JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV CIRCLES

CIRCLES
SYNOPSIS  General form of the Circle : The equation of
the circle of the form x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  o
 Definition: The locus of point moving in a plane
such that it is at a constant distance from a fixed is called general equation of the circle and its centre
point is called a circle. =   g,  f 
The fixed point is called the centre of the circle
and it is denoted by 'C', the constant distance is  coefficient of x coefficient of y 
called its radius and it is denoted by 'r'. =  ,  and
 2 2 
Note:a) If r = 0 then the circle is called point circle
b) If r = 1 then the circle is called unit circle radius = g 2  f 2  c .
c) If r > 0 then the circle is called real circle
d) If r < 0 then the circle is called imaginary circle.  The general equation of a circle is
 Equation of a Circle : The equation of the circle ax 2  ay 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  o its centre is
with centre  ,   and radius ' r ' is
2 2  g f  g 2  f 2  ac
x - α  + y - β = r2 .   ,   , radius is
 a a a

W.E.-2 :Find the centre and radius of the circle

r
3x 2  3 y 2  6 x  4 y  4  0 .
C
2 2 4 4
Sol. The given circle is x  y  2 x  y 0
3 3
W.E.-1:Find the equation of the circle with centre
(2, 3) and passing through the point (2, -1).  4 
Sol. Let C   2,3 and P   2, 1    2  3   2 
,   1, 
Centre =  2 2   3 
Radius of the circle = CP  4 
The equation of the required circle is  
2 2
 x  2    y  3  16
Radius = g2  f 2  c
 x2  y 2  4x  6 y  3  0
 Standard form of the Circle : The equation 2 4
2
2
25 5
of the circle with centre at the origin and radius r   1        
3 3 9 3
is x 2 + y 2 = r 2 . This is called the standard
form of the circle.  Let P and Q be any two points on a circle. Then
The equation ax 2  2hxy  by 2  2 gx  2 fy  c =o i) The line passing through P and Q is called a secant
represents a circle if line.
2 2 2
i)   abc  2 fgh  af  bg  ch  0
ii) coefficient of x 2 = coefficient of y 2 ;  a  b  0 
iii) coefficient of xy is zero ;  h  0 

iv) radius  0 ;  g  f  ac  0  .
2 2

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ii) The line segment joining P and Q is called a chord. ix) Perpendicular bisector of any chord of a circle
passes through the centre of the circle. (OR)
The line joining mid point of a chord and centre of
the cirle is perpendicular to the chord.

iii) A chord passing through centre of a circle is called

a diameter of the circle.
 Equation of a Circle in Diameter form :
The equation of the circle with  x1, y1  and  x2, y2 
as the extremities of a diameter is
 x  x1  x  x2    y  y1  y  y2   0
W.E-3:The equation of the circle which passes
iv) The diameter of a circle is a chord but a chord through (1, 0) and (0, 1) and has its radius as
need not be a diameter. small as possible is
v) Every diameter of the circle bisected by the centre Sol: The radius will be minimum, if the given points are
of the circle. the end points of a diameter. Then the equation of
vi) Every diameter of the circle cut the circle into two the circle is
equal parts, each part is called a semi circle.  x  1 x  0    y  0  y  1  0
vii) The angle in a semi circle is right angle.
 x2  y 2  x  y  0
W.E-4:Find the equation of the circum - circle of
the triangle formed by the line
ax  by  c  0  abc  0  and the coordinate
axes.

O
Sol:
viii) The angle made by a chord of a circle at the centre
of the circle is double the angle made by the chord
at any point on the circumference of the circle lying Let the line ax  by  c  0 cut the X,Y axes at A
on the same side of it. and B respectively
 c   c
 A    , 0  and B =  0,  
 a   b
We have to find circle passing through A,B and the
origin O (0,0). Since AOB  900
 AB is a diameter of required cirlce
2  Equation of required circle is
 c  c
 x    x  0   y  0  y    0
O  a  b
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2 2 c c k l m
x y  x y 0  
a b 9  35 28  18 10  4
i.e., a b  x 2  y 2   c b x  a y   0 k l m k l m
   i.e.,  
 The equation of the circle passing through three 26 10 6 13 5 3
points A(x 1 ,y 1 ), B(x 2 ,y 2 ) and C(x 3 ,y 3) is Hence the required equation is

x1 y1 1 c1 y1 1 13  x  3 y  1  x  y  1  5  x  y  1
x2 y2 1  x2  y 2   c2 y2 1  x   2 x  3 y  4   3  2 x  3 y  4   x  3 y  1  0
x3 y3 1 c3 y3 1
i.e., x 2  y 2  12 x  12 y  7  0
x1 c1 1 x1 y1 c1  Concentric Circles : Two or more circles
 x2 c2 1  y   x2 y2 c2  0 are said to be concentric if they have the same centre
and different radii.
x3 c3 1 x3 y3 c3

where ci    xi2  yi2  for i =1,2,3. r1

r2
 The equation of the circum circle of the triangle
formed by the lines L1  0, L2  0, L3  0 is
1L1L2  2 L2 L3  3 L3 L1  0 where 1 , 2 , 3  Equation of two concentric circles differ by a
can be found by using coefficient of x  coefficient 2 constant only. i.e.,
The equation of the circle concentric with the
of y 2 and coefficient of xy = 0
circle x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0 is of the form
W.E-5:Find the equation of the circle which passes
through the vertices of the trianlge formed by x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  k  0 , k is unknown
L1  x  3 y  1  0, L2  x  y  1  0 and constant.
W.E- 6: The equation of the circle concentric with
L3  2 x  3 y  4  0
the circle x 2  y 2  6 x  12 y  15  0 and of
Sol:Suppose L1 L2 ; L2 L3 and L3 L1 intersect at A, B and double its area is (EAMCET-2010)
C respectively. consider a curve whose equation is
Sol:From the given circle centre C   3, 6 
k  x  3 y  1 x  y  1 l  x  y  1
and radius r  g 2  f 2  c  r  30
 2x  3 y  4  m  2x  3 y  4
A2  2 A1   r22  2 r12  r2  2r1
 x  3 y  1  0   1
 r2  60
i) Coefficient of x 2  coefficient of y 2 The equation of circle is
k  2l  2m  3k  3l  9m 2
 x  h   y  k 
2 2 2
 r 2   x  3   y  6   60
i.e., 2k  l  7 m  0....(2)
 x 2  y 2  6 x  12 y  15  0
ii) coefficient of xy  0
 Concyclic points : If the points A, B, C and
4k  5l  9m  0 .....(3) D lies on the same circle then the points are said to
Applying cross multiplication rule for (2) and (3), be concyclic points.
1 7 2 1  If the lines a1 x  b1 y  c1  0 , a2 x  b2 y  c2  0
we get 5
meets the co-ordinate axis in four distinct points
9 4 5
then those points are concyclic  a1a2  b1b2 .
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 If the lines a1 x  b1 y  c1  0, a2 x  b2 y  c2  0
meet the coordinate axes in four distinct concyclic
points then the equation of the circle passing through
these concyclic points is  a1 x  b1 y  c1 
 a2 x  b2 y  c2    a1b2  a2b1  xy  0
W.E-7: If the lines x  2 y  3  0,3 x  ky  7  0  The intercept made by the circle
2 2
cut the coordinate axes in concyclic points, x  y  2 gx  2 fy  c  o on y-axis
then k is CD  2 f 2  c
3
Sol. a1a2  b1b2  1 3   2  k   k 
2

W.E-8: If the points  

2 9 , 0 , 5 , 2  , D

 2, 5 ,  1, k  are concyclic  k  0  then k is C

O
Sol: Let A  
29, 0 , B  5, 2  , C  2, 5  , C  1, k 
 If the circle S = 0 touching x-axis then g 2  c
OA  OB  OC and OB  OD  k  28
and equation of the circle is of the form is
 Maximum and minimum distances from
x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  g 2  0
a point to the circle : The minimum distance
 If the circle S = 0 touching y-axis then f 2  c
from the point ' P ' to the circle S  0 is
and equation of the circle is of the form is
PA  CP  r and the maximum distance from the
x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  f 2  0
point ' P ' to the circle S  0 is PB  CP  r .  If the circle S = 0 touching both the coordinate
axes then g 2  f 2  c and equation of the circle
of the form x2  y 2  2 cx  2 c y  c  0
W.E-10:The equation of the circles which pass
through the origin and makes intercepts of
lengths 4 and 8 on the x and y axis respectively
W.E-9:The longest distance from (-3, 2) to the circle are
Sol: Circles passes through origin then c  0
x 2  y 2  2 x  2 y  1  0 is
2 g2  c  4 2 f 2 c 8
Sol: x 2  y 2  2 x  2 y  1  0 ,Centre C  1, 1 ,

