ELEMENTS OF

REMOTE SENSING
SECTION 1 - 3
BY INDIABIX

Prepared by:

ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

Lecturer – CEGS, CSU, Ampayon, Butuan City
Proprietor – ABATAYO Land Surveying Services
1. Which one of the following statements is correct ?

a. Snow albedo falls at all wave length with the increase of grain
size
b. The effect of grain size on reflection is maximum in the near-
IR region
c. The effect of grain size on reflection is low in the visible
region of the spectrum
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

2. The refractive index of the ocean water.

a. increases with salinity.

b. increases with temperature.
c. decreases with salinity
d. decreases with temperature

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

3. The arrangement of terrain features which provides attributes:
the shape, size and texture of objects, is called :

a. spectral variation
b. spatial variation
c. temporal variation
d. None of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

4. Electromagnetic radiation :

a. once generated, remains self-propagat-ing

b. produces a time varying magnetic field and vice versa
c. is capable to travel across space
d. consists of magnetic and electric fields
e. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

5. Pick up the important characteristic of a target which facilitates
its identification from the following :

a. spectral variation
b. spatial variation
c. temporal variation
d. polarisation variation
e. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

6. Which one of the following frequency regions is a part of sun's
radiation?

a. Ultraviolet frequency region

b. Visible frequency region
c. Infrared frequency region
d. Radio frequency region.
e. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

7. The instruments which provide electromagnetic radiation of
specified wave length or a band of wave lengths to illuminate the
earth surface, are called :

a. Sensors
b. passive sensors.
c. active sensors
d. None of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

8. Due to pertubation of the orbit, satellite orbit parameters are
frequently updated on measurements carried out by its

a. six ground stations

b. five ground stations
c. four ground stations
d. three ground stations

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

9. Coherence of two electromagnetic waves takes place if their
phase difference is :

a. constant in time
b. constant in space
c. constant in time and space
d. None of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

10. The part radiation due to scattered/diffused radiation entering
the field of view of a remote sensor other than that from the
required target,

a. reduces the contrast of the image and also its sharpness

b. increases the contrast of the image but reduces the sharpness
c. increases both the contrast and sharpness
d. reduces the contrast but increases the sharpness

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

11. Which one of the following residual biases involves the GPS
accuracy ?

a. Satellite dependent bases due to uncertainty in the orbital

parameters of the satellite.
b. Receiver-dependent biases due to clock stability with line
c. Signal propagation bases due to the sphere and troposphere
propagation.
d. All the above

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

12. Pick up the correct definition from the following with
response to GIS.

a. Common boundary between two areas of a locality is known as

adjacency.
b. The area features which are wholly contained within another
area feature, is known so containment.
c. The geometric property which describes the linkage between
line features is defined as connectivity.
d. All of these
PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP
13. Which one of the following errors is produced by platform
characteristics of the sensor ?

a. altitude variation
b. Altitude
c. orbit drift
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

14. The coherence length over which there is a strong relationship
between amplitudes is;

a. directly proportional to the bandwidth

b. inversely proportional to the bandwidth
c. the square of the bandwidth
d. none of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

15.

In the given figure the face of

a. crest A is π/2
b. B crossing is π
c. trough C is 3 π/2
d. All of these
PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP
16. If 0 is the angle of scan measured from the nadir, the ground
distance swept by the sensor IFOV is proportional to :

a. Sin2θ
b. cos2θ
c. sec2θ
d. Tan2θ

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

17. Which one of the following statements is correct regarding the
GPS satellites ?

a. The nominal altitude is about 20, 200 km

b. The inclination of axis satellite is 55°
c. The satellite transmits two L band signals (L1 with 1575.42
MHz and L2 with 1276.6 MHz)
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

18. Pick up the correct statement from the following:

a. Indian space effort started in 1962 with the establishment of a

rocket.
b. Development of space (DOS) was established by the
Government of India in 1972
c. Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is responsible for
the space technology and its application to various activities.
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

