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429785301-General Physics 1 Exam 2121 2021-2022

BS Computer Engineering (AMA Computer University)

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PHYC 121 SECOND QUARTER EXAM 50/50

A 0.50-m radius automobile tire accelerates from rest at a constant 3 rad/s2. What is the
centripetal acceleration of a point on the outer edge of the tire after 6 s?
Select one:
a. 90.0 m/s2
b. 9.0 m/s2
c. 9.4 m/s2
d. 16.2 m/s2
e. 162 m/s2 CorrectCorrect
Feedback
The correct answer is: 162 m/s2
9.4 Angular Momentum and Kepler's Second Law of Planetary Motion
Consider the use of the terms "rotation" and "revolution". In physics:
Select one:
a. the words are used interchangeably but "rotation" is the preferred word.
b. the words have different meaning. CorrectCorrect
c. the words are used interchangeably.
d. "rotation" is the correct word, and "revolution" should not be used.
Feedback
The correct answer is: the words have different meaning.
A relatively new medical device that uses ultrasonics is referred to by the acronym CUSA.
What does the letter A stand for?
Select one:
a. accumulator
b. array
c. aspirator CorrectCorrect
d. audible
Feedback
The correct answer is: aspirator
An object consists of a rod (of length 3.0 m and negligible moment of inertia) to which four
small 2.0-kg masses are attached, one at each end and one at each point on the rod 1.0 m
from each end. (The masses are one meter apart.) The moment of inertia of this object
about an axis perpendicular to the rod and through one of the end masses:
Select one:
a. is 12 kg·m2.
b. cannot be uniquely determined until it is stated which inner mass the axis goes through.
c. is 28 kg·m2. CorrectCorrect
d. is 4 kg·m2.
Feedback
The correct answer is: is 28 kg·m2.
An avalanche of ice and snow of mass 1,900 kg slides a vertical distance of 170 m down a
mountainside. If the temperature of the ice, snow, mountain and surrounding air are all at
0°C, what is the change in entropy of the universe?

Select one:
a. 5,797 J/K
b. 23,190 J/K
c. 11,595 J/K CorrectCorrect
d. 1,183 J/K

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e. 3865 J/K
Feedback
The correct answer is: 11,595 J/K
Comments
A sound wave in air has a frequency of 510 Hz and a wavelength of 0.66 m. What is the air
temperature?
Select one:
a. 1°C
b. 5.3°C
c. 0°C
d. 111°C
e. 9°C CorrectCorrect
Feedback
The correct answer is: 9°C
Which of the following best describes a sound level of intensity 1 W/m2?
Select one:
a. like a whisper
b. normal conversation
c. about that of a power mower
d. extremely loud CorrectCorrect
Feedback
The correct answer is: extremely loud
13.2 Amplitude and Intensity of a Sound Wave
If the intensity of a sound is increased by a factor of 1000, how is the decibel level
changed? The new decibel level will be:
Select one:
a. three units greater.
b. ten times greater.
c. thirty times greater. CorrectCorrect
d. twenty units greater.
Feedback
The correct answer is: thirty times greater.
12.3 Examples of Waves
A 2.0-m long piano string of mass 40 g is under a tension of 338 N. Find the speed with
which a wave travels on this string.
Select one:
a. 260 m/s
b. 520 m/s
c. 1040 m/s
d. 130 m/s CorrectCorrect
Feedback
The correct answer is: 130 m/s
A rotating flywheel can be used as a method to store energy. If it has 2.0 × 106 J of kinetic
energy when rotating at 350 rad/s, and if a frictional torque of 4.0 Nm acts on the system, in
what interval of time would the flywheel come to rest?
Select one:
a. 47.6 min CorrectCorrect
b. 32.7 min
c. 2 860 min

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d. 190 min
Feedback
The correct answer is: 47.6 min
A 16 000-N car on a hydraulic lift rests on a cylinder with a piston of radius 0.10 m. If a
connecting cylinder with a piston of 0.050-m radius is driven by compressed air, what force
must be applied to this smaller piston in order to lift the car?
Select one:
a. 16 000 N
b. 4 500 N
c. 4 000 N CorrectCorrect
d. 3 900 N
e. 64 N
Feedback
The correct answer is: 4 000 N
Question text
Material 1 has Young's modulus Y1 and density ρ1, and material 2 has Young's modulus Y
2 and density ρ2. If Y1 is 30% more than Y2 and ρ1 is 30% less than ρ2, which material has
the higher speed of sound and how much higher is it?
Select one:
a. Material 1 has a speed of sound more than 35% higher than material 2. CorrectCorrect
b. Material 2 has a speed of sound more than 80% higher than material 1.
c. Material 1 has a speed of sound 30% higher than material 2.
d. Material 2 has a speed of sound 30% higher than material 1.
Feedback
The correct answer is: Material 1 has a speed of sound more than 35% higher than material
2.
14.6 Heat Conduction
Dmitri places one end of a copper rod in a heat reservoir and the other end in a heat sink.
By what factor is the rate of heat flow changed when the temperature difference between
the reservoir and sink is doubled?
Select one:
a. 1/2
b. 2.0 CorrectCorrect
c. 1/4
d. 4.0
Feedback
The correct answer is: 2.0
In an isovolumetric process by an ideal gas, the system's heat gain is equivalent to a
change in:
Select one:
a. volume.
b. internal energy. CorrectCorrect
c. temperature.
d. pressure.
Feedback
The correct answer is: internal energy.
Wave #1 has frequency f1 and wavelength λ1. Wave #2 has frequency f2 = 6 f1 and
wavelength λ2 = 2λ1. How does the speed v2 of wave #2 compare with the speed v1 of
wave #1?