Radius r  1  1  1  1  g2  c  2  f 2 c  4
 g2  0  4  f 2  0  16
P   3, 2 
 g  2  f  4
Longest distance = CP  r = 5 + 1 = 6 The equation of required circle is
 Length of intercept of the circle on co- x2  y2  4x  8 y  0
ordinate axis : The intercept made by the circle  Different forms of the equation of circle
x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  o on x-axis i) When the circle passes through the origin (0,0) and
has intercepts  and  on the x-axis and y-axis,
AB  2 g 2  c respectively:
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 x    x  0    y  0  y     0 v) When the circle touches x - axis at  , 0  and cuts

i.e., x 2  y 2   x   y  0 off intercept on y - axis of length 2l

O
O
ii) When the circle touches x - axis:

From the figure,    2  l 2

Hence, equation of circle is

2
 x   y 2  2

vi) When the circle touches y - axis at ( 0,  ) and cuts

O off intercept on x-axis of length 2k:

2 
 x     y     2
iii) When the circle touches y - axis

O From the figure,    2  k 2

2  Hence, equation of circle is
 x     y    2
2 2
iv) When the circle touches both axes:  x     y    2

vii) When the circle passes through origin (0, 0) and

centre lies on x-axis :

2 
 x     y   2
2 2
i.e.,  x      y  0    2
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vii) When the circle passes through origin (0, 0) and i) The parametric equations of a circle with centre
centre lies on y-axis :  h, k  and radius r   0  are given by
x  h  r cos  , y  k  r sin  , where
0    2 . and the parametric point of this circle
is  h  r cos  , k  r sin   .
ii) The parametric equations of the circle with centre
(0, 0) and radius ' r ' is x  r cos  , y  r sin 
where 0    2 . and the parametric point of this

2 2
circle is  r cos  , r sin  
i.e.,  x  0    y      2
 Equation of the chord joining the two points
W.E-11:The equation of the circle of radius 3 that 1 and 2 on the circle x 2  y 2  r 2 is
lies in 4th quadrant and touching the lines
x  0, y  0 is            
x cos  1 2   y sin  1 2   r cos  1 2 
Sol.Circle touches both the coordinate axes and radius  2   2   2 

r  3 and center is  3, 3 .  The length of chord AB joining A 1  , B  2 

Equation of the circle is of the circle x 2  y 2  r 2 (or)
2 2
 x  h   y  k   r2
1   2 
 x  x1    y  y1   r 2 is 2r sin
2 2
2 2
  x  3    y  3   32 2

 x2  y 2  6x  6 y  9  0  The parametric angle differ by ' ' if 1   2  

W.E-12:The equation of the circle which touches then AB subtends an angle ' ' at center of the
both the axes and the straight line 4 x  3 y  6 circles.
W.E-13:Find the parametric form of the equation
in the first quadrant and lies below it is
Sol:The circle touches both the axes and the straight of the circle x 2  y 2  px  py  0 .
line 4 x  3 y  6 in first quadrant, therefore Sol:Equation of the circle can be rewritten in the form
2 2
coordinates of its centre are  a, a  where  p  p p2
 x    y    .
 2  2 2
a  0 since 4 x  3 y  6  0 touches the circle,
Therefore, the parametric form of the equation of
7a  6 1 the given circle is
there   a  7a  6  5a  a  3,
16  9 2 p p P
1
x
2

2
cos  
2

1  2 cos   and
If a  then the equation of required circle is
2 p p P
1 
2
1 1
2 2
y
2

2
sin  
2

1  2 sin   where

 x     y      (or)
 2  2 2 0    2 .
4x2  4 y2  4x  4 y 1  0  Notation: S  x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c ,then
 Parametric equations of the circle S1  xx1  yy1  g  x  x1   f  y  y1   c
Parametric equations of a curve describes the
S12  x1 x2  y1 y2  g  x1  x2   f  y1  y2   c
coordinates of a point on the curve in terms of a
single variable. We call this single variable as a S11  x12  y12  2 gx1  2 fy1  c
parameter.
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 Position of a point w.r.t. the circle :  If P  x1 , y1  is a point lying outside of the circle S=0
If S=0 is a circle P  x1 , y1  is a point, then then the length of the tangent from P is S11 .
i) S11  0  P lies outside the circle  The equation of the chord joining the two points
ii) S11  0  P lies on the circle  x1, y1  and  x2 , y2  on the circle s=0 is
iii) S11  o  P lies inside of the circle S1  S 2  S12 .
 If ‘r’ is radius of a circle then a line which is at a
W.E-14:Locate the position of the point
distance ‘d’ from centre of the circle , cuts (a chord)
(2, 4) w.r.t the circle x 2  y 2  4 x  6 y  11  0 .
an intercept of length 2 r 2  d 2
2 2
Sol: S11  2  4  4  2   6  4   11
 4  16  8  24  11  1  0  ve 
Since S11  0 , the point (2, 4) lies inside the given
circle.
 Power of a point(Def): If ‘C’ is centre and ‘r’
is radius and let P be any point on the plane of a W.E-16: Find the length of the chord intercepted
circle then the value of CP 2  r 2 is called the power by the circle x 2  y 2  x  3 y  22  0 on the
of the point P w.r.t. circle S  0 . (or) line y  x  3 .
If a secant line through P cuts the circle in any two Sol: Given circle is 2
x  y 2  x  3 y  22  0 ..(1)
points A,B then PA.PB is called as power of P .
 1 3 
Centre of (1) , C   , 
2 2 
1 9 49 7
Radius of (1) = r    22  
4 4 2 2
Given line AB is x  y  3  0 ........... (2)
Perpendicular distance from C to (2)
PA.PB  S11 1 3
 3
1
 If S  x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  o , is a circle in CD  d  2 2 
2 2 ; Length of chord,
standard form and P  x1 , y1  is a point, then the
power of P is S11 . 49 1
AB  2 r 2  d 2 = 2  4 6.
2 2
W.E-15:Find the power of the point P (2, 3) w.r.t.
Tangent Line
the circle x 2  y 2  2 x  8 y  23  0 .  If a line touches the circle at only one point is called
a tangent to the circle and the point of coincidence
Sol: The power of P(2, 3) w.r.t S  0 is
is called the point of contanct .
S11  4  9  4  24  23  10

 Some important points on power:

i) power of a point on the circle is zero.
ii) power is positive if point lies outside the circle. O

iii) power is negative if point lies inside the circle.

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 The equation of the tangent line at  x1 , y1  on the W.E-17: Find the equation of the circle with centre
circle S  0 is S1  0 . (2, 3) and touching the line 3 x  4 y  1  0 .
Sol. Centre of the circle, C   2,3
 The equation of the tangent line at  x1 , y1  to the
Given line is 3 x  4 y  1  0 ............ (1)
2
2 2 2
circle x  y  a is xx1  yy1  a  0 . Since (1) is a tangent to the circle,, radius of the
circle = perpendicular distance from C to (1)
 Equation of the tangent at ‘  ‘ to the circle
6  12  1
2 2 2
x  y  r is x cos   y sin   r . = 1
5
 Conditions for a line to be a tangent Equation of the required circle is
2 2
to a circle  x  2    y  3 1 ;

i) y=mx+c touches x2  y 2  r 2 then  x 2  y 2  4 x  6 y  12  0 .

c 2  r 2 (m 2  1) W.E-18: Find the equations of the tangents to the

cricle x 2  y 2  4 x  6 y  3  0 which are
2 2 2
ii) The equation of tangent to the circle x  y  r
inclined at 450 with x-axis.
whose slope ‘m’ is y  mx  r m  1 2
Sol. Slope of tangent m  Tan 450  1
iii) l x+my+n=0 touches x2  y 2  r 2 then Centre of the circle =  x1 , y1    2,3
n 2  r 2 (l 2  m2 ) and the point of contact is Radius of the circle, r  4  9  3  10

 r 2l r 2 m  y  y1  m  x  x1   r 1  m 2 
 , 
 n n 
 y  3  1 x  2   10 1  1
iv) lx+my+n=0 touches x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0 is  x  y 1 2 5  0 .
2
l 2
 m2  g 2  f 2  c    lg  mf  n  . Normal Line
 The normal to a circle is a line which perpendicular
v) The point of contact of tangent line is foot of
to the tangent at the point of contact.
perpendicular from centre of the circle.
2 2
vi) For the circle  x  x1    y  y1   r 2 , tangent
with slope ‘m’ is

 y  y1   m  x  x1   r m2  1 .

