11 I January 2023

https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.48572
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 11 Issue I Jan 2023- Available at www.ijraset.com

Air Quality Detection and Notification using

Arduino IDE
Ambika M1, Shivleela Mudda2, Mallikarjun M3
1
Asistant Professor, Dept. of ECE, Nalla Mal Reddy Engineering College, Hyderabad, India
2
Asistant Professor, Dept. of ECE, M. S. Bidve Engineering College, Latur, Maharashtra, India
3
Associate Professor, Dept. of ECE, Sreenidhi Institute of Science and Technology, Hyderabad, India.

Abstract: Truck drivers typically work long hours and occasionally in highly polluted settings like mines. Accident prevention at
the workplace relies heavily on the health and alertness of the driver. The cabin's air quality can sometimes get worse, which can
make drivers tired. A gas detector is a piece of equipment that works as part of a safety system to tell you if there are gases in a
certain area. This type of project can communicate with the control system to automatically switch off process and is used to
detect gas leaks and other emissions. There are numerous gases that can be harmful to organic life, such as humans or animals,
which is why this kind of device is important. Oxygen depletion and combustible, flammable, and toxic gases can be detected
with gas detectors. This kind of device is used a lot in industry and can be found monitoring manufacturing processes in places
like oil rigs. Gas leak detection is the process of using sensors to find gas leaks that could be dangerous. When a hazardous gas
is detected, these sensors typically emit an audible alarm. Early detection of gas leaks, when they occur, is one way to cut losses
caused by leaks. One of the many technologies that helps stop gas leaks from harming people even more is the mobile sensor.
Another approach to overcoming losses from both material and non-material sources is the creation of mobile sensors. It is
anticipated that it will eventually be overcome using a gas sensor MQ-2 as a detector before it has a wider impact. MQ-2 is
chosen due to inexpensive and long lifespan. The Arduino IDE is used to implement the C language, which is used to calibrate
and configure MQ-2. With a distance of about 0-10 cm between the gas sensor and the point of leakage, it is anticipated that the
results will be accurate to 80 percent after the gas sensor has been configured.
Keywords: Sensors, Arduino IDE, GSM module, GSM Network.

I. INTRODUCTION
Gas leaks are one of the problems that regularly occur in a number of industrial industries, and the presence of a gas that cannot
be seen with the unaided eye causes several accidents. Gas sensors have also been installed at multiple points in some industrial
sectors to anticipate this, but this has not worked because gas can spread quickly. Not only were gas particles the focus of
extensive research on gas leaks, but other particles were also included in the study. There are a lot of sensors that make it easier
to detect its own gas. MQ-2 is the type of sensor which is highly sensitive to flammable gases like hydrogen, propane, and LPG.
In addition to its high sensitivity, MQ-2 was chosen for its low price and suitability for a variety of applications. The mobile
sensor's MQ-2 sensor, which allows it to automatically detect gas leaks while moving.
We developed an integrated system that makes use of an Arduino, a wireless communication device, to promptly monitor any gas
leakage in the vicinity of the Cabin in order to reduce the risk of fire and gas leakage in the cabin. Consequently, an integrated Arduino-
based plant safety monitor system can register employees' attendance, provide precise real-time positioning, monitor dynamic gas
concentrations, transmit data immediately, and sound a danger alarm. This project focuses on the subject of "Gas leak detection."
The quality of the air in your car's cabin can be five times worse than the air in your home or workplace, according to studies.
Numerous health issues can result from air pollution in automobiles. A sign of in-car air pollution is whenever you use your car and
experience headaches, nausea, or a sore throat. Cancer and immune system disorders can also result from prolonged exposure to car
air. In addition, the area in which you live increases the health effects of car air pollution. Children may also occasionally become
more susceptible to DNA damage as a result of car air pollution.
The emissions from interior materials, fuel leakage, exhaust fume leakage, and infiltration of polluted air from outside the vehicle
are the primary causes of hazardous air pollutants in the in-cabin micro environment. The wide variety of vehicle cabin designs has
resulted in a wide range of in-cabin pollutants' characteristics, concentrations, and, consequently, personal exposure levels.12
Different manufacturers created vehicles with a variety of interior spaces, ventilation settings, interior fittings, and other features.