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Select one:
a. v2 = v1/6
b. v2 = 1.5v1
c. v2 = 6v1
d. v2 = 12v1 CorrectCorrect
Feedback
The correct answer is: v2 = 12v1
A bucket filled with water has a mass of 23 kg and is attached to a rope, which in turn, is
wound around a 0.080-m radius cylinder at the top of a well. What torque does the weight of
water and bucket produce on the cylinder if the cylinder is not permitted to rotate? (g = 9.8
m/s2)
Select one:
a. 18 N·m CorrectCorrect
b. 225 N·m
c. 36 N·m
d. 2 N·m
e. 288 N·m
Feedback
The correct answer is: 18 N·m
Quadrupling the distance between sound source and a listener will change the intensity, as
detected by the listener, by what factor?
Select one:
a. 0.25
b. 1/16 CorrectCorrect
c. 2.0
d. 16
e. 4
Feedback
The correct answer is: 1/16
If one-fourth of the members of a symphony orchestra are absent because of head colds,
thus reducing the overall intensity of sound by 25%, what will be the reduction in the decibel
level?
Select one:
a. 15.2 dB
b. 13.9 dB
c. 14.0 dB
d. 2.9 dB
e. 1.2 dB CorrectCorrect
Feedback
The correct answer is: 1.2 dB
13.5 Reflection and Scattering of Sound
13.6 The Doppler Effect
A bat, flying at 3.00 m/s toward a wall, emits a chirp at 50.0 kHz. If the wall reflects this
sound pulse, what is the frequency of the echo received by the bat? (vsound = 340 m/s)
Select one:
a. 51.5 kHz
b. 40.8 kHz
c. 50.9 kHz CorrectCorrect
d. 51.2 kHz

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Feedback
The correct answer is: 50.9 kHz
Two identical springs, each with spring constant k, are attached in parallel to a mass, which
is then set into simple harmonic motion. What would be the spring constant of a single
spring which would result in the same frequency of oscillation as the parallel springs?
Select one:
a. k/2
b. 2k CorrectCorrect
c.
d. k
Feedback
The correct answer is: 2k
14.4 Phases of Matter and Phase Changes
A 20-kg piece of aluminum (which has a specific heat of 900 J/kg · °C) is warmed so that its
temperature increases by 5.0°C. How much heat was transferred into it?
Select one:
a. 9.0 × 104 J CorrectCorrect
b. 4.5 × 104 J
c. 2.0 × 105 J
d. 1.4 × 105 J
Feedback
The correct answer is: 9.0 × 104 J
For a wave on the ocean, the amplitude is:
Select one:
a. how far the wave goes up on the beach.
b. the distance between crests.
c. one half the height difference between a crest and a trough. CorrectCorrect
d. the height difference between a crest and a trough.
Feedback
The correct answer is: one half the height difference between a crest and a trough.
14.5 Thermal Expansion
A brass cube, 10 cm on a side, is raised in temperature by 150°C. The coefficient of volume
expansion of brass is 57 × 10−6/°C. By what percentage does volume increase?
Select one:
a. 1.1%
b. 2.8%
c. 0.86% CorrectCorrect
d. 12%
Feedback
The correct answer is: 0.86%
If two adjacent frequencies of an organ pipe closed at one end are 515 Hz and 625 Hz,
what is the length of the organ pipe? (vsound = 340 m/s)
Select one:
a. 1.2 m
b. 0.8 m
c. 3.1 m
d. 1.5 m CorrectCorrect
e. 1.0 m
Feedback

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The correct answer is: 1.5 m

120 g of liquid nitrogen at its boiling point of 77 K is stirred into a beaker containing 520 g of
15°C water. If the nitrogen leaves the solution as soon as it turns to gas, how much water
freezes? The heat of vaporization of nitrogen is 48 cal/g and that of water is 80 cal/g.
Select one:
a. 80 g
b. 40 g
c. 20 g
d. none CorrectCorrect
e. 10 g
Feedback
The correct answer is: none
As a gust of wind blows across a field of grain, a wave can be seen to move across the field
as the tops of the plants sway back and forth. This wave is a:
Select one:
a. polarized wave.
b. interference of waves.
c. transverse wave.
d. longitudinal wave. CorrectCorrect
Feedback
The correct answer is: longitudinal wave.
An earthquake emits both P-waves and S-waves that travel at different speeds through the
Earth. A P-wave travels at 8,000 m/s and an S-wave at 5,000 m/s. If P-waves are received
at a seismic station 59.9 s before an S-wave arrives, how far is the station from the
earthquake center?

Select one:
a. 400 km
b. 184 km
c. 1,597 km
d. 1,797 km
e. 799 km CorrectCorrect
Feedback
The correct answer is: 799 km
A tetherball is attached to a pole with a 2.0-m rope. It is circling at 0.20 rev/s. As the rope
wraps around the pole, it shortens. How long is the rope when the ball is moving at 6.0 m/s?
Select one:
a. 1.2 m
b. 1.0 m
c. 0.83 m CorrectCorrect
d. 1.8 m
Feedback
The correct answer is: 0.83 m
A tuning fork is sounded above a resonating tube (one end closed), which resonates at a
length of 0.2 m and again at 1 m. What is the frequency of the fork when the speed of
sound is taken to be 340 m/s?
Select one:
a. 425 Hz
b. 283 Hz CorrectCorrect

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c. 340 Hz
d. 408 Hz
e. 1,700 Hz
Feedback
The correct answer is: 283 Hz
A container is filled with water and the pressure at the container bottom is P. If the container
is instead filled with oil having specific gravity 0.80, what new bottom pressure results?
Select one:
a. the same pressure P
b. a pressure > P
c. This is unable to be determined with the information given.
d. a pressure < P CorrectCorrect
Feedback
The correct answer is: a pressure < P
A hoop with mass, M, and radius, R, rolls along a level surface without slipping with a linear
speed, v. What is the ratio of rotational to linear kinetic energy? (For a hoop, I = MR2.)
Select one:
a. 1/4
b. 1/2
c. 1/1 CorrectCorrect
d. 2/5
Feedback
The correct answer is: 1/1
A large stone is resting on the bottom of the swimming pool. The normal force of the bottom
of the pool on the stone is equal to the:
Select one:
a. difference between the weight of the stone and the weight of the displaced water.
CorrectCorrect
b. weight of the stone.
c. weight of the water displaced.
d. sum of the weight of the stone and the weight of the displaced water.
Feedback
The correct answer is: difference between the weight of the stone and the weight of the
displaced water.
A turntable has a moment of inertia of 3.00 × 10−2 kg·m2 and spins freely on a frictionless
bearing at 25.0 rev/min. A 0.600-kg ball of putty is dropped vertically onto the turntable and
sticks at a point 0.100 m from the center. What is the new rate of rotation of the system?
Select one:
a. 22.7 rev/min
b. 33.3 rev/min
c. 20.8 rev/min CorrectCorrect
d. 27.2 rev/min
Feedback
The correct answer is: 20.8 rev/min
A 2-m long piano string of mass 10 g is under a tension of 322 N. Find the speed with which
a wave travels on this string.