2 2
vii) For the circle  x  x1    y  y1   r 2 tangents
parallel to lx+my+n=o are O

lx+my= lx1  my1  r l 2  m 2

 The equation of the normal to the circle
viii) Let m1 , m2 are the slopes of tangents through a x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0 at P  x1 , y1  is
point P  x1 , y1  to the circle x 2  y 2  a 2 then  x  x1  y1  f    y  y1  x1  g   0 .
2 x1 y1 y12  a 2  The normal at any point on the circle passing through
m1  m 2  and m1 .m 2  .
x12  a 2 x12  a 2 centre of the circle.
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 The equation of normal to the circle x 2  y 2  r 2  Chord of contact(Def): The line joining the
points of contacts of the tangents to a circle S  0
at P  x1 , y1  is xy1  yx1  0 . drawn from an external point P is called chord of
 Equation of the normal at ‘  ‘ to the circle contact of P with respect to S  0 .
x 2  y 2  r 2 is x sin   y cos  =0.

W.E-19:Find the equation of the normal to the

circle x 2  y 2  4 x  6 y  11  0 at (3, 2).
Sol. Let C(2, 3) be the centre of given circle. Let A(3,
2), Let the normal at A meets the circle at B (a, b).
Since the normal to the circle always passes through Chord of
contact of P
C. The equation of the normal at A(3, 2) is
O
 x  3 2  3   y  2  3  2   0
i.e., x  y  5  0 . The chord of contact of P  x1 , y1  with respect to
circle S  0 is S1  0
W.E-20: If the line y  x  3  0 is a normal to the
 The chord of contact of P becomes tangent at P
2 2
circle  x  3  y  9 then the point of when P lies on the circle.
contact is  If P  x1 , y1  lies inside the circle. Then the chord
Sol. Given y  x  3  0  y  x  3 of contact of P does not exist.
2
substitute  x  3  y 2  9 . W.E-21:Find the equation of the chord of contact
of (0, 5) w.r.t. x 2  y 2  5 x  4 y  2  0 .
3 3
we get x  3  and y  Sol. Required equation is S1  0 .
2 2
5
 3 3   x  0   y  5   x  0  2  y  5  2  0
 the point of contact is  3  ,  2
 2 2
 5 x  14 y  16  0
 Position of a line w.r.t. the circle : W.E-22: The line 9 x  y  28  0 is the chord of
If ‘c’ is centre “r” is radius of a circle and the
contact of the point p  h, k  with respect to
perpendicular distance from centre C to a line ' l '
is d, then the circle 2 x 2  2 y 2  3x  5 y  7  0 . Then
i) d>r  ' l ' is outside of the circle. p  h, k  is
ii) d=r  ' l ' is a tangent Sol.An equation of the chord of contact of p with
iii) d<r  ' l ' cuts the circle in two distinct points respect to the given circle is
 The number of circles touching all the three given 3 5
2 xh  2 yk   x  h   y  k   7  0
lines, which are 2 2
i) forming a triangle is Four  3  5 3 5
ii) such that two of the lines are parallel is Two  x  2h    y  2k    h  k  7  0 ... (1)
 2  2 2 2
iii) all parallel is zero which should be the same as given line
 In a circle, normal at any point of the cirle passes 9 x  y  28  0 ..... (2)
through its centre.
Comparing (1) and (2) we get
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4h  3 4k  5 3h  5k  14  pole of line lx+my+n=0 with respect to the

 
18 2 56  r 2l r 2 m 
circle x  y  r is  
2 2 2 , .
So, the point p is (3, 1) but S   3, 1  0  n n 
 The pole of the line lx+my+n=0 w.r.t the circle
where S  2 x 2  y 2  3 x  5 y  7 showing that p
lies inside the given circle and then cannot be the x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0 is
required point. Thus, the given line cannot be the
 lr 2 mr 2 
chord of contact of the given circle for any point P.   g  ,  f  
 lg  mf  n lg  mf  n 
 Pole and polar (Def): The points of intersection
of tangents to the circle S  0 drawn at the  Conjugate points (Def): Two points are said
extremities of the chords which are passing through to be conjugate points if polar of one point passes
a fixed point P lies on the line L  0 then the line through other point.
L  0 is called the polar of P with respect to  
P  x1, y1  and Q x 2 , y2 are conjugate points with
S  0 . The point P is called pole of the line L  0 respect to the curve (circle) S=0  S12  0 .
with respect to S  0 .
 Conjugate lines (Def): If pole of the line l1
with respect to a circle lies on the line l2 , then the
pole of l2 with respect to same circle lies on l1 .
Two such lines are called conjugate lines.
The condition that the lines l1 x  m1 y  n1  0 and
l2 x  m2 y  n2  0 to be conjugate w.r.t the circle.
i) x 2  y 2  r 2 is r 2  l1l2  m1m2   n1n2
ii) x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0 is

g 2
 f 2  c   l1l2  m1m2  
 The Polar equation of the point P  x1 , y1  with  l1 g  m1 f  n1  l2 g  m2 f  n2  .
respect to the circle S  0 is S1  0 . W.E-23:If the lines kx  3 y  1  0, 2 x  y  5  0,
 Some important aspects of pole and polar are conjugate w.r.t. the circle
i) If P lies outside the circle, then polar is chord of x 2  y 2  2 x  4 y  4  0 then find ' k ' .
contact of P. 2
ii) If P lies on the circle,then polar is tangent at P to Sol. r  l1l2  m1m2  =
the circle.   l1 g  m1 f  n1  l2 g  m2 f  n2 
iii) If P lies inside the circle ,then polar completely lies
outside the circle.  9  2k  3   k  5  9  k  2
iv) The polar of centre of circle w.r.t the same circle  Inverse Points(Def) : Let 'C' be the centre and
does not exist.
'r' be the radius of the circle S  0 . Two points P
v) pole of diameter does not exist.
vi) polar is perpendicular to the line joining centre and and Q are said to be inverse points w.r.t. the circle
pole. S  0 . If i) C , P, Q are collinear
vii) The polar of a point if exists is unique. ii) P, Q lies on the same side of C
viii) polars of collinear points are concurrent.
ix) poles of concurrent lines are collinear. iii) CP.CQ  r 2

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 Director circle: Locus of point of intersection

of perpendicular tangents to the circle
i) x2  y 2  r 2 is x2  y 2  2r 2
2 2
ii)  x  x1    y  y1   r 2 is
2 2
 x  x1    y  y1   2r 2 .
 Some important aspects of inverse points:  The locus of the point of intersection of
i) If P lies inside a circle ,then its inverse point lies perpendicular tangents drawn one to each of the
outside the circle circles x 2  y 2  a 2 and x 2  y 2  b 2 is
ii) If P lies on the circle then inverse point of P is itself.
x2  y 2  a2  b2
iii) Inverse point of centre does not exist.
 The locus of point of intersection of two tangents
iv) Inverse points are conjugate points, but the
which include an angle  , w.r.t the circle
converse need not be true.
v) Inverse point of a point if exists is unique.. x 2  y 2  r 2 is x 2  y 2  r 2 cos ec 2 / 2 .
vi) The inverse point of P with respect to the circle  The locus of mid points of chords of circle
S  0 is the foot of the perpendicular from P or x 2  y 2  r 2 which subtend angle ‘  ’ at centre is
from the centre of the circle to the polar of P .
x 2  y 2  r 2 cos 2  / 2 .
W.E-24 : If  6,8  ,  k , 2  are inverse points w.r.t  The locus of mid points of chords of the circle
the circle x 2  y 2  25, then 2k  x 2  y 2  r 2 of length '2k' units is
x2  y2  r 2  k 2 .
Sol.  x1 , y1    6,8  ;  x2 , y2    k , 2   The locus of the midpoints of the chords of the circle
The points are inverse w.r.t the circle x  y  25 2 2 S=0 passing through a given point is a circle with
the given point and the centre of S=0 as ends of
then S12  0 .  x1 x2  y1 y2  25  0 diameter.
 The locus of mid points of chords of x 2  y 2  r 2
  6  k   8  2   25  0  2k  3
which are at a distance of k units from centre is
 The inverse point of  x1, y1  with respect to the x2  y2  k 2
 If the circle S=0 and L=0 is a line intersecting the
2 2
 r x1 r y  circle in A and B, then any circle passing through
circle x 2  y 2  r 2 is  2 2
, 2 12. A,B is of the form S   L =0.
 x1  y1 x1  y1 
 The inverse point of origin with respect to the  Angle between the tangents from p  x1 , y1  to
circle x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0 is  r
S = 0 is  then tan  2   S .
11
 gc fc 
 g 2  f 2 ,  g 2  f 2   If two tangents are perpendicular then S11  r 2
 
 Equation of the chord of the circle S=0 whose mid  PA, PB are tangents to circle S = 0 with centre
C. Then circum centre of PAB is mid point of
point is  x1 , y1  is S1  S11 and its length is 2 S11 . CP
CP. Circum radius is .
 Equation of the pair of tangents from  x1 , y1  to 2
 Area of the quadrilateral formed by the two tangents
2
the circle S = 0 is S  S11S .
1
drawn from an external point to a circle and a pair
 Equation of the pair of tangents from origin to the 
of radii through their points of contact is r S11 . 
circle x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0 is  The length of the chord of contact of the point
2
 gx  fy   c  x2  y 2  . S11
P  x1 , y1  w.r.t to the circle S=0 is 2r
S11  r 2 .