19. Rayleigh's criteria for a rough surface is: (where letters carry
their usual meanings).

a. h > λ/Δ cos θ

b. h = λ/8 cos θ
c. h > λ/8 cos θ
d. h < λ/8 cos θ

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

20. Pick up the correct statement from the following :

a. The distance between two successive crests or troughs of a

wave, is called, the wave length
b. The wave length is measured in meters and a fraction of a
meter
c. The wave length is generally denoted by λ
d. The length of the crest from the mid point, is called amplitude
e. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

21. The basic requirement of any sensor system, is :

a. radiometric resolution
b. spatial resolution
c. spectral resolution
d. temporal resolution
e. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

22. Which one of the following helps to identify the objects on the
earth surface ?

a. atmospheric window
b. Signature
c. radiometric error
d. None of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

23. The spectral region of the electromagnetic radiation which
passes through the atmosphere without much attenuation is known
as:

a. ozone hole
b. atmospheric window
c. ozone window
d. black hole

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

24. Which one of the following statements is correct?

a. During the day, earth reflects solar radiation

b. During the day earth reflects both solar radiation the emission
from its surface
c. During the night, earth emits radiation from its surface
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

25. The remote sensing techniques applied for the earth's surface
features, is generally confined to the following wave lengths :

a. 0.4 to 1.3, 1.5 to 1.8, 2.2 to 2.6 μm

b. 2.2 to 2.6, 3.0 to 3.6, 4.2 to 5.0 μm
c. 4.2 to 5.0, 7.0 to 15.0 μm and 1 cm to 30 cm
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

26. The value of energy quantum for radiation of any frequency is
proportional to :

a. the frequency
b. the reciprocal of the energy
c. the square of the frequency
d. the square root of the frequency

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

27. The phase difference of the waves 1 and 2 at A in the given
figure is :

a. π/4
b. π/2
c. Π
d. 3π/2

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

28. A perfectly black body :

a. is a diffuse emitter
b. absorbs all the radiations of every wave lengths
c. emits power of every wave length
d. All the above

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

29. Pick up the correct statement from the following :

a. When the electric field oscillates in the direction of the electric

vector, a plane polarised wave is formed.
b. When the electric vector is in the plane of incidence, vertical
polarisation is formed.
c. When the electric vector is at right angles to the plane of
incidence, horizontal polarization wave is formed.
d. The plane containing the incident ray and normal to the
reflecting surface at the point of incidence is called the plane of
incidence.
e. All of these PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP
30. Pick up the correct statement from the following:

a. Phase of a wave is expressed as a fraction of a period with

respect to a reference
b. Phase is usually specified by angular measure with one period
being 360°
c. The reference for finding the phase of a wave is taken from the
previous passage through zero from the negative to the positive
direction.
d. All of these
PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP
31. A and B are two towers of equal height diametrically opposite
on either side of the nadir point, at 3 km and 5 km distances.
Which one of the following statements is correct?

a. Height displacement of A will be less than that of B

b. Height displacement of B will be less than that of A
c. Height displacement of A and B is equal
d. Height displacement of A and B will be towards each other

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

32. Remote sensing techniques makes use of the properties of-----
emitted, reflected or diffracted by the sensed objects

a. Sound waves
b. electric waves
c. electromagnetic waves
d. wind waves

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

33. Which one of the following parameters is accurate for DGPS.

a. Positional accuracies ~ 1 - 2 m if rover is less than 1-2 km

from the reference station
b. Positional accuracies ~ 2 - 5m if rover is less than 2-5 fm from
the reference station mountaineous region.
c. Positional accuracies ~ 5 - 10 m if rover is less than 5-10 km
from reference station
d. Positional accuracies ~ 5 - 10 m if rover is less than 25 km

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

34. The most widely used antenna in GPS is

a. Parabolid antenna
b. Microstrip antenna
c. Horn antenna
d. Slotted antenna

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

35. Which one of the following statements regarding remote
sensing is correct.

a. The interaction of the electromagnetic radiation with the target

b. The emission of electromagnetic radiation from the target
c. both (a) and (b)
d. Neither (a) nor (b)