Select one:
a. 359 m/s

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b. 508 m/s
c. 80 m/s
d. 254 m/s CorrectCorrect
e. 127 m/s
Feedback
The correct answer is: 254 m/s
A 45-g cube of ice, initially at 0.0°C, is dropped into 220 g of water in an 80-g aluminum
container, both initially at 25°C. What is the final equilibrium temperature? (Specific heat for
aluminum is 900 J/kg⋅°C, the specific heat of water is 4 186 J/kg⋅°C, and Lf = 3.33 × 105
J/kg.)

Select one:
a. 16.6°C
b. 4.15°C
c. 8.3°C CorrectCorrect
d. 12.45°C
e. 14.5°C
Feedback
The correct answer is: 8.3°C
An 80-kg man is one fourth of the way up a 10-m ladder that is resting against a smooth,
frictionless wall. If the ladder has a mass of 30 kg and it makes an angle of 60° with the
ground, find the force of friction of the ground on the foot of the ladder.
Select one:
a. 2.0 × 102 N CorrectCorrect
b. 1.7 × 102 N
c. 50 N
d. 7.8 × 102 N
Feedback
The correct answer is: 2.0 × 102 N
A windowpane is half a centimeter thick and has an area of 0.7 m2. The temperature
difference between the inside and outside surfaces of the pane is 15 °C. What is the rate of
heat flow through this window? (Thermal conductivity for glass is 0.84 J/s⋅m⋅°C.)

Select one:
a. 1,400 J/s
b. 1,800 J/s CorrectCorrect
c. 2,100 J/s
d. 1,180 J/s
e. 3,600 J/s
Feedback
The correct answer is: 1,800 J/s
A bucket of water with total mass 22 kg is attached to a rope, which in turn is wound around
a 0.04-m radius cylinder at the top of a well. The bucket is raised to the top of the well and
released. The bucket is moving with a speed of 7.0 m/s upon hitting the water surface in the
well. What is the angular speed of the cylinder at this instant?
Select one:
a. 62 rad/s
b. 494 rad/s

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c. 44 rad/s
d. 138 rad/s
e. 175 rad/s CorrectCorrect
Feedback
The correct answer is: 175 rad/s
A baseball pitcher loosens up his pitching arm. He tosses a 0.15-kg ball using only the
rotation of his forearm, 0.26 m in length, to accelerate the ball. If the ball starts at rest and is
released with a speed of 23 m/s in a time of 0.4 s, what torque is applied to the ball while
being held by the pitcher's hand to produce the angular acceleration?
Select one:
a. 22.4 N·m
b. 33.2 N·m
c. 3.3 N·m
d. 2.2 N·m CorrectCorrect
e. 221.2 N·m
Feedback
The correct answer is: 2.2 N·m
A ventilation fan with a moment of inertia of 0.034 kg·m2 has a net torque of 0.11 Nm
applied to it. If it starts from rest, what kinetic energy will it have 8.0 s later?
Select one:
a. 22.8 J
b. 25.9 J
c. 1.09 J
d. 11.4 J CorrectCorrect
Feedback
The correct answer is: 11.4 J
14.4 Phases of Matter and Phase Changes
If a 2100-kg car was moving at 30 m/s, what would be its kinetic energy expressed in the
unusual (for kinetic energy) units of calories? (1 cal = 4.186 J)
Select one:
a. 2.3 × 105 CorrectCorrect
b. 3.8 × 106
c. 3.0 × 104
d. 1.1 × 105
Feedback
The correct answer is: 2.3 × 105
The kinetic energy of the bob on a simple pendulum swinging in simple harmonic motion
has its maximum value when the displacement from equilibrium is at what point in its
swing?
Select one:
a. equal the amplitude
b. zero displacement CorrectCorrect
c. 1/4 the amplitude
d. 1/2 the amplitude
Feedback
The correct answer is: zero displacement
11.3 Harmonic Motion and Energy
To double the total energy of a simple harmonic oscillator, by what factor should the
amplitude change?

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Select one:
a. 4
b. 2
c. CorrectCorrect
d.
Feedback
The correct answer is:
Quintupling the power output from a speaker emitting a single frequency will result in what
increase in loudness?
Select one:
a. 1 dB
b. 6 dB
c. 2 dB
d. 16.1 dB
e. 7.0 dB CorrectCorrect
Feedback
The correct answer is: 7.0 dB
I take 1.1 kg of ice and dump it into 1.0 kg of water and, when equilibrium is reached, I have
2.1 kg of ice at 0°C. The water was originally at 0°C. The specific heat of water = 1.00
kcal/kg⋅°C, the specific heat of ice = 0.50 kcal/kg⋅°C, and the latent heat of fusion of water is
80 kcal/kg. The original temperature of the ice was:
Select one:
a. -145°C. CorrectCorrect
b. The whole experiment is impossible.
c. 145°C.
d. one or two degrees below 0°C.
e. -73°C.
Feedback
The correct answer is: -145°C.
A solid sphere of mass 2.5 kg and radius 0.12 m starts from rest at the top of a ramp
inclined 15° and rolls to the bottom. The upper end of the ramp is 1.0 m higher than the
lower end. What is the linear speed of the sphere when it reaches the bottom of the ramp?
(Note: I = 0.4MR2 for a solid sphere, and g = 9.8 m/s2.)
Select one:
a. 3.7 m/s CorrectCorrect
b. 14.0 m/s
c. 4.4 m/s
d. 2.6 m/s
Feedback
The correct answer is: 3.7 m/s
A bucket of water with total mass 28 kg is attached to a rope, which in turn is wound around
a 0.04 m radius cylinder at the top of a well. A crank with a turning radius of 0.20 m is
attached to the end of the cylinder and the moment of inertia of cylinder and crank is 0.11
kg×m2. If the bucket is raised to the top of the well and released, what is the acceleration of
the bucket as it falls toward the bottom of the well? (Assume rope's mass is negligible, that
cylinder turns on frictionless bearings and that g = 9.8 m/s2.)
Select one:
a. 7.8 m/s2