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 S=0 is a circle in standard form ,with centre C and d) If C1C2 = | r1  r2 | then the two circles touch each
radius r. If P  x1 , y1  is a point then the area of the other internally. Then we can draw one common
triangle formed by pair of tangents from P and chord tangent to the circles.
3/2
r  S11 
of contact of P is
S11  r 2

The point of contact P divides C1C2 in the ratio

 Relative positions of two circles: r1 : r2 externally..
Let C1 , C2 be the centres and r1 , r2 are the radii of
e) If C1C2 < | r1  r2 | then one circle entirely lies
the circles S  0, S '  0 respectively.. inside the other circle. Then we cannot draw
a) If C1C2 > r1  r2 then the two circles do not common tangent.
intersect. Then we can draw four common
tangents to the circles.

 Two circles with centres C1, C2 and radii r1 , r2 touch

b) If C1C2 = r1  r2 then the two circles touch each each other if C1C2  r1  r2
other externally. Then we can draw three common
 Centres of similitude: The point of intersection
tangents to the circles
of direct common tangents of two circles  P  is
called as external centre of similitude.
The point of intersection of transverse common
tangents of two circles  Q  is called as internal
centre of similitude.

The point of contact P divides C1C2 in the ratio

r1 : r2 internally..
c) If | r1  r2 | < C1C2 < r1  r2 then the two circles
intersect each other.Then we can draw two The internal center of similitude  Q  divides C1C2
common tangents to the circles.
in the ratio r1 : r2 internally and the external centre
of similitude  P  divides C1C2 in the ratio r1 : r2
externally.
 The circle with centres of similitudes as diameter is
called circle of similitude.
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 Length of common tangents : W.E.-27: Show that the equation of the circle with
If d is the distance between centres of two circles centre at origin and passing through the
whose radii are r1 and r2 then length of direct vertices of an equilateral triangle whose
common tangent of two circles is median is of length 3a is x 2  y 2  4a 2 .
2 Sol: Clearly centre of a circle is (0, 0)
AB  d 2   r1  r2  and length of transverse
2
common tangent of two circles is Radius of the circle is  3a   2a
3
2
A ' B '  d 2   r1  r2  . Equation of the circle is x 2  y 2  4a 2 .

 1 
W.E.-28: If  mi , m  , mi  0, i  1, 2,3, 4 are four
 i 

distinct points on a circle, show that

m1 m 2 m 3 m 4  1 .
Sol: Let equation of the circle
x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0

W.E.-25: From the point A(0, 3) on the circle  1 

Circle passes through  mi , 
2
 mi 
x 2  4 x   y  3   0 , a chord AB drawn and
extended to a point M such that AM = 2AB.  mi4  2 gmi3  cmi2  2 fmi  1  0 ; m1m2 m3m4  1
Find the equation of the locus of M.
Sol: Let M   x1 , y1  W.E.-29 : A circle is inscribed in an equilateral
triangle of side a . Show that the area of the
Given that AM  2 AB  AB  BM
a2
 x1 y1  3  square inscribed in the circle is .
 B is the midpoint of AM B   2 , 2  6
 
Sol: Let radius of the circle is r then length of the altitude
B is a point on the given circle
2 2 3 r a
 x1   x1   y1  3  of a triangle = 3r  a
   4     3  0 2 2 3
 2   2   2 
a
x2 y 2  6 y1  9 Diagonal of the square is
 1  2 x1  1 0 3
4 4
 x12  y12  8 x1  6 y1  9  0 a
Side of the square is .
6
Locus of M is x 2  y 2  8 x  6 y  9  0 which
is a circle a2
Area of the square is .
W.E.-26: A square is inscribe in the circle 6
x 2  y 2  2 x  4 y  3  0 . Its sides are parallel W.E.-30:Each side of  ABC is the polar of the
opposite vertex with respect to a circle with
to the coordinate axes, then find the vertices
of a square. centre P. Then P is ortho centre of  ABC.
Sol: Since line joining vertex A and centre P is
Sol: Centre  1, 2  , radius r  2 .
 1 1 
 
perpendicular polar of P BC .
Vertices of a square =  1  2. , 2  2.  P is orthocentre of  ABC.
 2 2
In this case A, B, C are pairwise conjugate points
  1  1,  2  1,    0, 1 0, 3 2, 1 2, 3 w.r.to the circle

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C.U.Q 8. A and B are two fixed points. The locus of P

sin B
1. Number of circles drawn through two points is such that in PAB , is a constant
1) One 2) Two sin A
3) Three 4) Infinite   1 is ________
2. If three lines are not concurrent and no two of 1) a circle 2) pair of lines
them are parallel, number of circles drawn 3) part of a circle 4) line parallel to BC
touching all the three lines 9. A tangent at a point on the circle x 2  y 2  a 2
1) 1 2) 4 3) 3 4) Infinite
intersect a concentric circle 'S' at P and Q. The
3. Equation of circle passing through
tangents of this circle at P, Q meet on the circle
non -collinear points A, B, C is
1)Equation of the circle on AB as diameter+ K x 2  y 2  b 2 then the equation of concentric
(equation of AB) = 0 circle is
2) Equation of the circle on AB as diameter+ K 1) x2  y 2  a 2b 2 2) x2  y 2  ab
(equation of BC) = 0 a
2 2
3) Equation of the circle on AB as diameter+ K 3) x2  y 2  a 2  b 2 4) x  y 
b
(equation of CA) = 0
4) Equation of the circle on BC as diameter+ K 10. If t1 and t2 are the lengths of tangents drawn
(equation of AC) = 0 from two conjugate points A, B then t12  t22 
1) AB 2) 2AB 3) AB 2 4) 2AB 2
4. The equation of the chord joining  ,  on the
11. The locus of middle points of the chords of the
circle S = 0 is
circle x 2  y 2  a 2 subtending an angle '  ' at
          
1)  x  g  cos  2
   y  f  sin 
  2
  cos 
  2 
 the centre is
            1) x 2  y 2  a cos  / 2
2)  x  g  cos  2    y  f  sin  2   r cos  2 
2) x 2  y 2  a 2 cos  / 2
3)  x  g  cos        y  f  sin       r cos     
 2   2   2  3) x 2  y 2  a 2 cos 2  / 2
           
4)  x  g  cos  2    y  f  sin  2   r cos  2  4) x 2  y 2  cos 2  / 2
12. Pole of diameter of a circle w.r. to the same
5. If the circle x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0 touches circle lies
1) inside of the circle 2) outside of the circle
x - axis at ( x1 , 0) then x 2  2 gx  c 
3) on the circle 4) Does not exist
2 2
1)  x  x1  2)  x  x1  13. The equation of tangent at  on S = 0
2 2 1)  x  g  cos   y  f  sin   r
3)  y  y1  4)  y  y1 
6. G.M of shortest and farthest distances from a 2)  x  g  cos   y  f  sin   r 2
point w.r.t a circle S = 0 is 3)  x  g  cos   y  f  sin   r
2
1) S11 2) S11 3) S
2r 4)
11 4)  x  g  cos   y  f  sin   r 2
7. The locus of the point of intersection of the 14. Equation of the circle passing through (0,0),
two tangents drawn to the circle x 2  y 2  a 2 (a, b) and (b, a) is
which include an angle  is 1)  a  b   x  y    a  b   x  y   0
2 2 2 2

1) x 2  y 2  a 2 cos ec 2  / 2
2)  a  b  x  y    a  b  x  y   0
2 2 2 2

2) x 2  y 2  a 2 cot 2  / 2
3)  a  b   x  y    a  b   x  y   0
2 2 2 2

3) x 2  y 2  a 2 tan 
4)  a  b  x  y    a  b  x  y   0
2 2 2 2
4) x 2  y 2  a 2 tan  / 2
14 NARA YANAGROUP
 JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV CIRCLES

