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03 MA1001 Practice Problem

This document contains 20 practice problems related to calculus concepts like continuity, differentiability, local/absolute extrema, and the mean value theorem. It provides solutions/hints for each problem involving functions of one or more variables. The problems cover topics like showing a function is continuous, finding local maxima and minima, using intermediate value property to show solutions exist, applying Rolle's theorem and the mean value theorem to establish inequalities, and finding points that maximize/minimize functions.

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Pratik Kumar
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34 views

03 MA1001 Practice Problem

This document contains 20 practice problems related to calculus concepts like continuity, differentiability, local/absolute extrema, and the mean value theorem. It provides solutions/hints for each problem involving functions of one or more variables. The problems cover topics like showing a function is continuous, finding local maxima and minima, using intermediate value property to show solutions exist, applying Rolle's theorem and the mean value theorem to establish inequalities, and finding points that maximize/minimize functions.

Uploaded by

Pratik Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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National Institute of Technology Rourkela

Department of Mathematics
MA1001 Mathematics-1
Practice Problem 03(Autumn 2022)

1. Let f (x) = |x| for every x ∈ R. Show that f is continuous on R.

2. Let f : [0, π] → R be defined by


(
1 1 1
 
x sin x − x cos x for x 6= 0
f (x) =
0 for x = 0.

Check the continuity of f at point x = 0

3. Let f : [a, b] → R be continuous function and f (x) > 0 for all x ∈ [a, b]. show that
there exists α > 0 such that f (x) ≥ α for all x ∈ [a, b].

4. Show that x4 + 6x3 − 8 has at least two real roots.

5. Show that |x31 + x8 + 20| = x32 has at least one positve real solution.

6. Let f : R → R be a continuous function such that f (x + 2π) = f (x) for all x ∈ R.


Show that there exists a ∈ R such that f (a + π) = f (a).

7. Let f : [0, 1] → R be a continuous function  such that f (0) = f (1). Show that there
1 1
exists a ∈ [0, 2 ] such that f (a) = f a + 2 .

8. Discuss the differentiability of following functions at x = 0.


1
a) f (x) = x 3
(
x sin x cos x1

for x 6= 0
b) f (x) =
0 for x = 0.
(
x2 for x ∈ Q
c) f (x) =
0 for x ∈ R \ Q.

9. Given an example of a function f : R → R which is differential only at one point.

10. Let f : R → R be differentiable at x = 1, f (1) = 1 and k ∈ N. show that


       
1 2 k k(k + 1) 0
lim n f 1 + +f 1+ + ··· + f 1 + −k = f (1)
n→∞ n n n 2

11. Let f : [0, 1] → R be differentiable and f (0) = 0 and f (1) = 1. Show that equation
0
f (x) = 2x has a solution on (0, 1).

12. Find the number of real solutions of the following equations.


√
a) 2x − cos2 x + 7 = 0
b) x17 − e−x + 5x + cos x = 0
c) x18 + e−x + 5x2 − 2 cos x = 0

13. Use the mean value theorem (MVT) to establish the following inequalities.
a) ex ≥ 1 + x for x ∈ R
1
√ √ 1
b) 2√n+1 < n+1− n< √
2 n
for all n ∈ N.
x−1
c) x < ln x < x − 1 for x > 1

14. Let h : R → R be defined by h(x) = f (x)g(x), where f and g are non-negative


functions. Show that h has a local maximum at a if f and g have a local maximum
at a.

15. Let f : R → R be defined by f (x) = (sin x − cos x)2 . Find the maximum value of f
on R.

16. Let f : [−2, 0] → R be defined by f (x) = 2x3 + 2x2 − 2x − 1. Find the maximum
and minimum values of f on [−2, 0].
0
17. Let f : R → R be such that f (x) = 14(x − 2)(x − 3)2 (x − 4)3 (x − 5)4 , x ∈ R. Find
all the points of local maxima and local minima.
p
18. Let x1 , x2 , . . . , xn ∈ R and f (x) = (x − x1 )2 + (x − x2 )2 + · · · + (x − xn )2 , x ∈ R.
Find the point of absolute minimum of the function f .

19. Find the points of local maxima and local minima of f : R → R defined by f (x) =
2
2x4 e−x .

20. Let α ∈ R. Among all positive real numbers x and y satisfying x + y = α, show that
the product xy is largest when x = y = α2 .

21. Among all rectangles of given perimeter, show that the square has the largest area.
Solution/Hint

1. ||xn | − |x|| ≤ |xn − x|.


1
2. f is not continuous at 0, take xn = 2nπ .

3. Continuous function on closed interval attains sup and inf.

4. Use Intermediate value property(IVP).

5. Use IVP.

6. Define g(x) = f (x + π) − f (x), and apply IVP.

7. Define g(x) = f (x) − f x + 12 , and apply IVP.




8. a) not differentiable b) differentiable c) differentiable

9. Do it yourself

10. Do it yourself

11. Roll’s Theorem

12. Use IVP and Roll’s theorem.

a) one real solution b) one real solution c) two real solution

13. Use MVT


√
a) f (x) = ex b) f (x) = x c) f (x) = ln x

14. Use definition.

15. Maximum value is 2.

16. Maximum value is 1 and minimum value is −5.

17. The local maximum at x = 2 and local minimum at x = 4.


n
1 P
18. Minimum at x = n xi .
i=1
√
19. The local maximum at x = 0 and local minimum at x = ± 2.

20. Maximum at x = α2 .

∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ End ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗

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