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b. 2.0 m/s2
c. 2.8 m/s2 CorrectCorrect
d. 7.0 m/s2
e. 9.8 m/s2
Feedback
The correct answer is: 2.8 m/s
14.5 Thermal Expansion
A steel wire, 100 m long at 10°C, has a coefficient of linear expansion of 11 × 10−6/°C. Give
its change in length as the temperature changes from 10°C to 45°C.
Select one:
a. 12 cm
b. 5.8 cm
c. 3.8 cm CorrectCorrect
d. 0.65 cm
Feedback
The correct answer is: 3.8 cm
The air in a pipe resonates at 110 Hz and 330 Hz, one of these resonances being the
fundamental. If the pipe is open at both ends, how many resonances are between the two
given ones, and if the pipe is closed at one end, how many resonances are between the two
given ones?
Select one:
a. open: 1; closed: 0 CorrectCorrect
b. open: 3; closed: 0
c. open: 2; closed: 0
d. open: 0; closed: 2
e. open: 0; closed: 1
Feedback
The correct answer is: open: 1; closed: 0
11.3 Harmonic Motion and Energy
A mass of 0.40 kg, hanging from a spring with a spring constant of 160 N/m, is set into an
up-and-down simple harmonic motion. What is the speed of the mass when moving through
a point at 0.05 m displacement? The starting displacement of the mass is 0.10 m from its
equilibrium position.
Select one:
a. 1.7 m/s CorrectCorrect
b. zero
c. 1.4 m/s
d. 1.2 m/s
Feedback
The correct answer is: 1.7 m/s
When an object is moving in simple harmonic motion, which of the following is at a minimum when the
displacement from equilibrium is zero?

ANSWER: The magnitude of the acceleration

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Quadrupling the distance between sound source and a listener will change the intensity, as detected by the
listener, by what factor?

ANSWER: 1/16

The position of a 0.66-kg mass undergoing simple harmonic motion is given by x = (0.160 m) cos (πt/16).
What is its position at t = 6.6 s?

ANSWER: 0.043

An earthquake emits both P-waves and S-waves that travel at different speeds through the Earth. A P-
wave travels at 8,000 m/s and an S-wave at 5,000 m/s. If P-waves are received at a seismic station 59.9 s
before an S-wave arrives, how far is the station from the earthquake center?

ANSWER: 799KM

In an isovolumetric process by an ideal gas, the system's heat gain is equivalent to a change in:

ANSWER: internal energy

Arrange the temperatures 40 ºF, 40 ºC, and 40 K from highest to lowest.

ANSWER: 40 ºC, 40 ºF, 40 K

A uniform, horizontal beam of length 6.0 m and weight 94 N is attached at one end to a wall by a pin
connection (so that it may rotate). A cable attached to the wall above the pin supports the opposite end.
The cable makes an angle of 60° with the horizontal. What is the tension in the cable needed to maintain
the beam in equilibrium?

ANSWER: 54.3 N

The tungsten filament of a light bulb has an operating temperature of about 2,070 K. If the emitting area
of the filament is 0.9 cm2, and its emissivity is 0.68, what is the power output of the light bulb? (σ =
5.67 × 10−8 W/m2⋅K4)

ANSWER: 64 W

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A buzzer with frequency f0 is thrown straight upwards. On the buzzer's trip down, what is the frequency
behavior heard by an observer below?

ANSWER: The frequency is an increasing one greater than f0.

A ventilation fan with a moment of inertia of 0.034 kg·m2 has a net torque of 0.11 N m applied to it.
If it starts from rest, what kinetic energy will it have 8.0 s later?

ANSWER: 11.4 J

A bucket of water with total mass 28 kg is attached to a rope, which in turn is wound around a 0.04 m
radius cylinder at the top of a well. A crank with a turning radius of 0.20 m is attached to the end of the
cylinder and the moment of inertia of cylinder and crank is 0.11 kg×m2. If the bucket is raised to the top
of the well and released, what is the acceleration of the bucket as it falls toward the bottom of the well?
(Assume rope's mass is negligible, that cylinder turns on frictionless bearings and that g = 9.8 m/s2.)

ANSWER: 2.8 m/s2

A solid object is made of two materials, one material having density of 2 000 kg/m3 and the other having
density of 5 000 kg/m3. If the object contains equal volumes of the materials, what is its average density?

ANSWER: 3 500 kg/m3

I take 1.1 kg of ice and dump it into 1.0 kg of water and, when equilibrium is reached, I have 2.1 kg of ice
at 0°C. The water was originally at 0°C. The specific heat of water = 1.00 kcal/kg⋅°C, the specific heat of
ice = 0.50 kcal/kg⋅°C, and the latent heat of fusion of water is 80 kcal/kg. The original temperature of the
ice was:

ANSWER: -145°C.

Two identical springs, each with spring constant k, are attached in parallel to a mass, which is then set
into simple harmonic motion. What would be the spring constant of a single spring which would result in
the same frequency of oscillation as the parallel springs?

ANSWER: 2K

A hoop with mass, M, and radius, R, rolls along a level surface without slipping with a linear speed, v.
What is the ratio of rotational to linear kinetic energy? (For a hoop, I = MR2.)

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ANSWER:1/1

A wave on a string has a wavelength of 0.90 m at a frequency of 600 Hz. If a new wave at a frequency of
300 Hz is established in this same string under the same tension, what is the new wavelength?

ANSWER: 1.8m

A bat, flying at 3.00 m/s toward a wall, emits a chirp at 50.0 kHz. If the wall reflects this sound pulse,
what is the frequency of the echo received by the bat? (vsound = 340 m/s)

ANSWER: 50.9 kHz

A tetherball is attached to a pole with a 2.0-m rope. It is circling at 0.20 rev/s. As the rope wraps around
the pole, it shortens. How long is the rope when the ball is moving at 6.0 m/s?