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

36. "An Electromagnetic wave falls on to a boundary between two
loss less homogeneous media with different refractive indices, a
part of the wave is reflected back to the incident medium and the
rest is transmitted on to the second media". This phenomenon is
known as:

a. Fresnel reflection
b. Fresnel refraction
c. Snell's law
d. None of these
PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP
37. Which one of the following relationship between the wave
length (λ), and frequency and the speed (C) of the electromagnetic
wave is correct ?

a. C = v + λ
b.

c. C = vλ

d. d
PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP
38. The various stages occurring in GPS system are described
below :
1. Generation of an output to the user
2. Detection of the GPS signal
3. Processing the data in the built-in-computer
4. Decoding the GPS signal.
The correct sequence of the stages is :

a. 1, 2, 3, 4
b. 2, 3, 4, 1
c. 2, 4, 3, 1
d. 3, 1, 2 , 4 PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP
39. The reflection of solar energy is characterized by the water
content in the leaf, in the reflective optical infrared:

a. visible (0.4 - 0.7 μm) region

b. near-IR (0.7 - 1.3 μm) region
c. short wave-IR (1.3 - 2.7 μm) region
d. None of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

40. Which one the following is a correct statement?

a. The vertical section of the soil extending into the parent

material, is called profile
b. The layers of the soil parallel to the earth surface, are called
horizons.
c. The transitional layer between two adjoining horizons, is called
boundary.
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

41. The entire range of the electromagnetic spectrum spans a large
spectrum of wave lengths varying from:

a. 10-10 to 106 m
b. 10-8 to 106 m
c. 10-10 to 1010 m
d. 10-8 to 108 m

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

42. Pick up the correct statement from the following :

a. Topology describes the geometric characteristic of objects

which do not change under transformations and are
independent of any coordinate system.
b. Topological characteristics of an object are independent of
scale measurement
c. The three elements of topology are adjacency, containment,
and connectivity
d. All of these
PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP
43. Which one of the following parameters is considered to
determine the reflectance of a vegetation canopy?

a. Solar zenith angle

b. Azimuth angle
c. Look angle
d. Number and arrangement of leaves
e. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

44. A reduction of nitrogen nutrient in plants

a. affects leaf color

b. reduces pigment concentration.
c. increase the visible reflectivity.
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

45. Pick up the correct statement from the following:

a. The surface defined by the locus of points having same phase,

is called a wave front.
b. The wave whose surface of constant phase are parallel planes,
is known as a plane wave.
c. The relative phase difference between the waves is important
and not the absolute phase of a point on the wave.
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

46. Leaf relactance depends primarily on:

a. the pigments
b. internal cell structure
c. equivalent water content
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

47. Pick up the correct statement from the following

a. The ratio of the up flux and down flux just above the snow
surface, is called albedo
b. Spectral albedo of snow is calculated for the semi-infinite
snow thickness
c. Water equivalent height of snow is the height of water column
obtained by melting snow.
d. A homogeneous snow pack is one whose average grain size
does not vary with depth.
e. All of these PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP
48. Pick up the correct statement from the following:

a. Permeability is a measure of conducting the magnetic lines of

force in the material.
b. Permeability is a measure of the extent to which magnetic lines
of force can penetrate a medium.
c. Permeability is expressed as the ratio of the magnetic flux
density (B) to the field strength of the magnetizing field
d. The force between the magnetic poles is inversely proportional
to the permeability of the medium.
e. All of these
PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP
49. Pick up the correct statement from the following:

a. In remote sensing technique, the observation place, is called a

platform
b. Platforms may be either stationary or mobile
c. Spatial resolution of the imaging system becomes poorer with
increase of platform height.
d. Area coverage of the imaging system increases with the
increase of the platform altitude.
e. All of these
PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP
50. Which one of the following statements is correct?

