in view of artificial intelligence, are still being de-
veloped, however there are a few applications, for example, voice acknowledgment,
that are being utilized today. The utilization of equal handling and superconductors is
assisting with making man-made reasoning a reality.

COMPUTER PROGRAMMING
Computer programming is the process of designing and building an execut-
able computer program for accomplishing and building an executable computer pro-
gram for accomplishing a specific computing task. Programming involves tasks such
as: analysis, generating algorithms, profiling algorithms’ accuracy and resource con-
sumption, and the implementation of algorithms in a chosen programming language
(commonly referred to as coding). The source code of a program is written in one or
more languages that are intelligible to programmers, rather than machine code, which
is directly executed by the central processing unit. The purpose of programming is to
find a sequence of instructions that will automate the performance of a task (which
can be as complex as an operating system) on a computer, often for solving a given
problem. The process of programming thus often requires expertise in several different
subjects, including knowledge of the application domain, specialized algorithms, and
formal logic.

TYPES OF COMPUTER PROGRAMMING

1. Machine and Assembly Languages - is a low-level programming language. It is a
group of languages. It implements a symbolic representation of the machine code.
2. Algorithmic Languages – are used to design mathematical or symbolic computa-
tions. It is used to express algebraic operations. This is the first high-level language.
3. Business-Oriented Languages - is a high-level programming language that is used
for business applications. It is used to design the operating system agnostic and in
many business applications today.
4. Education-Oriented Languages - are some Education-oriented languages like
BASIC, Pascal, Logo etc.
5. Scripting Languages – is a scripting language can be defined as a programming
language is used for integrating and communicating with other programming lan-
guages. JavaScript, VB Script, PHP, Perl are the most used scripting language.

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6. Document Formatting Languages - is used to specify the organization of printed
text and graphics. This mark-up describes the intended function of portions of a doc-
ument.
7. Declarative Languages - is a very high-level programming languages. It is also
known as the non-procedural programming language.
8. Object-Oriented Languages - is a computer programming language that revolves
around the concept of an object.

COMPUTER PROGRAMMER
A computer programmer creates the code for software
applications and operating systems. After a software de-
veloper designs a computer program, the programmer
writes code that converts that design into a set of in-
structions a computer can follow. They test the program
to look for errors and then rewrite it until it is error-
free. The programmer continues to evaluate programs
that are in use, making updates and adjustments as
needed.

MOST POPULAR TYPES OF A PROGRAMMER

Programmer Description Example

System Programmers The system programmer CAD Engineer
installs, customizes, and System Engineers
maintains the operating
system, and also installs or DevOps Developer
upgrades products that run Software Developer
on the system.

Web Programmers A web developer is a pro- Frontend Developer

grammer who engaged in, Backend Developer
the development of World
Wide Web applications, or Full stack web developer
applications that are run
over HTTP, CSS OR HTML
from a web server to a web
browser.

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 Game Programmers A game programmer is a Game Designer
programmer who develops Audio Engineer
codebases for video
games or related software, Lead-Programmer(Games)
such as game develop- Animators(Games)
ment tools. Game pro-
gramming has many spe-
cialized disciplines, all of
which fall under the “game
programmer”.

Application Programmers The application program- SDE1

mer is a programmer who SDE2
is responsible for design-
ing and testing program Software Engineer
logic, coding programs,
program documentation
and preparation of pro-
grams for computer opera-

What’s More
IDENTIFICATION:
Direction: Identify what is being asked, described or defined in the following.
Write your answer in your answer sheet.

_________________1. It is an electronic, programmable device that can process, store and

retrieve and controls data or information.
_________________ 2. Who is the father of computer?
_________________ 3. Who is the first lady programmer?
_________________ 4. What is the device used in the first generation computers?
_________________ 5. It is the process of designing and building an executable computer
program for accomplishing and building an executable computer
program for accomplishing a specific computing task.
_________________ 6. It is a very high-level programming languages.
_________________ 7. Who creates the code for software application and operating
systems?
_________________ 8. A programmer who engaged in, the development of World Wide
Web applications, or applications that are run over HTTP, CSS OR
HTML from a web server to a web browser.

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_________________ 9. A programmer who installs, customizes, and maintains the
operating system, and also installs or upgrades products that run
on the system.
_________________ 10. What kind of programmer is an Audio Engineer?

LESSON 2 —What is Computer Hardware?

In this lesson, the learner is expected to:

 Identify the different computer hardware and its functions

What’s New
IDENTIFY ME! - Identify the computer hardwares based on the picture given by
choosing your answer on the box below and write it on your answer sheet.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

. Digital Versatile Disk System Unit

Motherboard Optical Drive
Adapters Expansion Bus
Primary Storage Power Supply Unit
Hard Disk Drive Central Processing Unit

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 What Is It
What is Computer Hardware?
Computer hardware is the physical components that a computer system requires
to function. It encompasses everything with a circuit board that operates within a PC or lap-
top; including the motherboard, graphics card, CPU (Central Processing Unit), ventilation
fans, webcam, power supply, and so on.

What is a Motherboard?
The motherboard is at the focal point of what
makes a PC work. It houses the CPU and is a
center that all other equipment goes through. The
motherboard goes about as a mind; designating power
where it's required, speaking with and
planning over every single other segment – making it
one of the most significant bits of equipment in a PC. A
motherboard contains the different
components of computer.

What is a CPU (Central Processing/Processor Unit)?