ANSWER: 0,83 m

A relatively new medical device that uses ultrasonics is referred to by the acronym CUSA. What does the
letter A stand for?

ANSWER: aspirator

If the distance between a point sound source and a dB detector is increased by a factor of 5, what will be
the reduction in intensity level?

ANSWER: 14dB

A 45-g cube of ice, initially at 0.0°C, is dropped into 220 g of water in an 80-g aluminum container, both
initially at 25°C. What is the final equilibrium temperature? (Specific heat for aluminum is 900 J/kg⋅°C,
the specific heat of water is 4 186 J/kg⋅°C, and Lf = 3.33 × 105 J/kg.)

ANSWER: 8.3°C

If one-fourth of the members of a symphony orchestra are absent because of head colds, thus reducing the
overall intensity of sound by 25%, what will be the reduction in the decibel level?

ANSWER:1,2dB

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A solar heating system has a 25.0% conversion efficiency; the solar radiation incident on the panels is
1000 W/m2. What is the increase in temperature of 40.0-kg of water in a 1.00-h period by a 4.00 m2 area
collector? (cw = 4186 J/kg · °C)

ANSWER: 21.5°C

A hot (70°C) lump of metal has a mass of 250 g and a specific heat of 0.25 cal/g· °C. John drops the metal
into a 500-g calorimeter containing 40 g of water at 20°C. The calorimeter is constructed of a material
that has a specific heat of 0.10 cal/ g·°C. When equilibrium is reached, what will be the final temperature?
(cwater = 1.00 cal/g·°C.)

ANSWER: 40°C

Dmitri places one end of a copper rod in a heat reservoir and the other end in a heat sink. By what factor
is the rate of heat flow changed when the temperature difference between the reservoir and sink is
doubled?

ANSWER: 2.0

When heating 2 kg of ice from -40°C, 2 kg of water from 20°C to 50°C, and 2 kg of steam from 100°C to
125°C, which requires the most energy?

ANSWER: the water

An ice cube with a small solid steel sphere frozen inside floats in a glass of water filled to the brim. What
happens to the level of water in the glass as a result of the ice melting?

ANSWER: It goes down

The Sun is a slightly variable star. What if the surface temperature of the Sun were to increase from 6000
K to 6100 K, what would be the increase in total power radiated assuming no other changes such as radius
or emissivity?

ANSWER: 6.8%

A source of sound has an intensity I1 and when its sound level is measured at a fixed distance the value
found is 70 dB. The source then has its intensity increased to I2 and when its sound level is measured at
the same distance the value found is 96 dB. What is the ratio I2/I1?

ANSWER: 400

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1.9 kilogram of water at 1.00 atm at the boiling point of 100°C is heated until all the water vaporizes.
What is its change in entropy? (For water, Lv = 2.26 × 106 J/kg)

ANSWER: 11,512 J/K

Wave #1 has frequency f1 and wavelength λ1. Wave #2 has frequency f2 = 6 f1 and wavelength λ2 = 2λ1.
How does the speed v2 of wave #2 compare with the speed v1 of wave #1?

ANSWER: v2 = 12v1

A solid sphere of mass 2.5 kg and radius 0.12 m starts from rest at the top of a ramp inclined 15° and rolls
to the bottom. The upper end of the ramp is 1.0 m higher than the lower end. What is the linear speed of
the sphere when it reaches the bottom of the ramp? (Note: I = 0.4MR2 for a solid sphere, and g = 9.8 m/s2.)

ANSWER: 3.7 m/s

An 80-kg man is one fourth of the way up a 10-m ladder that is resting against a smooth, frictionless wall.
If the ladder has a mass of 30 kg and it makes an angle of 60° with the ground, find the force of friction of
the ground on the foot of the ladder.

ANSWER: 2.0 × 102 N

The quantity "strain" expressed in terms of the fundamental quantities (mass, length, time) is equivalent
to:

ANSWER: a dimensionless quantity.

If a 2100-kg car was moving at 30 m/s, what would be its kinetic energy expressed in the unusual (for
kinetic energy) units of calories? (1 cal = 4.186 J)

ANSWER: 2.3 × 105

XA cylinder containing an ideal gas has a volume of 2.1 m3 and a pressure of 1.6 × 105 Pa at a
temperature of 300 K. The cylinder is placed against a metal block that is maintained at 900 K and the gas
expands as the pressure remains constant until the temperature of the gas reaches 900 K. The change in
internal energy of the gas is +6.2 × 105 J. How much heat did the gas absorb?

ANSWER: 12.9 × 105 J

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A 8.4-kg mass is placed at (3.0, 4.0) m. Where can a 4.2-kg mass be placed so that the moment of inertia
about the z axis is zero?

ANSWER: There is no position giving this result

If a guitar string has a fundamental frequency of 250 Hz, what is the frequency of its third harmonic?

ANSWER: 750 Hz

An inventor develops a stationary cycling device by which an individual, while pedaling, can convert all
of the energy expended into heat for warming water. What minimum power must be generated if 300 g of
water (enough for 1 cup of coffee) is to be heated in 10 min from 30°C to 90°C? (1 cal = 4.186 J, the
specific heat of water is 4 186 J/kg · °C)

ANSWER: 130 W

A heat engine receives 6,000 J of heat from its combustion process and loses 3,600 J through the exhaust
and friction. What is its efficiency?

ANSWER: 40%

If a heat engine has an efficiency of 10% and its power output is 570 W, what is the rate of heat input
from the combustion phase?

ANSWER: 5,700 W

A Ferris wheel, rotating initially at an angular speed of 0.16 rad/s, accelerates over a 8.0-s interval at a
rate of 0.040 rad/s2. What is its angular speed after this 8.0-s interval?

ANSWER: 0.48 rad/s

Which of the following best describes a sound level of intensity 1 W/m2?

ANSWER: Extremely loud

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Think of Bernoulli's equation as it pertains to an ideal fluid flowing through a horizontal pipe. Imagine
that you take measurements along the pipe in the direction of fluid flow. What happens to the sum of the
pressure and energy per unit volume?