a. The function of an information system is to improve ones

ability to make decisions
b. The information system is the chain of operations
c. A map is a collection of stored, analyzed data, its stored
information is suitability used in making decisions
d. All the above

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

51. The interaction of the electromagnetic radiation produced with
a specific wave length to illuminate a target on the terrain for
studying its scattered radiance, is called:

a. passive remote sensing

b. active remote sensing
c. neutral remote sensing.
d. None of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

52. The normal altitude of GPS satellite is about

a. 16, 200 km
b. 20, 200 km
c. 24, 400 km
d. 36, 100 km

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

53. Repetitive observations of the same area at equal interval of
time, are useful to monitor the dynamic phenomena :

a. Cloud evolution
b. Vegetative cover
c. Snow cover
d. Forest fires
e. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

54. Orbital radius of GPS satellites is approximately:

a. 15,200 km
b. 26,600 km
c. 18,400 km
d. 36,000 km

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

55. Which one of the following statement is incorrect regarding
the electromagnetic radiation?

a. These are produced by the motion of electric charge

b. The oscillation of charged particles sets up changing electric
fields.
c. The changing electric fields induce the changing magnetic
fields in the surrounding medium.
d. None of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

56. Consider the following statements regarding the satellite
imaging :
1. The satellite orbit is fixed in the inertial space
2. During successive across-track imaging, the earth rotates
beneath the sensor
3. The satellite images a skewed area 
Which one of the following statements is/are correct ?

a. 1, 2, 3
b. 1, 3
c. 2, 3
d. 1, 2
PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP
57. Which one of the following statements is correct?

a. π radians equal to 180°.

b. The cone subtended by an area on the sphere at the centre, is
called the solid angle.
c. The solid angle is equal to the ratio of the area on the sphere
and the square of the radius of the sphere.
d. The unit of the solid angle is steradian (Sr)
e. All of these
PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP
58. If flying height of a spacecraft is H, the length of air base
is B and the parallax difference between two points is dp, then the
difference in height

a.

b.

c.

d. PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

59. In GPS, receivers are used are ;

a. electronic clocks
b. atomic clocks
c. quartz clocks
d. mechanical clocks

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

60. Formation of snow occurs if the cloud temperature is:

a. just above the freezing point

b. at the freezing point
c. below the freezing point
d. None of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

61. In case of reflection and refraction of electromagnetic
radiation,

a. angle of incidence = angle of refraction

b. angle of incidence = angle of reflection
c. angle of refraction = sum of the angles of incidence and
refraction
d. All the above

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

62. For interpolation of satellite data used for monitoring dynamic
changes that occur on the earth surface, the most suitable orbit for
the satellite is :

a. circular orbit
b. sun-synchronous orbit
c. near polar orbit
d. None of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

63. The altitudinal distance of a geostationary satelite from the
earth is about:

a. 26, 000 km
b. 30, 000 km
c. 36, 000 km
d. 44, 000 km

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

64. Geodimeter is based on :

a. propagation of modulated light waves

b. propagation of infrared radiation
c. the visible light as carrier with frequency of the order of 5 x
1014Hz
d. high frequency radio waves.

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

65. A passive sensor uses :

a. sun as the source of energy

b. flash light as a source of energy
c. its own source of energy
d. None of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

66. The infrared portion of EMR lies between

a. 0.4 - 0.7 μm
b. 0.5 mm to lm
c. 0.7 - 1.3 μm
d. 0.7 to 14 μm

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

67. Who coined the term, 'Remote sensing'.

a. Evelyn L. Pruitt, a geographer

b. Gaspard Felix Tournachon, a French scientist
c. Wilbur Wright, an Italian sciencist
d. None of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