15. An equilateral triangle is inscribed in the circle C.U.Q - HINTS

x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0 then its side is 1. Draw a diagram
r 2. Draw a diagram
1) 3 r 2) 3 r 3) 4) 2 r 3. The equation of the circle on AB as diameter +
3
K(equation of AB)=0
16. The polars of three points w.r. to a given circle
are concurrent then the three points are 4. The equation of line joining
1) collinear 2) form an equilateral A( g  r cos  , f  r sin  )
3) form a right angled triangle B( g  r cos  ,  f  r sin  )
4) passes through the centre of the circle
5. x 2  2gx  c  0 has equal roots are x1 , x 2
17. If x 2  y 2  2x  4y  1  0 complete one
revolution on the x-axis then the centre in new 6.  CP  r  CP  r   S11
position is
 a
1) (1, –2) 2) 1, 4  2  7. tan 2  S
11
3) 1  4, 2  4) 1  4, 2 
PA sin B
8.  k
18. S = 0 is a circle and P  x1 , y1  is an external PB sin A
point to it PA and PB are tangents to S = 0 9. take p(x1 , y1 ) be any point on x 2  y 2  a 2 and
from the point P, A and B are points of contacts Q  ,   be on x 2  y 2  b 2 and the polar of
of tangents. The centre of circum circle of
 PAB is
 ,   w.r.t x 2  y 2  r 2 touches x 2  y 2  a 2
10. t12  t 22  S11  S22  AB2
1)  x1  g , y1  f  2)  x1  g , y1  f 
11. Let P  x1 , y1  be mid point of chord and
 x1  g y1  f   g  f   CP
3)  ,  4)  ,  cos 
 2 2   2 2  2 a
19. A circle is inscribed in an equilateral triangle 12. The polar of any point on the diameter w.r. to same
of side ‘a’ the area of any square inscribed in circle does not exist
this circle is 13. Find equation of tangent at
2  g  r cos  , f  r sin  
a2 a2 2a 2 a
1) 2) 3) 4) 14. Find equation of circle passing through given three
3 6 3 3 points
20. Chords of the circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 a
subtends a right angle at the origin. The locus 15. Cos 30º  , a is a side of  le
2r
of the feet of the perpendiculars from the
origin to these chords is 16. Statement
1) x2 + y2 + gx + fy + c = 0
2) 2(x2 + y2 ) + gx + fy + c = 0
3) 2( x2 + y2 + gx + fy ) + c = 0
4) x2 + y2 + 2 (gx + fy + c ) = 0 17.

C.U.Q KEY
18. Mid point of CP
1) 4 2) 2 3) 1 4)2 5) 1
6) 2 7) 1 8) 1 9) 2 10) 3 h a a
19. r   h is length of median  R  3
11) 3 12) 4 13) 1 14) 1 15) 2 3 2 3
16) 1 17) 3 18) 3 19) 2 20) 3

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4. If the centroid of an equilateral triangle is (1,1)

and one of its vertices is (-1,2) then, equation
of its circum circle is
1) x 2  y 2  2 x  2 y  3  0
2) x 2  y 2  2 x  2 y  3  0
2
Area of square = R 2 3) x 2  y 2  4 x  6 y  9  0
20. Let p  x1, y1  be the mid point of a chord. OP is 4) x 2  y 2  x  y  5  0
Perpendicular to the chord. Equation of the chord
5. For the circle ax 2  y 2  bx  dy  2  0
is xx1  yy1  x12  y12  (1) center is (1,2) then 2b+3d=
Homogeneous the circle equation with the help of 1)-16 2)16 3)8 4) -8
6. The radius of the circle passing through (6 , 2)
(1). Then use sum of the coefficients of x 2and y 2 and the equations of two normals for the circle
is equal to zero are x + y = 6 and x+2y = 4 is
LEVEL-I (C.W) 1) 5 2) 2 5 3) 3 5 4) 4 5
7. Origin is the centre of circle passing through
EQUATION OF CIRCLE, the vertices of an equilateral triangle whose
median is of length 3a then equation of the
CENTRE -RADIUS FORM circle is
1. The equation of the circle with radius 3 and 1) x 2  y 2  a 2 2) x 2  y 2  2a 2
centre as the point of intersection of the lines
3) x 2  y 2  3a 2 4) x 2  y 2  4a 2
2 x  3 y  5, 2 x  y  1 is
8. The diameters of a circle are along 2x+y-7=0
1) x 2  y 2  9 and x+3y-11=0. Then the equation of this circle
which also passes through (5 , 7) is
2) x 2  y 2  2 x  2 y  7  0
(EAMCET-2009)
3) x 2  y 2  2 x  2 y  7  0 1) x 2  y 2  4 x  6 y  16  0
4) x 2  y 2  9  0 2) x 2  y 2  4 x  6 y  20  0
2. The circle concentric with 3) x 2  y 2  4 x  6 y  12  0
x 2  y 2  4 x  6 y  3  0 and radius 2 is
4) x 2  y 2  4 x  6 y  12  0
2 2
1) x  y  4 x  6 y  9  0
9. If the two circles x 2  y 2  2 gx  c  0 and
2 2
2) x  y  4 x  6 y  9  0
x 2  y 2  2 fy  c  0 have equal radius then
3) x 2  y 2  4 x  6 y  9  0 locus of (g , f) is
4) x 2  y 2  4 1) x 2  y 2  c 2 2) x 2  y 2  2c
3 . Find the equation of the circle passing through 3) x  y 2  c 2 4) x 2  y 2  2c 2
(-2, 14) and concentric with the circle 10. Centre and radius of the circle with segment
x 2  y 2  6 x  4 y  12  0 . of the line x+y=1 cut off by coordinate axes as
diameter is
1) x 2  y 2  6 x  4 y  156  0
1 1 1  1 1 1
2 2
2) x  y  6 x  4 y  156  0 1)  ,  , 2)   , ,
2 2 2  2 2 2
2 2
3) x  y  6 x  4 y  156  0 1 1 1  1 1 1
3)  ,   , 4)   ,  ,
2 2
4) x  y  6 x  4 y  156  0 2 2 2  2 2 2