ANSWER: It remains constant as the pipe diameter increases.

What sound level change most nearly corresponds to a factor of three change in intensity?

ANSWER: 5db

You stand by the railroad tracks as a train passes by. You hear a 1,060-Hz frequency when the train
approaches, which changes to 720 Hz as it goes away. How fast is the train moving? The speed of sound
in air is 340 m/s.

ANSWER: 64.9 m/s

The Earth's density increases with depth. If instead the Earth had uniform density, but the same angular
velocity and mass, how would its rotational kinetic energy compare to the actual value?

ANSWER: it would be greater than the actual value.

Two hoops or rings (I = MR2) are centered, lying on a turntable. The smaller ring has radius = 0.050 m;
the larger has radius = 0.10 m. Both have a mass of 6.0 kg. What is the total moment of inertia as the
turntable spins? Ignore the mass of the turntable.

ANSWER: 0.075 kg·m2

A fan blade, initially at rest, rotates with a constant acceleration of 0.025 rad/s2. What is its angular speed
at the instant it goes through an angular displacement of 10 rad?

ANSWER: 0.71 rad/s

The wave-related quantity algebraically equivalent to 1/f is:

ANSWER: T

A piece of aluminum has density 2.70 g/cm3 and mass 778 g. The aluminum is submerged in a container
of oil of density 0.650 g/cm3. A spring balance is attached with string to the piece of aluminum. What
reading will the balance register in grams (g) for the submerged metal?

ANSWER: 591 g

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I stretch a rubber band and "plunk" it to make it vibrate in its fundamental frequency. I then stretch it to
five times its length and make it vibrate in the fundamental frequency once again. The rubber band is
made so that quintupling its length quintuples the tension and reduces the mass per unit length by a factor
of 5. The new frequency will be related to the old by a factor of:

ANSWER: 1.

Sea breezes that occur near the shore are attributed to a difference between land and water with respect to
what property?

ANSWER: SPECIFIC HEAT

For a standing wave in an air column in a pipe that is open at both ends, there must be at least:

ANSWER: two antinodes and one node.

For a wave on the ocean, the amplitude is:

ANSWER: one half the height difference between a crest and a trough

Dmitri places one end of a copper rod in a heat reservoir and the other end in a heat sink. By what factor
is the rate of heat flow changed when the temperature difference between the reservoir and sink is tripled?

ANSWER: 3.0

The Doppler shift of ultrasonic waves can measure the speed of blood in an artery. If the frequency of the
stationary source is 100 kHz and the reflected sound has a Doppler shift of 300 Hz, what is the blood flow
speed? (The speed of sound inside the body is 1500 m/s.)

ANSWER: 2.2 m/s

Suppose the ends of a 20-m long steel beam are rigidly clamped at 0°C to prevent expansion. The rail has
a cross-sectional area of 15 cm2. What force does the beam exert when it is heated to 40°C? (αsteel =
1.1 × 10−5/C°, Ysteel = 2.0 × 1011 N/m2)

ANSWER: 1.3 × 105 N

If the intensity of a sound is increased by a factor of 1000, how is the decibel level changed? The new
decibel level will be:

ANSWER: thirty times greater.

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The air in a pipe resonates at 110 Hz and 330 Hz, one of these resonances being the fundamental. If the
pipe is open at both ends, how many resonances are between the two given ones, and if the pipe is closed
at one end, how many resonances are between the two given ones?

ANSWER: open: 1; closed: 0

A container is filled with water and the pressure at the container bottom is P.

ANSWER: a pressure < P

A bucket of water with total mass 28 kg is attached to a rope, which in turn is wound around a 0.04 m
radius cylinder at the top of a well. A crank with a turning radius of 0.20 m is attached to the end of the
cylinder and the moment of inertia of cylinder and crank is 0.11 kg×m2. If the bucket is raised to the top
of the well and released, what is the acceleration of the bucket as it falls toward the bottom of the well?
(Assume rope's mass is negligible, that cylinder turns on frictionless bearings and that g = 9.8 m/s2.)

ANSWER: 2.8 m/s 2

A grindstone spinning at the rate of 20 rev/s has what approximate angular speed?
: -> 126 rad/s

Two water waves meet at the same point, one having a displacement above equilibrium of 60 cm and the
other having a displacement above equilibrium of 40 cm. At this moment, what is the resulting
displacement above equilibrium?

ANSWER: 100CM

Arrange the following units, Calorie, calorie, and Joule from smallest to
largest.
ANSWER: Joule, calorie, Calorie

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A mass of 0.40 kg, hanging from a spring with a spring constant of 160 N/m, is set into an up-
and-down simple harmonic motion. What is the speed of the mass when moving through a point
at 0.05 m displacement? The starting displacement of the mass is 0.10 m from its equilibrium
position.
ANSWER: 1,7 m/s

A standing wave is set up in a 100-cm string fixed at both ends. The string vibrates in 5 distinct
segments when driven by a 120-Hz source. What is the wavelength?

ANSWER: 40 cm

A bucket of water with total mass 22 kg is attached to a rope, which in turn is wound around a 0.04-m
radius cylinder at the top of a well. The bucket is raised to the top of the well and released. The bucket is
moving with a speed of 7.0 m/s upon hitting the water surface in the well. What is the angular speed of
the cylinder at this instant?

ANSWER: 175 rad/s

Material 1 has Young's modulus Y1 and density ρ1, and material 2 has Young's modulus Y2 and density ρ2.
If Y1 is 30% more than Y2 and ρ1 is 30% less than ρ2, which material has the higher speed of sound and
how much higher is it?

ANSWER: Material 1 has a speed of sound more than 35% higher than material 2.

If a nonzero torque is applied to an object, that object will experience:

ANSWER: an angular acceleration.

Area on a P-V diagram has units associated with:

ANSWER: energy.
A 5-m-long organ pipe is open at one end and closed at the other. Its fundamental tone has wavelength:

ANSWER: 20 m

An earthquake emits both P-waves and S-waves that travel at different speeds through the Earth. A P-
wave travels at 8,000 m/s and an S-wave at 5,000 m/s. If P-waves are received at a seismic station 59.9 s
before an S-wave arrives, how far is the station from the earthquake center?

