e-ISSN: 2456-3463

International Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Science, Vol. 2, No.1, 2019

www.ijies.net

Development of Fuzzy Logic Control for Liquid

Level Control System
1
Chaitali Gajarlawar, 2Sagar Jojare, 3Madhu Choudhari, 4Ashwini Tamgadage
Students, Final Year BE Instrumentation Engineering
1
[email protected]:[email protected]: [email protected]:
4
[email protected].
Government College of Engineering, Chandrapur, 442401

Abstract – The Proportional Integral Derivative (PID)

controller is the best-known controller used in many
industrial processes because of simple structure and
tuning method. However, PID control will not give
significant control performance where system involves
large parametric uncertainties and nonlinearity. Also for
better performance by PID controller demands exact
mathematical model of the system. In this paper, by
considering above limitations of the existing PID
controller, a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) is designed
for controlling liquid level process. The design approach
for FLC is simple, model-free, intelligent control which
simply models expert‟s knowledge into automatic control. Fig. 1: Front view of the system
The rule base is constructed to have robust control
In all aspects of multivariable process control and for
performance. Both PID and FLC simulation results have
monitoring. Featuring fully assembled component
been demonstrated for real time experimental model of
includes a water storage tank, level tank, control valve,
liquid level system. Performance analysis shows the vane type sensor, orifice flow sensor, pumps and
effectiveness of the proposed FLC method as compared to
instruments for the measurement of level, flow pressure.
the existing PID controller.
Most of the control performances in the actual design are
Keywords- Liquid level process, PID controller, Fuzzy usually defined by overshoots, rising time, settling time,
logic controller, MATLAB Simulink.
steady state, etc. Using an intelligent system like Fuzzy
INTRODUCTION controller can be considered as an effective way to solve
this problem. Fuzzy controller has a logic of human
Multi-process control trainer is the most flexible and
modular system in its range. In most industrial processes behavior in decision making.
certain variables are important and required to regulate
around some desired value. Nowadays the process control In this paper, PID and Fuzzy controller are designed and
system is widely used in many different areas such as applied to the system. Then the fuzzy controller is used to
wastewater treatment, chemical, pulp, paper production,
making the system stable and fast.
and food production. These trainer systems make an
excellent platform for training

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 e-ISSN: 2456-3463
International Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Science, Vol. 2, No.1, 2019
www.ijies.net

GENERALISED MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF

LIQUID LEVEL SYSTEM

Fig.4: System identification toolbox

A PID controller is described by the following transfer

Fig .2: Top view of the system function.
��
1) We took 10 input and output variable reading from G (s) = ∗ �−���
1+���
the experimental procedure and entered into the
command window and finally entered „ident‟ command Where,
to get a mathematical model of the system in Fig.3.
�� = 206.08

�� = 2730.8

�� = 1.6703 × 10−10

OVERVIEW OF FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER

Fuzzy logic is an approach to computing based on

“degrees of truth” rather than the usual “true or false” (1
or 0) Boolean logic n which the modern computer is
based. The main parameters of fuzzy logic discussed here.

Fig.3: Assignation of input and output variable in the command 1. Fuzzy set
window
It has a body (object) that obtain the partial truth value
2) In Fig.4We have assigned names to input and output between completely true i.e. 1 and completely false i.e. 0
variable from selecting „Time domain data „and
imported data and to workspace also. 2. Linguistic Variables

3) We have clicked on the estimate and selected process A linguistic variable is a linguistic expression (one or
model more words) labelling an information granular for
example a membership function is labelled by the
Click on the estimate. So thus we have got the expression like "hot temperature"
mathematical model.
3. Shapes of Membership Function

4) Double click on P1D to get the mathematical model of

A membership function can have different shapes. The
the system. most commonly used membership function is the

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 e-ISSN: 2456-3463
International Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Science, Vol. 2, No.1, 2019
www.ijies.net

trapezoidal, triangular type, Gaussian distributed curve, 3) Click once on the right-hand blue box marked as
sigmoidal type polynomial based curve etc. output.

4) Now we need to open up membership function editor

Rule and add the membership function as per the requirement.
mechanism
5) From the file, menu select save and Export to
Defuzzification
Fuzzification workspace.
Knowledge
base

Fig. 6: Fuzzy logic process

DESIGN AND SIMULATION (FLC)

There are several methods to implement fuzzy logic

controllers such as Mamdani method, and Sugeno
method. Mamdani method is the most commonly used
fuzzy methodology so we are using this method in our
controller design. This system consists of two inputs,
error and change in error and one output. The fuzzy logic
Fig.7: FIS Editor
controller is designed using Fuzzy logic toolbox is a
collection of function built in MATLAB

1. Construction of FIS in MATLAB

Now we will go in work to build system by using the

Graphical User Interface (GUI) tools provided by the
fuzzy logic toolbox. The fuzzy in rule editor, rule Viewer,
and Surface Viewer.