16 NARA YANAGROUP
 JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV CIRCLES

SHORTEST DISTANCE AND 19. The equation of the circle with centre (3,2)
LONGEST DISTANCE and the power of (1,-2) w.r.t the circle
x 2  y 2  1 as radius is
11. The shortest distance from (-2, 14) to the
circle x 2  y 2  6 x  4 y  12  0 is 1) x 2  y 2  6 x  4 y  3  0
1) 4 2) 6 3) 8 4)10 2) x 2  y 2  3x  2 y  3  0
12. The least distance of the line 8x-4y+73=0 from 3) x 2  y 2  6 x  4 y  3  0
the circle
4) x 2  y 2  6 x  4 y  3  0
16 x 2  16 y 2  48 x  8 y  43  0 is
20. If a line is drawn through a point A(3,4) to cut
1) 5/2 2) 2 5 3) 3 5 4) 4 5 the circle x 2  y 2  4 at P andQ then AP . AQ=
CONCYCLIC POINTS, 1)15 2) 17 3) 21 4) 25
CIRCUMSCRIBING CIRCLES 21. A chord of length 24 units is at a distance
of 5 units from the center of a circle then
13. If the points (0,0), (2,0) ,(0,-2), and (k,-2) are its radius is
concyclic then k= 1) 5 2)12 3)13 4)10
1)2 2)-2 3)0 4)1 22. If the line 3x-4y=  cuts the circle
14. If a circle is inscribed in a square of side
x 2  y 2  4 x  8 y  5  0 in two points then
10, so that the circle touches the four sides
of the square internally then radius of the limits of  are (AIEEE-2010)
circle is 1) [-35,15] 2) (-35,15)
3) (-35,10) 4) (-35,15]
1)10 2) 5 2 3)10 2 4)5
15. The centre of the circle circumscribing the TANGENT AND NORMAL
square whose three sides are 23. The length of the tangent from (1,1) to the
3 x  y  22, x  3 y  14 and 3 x  y  62 is: circle 2 x 2  2 y 2  5 x  3 y  1  0 is
 3 27   27 3  1) 13 / 2 2)3 3)2 4) 1
1)  ,  2)  , 
2 2   2 2 24. The locus of the point from which the
length of the tangent to the circle
 2
3)  27,3 4) 1,  x 2  y 2  2 x  4 y  4  0 is 3 units is
 3
16. If the points(2,0)(0,1),(4,0)and(0,a) are 1) x 2  y 2  2 x  4 y  9  0
concyclic then a= 2) x 2  y 2  2 x  4 y  4  0
1) 2 2) 4 3) 6 4) 8
17. Centre of the circle inscribed in a rectangle 3) x 2  y 2  2 x  4 y  3  0
formed by the lines x 2  8 x  12  0 and 4) x 2  y 2  2 x  4 y  5  0
y 2  14 y  40  0 is 25. The tangent to the circle
1) (4, 7) 2) (7, 4) 3) (9, 4) 4) (4, 9) x 2  y 2  4 x  2 y  k  0 at (1,1) is
POWER OF A POINT, POSITION x  2 y  1  0 then k=
OF A POINT, CHORD 1) -1 2)0 3) 1 4) 2
26. The equations of the tangents to the circle
18. The power of(1,1) with respect to the circle
x 2  y 2  25 with slope 2 is
x 2  y 2  4 x  3 y  k  0 is 3 then k
1) y  2 x  5 2) y  2 x  2 5
is
1) 1 2) 2 3) y  2 x  3 5 4) y  2 x  5 5
3) 3 4) 4
NARA YANAGROUP 17
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27. The line 4 y  3 x    0 touches the circle 35. The equation of the circle with centre at (4,3)
and touching the line 5x-12y-10=0 is
x 2  y 2  4 x  8 y  5  0 then  =
1) x 2  y 2  4 x  6 y  4  0
1) 29 2) 10 3) -35 4) 35
28. The circle to which two tangents can be drawn 2) x 2  y 2  6 x  8 y  16  0
from origin is 3) x 2  y 2  8 x  6 y  21  0
1) x 2  y 2  8 x  4 y  3  0
4) x 2  y 2  24 x  10 y  144  0
2 2
2) x  y  4 x  2 y  2  0 36. The locus of points from which lengths of
3) x 2  y 2  8 x  6 y  1  0 tangents to the two circles x 2  y 2  4 x  3  0 ,
4) both (2) &(3) x 2  y 2  6 x  5  0 are in the ratio 2 : 3 is a
29. The normal at(1,1) to the circle circle with centre
2 2
x  y  4 x  6 y  4  0 is 1) (6,0) 2) (-6,0) 3) (0,6) 4) (0,-6)
1) 4x+3y=7 2) 4x+y=5 CIRCLES TOUCHING
3) x+y=2 4) 4x-y=5 COORDINATE AXES AND
30. Slopes of tangents through(7, 1) to the circle
INTERCEPTS ON AXES
x 2  y 2  25 satisfy the equation
37. The circle with centre (4,-1) and touching x-
1) 12m 2  7 m  12  0 axis is
2) 12m 2  7 m  12  0 1) x 2  y 2  8 x  2 y  16  0
3) 12m 2  7 m  12  0 2) x  y 2  18 x  2 y  16  0
4) 12m 2  7 m  12  0
31. Angle between tangents drawn from a point P
3) x2  y2  4x  y  4  0
2 2
to circle x 2  y 2  4 x  8 y  8  0 is 600 then 4) x  y  14 x  y  4  0
length of chord of contact of Pis 38. If the line hx + ky = 1/a touches the circle
1) 6 2) 4 3) 2 4) 3 x 2  y 2  a 2 then the locus of (h,k) is circle
32. Locus of the point of intersection of
of radius
perpendicular tangents to the circle
1 1
x 2  y 2  10 is 1) 2) a 2 3) a 4)
a a2
1) x 2  y 2  5 2) x 2  y 2  20
39. The circle x 2  y 2  2ax  2ay  a 2  0 touches
3) x 2  y 2  10 4) x 2  y 2  100
axes of co-ordinates at
33. Locus of the point of intersection of 1) (a,a), (0,0) 2) (a,o), (0,0)
perpendicular tangents drawn one to each of 3) (a,o), (0,a) 4) (o,a), (1,a)
the circles x 2  y 2  8 and x 2  y 2  12 is 40. The y-intercept of the circle
1) x 2  y 2  4 2) x 2  y 2  20 x 2  y 2  4 x  8 y  5  0 is
1) 2 21 2) 2 19 3) 6 4)12
3) x 2  y 2  208 4) x 2  y 2  16
41. The intercept made by the circle with centre
34. The locus of the point of intersection of
(2, 3) and radius 6 on y-axis is
perpendicular tangents drawn to each of circles
x 2 + y2 = 16 and x2 + y2 = 9 is a circle whose 1) 18 2 2 ) 12 2 3) 8 2 4) 6 2
diameter is 42. The centre of the circle passing through origin
and making intercepts 8 and -4 on x and y-
1) 5 2) 7 axes respectively is
3) 2 7 4) 10 1) (4, -2) 2) (-2, 4) 3) (8, -4) 4) both(1) & (2)

18 NARA YANAGROUP
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43. 2x + y = 0 is the equation of a diameter of the 50. To the cir cle x 2  y 2  8 x  4 y  4  0 tangent
circle which touches the lines

4x–3y+10=0 and 4x–3y–30=0. The centre and at the point   is
radius of the circle are 4
1) (-2,1); 4 2) (1,-2); 8 1) x  y  2  4 2  0 2) x  y  2  4 2  0
3) (1,-2);4 4) (1,-2);16
44. The equation of the circle which has both the 3) x  y  2  4 2  0 4) x  y  2  4 2  0
axes as its tangents and which passes through CHORD OF CONTACT, POLE,
the point (1,2)
POLAR, CONJUGATE POINTS
1) x2 + y2 - 2x + 2y -1 = 0
2) x2 + y2 - 2x + 2y + 1 = 0
AND LINES, INVERSE POINTS
3) x2 + y2 - 2x - 2y + 1 = 0 (POLE AND POLAR NOT FOR MAINS)
4) x2 + y2 - 2x - 2y - 1 = 0 51. The chord of contact of (2,1) w.r.t to the circle
45. If a circle of radius 2 touches X-axis at (1,0)
x 2  y 2  4 x  4 y  1  0 is
then its centre may be
1) 2x+y+7=0 2) 4x+3y+7=0
1) (1, 2) and (1, -2) 2) (1, 2) and (2, 1)
3) 3x+4y+1=0 4) not existing
3) (-1, 2) (1, -2) 4) (-1, 2) (-1, -2)
2 2
46. Equation of circles touching x-axis at the 52. The polar of (2,-1)w.r.t x  y  6 x  4 y  1  0
origin and the line 4x-3y+24=0 are is 5x+y+k=0 then k =
1) x 2  y 2  6 y  0, x 2  y 2  24 y  0, 1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
53. pole of 3x+5y+17=0 w.r.t the circle
2) x 2  y 2  2 y  0, x 2  y 2  18 y  0,
x 2  y 2  4 x  6 y  9  0 is
3) x 2  y 2  18 x  0, x 2  y 2  8 x  0, 1) (-1,2) 2) (1,2) 3) (1,-2) 4)(2,1)
54. If ax+by+c=0 is the polar of (1,1) w.r.t the circle
4) x 2  y 2  4 x  0, x 2  y 2  16 x  0
47. Centre of the circle toucing y-axis at (0,3) and x 2  y 2  2 x  2 y  1  0 and H.C.F of a,b,c is
making an intercept 2 units on positive X - equal to one then a 2  b 2  c 2 
axis is 1) 0 2) 3 3) 5 4) 15
55. If (1,1),(k,2) are conjugate points with
1)  10,3 
2) 3, 10  respect to the circle x 2  y 2  8 x  2 y  3  0 ,
3)   10, 3 
4)  10, 3  then k =
1) -12 2)-12/7 3) -12/5 4) -4
PARAMETRIC EQUATIONS 56. If 3x+2y=3 and 2x+5y=1 are conjugate lines
w.r.t the circle x 2  y 2  r 2 then r 2 =
48. Parametric equation of the circle x 2  y 2  16
are 3 16 4 3
1) 2) 3) 4)
1) x  4 cos  , y  4 sin  16 3 3 4
2) x  4 cos  , y  4 tan  57. The points (3,2), (2,3) w.r.t the circle

3) x  4 cosh  , y  4 sinh  x 2  y 2  12 are

1) extremities of a diameter 2) conjugatepoints
4) x  4 sec  , y  4 tan 
3) Inverse points 4) lie on the circle
49. Locus of the point  sec h , tanh   is 58. The length of chord of contact of the point (3,6)
with respect to the circle x 2  y 2  10 is
1) x 2  y 2  1 2) x 2  y 2  1
3) x 2  y 2  1  0 4) x 2  y 2  x  y 2 70 12
1) 2) 6 5 3) 5 4)
3 5
NARA YANAGROUP 19
 CIRCLES JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV