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ANSWER: 799 km

How far away is a lightning strike if you hear the thunderclap 2.00 s after you see the lightning bolt
strike? (vsound = 340 m/s, vlight = 3 × 108 m/s)

ANSWER: 680 m

A tuning fork is sounded above an adjustable length resonating tube (one end closed), which resonates at
a length of 0.250 m and again at 0.750 m. If the tube length were extended further, at what point will the
tuning fork again create a resonance condition?

ANSWER: 1.25 m

A 3.0-kg mass is placed at (3.0, 4.0) m, and a 6.0-kg mass is placed at (3.0, −4.0) m. What is the moment
of inertia of this system of masses about the x axis?

ANSWER: 144 kg·m2

A string with fixed ends is made to go into standing wave patterns. At a given tension, the lowest
frequency for which such a pattern exists is 150 Hz. Which of the following frequencies would also cause
a standing wave pattern in this case?

ANSWER: 750 Hz

A tuning fork is sounded above a resonating tube (one end closed), which resonates at a length of 0.2 m
and again at 1 m. What is the frequency of the fork when the speed of sound is taken to be 340 m/s?

ANSWER: 283 Hz

Two identical springs, each with spring constant k, are attached in parallel to a mass, which is then set
into simple harmonic motion. What would be the spring constant of a single spring which would result in
the same frequency of oscillation as the parallel springs?

ANSWER: 2k

The lower A on a piano has a frequency of 29.5 Hz. If the tension in the 4-m-long string is 301 N and
one-half wavelength occupies the string, what is the mass of the string?

ANSWER: 22 g

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A wave on a string has a wavelength of 0.90 m at a frequency of 600 Hz. If a new wave at a frequency of
300 Hz is established in this same string under the same tension, what is the new wavelength?

ANSWER: 1.8 m

An object consists of a rod (of length 3.0 m and negligible moment of inertia) to which four small 2.0-kg
masses are attached, one at each end and one at each point on the rod 1.0 m from each end. (The masses
are one meter apart.) The moment of inertia of this object about an axis perpendicular to the rod and
through one of the end masses:

ANSWER: 28 kg ·m2.

A 0.200-kg object is swung in a circular path and in a vertical plane on a 0.500-m length string. If the
angular speed at the bottom is 8.00 rad/s, what is the tension in the string when the object is at the bottom
of the circle?

ANSWER: 8.36 N

A baseball pitcher loosens up his pitching arm. He tosses a 0.15-kg ball using only the rotation of his
forearm, 0.26 m in length, to accelerate the ball. If the ball starts at rest and is released with a speed of 23
m/s in a time of 0.4 s, what torque is applied to the ball while being held by the pitcher's hand to produce
the angular acceleration?

ANSWER: 2.2 N. m

A sound wave in air has a frequency of 510 Hz and a wavelength of 0.66 m. What is the air temperature?

ANSWER: 9°C

An object with mass m and moment of inertia I is spinning with an angular momentum L. Its kinetic
energy is:

ANSWER: 0.5L2/I.

The kinetic energy of the bob on a simple pendulum swinging in simple harmonic motion has its
maximum value when the displacement from equilibrium is at what point in its swing?

ANSWER: zero displacement

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In an isovolumetric process by an ideal gas, the system's heat gain is equivalent to a change in:

ANSWER: internal energy

The Sun is a slightly variable star. What if the surface temperature of the Sun were to increase from 6000
K to 6100 K, what would be the increase in total power radiated assuming no other changes such as radius
or emissivity?

ANSWER: 6.8%

A closed 2.0-L container holds 3.0 mol of an ideal gas. If 110 J of heat is added, what is the change in
internal energy of the system?

ANSWER: 110 J

Which type of heating causes sunburn?

ANSWER: radiation

A block of wood has specific gravity 0.70. When placed in water, what percent of the volume of the wood
is above the surface?

ANSWER: 30%

A very loud train whistle has an acoustic power output of 80 W. If the sound energy spreads out
spherically, what is the intensity level in dB at a distance of 100 meters from the train? (I0 = 10−12 W/m2)

ANSWER: 88,0db

An ideal fluid, of density 0.90 × 103 kg/m3, flows at 5.0 m/s through a level pipe with radius of 0.5 cm.
The pressure in the fluid is 1.3 × 105 N/m2. This pipe connects to a second level pipe, with radius of
1.6 cm. Find the speed of flow in the second pipe.

ANSWER: 0.49 m/s

A simple pendulum has a mass of 0.27 kg and a length of 1.5 m. It is displaced through an angle of
40° and then released. After a time, the maximum angle of swing is only 14°. How much energy has been
lost to friction?

ANSWER: 0.8` J

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A pendulum on the Earth has a period T. The acceleration due to gravity on Mars is less than that on the
Earth, and the acceleration due to gravity on the Moon is even less. Where would the period of an
identical pendulum be the least?

ANSWER: on the earth

120 g of liquid nitrogen at its boiling point of 77 K is stirred into a beaker containing 520 g of 15°C
water. If the nitrogen leaves the solution as soon as it turns to gas, how much water freezes? The heat of
vaporization of nitrogen is 48 cal/g and that of water is 80 cal/g.

ANSWER: NONE

A 4.0-kg mass is placed at (2.0, 3.0) m, and a 7.0-kg mass is placed at (2.0, −3.0) m. What is the moment
of inertia of this system of masses about the y axis?

ANSWER: 44 kg·m2

A bucket of water with total mass 21.0 kg is attached to a rope, which in turn is wound around a 0.050-m
radius cylinder, with crank, at the top of a well. The moment of inertia of the cylinder and crank is 0.21

kg m2. The bucket is raised to the top of the well and released to fall back into the well. What is the
kinetic energy of the cylinder and crank at the instant the bucket is moving with a speed of 5.0 m/s?

ANSWER: 1 050 J

Of the following heat engines, which has the highest efficiency?