©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 1301
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 11 Issue I Jan 2023- Available at www.ijraset.com

Therefore, the degree to which commuters are exposed to indoor vehicle pollution is determined by the variety of vehicle cabin
characteristics. The public has been particularly concerned about the vehicle cabin micro environment, which is one of many
environments. Despite the fact that commuters typically spend only 5.5% of their time in vehicles, the high concentrations of
various interior vehicle components' emissions and exhaust fumes carried by ventilation supply air are significant sources of harmful
air pollutants that could result in unhealthy human exposure.
Pollutant concentrations in the cabin can be affected by a variety of factors, including the volume of the cabin, fan speed, number of
passengers, cabin filter efficiency, and vehicle speed. When the air outside the cabin is of poor quality, the cabin air quality suffers.
Originally referred to as a "pollen" or "dust" filter, cabin filters were designed to remove dust and pollens from the air, regardless of
their size, depending on the number of particles and their surface area, the cabin filter removes 66% and 61% of them, respectively.
They also stated that the cabin filter had a filtration efficiency of 23% at medium fan speeds and 17% at high fan speeds for the most
penetrating particle size of 350 nm. We anticipate that the cabin filter will remove particles at a low mass efficiency because their
mass median diameter is close to the most penetrating particle size.

II. LITERATURE SURVEY

Web of Things goal planning of various ways of life simpler by utilizing changing every smaller than normal venture close by us.
As a significant portion of IoT's assistance in task modification entails behavior modification, the benefits of the current safety
standards. Safety is the most important aspect of IoT use. Gas leaks can be dangerous and fatal. Despite their superior precision,
conventional gas leakage detection systems fail to identify some aspects of the leak that can be communicated to the public through
notification. As a result, a capacity of statistics analyzing the data was presented to the concerned. Our primary objective is to
provide a fuel leakage machine for an environment in which every dwelling has fuel leakage hardware for detecting the system. This
will pass through hazardous air, notify the user via SMS, and send the notification.

III. PROBLEM STATEMENT

In a closed cabin, if there are any poisonous gases or smoke is present then persons who are in the cabin cannot identify until it is
visible or causes some damage. So, a project should develop to identify the gas leakage inside the cabin and alert the person. The
number of instruments used to detect fire and leak increases as the process industry becomes more complex. Because of this, there
will be more cables connecting industrial sensors to the control station, which will result in messy wiring. The duct also gets bigger
as a result of this.
Because the wiring is messy and it is difficult to identify the individual wire along the duct, troubleshooting the reduced insulation
or any wire that is open is difficult. This likewise expands the task cost regarding link cost.
Most of the time, the control system must be separate from the fire and gas system. This is consistent with the fact that the control
system typically has lower integrity requirements than the fire and gas system does. Emergency shut-down systems have been
integrated into some gas and fire systems.
This is still a contentious issue. There is no one company that can provide all of the "best in show" products for all of the items
discussed in this paper. As a result, there are typically interfaces between various suppliers. Purchasing all products from a single
source can reduce interfaces, document sets, and inspections to a minimum, but doing so may result in a reduced selection of
initiating devices and an increased initial purchase price. Field interfaces for manual call-points, heat detectors, and smoke detectors
typically consist of two wires that can be changed by components in the control system or marshalling cabinets to accommodate a 4-
20 mA interface. The system fails whenever the loop fails. At the moment, it is unknown where the employees working at the site
are located. In the event of a hazardous situation, control station officers must personally inspect the workers' positions at the sites.
This requires more time and effort.

IV. PROPOSED METHODOLOGY AND BLOCK DIAGRAM

The Air Quality Detector using ARDUNIO and GSM Module that has been proposed will be of great assistance in preventing gas
leakage related dangers.
The finding of LPG leaks in homes and workplaces is the objective of this project. SMS alert will send messages to a specified
mobile number in addition to sounding an alarm. Which is used to avoid accidents and property damage in the event that no one is
present at the time of the leak. It saves money and lessens damage caused by gas leaks. This project will sense the various gases
using MQ-2 sensor and alert the person through buzzer and send the SMS to the specified mobile number shown in figure 1 with
working process in figure 2.

©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 1302
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 11 Issue I Jan 2023- Available at www.ijraset.com

Figure 1: Block Diagram of Proposed System

Figure 2: Flow Chart of the system

V. HARDWARE COMPONENTS AND ITS DETAILS COMPONENTS

A. MQ2 Gas Sensor
The MQ-2 sensor can detect CO, alcohol, CH4, hydrogen, isobutene, liquefied petroleum gas, propane, and smoke among other
gases. The MQ2 sensor Module comes equipped with four male headers, making it simple to connect it to the Arduino Mega or Uno
via male-to-female jumper wires.