59. If the lines 2x + 3y - 4 = 0 and kx + 4y-2 = 0 CIRCLES-RELATIVE POSITIONS

are conjugate with respect to the circle
x2 + y2 = 4 then k - 1 = 66. The circles x 2  y 2  12 x  8 y  48  0 ,
1) -5 2) -6 3) -4 4) 5
x 2  y 2  4 x  2 y  4  0 are
2 2
60. For the circle x  y  2 x  4 y  4  0 ,the
1) intersecting
lines 2x+3y-1=0 ,2x+y+5=0 are 2) touching externally
1) perpendicular tangents 3) touching internally
2) conjugate 4) one is lying inside the other
3) parallel tangents
4) perpendicular chords 67. The circles x 2  y 2  2 x  4 y  20  0 ,
61. The inverse point of (2 ,-3) w.r.t to circle x 2  y 2  4 x  2 y  4  0 are
x 2  y 2  6 x  4 y  12  0 is 1) one lies out side the other
1 1  1 1 2) one lies completely inside the other
1)  ,  2)   ,  3) touch externally
2 2  2 2
4) touch internally
1 1  1 1 68. The number of common tangents to
3)  ,   4)   ,  
2 2  2 2 2 2
x 2  y 2  256,  x  3   y  4   121 is
62. If the inverse of P(-3,5) w.r.t to a circle is (1,3)
then polar of P w.r.t to the circle is 1) one 2) two
1) x+2y=7 2) 2x-2y+11=0 3) four 4) zero
3) 2x-y+1=0 4) 2x-y-1=0 69. The internal centre of similitude of the circles

CHORD WITH MID POINT x2  y2  2x  4 y  4  0 ,

63. The equation of the chord of x 2  y 2  4 x  2 y  1  0 divides the segment

joining their centres in the ratio
x 2  y 2  4 x  6 y  3  0 whose mid point is
1) 1:2 2) 2:1
(1,-2) is
3) -1:2 4) -2:1
1) x+y+1=0 2) 2x+3y+4=0
70. The external centre of similitude of the circle
3) x-y-3=0 4) not existing
64 . The pair of tangents from (2,1) to the circle x 2  y 2  12 x  8 y  48  0 and
x 2  y 2  4 is x2  y 2  4x  2 y  4  0 divides the
2
1) 3 x  4 xy  16 x  8 y  20  0 segment joining centres in the ratio
1) 2:3 2) 3:2
2) 3 x 2  4 xy  16 x  8 y  20  0
3) -2:3 4) -3:2
3) 3 x 2  4 xy  16 x  8 y  20  0 2 2
71. If the two circles  x  1   y  3  r 2
2
4) 3 x  4 xy  16 x  8 y  20  0
65 . The pair of tangents from origin to the circle and x 2  y 2  8 x  2 y  8  0 intersect in two

x 2  y 2  4 x  2 y  3  0 is distinct points ,then (AIEEE-2003)

1) r > 2 2) 2 < r <8
2
1)  2x  y   3  x2  y 2  3) r < 2 4) r = 2
2
72. If the distance between the centres of two
2)  4 x  2 y   3  x 2  y 2  circles of radii 3,4 is 25 then the length of the
2 transverse common tangent is
3)  2 x  y   3  x 2  y 2  1) 24 2) 12
4) not existing 3) 26 4) 13
20 NARA YANAGROUP
 JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV CIRCLES

LEVEL - I (C.W.) - KEY 24) Let point be  x1 , y1  and S11  3

1) 2 2)2 3) 1 4) 1 5) 1 6) 2 7) 4 25) S1  0
8) 3 9) 2 10) 1 11) 3 12) 2 13) 1 14) 4
26) y  mx  r 1  m 2
15) 2 16) 4 17) 1 18) 2 19) 1 20) 3 21) 3
22) 2 23) 1 24) 4 25) 2 26) 4 27) 3 28) 4 27) r=d
29) 2 30) 4 31) 1 32) 2 33) 2 34) 4 35) 3 28) S12  SS11
36) 2 37) 1 38) 4 39) 3 40) 1 41) 3 42) 1 29) Passing through the origin
43) 3 44) 3 45) 1 46) 1 47) 1 48) 1 49) 1 30) y  mx  r 1  m 2 and substitute (7,1)
50) 1 51) 2 52) 3 53) 2 54) 3 55) 3 56) 1
57) 2 58) 1 59) 2 60) 2 61) 4 62) 1 63) 3  r
64) 3 65) 1 66) 2 67) 2 68) 1 69) 1 70) 3 31) use tan 2  S11
71) 2 72) 1
32) Director Circle
LEVEL - I (C.W.) - HINTS 33) x 2  y 2  a 2  b 2
1) Point of intersection of straight lines is centre 34) director circle concept
2) same centre 35) verify
3) Let the required circle is x 2  y 2  6 x  4 y  k  0 S11 2
36) 
and it is passing through  2,14  S111 3
4) G is centre and radius is AG 37) verify
5) a 1 38) r = d
6) Point of intersection of normals is centre 39) verify
7) radius is 2a 40) 2 f 2  c
8) r  CP
41) r  6, d  2 and 2 r 2  d 2  8 2
9) r1  r2 and  g , f    x, y 
10) verify 42) Verify g 2  f 2  12
11) CP  r 43) Lines are two parallel tangents. Centre lies on
12) perpendicular distance - radius diametre
44) foot of the perpendicular
13) circle is x 2  y 2  ax  by  0 where
45) verify
a  2; b  2 46) verify
2 47) draw the diagram
14) x 2  x 2   2r 
48) x  r cos  ; y  r sin 
15) The lines form a square
49) eliminate 
16) a1a2  b1b2
50) Apply ( x  g )Cos  ( y  f ) Sin  r  0
17) split lines and center is passing through point of in-
tersection of midway lines 51) S1  0
18) S11  3 52) S1  0
19) C=(3,2), r  S11 53) S1  0 and compare
20) it is power of point (3,4) 54) S1  0 and compare
21) 2 r  d  24
2 2 ;d  5 55) S12  0
22) r  d
56) r 2 (l1l2  m1m 2 )  n1n2
23) Devide with 2 and apply S11
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 CIRCLES JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV

57) S12  0 ; CP.CQ  r 2 3 . Equation of circle passing through (-1,-2) and

concentric with the circle
58) S1  0 and applying 2 r 2  d 2
59) find inverse point and compare x2  y 2  3x  4 y  1  0
60) verify 1) x 2  y 2  3 x  4 y  6  0
61) foot of the perpendicular to its polar
62) line passing through two points 2) x 2  y 2  3x  4 y  6  0

63) S1  S11 3) x 2  y 2  3 x  4 y  6  0

64) S12  S .S11 4) x 2  y 2  3 x  4 y  6  0

4. The area of the circle
65) S12  S .S11
x 2  y 2  4 x  2 y  k  0 is 25  square units
66) C1C2  r1  r2
then k=
67) C1C2  r1  r2 1)20 2) -20
3)  20 4) 0
68) C1C2  r1  r2 5. If (1,2) (2,a) are extremities of a diameter
69) r1 : r2 internally of the circle x 2  y 2  3 x  4 y  6  0 then a=
70) r1 : r2 externally 1) 1 2) 2
3) 3 4) 4
71) C1C2  r1  r2 6. The lines 2x-3y=5 and 3x-4y=7 are the
2 diameters of a circle of area 154 sq.units.Then
72) d 2   r1  r2 
equation of circle is
2
LEVEL-I (H.W) 1)  x  1  ( y  1)2  49
2
EQUATION OF CIRCLE, CENTRE - 2)  x  1  ( y  1) 2  49
RADIUS FORM 2
3)  x  1  ( y  1) 2  49
3 1 3 2
4)  x  1  ( y  1) 2  49
1. The circle with centre  ,  and radius is
2 2 2
SHORTEST DISTANCE AND
1) x 2  y 2  2 x  2 y  1  0
LONGEST DISTANCE
2) x 2  y 2  2 x  2 y  1  0 7. The nearest point on the circle

3) x 2  y 2  3 x  y  1  0 x 2  y 2  6 x  4 y  12  0 from (-5, 4) is
1) (1 ,1 ) 2) (-1, 1)
4) x 2  y 2  3 x  y  1  0 3) (-1, 2) 4) (-2, 2)
2. Circle with centre origin and passing through 8. If d1 & d 2 are the longest and shortest
(-1,2) is distances of (-7, 2) from any point  ,   on
1) x 2  y 2  5 the curve whose equation is
2 2
x  y  10 x  14 y  51 then G .M of d1 & d 2
2) x 2  y 2  1
is
3) x 2  y 2  2 1) 11 2) 7

4) x 2  y 2  4 3) 2 4) 2 11

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 JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV CIRCLES