68. For C band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) with Doppler
band width of 1300 Hz, the coherence length lcoh is:

a. 130 km
b. 230 km
c. 250 km
d. 500 km

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

69. Pick up the correct statement from the following:

a. A graphical representation of spectral reflectance versus the

various growth stages of a crop, depicts a phenologic pattern
b. The changes in the polarization of the radiation reflected or
emitted by an object, is known as polarization variation
c. The degree of polarization is a characteristic of the object
which helps in the identification of the object..
d. Signatures only provide statistical nature and are not
completely deterministic
e. All of these
PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP
70. The optical property of a water body depends on:

a. absorption by the dissolve material

b. absorption by the suspended particulate matter
c. scattering by the suspended particulate matter
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

71. Crop Acreage and Production Estimation (CAPE) was funded
and taken up in 1983 by:

a. USA
b. European Union
c. Russia
d. India

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

72. Electromagnetic spectrum contains :

a. gamma rays (wave length < 10-10 m)

b. ultraviolet rays (wave length < 10-6 m)
c. infrared rays (wave length < 10-4 m)
d. radio rays (wave length > 1 m)
e. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

73. The ratio of the total solar radiant energy returned by a
planetary body to the total radiant energy incident on the body, the
called:

a. Reflectance
b. reflectance factor
c. Albedo
d. None of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

74. Spatial variation in horizontal and vertical directions, is caused
due to :

a. physical weathering of rocks

b. chemical weathering of rocks
c. Biological weathering of rocks
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

75. Pick up the correct statement from the following :

a. Frequency is the number of wave crests passing a fixed point

in one second
b. Frequency of a wave is measured in Hertz (Hz)
c. Amplitude of a wave is the height of its crust from the mid-
point.
d. The square of the amplitude is proportional to the energy
transported by the wave.
e. All of these
PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP
76. If electric permittivity and magnetic permeability of the
medium are respectively ε and μ, then the velocity (Cm) of the
electromagnetic wave in the medium is given by :

a.

b.

c.

d. None of these
PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP
77. Earth observations from a satellite platform provides :

a. synoptic view of a large area

b. constant solar zenith angles and similar illumination
conditions.
c. repetitive observations of the same area with intervals of a few
minutes to a few weeks
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

78. Due to scan geometery of a satellite sensor:

a. the off-nadir resolution is degraded

b. the ground distance swept by the senor, IFOV is proportional
to sec2θ, where θ is the angle of scan measured from the nadir
c. the details towards the edge of the scan get compressed
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

79. 'A time varying electric field produces a magnetic field.' This
phoenomena is called:

a. Hertz's law
b. Ampere Maxwell's law
c. Faraday's law
d. Kirchoff s law

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

80. Which one of the following quantities forms the basis of
radiometry?

a. Radiant energy (Q)

b. Radiant flux (φ)
c. Radiant intensity (I)
d. Radiance (L)
e. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

81. The maximum sun's radiation occurs around:

a. 0.4 μm wave length

b. 0.55 μ wave length
c. 0.7 μ wave length
d. None of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

82. Pick up the correct statement from the following :

a. The minimum frequency of light for which no electrons are

emitted, is called threshold frequency.
b. Polarizing angle of glass is 57°.5
c. At the polarizing angle, the reflected and refracted rays are
orthogonal
d. All the above

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

83. Pick up the correct statement from the following:

a. The refractive index of a medium varies according to the

wavelength of the radiation,
b. The variation of the refractive index with wave length, is called
dispersion,
c. The splitting of colors of white light by passing through a
prism, is caused due to dispersion.
d. All the these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

84. Which one of the following attributes is not associated with
digital maps

a. Color
b. Symbology
c. Legends
d. south arrow

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

85. The object of photo-interpretation is:

a. Identification
b. recognition of objects
c. judging the significance of objects
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

86. Pick up the correct statement from the following :

a. The first man-made satellite, Sputnikl' was launched on 4th

October, 1957
b. The United State's Explorer 6 transmitted the first picture of
the earth in August 1959
c. U.S.A.'s highly secret mission CORONA started the collection
of intelligence photography in 1960
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