Figure 3: MQ2 Sensor

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 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 11 Issue I Jan 2023- Available at www.ijraset.com

B. GSM Module
GSM is a versatile correspondence modem; GSM is the acronym for the global system for mobile communication. In 1970, Bell
Laboratories developed the concept of GSM. It is broadly involved versatile correspondence framework on the planet. GSM is a
digital, open cellular technology that operates in the 850MHz, 900MHz, 1800MHz, and 1900MHz frequency bands and is used to
transmit mobile voice and data services. For communication purposes, the GSM system was developed as a digital system
employing the time division multiple access (TDMA) technique. After reducing and digitizing the data, a GSM sends it through a
channel with two distinct streams of client data, each at a distinct time. The digital system can carry data rates ranging from 64 kbps
to 120 Mbps.

Figure 4: GSM Module

C. LCD Module (16×2)

LCD, or Liquid Crystal Display, is the technology used in scratch pad games and other smaller personal computers. LCDs, like gas-
plasma and light-producing diode (LED) technology, enable presentations to be significantly thinner than CRT technology. Because
they operate rather than emitting it in the direction of blocking light, LCDs use significantly less power than LED and gas displays.

D. Buzzer
The ringer will be utilized to discharge sounds to alarm clients during spillage. A buzzer or beeper is a type of electronic signaling
device that typically consists of a number of switches or sensors connected to a control unit. These switches or sensors determine
which button was pressed and for how long, as well as whether or not a predetermined amount of time has passed. They also
typically illuminate a light on the appropriate button or control panel and sound a warning in the form of continuous or
intermittent buzzing or beeping. This device was initially based on an electromechanical system similar to an electric bell without
the metal gong.

Figure 5: Buzzer

VI. RESULTS
Whenever a gas/smoke is detected in the cabin, Buzzer will sound and led will glow red. A SMS will be sent to specified mobile
number regarding cabin’s air quality.

Figure 6: Demonstration of Prototype

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 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 11 Issue I Jan 2023- Available at www.ijraset.com

Figure 7: Alert message sent to user

Threshold Voltage is set to 180 ppm. If surrounding air quality is more than 180 ppm then prototype will blow buzzer and send the
alert messages to user.

VII. CONCLUSION
Thus, the spillage of the gas makes destructible effect the lives and as well with regards to the legacy of individuals. As a result, the
system consists of an alarm unit whose buzzer indicates the presence of LPG volume. The essences of propane, isobutane, LPG, and
even smoke are frequently detected by the sensors. The output of the LPG sensor changes to the active low (logic 0) condition if it
detects a gas leak at work or at home. The LCD and buzzer are turned on by the Arduino UNO. After that, it even powers on the
GSM, continues to send SMS to a mobile phone number specifically mentioned in the source code to warn user of danger. This
device is used to prevent leakage of gases. By utilizing this system, we can cut down on gas leakage accidents. In peril
circumstances we can save the life by utilizing this framework.

VIII. FUTURE SCOPE

With this system, additional software-based intelligent functions will be added to the project's future scope. This is a gas detection,
control, and alert system that works automatically. In the future, this system will have the capability of notifying the emergency
services in the event of an accident. Additionally, a web-based app and a mobile app for real-time monitoring will be added.
Numerous intelligent features will be added to the system's user app. The system's overall features will make it safer for users. The
system will be made to work best in a lot of places, like cars, homes, businesses, and many other places. The system will be put into
use in a real-world situation after the final prototype is designed with clever multifunctional features.

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 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 11 Issue I Jan 2023- Available at www.ijraset.com