CONCYCLIC POINTS, 16. The point of contact of y  x  3 2 with

CIRCUMSCRIBING CIRCLES
x 2  y 2  9 is
9. The circle through the points (2,3), (2,2), (3,2)
is  3 3   3 2 
1)  ,  2)  , 
1) x 2  y 2  2 x  3 y  0 2) x 2  y 2  13  2 2  2 2
3) x 2  y 2  5 x  5 y  12  0  3 3   3 3 
3)  ,  4)  , 
4) x 2  y 2  5 x  5 y  12  0  2 2  2 2
10. The circle passing through(5,-5), (1,7), (-7,1) 17. If the lines 3x-4y+4=0 and 6x-8y-7=0 are tangents
is to a circle, then the radius of the circle is
1) x 2  y 2  50 2) x 2  y 2  5 x  5 y  0 3 1 7 11
1)2) 3) 4)
3) x 2  y 2  6 x  8 y  0 4) x 2  y 2  5 4 2 8 10
11. Centre of circle passing through A(0,1), B(2,3), 18. Equation of the tangent to the circle
C(-2,5) is x 2  y 2  2 x  4 y  4  0 which is parallel to
 1 10  the line 3x+4y-1=0 is
1) (-1 , 10) 2)  ,  1) 3x+4y=5 2) 3x+4y=15
 3 3 3) 3x+4y=10 4) 3x-4y=10
 10 2   1 10  19. The tangents at (5,12) and (12,-5) to the circle
3)  ,  4)  , 
 3 3  3 3  x 2  y 2  169 are
1) coincident 2) perpendicular
POWER OF A POINT, POSITION
3) parallel 4) at an angle of 450
OF A POINT, CHORD
20. If two tangents are drawn from a point on
12. A chord through P cut the circle
x 2  y 2  16 to the circle x 2  y 2  8 then the
2 2
x  y  2 gx  2 fy  c  0 in Aand B angle between the tangents is
another chord through P in C and D, then
  2
1) PA.PB<PC.PD 2)PA.PB=PC.PD 1) 2) 3) 4) 
3) PA.PC=PB.PD 4)PA.PB>PC.PD 2 4 3
13. The intercept made by the circle 21. The length of tangent from any point on the
x2  y 2  4x  6 y  3  0 on the line circle x 2  y 2  4 x  6 y  12  0 to the circle

x  y  3  0 is x 2  y 2  4 x  6 y  4  0 is
1) 2 2) 16 3) 8 4) 4
1) 14 2)2 14 3)6 2 4)3 2
CIRCLES TOUCHING
TANGENT AND NORMAL
COORDINATE AXES AND
14. The equation of the tangent to the circle INTERCEPTS ON AXES
x 2  y 2  4 x  4 y  2  0 at (1,1) is 22. The number of circles touching both the axes
1) x  3 y  2  0 2) x  3 y  2  0 with radius 5 is
3) 3 x  y  1  0 4) x  3 y  4 1) 4 2) 3 3) 2 4) 0
23. The intercept made by the circle
15. The equations of the tangents to the circle
x 2  y 2  4 x  8 y  c  0 on x-axis is 2 10 ,
x 2  y 2  4 which are parallel to x-axis are
then c=
1) x  2 2) y  2 1) -6 2) 6
3) y  1 4) y  4 3)  6 4) 12

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 CIRCLES JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV

24. The equation to the side BC of ABC is 31. If (1,4), (-2,3) are conjugate points w.r.t

x + 5 = 0. If  3,2  is the orthocentre and x 2  y 2  k ,then k=

(0,0) is the circumcentre then radius of the 1) 10 2) 10 3) 100 4) 4
circle is 32. If kx+3y=1,2x+y+5=0 are conjugate lines w.r.t
1) 51 2) 13 3) 53 4) 63 the circle x 2  y 2  2 x  4 y  4  0 then k =
25. Equation of the circle with centre (5 ,-4) and 1) 3 2) 4 3) 2 4) 1
touching y-axis is 33. The line x cos  + y sin  = p intersects the
circle x2 + y2 = 4 at A and B. If the chord AB
1) x 2  y 2  10 x  8 y  16  0
makes an angle 30 0 at a point on the
2) x 2  y 2  10 x  8 y  16  0 circumference of the circle, then
1) p2 = 3 2) p2 = 4 cos2 150
3) x 2  y 2  10 x  8 y  16  0
3) p2 = 2 4) p2 = 6
4) x 2  y 2  10 x  8 y  16  0 34. The lengths of tangents from two points A,B
to a circle are 6,7 respectively.If A and B are
PARAMETRIC EQUATIONS conjugate points then AB=
26. The parametric equations of the circle 1) 85 2) 42 3) 85 4) 13
2 2
x  y  2 x  4 y  11  0 are 35. If the inverse of P(1,2) w.r.t to
1) x  1  4 cos  , y  2  4sin  x 2  y 2  4 x  6 y  9  0 is Q then PQ =
2) x  1  4 cos  , y  2  4 sin  1) 2 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
3) x  1  4 cos  , y  2  4 sin 
CHORD WITH MID POINT
4) x  1  4 cos  , y  2  4sin 
36. The mid point of the chord x-2y+7=0w.r.t the
27. Locus of the point  cos   sin  , cos   sin   circle x 2  y 2  2 x  10 y  1  0 is
Where  is parameter is
 7 21 
1) x 2  y 2  1 2) x 2  y 2  4 1) (7,21) 2)  , 
4 4 
3) x 2  y 2  2 4) y 2  4ax
 7 21   7 21 
28. The normal at '  ’ of the circle x 2  y 2  a 2 is 3)  ,  4)  , 
5 5   5 5 
1) x cos   y sin   0 2) x cos   y sin   0
CIRCLES-RELATIVE POSITIONS
3) x sin   y cos   0 4) x sin   y cos   0
37. The circles x 2  y 2  8 x  6 y  21  0 ,
CHORD OF CONTACT, POLE,
POLAR, CONJUGATE POINTS x 2  y 2  4 x  10 y  115  0 are
AND LINES, INVERSE POINTS 1) intersecting 2) touching externally
3) touching internally 4) one is lying inside the other
(POLE AND POLAR NOT FOR MAINS)
38. The number of common tangents to
29. The chord of contact of (1,2) with respect to
x 2  y 2  8 , x 2  y 2  2 is
2 2
the circle x  y  4 x  6 y  2  0 is 1) one 2) two
1) x+y-6=0 2) x+2y-2=0 3) four 4) zero
3) 2x+y+6=0 4) not existing 39. The internal centre of similitude of two circles
30. The polar of (2,3) w.r.t the circle 2 2 2 2
 x  3   y  2   9,  x  5    y  6   9 is
x 2  y 2  4 x  6 y  2  0 is
1) (-1,-2) 2) (-2,-1)
1) a tangent 2) a diameter 3) (3,2) 4) (-5,-6)
3) a chord of contact 4) not existing
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 JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV CIRCLES

40. If the circles x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  0 14) S1  0

x 2  y 2  2 g 1 x  2 f 1 y  0 touch each other 15) m=0
then 17) Distance is diameter
1) fg  f 1 g 1 2) fg 1  f 1 g
18) r=d
3) f  g  f 1  g 1 4) f  f 1  g  g 1
41. Equation of circle whose radius is 5 and which 19) m1m2  1
touches the circle x 2  y 2  2 x  4 y  20  0 at 20) perpendicular
(5,5) is
1) ( x  9) 2  ( y  8) 2  5 21) c1  c2
2) ( x  9) 2  ( y  8) 2  25 22) four circles in four quadrants
2 2
3) x  y  25
23) 2 g 2  c
4) ( x  9) 2  ( y  8) 2  25
24) Let D is the image of (-3,2) w.r.t x+5=0. And r=SD
LEVEL-I (H.W.) KEY
25) verify
1)3 2) 1 3) 1 4) 2 5) 2 6) 3 7) 2
8) 4 9) 3 10) 1 11) 2 12) 2 13) 2 14) 1 26) x  h  r cos  ; y  k  r sin  where ( h, k ) is
centre
15) 2 16) 3 17) 1 18) 3 19) 2 20) 1 21) 4
22) 1 23) 1 24) 3 25) 1 26) 3 27) 3 28) 4 27) squaring and adding
29) 4 30) 4 31) 1 32) 3 33) 1 34) 3 35) 2 28) verify
36) 3 37) 3 38) 4 39) 1 40) 2 41) 4 29) S11  0
LEVEL-I (H.W.) HINTS
30) S1  0
2 2 2
1)  x  h   y  k  r
31) S12  0
2) r  CP
32) apply formula
3) same centre
2
33) AOB  2 APB  600
4)  radius   25
Homogenious
5) 2  2a  6
34) a 2  b2 wher a = 6 and b = 7
6) centre is P.I and  r 2  154
35) find inverse point and distance
7) verify
36) S1  S11
8) GM = square root of 2 numbers
9) verify 37) C1C2  r1  r2
10) verify 38) concentric circles
11) SA = SB = SC
39) find point devides r1 : r2 internally
12) PA.PB  S11 & PC.PD  S11
40) C1 ,O,C 2 are collinear
13) 2 r 2  d 2 41) verify

NARA YANAGROUP 25