87. Which one of the following statement is correct ?

a. Radiant energy expressed in Joules, is the energy associated

with electromagnetic radiation
b. The rate of transfer of radiant energy is called flux and is
expressed in watts
c. The radiant energy which falls upon a surface, is termed as
irradiance.
d. The radiant energy which falls away from the surface is termed
as radientexitance and is measured in Wm -2
e. All of these
PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP
88. DGPS is based on the concept that base errors in the position
of locations in a given local area, are same if their distances are
within

a. 25 km
b. 50 km
c. 75 km
d. 100 km
e. 1250 km

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

89. The reflectance from a surface is called specular reflection if it
follows: .

a. Snells's law
b. Lambert's cosine law
c. Planktan's law
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

90. The changes in the reflectivity/emis-sivity with time, is
called :

a. spectral variation
b. spatial variation
c. temporal variation
d. None of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

91. Pick up the correct statement from the following:

a. Phytoplankton contains photosynthetically active pigment.

b. An increase of phytoplankton increases the back scattering in
the green region
c. An increase of phytoplankton absorbs the bule region rapidly
d. An increase of phytoplankon decreases the back scattering in
the green region

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

92. According to the Snell's law if an electromagnetic wave is
incident in a medium (refractive index n1) on an other medium
(refractive index m2);

a. the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of refraction

b. the angle of refraction (θr) is given by

c. Both (a) and (b)
d. neither (a) nor (b)
PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP
93. Which one of the following factors does not affect the scale of
the air photographs :

a. focal length
b. flying height
c. ground elevation
d. None of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

94. While propagating through homogeneous, isotropic media,

a. directions of both the fields are orthogonal

b. both the fields are at right angles to the direction of
propagation.
c. both (a) and (b)
d. niether (a) nor (b).

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

95. Identification of crops is affected by:

a. the spectral characteristics of the sensor.

b. the spatial characteristics of the sensor.
c. the radio metric characteristics of the sensor
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

96. In sun light, water rich in phytoplanktons appears :

a. Red
b. Green
c. Brown
d. canal system.
e. Blue

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

97. The semi-infinite snow albedo is proportional to the square
root of the grain radius :

a. in the 0.2 to 0.4 μm wave length region.

b. in the 0.4 to 0.8 μm wave length region
c. in the 0.8 to 1.2 μm wave length
d. None of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

98. Depending upon the nature of the targeted object and the
wave length of the electromagnetic radiation incident on it,
the radiation gets :
a. Reflected
b. Absorbed
c. re-radiated
d. transmitted through
e. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

99. Which one of the following statements is correct ?
a. Each satellite of the GPS system transmits two L band signals
b. The two L band signals are modulated by the Pseudorandom
binary codes (PN).
c. The GPS receiver reads the specific code of the satellite.
d. The PN code determines the time taken by the receiver to
reach the receiver which is converted into distance
e. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

100. All bodies at temperatures above absolute zero degree
emit electromagnetic radiation at different wave length", is
known as:
a. Plank's law
b. Planktan's law
c. Lambert's cosine law
d. None of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

101. Assuming n as the frequency of radiation, n0 as the
threshold frequency and k as a constant, the energy of the
photo-electrons (E) is related as
a. E = k (n - n0)
b. E = k (n + n0)
c. E = k (n x n0)
d.
PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP
102. In which part of the reflective optical infrared region, the
effect of multiple leaves in vegetation canopy is maximum ?
a. The near-IR (0.7 - 1.3 μm) region
b. The visible (0.4 - 0.7 μm) region
c. The short wave IR (1.3 - 2.7 μm) region
d. In all the above region

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

103. Which one of the following statements is correct ?
a. The ratio of the permitivity of a medium and the
free space, is called relative permitivity.
b. Dielectric constant is a pure number and has no
dimensions.
c. The dielectric constant of pure water is 80.
d. Higher the dielectric constant of a medium, the
poorer is its electric conductivity.
e. All of these
PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP
104. The energy transported by the electromagnetic wave is
proportional to :

a. the altitude of the wave

b. the square of the altitude of the wave
c. the cube of the altitude of the wave
d. the square roof of the amplitude