[10] Mallikarjun Mudda, Sruthi Bhargav N, “Application of System Engineering in Election Voting System International Journal of Engineering & Technology -
UAE, 7(2.16) 102-106, issue 16, 2018(Scopus Indexed).
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ISSN 22493352, E-ISSN 22780505, 2018.
[13] Mallikarjun Mudda, G.Prathyusha “Distance Analysis Using HC-SR04”, JETIR November 2018, Volume 5, Issue 11, 2018.
[14] Mallikarjun Mudda, A Rakesh, K Gayathri, “HAPTIC ARM FOR PARALYSED PEOPLE” International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews
(IJRAR), Volume 6, Issue 1 March 2019.
[15] Mallikarjun Mudda, G Prathyusha, A Akshay “CONTROLLING SPEED OF MAGLEV USING GAP ANALYSIS”, International Journal of Research and
Analytical Reviews (IJRAR), Volume 6, Issue 1 March 2019.
[16] Mallikarjun Mudda, Lavan Kumar “Assistance for Blind through Audio Command”, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) Volume 8 Issue 3,
March 2019.
[17] Mallikarjun Mudda Thrived Kumar “RESERVATION BASED SMART PARKING SYSTEM”, International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews,
IJRAR March 2019, Volume 6, Issue 1.
[18] Mallikarjun Mudda, G Sai Aishwarya “Voice-Assisted Blind Spot Detection for Vehicles with Accident Detection”, International Journal for Research in
Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET), Volume 7 Issue IV, Apr 2019
[19] Sibghatullah k, Mallikarjun Mudda “Preliminary Detection of Lung Diseases in Pediatric Population: A Soft Computing Approach”, International Journal of
Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), ISSN 2277-3878, September 2019. (Scopus Indexed).
[20] Mallikarjun Mudda, Syed Jahangir “Target Tracking System: PAN TILT”, International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) ISSN:
2249-8958, Volume-8 Issue-5, June 2019. (Scopus Indexed).
[21] Mallikarjun Mudda, Kotte Nived Maanyu, “Esole: Energy Harvesting using Piezoelectric Sensors” International Journal of Research and Analytical
Reviews, E-ISSN 2348-1269, P- ISSN 2349-5138, Volume 7, Issue 1, February 2020.
[22] mallikarjun mudda, farheen “Artificial neural network based weather pridiction system”, international journal of scientific & technology research volume 9,
issue 02, issn 2277-8616, pp-5587-5594, february 2020. (Scopus Indexed)
[23] Mallikarjun1, Dr.Manjunath R2, Dr.Krishnamurthy N3 “Brain Tumor Classification using Enhanced Statistical Texture Features”, IETE JOURNAL OF
RESEARCH https://doi.org/10.1080/03772063.2020.177550 , PP-1-12, © 2020 IETE. (Web of science, SCI, Scopus Indexed)
[24] Mallikarjun Mudda, Ambika M, “Melanoma skin cancer detection using image processing technology” International journal of creative research
thoughts,page-1397-1401, ISSN: 2320-2882, volume 8, issue 7 july 2020.
[25] Mallikarjun Mudda, Ambika M, “Bone fracture detection using GLCM Feature Extraction” International journal of creative research thoughts, page-1370-
1375, ISSN: 2320-2882, volume 8, issue 7 july 2020.
[26] Shivleela Mudda, K.M. Gayathri, Mallikarjun Mudda: Compact High Gain Microstrip Patch Multi-Band Antenna for Future Generation Portable Devices
Communication, 2021 International Conference on Emerging Smart Computing and Informatics (ESCI) 978-1-7281-8519-4/20/$31.00 ©2021 IEEE |
https://DOI: 10.1109/ESCI50559.2021.9396776. (Scopus Indexed)
[27] Shivleela Mudda, Gayathri KM, and Mudda Mallikarjun, "Wide-Band Frequency Tunable Antenna for 4G, 5G/Sub 6 GHz Portable Devices and MIMO
Applications," Progress In Electromagnetic Research, ISSN: 1070-4698, Vol. 118,25-41,2022. doi:10.2528/PIERC21112902,
http://www.jpier.org/PIERC/pier.php?paper=21112902. (Scopus Indexed)
[28] Mallikarjun Mudda1 , Sandeep Hemdribhotla2 , T. Krishna Chaitanya3 , T. Rahul4, “Weed Plucking Robot with Wireless Technologies,” International
Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET) ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538 Volume 10
Issue II Feb 2022. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40499.
[29] Mallikarjun Mudda, D. Vamshi Krishna , B V Ramana Reddy3 , R. Sampath Mahendra4, “Advanced Vehicle Security System,” International Journal for
Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology, ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538 Volume 10 Issue III Mar 2022,
https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40981.
[30] Mallikarjun Mudda , Sandeep Hemdribhotla , T. Krishna Chaitanya3 , T. Rahul4, “Tic Tac Toe by Minimax Alpha-Beta Pruning Using Arduino,”
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology, ISSN: 2321-9653; Volume 10 Issue II Feb 2022,
https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40115.
[31] Mallikarjun Mudda, Jahangir Badhasha, “War Field Spying Robot with Wireless Camera, International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering
Technology, ISSN: 2321-9653, Volume 10 Issue VI July 2022, https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.44343
[32] Mallikarjun Mudda, CN Sujatha, D. Mahesh, “Unique ID Based Voting System” International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering
Technology, ISSN: 2321-9653; Volume 10 Issue VI July 2022, https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.44344

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