The CPU (Central Processing Unit or processor) is answerable for preparing all data
from programs run by your PC. The 'clock speed', or the
speed at which the processor forms data, is estimated in
gigahertz (GHz). This implies a processor publicizing a high
GHz rating will probably perform quicker than a
correspondingly determined processor of a similar brand and
age. It is the heart and brain of the computer.

What is RAM?
Random Access Memory, or RAM, is
hardware found in the memory openings of the motherboard. The job of RAM is to briefly
store on-the-fly data made by programs and to do as such that makes this information
promptly open. The assignments that require irregular memory could be; rendering pictures
for visual communication, altered video or photos, performing various tasks with numerous
applications open (for instance, running a game on one screen and visiting by means of
Discord on the
other).

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What is a Hard Drive?
The hard drive is a capacity gadget answerable
for putting away lasting and impermanent information.
This information comes in a wide range of structures,
however is basically anything spared or introduced to
a PC: for instance, PC programs, family photographs,
working framework, word-handling archives, etc.

What is a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)?

Particularly significant for 3D rendering, the GPU does precisely what its name
proposes and forms enormous batches of realistic information. You will find that your PC's
illustrations card has at any rate one GPU. Instead of the essential on-board realistic abilities
that PC motherboards gracefully, committed designs cards interface with the motherboard
by means of a development space to work only on realistic rendering. This likewise implies
you can overhaul your illustrations card in the event that you need to get more execution
from your PC.

What is a Power Supply Unit (PSU)?

A power supply unit, ordinarily condensed as
PSU, accomplishes something beyond flexibly your PC with
power. It is the point where force enters your framework
from an outside force source and is then dispensed by the
motherboard to singular part equipment. Not all power sup-
plies are made similarly be that as it may, and without the
correct wattage PSU your framework will neglect to work.

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 What’s More
Directions: List down 10 computer hardware and give its functions. Write your
answer in your answer sheets.

COMPUTER HARDWARE FUNCTIONS

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

What I Have Learned

Direction: Fill in the blanks with the correct word from the word poll. Write your answer in
your answer sheets.

Application Programmer Power Supply Hard Disk Drive

Computer Programmer Random Access Memory Integrated Circuits
Application Programmer Central Processing Unit Vacuum Tubes
Algorithmic Languages Computer Hardware Abacus
Business-Oriented Languages Charles Babbage Lady Ada

_________________ 1. It is a device used in third generation of computer.

_________________ 2. It is the first counting device originated from Egypt.
_________________ 3. Who is the first Computer Programmer?
_________________ 4. Who is the Father of Computer?
_________________ 5. It is a device used in the First Generation of Computer.
_________________ 6. It is the tangible part of computer.
_________________ 7. It is the heart and brain of the computer.
_________________ 8. It is also known as the primary memory.
_________________ 9. It is considered as secondary storage device

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_________________ 10. It is responsible for the supply of current in the computer.
_________________ 11. It is a high-level programming language that is used for business
applications.
_________________ 12. A language used to design mathematical or symbolic
computations
_________________ 13. Who creates the code for software applications and operating
systems.
_________________ 14. Is a programmer who is responsible for designing and testing
program logic, coding programs, program documentation and
preparation of programs for computer operations.
_________________ 15. Is a programmer who develops codebases for video games or
related software.

What I can do
Fill in the blocks. Cut and paste a picture of computer hardware's and write their
functions

COMPUTER HARDWARE AND THEIR FUNCTIONS

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 Assessment
POST TEST
Direction: Write the letter of your answer on your answer sheets.
1. Who creates the code for software applications and operating systems?
A. Computer Technician C. Computer Analyst
B. Computer Programmer D. Computer Enthusiast
2. It is a low-level programming language.
A. Declarative Languages C. Machine and Assembly Languages
B. Scripting Languages D. Algorithmic Languages
3. A languages used to design mathematical or symbolic computations.
A. Algorithmic Languages C. Scripting Languages
B. Declarative Languages D. Machine and Assembly Languages
4. It is a very high-level programming languages.
A. Declarative Languages C. Machine and Assembly Languages
B. Scripting Languages D. Algorithmic Languages
,

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5. It is used as permanent storage for data.
A. Hard drive C. Central Processing Unit
B. Random Access Memory D. Graphics Processing Unit
6. Which is an example of computer hardware?
A. System Unit C. Optical Disc Drive
B. Motherboard D. All of the above.
7. It is responsible for the supply of current in the computer.
A. System Unit C. Central Processing Unit
B. Power Supply Unit D. Graphics Processing Unit
8. Which is NOT TRUE on the following statement?
A. The motherboard houses the CPU
B. CPU is the heart and brain of the computer .
C. PSU stands for power sink unit
D. Hardware is the tangible part of computer.
9. Which is an example of a Web Programmers?
A. Animators C. CAD Engineer
B. Audio Engineer D. Backend Developer
10. Which is an example of System Programmers?
A. Animators C. CAD Engineer
B. Audio Engineer D. Backend Developer
11. It is the physical components that a computer system requires to function..
A. Computer Hardware C. Operating System
B. Computer Software D. System Unit
12. It is the heart and brain of the computer.
A. Motherboard C. Hard Drive
B. Central Processing Unit D. Graphics Processing Unit
13. Who is the father of Computer?
A. Albert Einstein C. Thomas Edison
B. John Napier D. Charles Babbage
14. It is the first counting device originated from Egypt.
A. Abacus C. Punched Card
B. Calculators D. Smartphones
15. It is an electronic, programmable device that can process, store and retrieve and
controls data or information.
A. Calculator C. Desktop
B. Computer D. Tablet

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