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

105. Which one of the following is incorrect statement?
While passing through the atmosphere, the solar radiation,
a. remains unaffected
b. gets scattered
c. gets absorbed partially
d. None of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

106. The leaf area index (LAI) is :
a. one sided leaf area per unit area of the ground
b. two sided leaf area per -unit area of the ground
c. the average of the two sided area per unit area of the
ground
d. None of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

107. In sun-light water poor in phyto plank tons appears :
a. deep blue
b. Red
c. Green
d. Yellow

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

108. A remote sensor photographic camera :
a. responses spectrum up to about 0.9 μ
b. does not cover short wave IR region
c. does not cover thermal IR region
d. All the above

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

109. Pick up the correct statement from to following:
a. For complete temporal coherence, the waves must be mono
chromatic.
b. For spatial coherence, the phase difference between two
points in space is constant with time.
c. Superposition of the coherent waves produce interference
d. With 0 phase difference, the constructive interference takes
place.
e. All of these
PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP
110. Which one of the following statements is not correct?

a. GIS technology is the same as traditional mapping

b. GIS technology is a tool box for processing maps and
fundamental concepts for spatial measurement
c. GIS technology contains analytic capabilities for
overlaying maps
d. GIS technology is capable to study the environmental
surrondings

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

111. With the increase of turbidity, the muddy water appears
brown due to the shift of the upward radiance peak towards :

a. Red
b. Green
c. Yellow
d. Blue

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

112. Remote sensing techniques are being usefully employed for
the purpose of:

a. improving natural resource management

b. land use
c. protection of the environment
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

113. Which one of the following can travel through empty space :

a. sound waves
b. water waves
c. electromagnetic waves
d. spring waves

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

114. The main functional blocks of a mul-tispectral scanner (MSS)
are given below :
1. Video processor
2. Dispersive system
3. Detector
4. Signal conditioner
5. Collecting optics
Which one of the following sequences is correct?
a. 1, 4, 5, 3, 2
b. 5, 3, 2, 4, 1
c. 5, 2, 3, 1, 4
d. 1, 3, 2, 4, 5
PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP
115. Pick up the correct statement from the following:

a. Photography was developed in 1826

b. Balloons were used as stable platform for aerial photography in
1903
c. The first aerial photography from an aerocraft was made by
Willeur Wright in 1909 in Italy.
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

116. Pick up the correct statement from the following:

a. Electromagnetic wave is composed of electric and magnetic

fields
b. Electric and magnetic fields of electromagnetic wave remain
mutually orthogonal and transverse to the direction of
propagation.
c. If the electromagnetic wave moves in the z-direction, its
electric vector remains in the XY plane along any direction.
d. Polirization defines the orientation of the fields
e. All of these
PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP
117. The information system is the chain of the following
operations, 
1. Collection of data
2. Planning the observations
3. Analysis of data
4. Decision making process Which one of the chains is correct ?
a. 4, 1, 2, 3
b. 2, 1, 3, 4
c. 3, 2, 1, 4
d. 1, 3, 4, 2

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

118. Polarising angle (i) and refractive index (μ) of the reflecting
surface are related by:

a. sin i = μ
b. cos i = μ
c. tan i = μ

d.

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

119. Pick up the incorrect statement regarding the optical infrared
region of the electromagnetic spectrum from the following :

a. visible region, 0.4 μm - 0.7 μm

b. short wave infrared region, 0.7 μ m - 1.5 μm
c. near infrared region, 1.5 μ m - 3.0 μm
d. microwave infrared region, 3.0 μ m - 8.0 μm

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

120. Phytoplanktons :

a. are microscopic plants

b. are the first link in all the aquatic and marine food chains
c. convert solar energy, dissolved carbon and nitrogen into
organic biomass
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

121. The maximum absorption of solar radiation due to ozone
occurs at wave lengths:

a. shorter than 0.3 μm

b. shorter than 0.2 μm
c. greater than 0.3 μm
d. None of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