2. The FIS and membership function editor

When we create a new FIS file. Then type „fuzzy' this will
be call up a window that acts as the high-level view of a
Fig. 8: Membership Function of the input to the FLC
FIS. There is diagram shows input on left and output on
right .below this diagram is the system name and the type 3. The Rule Editor
of interface used. The following steps we can follow to
Now to click the „edit‟ and select the Edit rule and we get
create a FIS file.
the window of rule editor that illustrates the Table
1) Click once on the left- hand (yellow) box marked input no.1.There are seven linguistic labels e and . These are
Negative Large (NL) Negative Medium (NM), Negative
2) Click once on the left-hand change input 1 to the name
Small (NS), Zero (Z), Positive Small (PS), Positive
that is you want.
Medium (PM), Positive Large (PL). Triangular type of

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 e-ISSN: 2456-3463
International Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Science, Vol. 2, No.1, 2019
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membership function is used for Fuzzy sets NM, NS, Z,

PS and PM, where NL and PL are Trapezoidal
membership function are used for the fuzzy set.

NL NM NS Z PS PM PL

PL Z PS PM PL PL PL PL

PM NS Z PS PM PL PL PL

PS NM NS Z PS PM PL PL

Z NL NM NS Z PS PM PL Fig.10: Three –dimensional surface view of FLC

NS NL NL NM NS Z PS PM When the Fuzzy logic controller is applied to the set up in

MATLAB/Simulation is displayed in Fig.11.
NM NL NL NL NM NS Z PS

NL NL NL NL NL NM NS Z

Table 1. Fuzzy Rules

The graphical view of these rules when the simulation is

run is shown in Fig.9.

Fig.11: Fuzzy logic Controlled system

The Response of the system is displayed via scope after

simulation as we have shown in Fig.12

Fig. : 9 Rule viewer for the fuzzy logic controller

The simulation is run and the Three- dimensional

behavior of the controller shown in Fig. 10.

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 e-ISSN: 2456-3463
International Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Science, Vol. 2, No.1, 2019
www.ijies.net

Fig.14: PID and Fuzzy logic controller responses

Fig.12: Response of Fuzzy Logic controller

COMPARISONS CONCLUSION

To compare the responses of the Proportional integral In this paper, an overview of the PID controller, the design
of PID controller and design of Fuzzy Logic Controller
derivative controller (PID) and the Fuzzy Logic
(FLC) for the system is presented. Simulation results
Controller (FLC) the following MATLAB simulation are using MATLAB/SIMULINK are discussed for fine-tuned
in Fig.13 PID controller and the FLC. The proposed FLC provides
smooth operation in a transient period. FLC has a low
settling time than the PID controller. The conventional
PID controller could not be used for the control of non-
linear processes. Finally, a comparison between the
performance of the PID controller and Fuzzy logic
controller FLC proved that the FLC has better
performance than the PID controller.

REFERENCES

[1] H. Shahid, S. Murawwat, I. Ahmed, R. Fiaz, A. Afzaal, and S.

Rafiq, “Design of a fuzzy logic based controller for fluid level
application,” World Journal of Engineering and Technology,
vol.4,no.03,p. 469,2016.
[2] E.A. Elayan, "Design of heuristic fuzzy logic controller for liquid
level control," in proc. Fifth International on Intelligent
System,Modelling and Simulation, Langkawai, Malaysia, pp. 131-
136, 2014.
[3] L.A. Zadeh (1994) "Fuzzy Logic, Neural Networks, and Soft
Computing", Communication of the ACM, Vol. 3. No. 3, pp. 77-84.
Fig.13: Combination of PID and Fuzzy logic controlled system [4] Shome, A. and Ashok, S.D.(2012) Fuzzy Logic Approach for Boiler
Temperature & Water Level Control. International Journal of
A Unit step input signal is applied and the combined Scientific & Engineering Research.
[5] Jan Jantzen.Tutorial on fuzzy Logic. Technical University of
response is as shown in Fig.14. Denmark, Department of Automation, Bldg326, DK-2800
Lyngby DENMARK. Tech report no 98-E868, 19Aug 1998(logic)
[6] K. OGATA. Modern Control Engineering. Fourth Edition
Prentice Hall, 2002.

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 e-ISSN: 2456-3463
International Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Science, Vol. 2, No.1, 2019
www.ijies.net

..Details of All Authors (Optional)

Sr. Photo Details 3 Sagar M. Jojare

No
Instrumentation
1 Chaitali P. Gajarlawar
Final Year
Instrumentation

Final Year

4 Madhu G. Choudhari

Instrumentation
2 Ashwini P. Tamgadge
Final Year
Instrumentation

Final Year