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Example 11 Chapter 2 Sketching Quadratics PDF

This document provides guidance on sketching quadratic graphs. It explains that the graph of y=ax^2+bx+c is a parabola shaped curve. It describes how to find the x and y-intercepts by setting x=0 and y=0. Turning points occur when the gradient is 0 and can be found using the maximum/minimum point of the completed square form. Two examples are given to demonstrate how to sketch graphs of quadratics by finding intercepts and turning points. Practice questions are provided to reinforce the skills.

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Tanaka Hlupo
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78 views5 pages

Example 11 Chapter 2 Sketching Quadratics PDF

This document provides guidance on sketching quadratic graphs. It explains that the graph of y=ax^2+bx+c is a parabola shaped curve. It describes how to find the x and y-intercepts by setting x=0 and y=0. Turning points occur when the gradient is 0 and can be found using the maximum/minimum point of the completed square form. Two examples are given to demonstrate how to sketch graphs of quadratics by finding intercepts and turning points. Practice questions are provided to reinforce the skills.

Uploaded by

Tanaka Hlupo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sketching quadratics

A LEVEL LINKS
Scheme of work: 1b. Quadratic functions – factorising, solving, graphs and the discriminants

Key points
• The graph of the quadratic function
y = ax2 + bx + c, where a ≠ 0, is a curve
called a parabola.
• Parabolas have a line of symmetry and for a > 0 for a < 0
a shape as shown.
• To sketch the graph of a function, find the points where the graph intersects the axes.
• To find where the curve intersects the y-axis substitute x = 0 into the function.
• To find where the curve intersects the x-axis substitute y = 0 into the function.
• At the turning points of a graph the gradient of the curve is 0 and any tangents to the curve at
these points are horizontal.
• To find the coordinates of the maximum or minimum point (turning points) of a quadratic
curve (parabola) you can use the completed square form of the function.

Example 1 Sketch the graph of y = x2.

The graph of y = x2 is a parabola.

When x = 0, y = 0.

a = 1 which is greater
than zero, so the graph
has the shape:

Example 2 Sketch the graph of y = x2 − x − 6.

When x = 0, y = 02 − 0 − 6 = −6 1 Find where the graph intersects the


So the graph intersects the y-axis at y-axis by substituting x = 0.
(0, −6)
When y = 0, x2 − x − 6 = 0 2 Find where the graph intersects the
x-axis by substituting y = 0.
(x + 2)(x − 3) = 0 3 Solve the equation by factorising.

x = −2 or x = 3 4 Solve (x + 2) = 0 and (x − 3) = 0.

So, 5 a = 1 which is greater


the graph intersects the x-axis at (−2, 0) than zero, so the graph
and (3, 0) has the shape:

(continued on next page)

A2400 ch2k | Version 1.1 | September 2020


2
æ 1ö 1 6 To find the turning point, complete
x − x − 6 = çx- ÷ - -6
2

è 2ø 4 the square.
2
æ 1 ö 25
= çx- ÷ -
è 2ø 4
2
æ 1ö 1
When ç x - ÷ = 0 , x = and 7 The turning point is the minimum
è 2ø 2 value for this expression and occurs
25 when the term in the bracket is
y = - , so the turning point is at the
4 equal to zero.
æ 1 25 ö
point ç , - ÷
è2 4 ø

A2400 ch2k | Version 1.1 | September 2020


Practice questions
1 Sketch the graph of y = − x2

2 Sketch each graph, labelling where the curve crosses the axes.
a y = (x + 2)(x − 1) b y = x(x − 3) c y = (x + 1)(x + 5)

3 Sketch each graph, labelling where the curve crosses the axes.
a y = x2 − x − 6 b y = x2 − 5x + 4 c y = x2 – 4
d y = x2 + 4x e y = 9 − x2 f y = x2 + 2x − 3

4 Sketch the graph of y = 2x2 + 5x − 3, labelling where the curve crosses the axes.

5 Sketch each graph. Label where the curve crosses the axes and write down the coordinates of the
turning point.
a y = x2 − 5x + 6 b y = − x2 + 7x − 12 c y = − x2 + 4x

6 Sketch the graph of y = x2 + 2x + 1. Label where the curve crosses the axes and write down the
equation of the line of symmetry.

A2400 ch2k | Version 1.1 | September 2020


Answers
1

2 a b c

3 a b c

d e f

A2400 ch2k | Version 1.1 | September 2020


4

5 a b c

Line of symmetry at x = −1

A2400 ch2k | Version 1.1 | September 2020

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