ANSWER: a Carnot engine

A 2.0-mol ideal gas system is maintained at a constant volume of 4.0 L. If 110 J of heat is added, what is
the work done on the system?

ANSWER: zero

The maximum theoretical thermodynamic efficiency of a heat engine operating between hot and cold
reservoirs is a function of which of the following?

ANSWER: both hot and cold reservoir temperatures

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A brass cube, 10 cm on a side, is raised in temperature by 150°C. The coefficient of volume expansion of
brass is 57 × 10−6/°C. By what percentage does volume increase?

ANSWER: 0,86%

A mass on a spring vibrates in simple harmonic motion at a frequency of 4.5 Hz and an amplitude of 8.6
cm. If the mass of the object is 0.3 kg, what is the spring constant?

ANSWER: 240 N/m

A baseball pitcher loosens up his pitching arm. He tosses a 0.15-kg ball using only the rotation of his
forearm, 0.26 m in length, to accelerate the ball. If the ball starts at rest and is released with a speed of 23
m/s in a time of 0.4 s, what torque is applied to the ball while being held by the pitcher's hand to produce
the angular acceleration?

ANSWER: 2.2 N·m

Which of the first units given below can be units for angular acceleration while the second units can be
units for angular velocity?

ANSWER: rad/s2, deg/hour

A uniform bridge span weighs 80.0 × 103 N and is 40.0 m long. An automobile weighing 12.0 × 103 N is
parked with its center of gravity located 12.0 m from the right pier. What upward support force does the
right pier provide?

ANSWER: 48.4 × 103 N

Water comes down the spillway of a dam from an initial vertical height of 170 m. What is the highest
possible speed of the water at the end of the spillway?

ANSWER: 58 m/s

During an isobaric process which one of the following does not change?

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Answer: pressure

A mass of 0.4 kg, attached to a spring with a spring constant of 60 N/m, is set into simple harmonic
motion. What is the magnitude of the acceleration of the mass when at its maximum displacement of 0.2
m from the equilibrium position?

ANSWER: 30 m/s

A 0.40-m radius automobile tire accelerates from rest at a constant 2.0 rad/s2. What is the centripetal
acceleration of a point on the outer edge of the tire after 5.0 s?

ANSWER: 40 m/s2

Double both the tension in a guitar string and its mass per unit length will result in changing the wave
speed in the string by what factor?

ANSWER: 1.00 (i.e., no change)

A 0.3-kg object is attached to a spring with spring constant k = 10 N/m and moves with simple harmonic
motion over a horizontal frictionless surface. At the instant that it is displaced from equilibrium by −0.058
m, what is its acceleration?

ANSWER: 1.9 m/s2

Two vibrating tuning forks, held side by side, will create a beat frequency of what value if the individual
frequencies of the two forks are 324 Hz and 308 Hz, respectively?

ANSWER: 16 Hz

An avalanche of ice and snow of mass 1,900 kg slides a vertical distance of 170 m down a mountainside.
If the temperature of the ice, snow, mountain and surrounding air are all at 0°C, what is the change in
entropy of the universe?

ANSWER: 11,595 J/K

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A disk has a moment of inertia of 2.8 × 10−4 kg·m2 and rotates with an angular speed of 3.3 rad/sec. What
net torque must be applied to bring it to rest within 3.9 s?

ANSWER: 2.4 × 10−4 N·m

What is the total force on the bottom of a 2.0-m-diameter by 2.0-m-deep round wading pool due to the
weight of the air and the weight of the water? (Note the pressure contribution from the atmosphere is
1.0 × 105 N/m2, the density of water is 1 000 kg/m3, and g = 9.8 m/s2.)

ANSWER: 3.8 × 105 N

Tasha has mass 20 kg and wants to use a 4.0-m board of mass 12 kg as a seesaw. Her friends are busy, so
Tasha seesaws by herself by putting the support at the system's center of gravity when she sits on one end
of the board. How far is she from the support point?

ANSWER: 0.33 m

At high noon, the Sun delivers 900 W to each square meter of a blacktop road. What is the equilibrium
temperature of the asphalt, assuming its emissivity e = 1? (σ = 5.67 × 10−8 W/m2×K4) .

ANSWER: 82°C

It takes 3.0 minutes to fill a gas tank with 40 liters of gasoline. If the pump nozzle is 2.0 cm in radius,
what is the average speed of the gasoline as it leaves the nozzle? (1 000 liters = one cubic meter)

ANSWER: 0.2 m/s

A windowpane is half a centimeter thick and has an area of 0.7 m2. The temperature difference between
the inside and outside surfaces of the pane is 15 °C. What is the rate of heat flow through this window?
(Thermal conductivity for glass is 0.84 J/s⋅m⋅°C.)

ANSWER: 1,800 J/s

A baseball pitcher, loosening up his arm before a game, tosses a 0.15-kg ball using only the rotation of his
forearm, 0.32 m in length, to accelerate the ball. If the ball starts at rest and is released with a speed of 24
m/s in a time of 0.40 s, what is the average angular acceleration of the arm and ball?

ANSWER: 190 rad/s2

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A bucket of water with total mass 21.0 kg is attached to a rope, which in turn is wound around a 0.050-m
radius cylinder, with crank, at the top of a well. The moment of inertia of the cylinder and crank is
0.21kgm2. The bucket is raised to the top of the well and released to fall back into the well. What is the
kinetic energy of the cylinder and crank at the instant the bucket is moving with a speed of 5.0 m/s?

ANSWER: 1 050 J

A uniform rod of length L and mass M is pivoted about one end. Attached to the rod is a mass M at its
midpoint and at the end opposite the pivot is another mass M. What is the moment of inertia of this
configuration about the pivot?

ANSWER: 19ML

If it takes 7 N to stretch a spring 6 cm and if the spring is then cut in half, what force does it take to
stretch one of the halves 3 cm?
ANSWER: 7 N

A majorette takes two batons and fastens them together in the middle at right angles to make an "x"
shape. Each baton was 0.70 m long and each ball on the end is 0.10 kg. (Ignore the mass of the rods.)
What is the moment of inertia if the arrangement is spun around an axis through the center perpendicular
to both rods?

ANSWER: 0.049 kg·m2

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