122. Which one of the following statements is correct to remote
sensing?

a. The basic property used to identify objects, is called signature.

b. The ratio of the reflected flux to incident flux is called
reflectance which varies fron 0 to 1
c. The surface from which emergent radiance is constant in all
directions is called Lambertian surface.
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

123. Which one of the following frequencies is a GPS ?

a. L1 with frequency 1520 MHz

b. L1 with frequency 1575.42 MHz
c. L1 with frequency 1227.6 MHz
d. L1 with frequency 1280.43 Hz

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

124. Snow cover on the earth surface :

a. gives the highest reflectance in the visible spectrum

b. shows marked variation in its reflectance characteristics
c. Shows side variation in the grain size
d. all the above.

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

125. The emission of electrons from a metal plate exposed to light
depends on the :
a. intensity of the light
b. frequency of light
c. both (a) and (b)
d. neither (a) nor (b)

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

126. The range measurements in GPS are made with :

a. 3 L - band frequencies
b. 2 L - band frequencies
c. 2 C - band frequencies
d. 3 C - band frequencies

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

127. 'A time varying magnetic field produces an electric field'.
This phenomenon is known as

a. Newton's law
b. Kirchofflaw
c. Ampere Maxwell law
d. Faraday's law

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

128. For obtaining accurate distance of the satellite

a. the GPS receiver slides its codes backwards until it

synchronises with the satellite signals
b. the signal arrival time is corrected for tropospheric and
ionospheric delays
c. the carrier phase measurement technique is adopted
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

129. GPS has been widely recognized as accurate, fast and cost-
effective method for the following:
a. Collection of the geographic coordinate data used in GIS
b. for movement of navigation
c. For determination of precise orbit and altitude of low earth
orbiting satellites
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

130. Electromagnetic waves are characterised by :

a. Frequency
b. wave length
c. Intensity
d. direction of travel and plane of polarisation.
e. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

131. The solid angle subtended by the sphere is :

a. 2π
b. 3π
c. 4π
d. 6π

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

132. For accurate position fix, the three satellites:

a. must be along a common arc

b. must be in vertical line above the receiver
c. must be widely separated and well distributed
d. must be such that one satellite is overhead of the receiver and
other two widely separated

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

133. Pick up the correct statement from the following:

a. Water molecules and salt-ions in the ocean scatter the lower

wave length more
b. An increase in the back scattering coefficient with shorter wave
length gives a deep blue colour for clear oceanic water
c. The ratio of the upwelling irradiance just below the surface and
downwelling irradiance just above the surface is called
reflectance ratio.
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

134. Pick up the correct statement from the following

a. The wave length of gamma rays is 10-10 m

b. The wave length of radio rays is 106 m
c. The visible length occupies a small portion of the
electromagntic spectrum extending roughly from 0.4 μ m to
0.7μm wave length.
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

135. The various stages of formation of snow are listed below :
1. Formation of ice crystals
2. Formation of snow pallets
3. Formation of snow flakes
4. Formationof snow crystals
5. Formation of rimed crystals
Which one of the following sequences is correct ?
a. 3 2 5 1 4
b. 5 3 1 2 4
c. 1 4 3 5 2
d. 1 3 4 2 5
PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP
136. Snow consists of

a. snow crystals
b. rimed snow crystals
c. snow flakes
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

137. For perfect coherent radiation, which one of the following
statement is correct?

a. Both the waves must have single frequencies

b.  The directions of motion of both waves are parallel.
c. The waves must be collimated
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

138. Fresh and pure snow reflectance

a. is very high in visible region

b. falls off steeply in the near-IR region
c. remains low for longer wave lengths
d. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP

139. Snow albedo is affected by :

a. wave length
b. grain size
c. solar zenith angle
d. snow pack thickness
e. All of these

PREPARED BY: ENGR. BRODDETT B. ABATAYO, GE, REA, EnP