Lecture-3 Module-4 Structural Analysis-II
Lecture-3 Module-4 Structural Analysis-II
Peshawar, Pakistan
By:
Prof. Dr. Bashir Alam
Civil Engineering Department
UET , Peshawar
Topics to be Covered
• Introduction
• Prerequisites for using flexibility method for Trusses
• Indeterminacy of trusses
• Revision of Unit Load Method
• Flexibility method procedure for truss analysis
• Analysis of trusses Example 1
• Example 2
• Example 3
• Assignments
Flexibility Method for Trusses Analysis
Introduction:
Trusses are analyzed with flexibility method due to
• To solve the problem in matrix notation, which is more systematic
• To compute reactions at all the supports.
• To compute internal resisting axial force in any member of the indeterminate
Truss.
Flexibility Method for Trusses Analysis
The basic method for the analysis of indeterminate truss by force
method is similar to the indeterminate beam analysis discussed in the
previous lessons. Determine the degree of static indeterminacy of the
structure. Identify the number of redundant reactions equal to the
degree of indeterminacy. The redundants must be so selected that
when the restraint corresponding to the redundants are removed, the
resulting truss is statically determinate and stable. In case of E.I
select support reactions as redundant actions in case of I.I selection
member forces as redundant actions. E.I + I.I ⇒ select redundants
from both support reactions & member forces.
Flexibility Method for Trusses Analysis
S. I = + −2
I. I = +3 −2
m = 10 , r = 4 , j = 6
A D
B C
I. I = +3 −2 =1∘
E. I = − 3 = 1 ∘
T. I = + −2 =2∘
∆ = ∑
Note: When axial forces are predominant then use axial rigidity EA instead of EI
Flexibility Method for Trusses Analysis
• Displacement at any point due to a unit load at that point or
any other point is given by (also called flexibility coefficient)
= =
Note: when a truss is both externally & internally indeterminate then choose redundant
actions from both member forces & support reactions.
DRS is initial support rotation or settlement corresponding to redundant locations
Flexibility Method for Trusses Analysis
• Step # 02: Analyze the BDS (primary structure) under the
following loading conditions
i. Analyze the BDS when acted upon by the actual loads and
compute the values of member forces Pi.
ii. Analyze the BDS when acted upon by the unit load at redundant
location 1 & compute the values of member forces U1i.
iii. Analyze the BDS when acted upon by the unit load at redundant
location 2 & compute the values of member forces U2i.
iv. And so on if redundants are more than 2.
Flexibility Method for Trusses Analysis
• Step # 03: Develop members forces table. Member forces table
will consist of following information's for making the calculation
work easy.
Members Axial Length Forces in the Forces in the Forces in the
rigidity released truss released truss released truss
EA due to actual due to unit load due to unit load
applied loading at redundant 1 at redundant 2
(Pi values) (U1i values) (U2i values)
=
Flexibility Method for Trusses Analysis
• Step # 05: Find BDS Displacements due to unit loads
or Compute the values of flexibility coefficients
& flexibility matrix.
1 2
12 = 21 =
1 1 2 2
11 = 22 =
From this
= + •
= 1 • −
1 11 12 1− 1
=
2 21 22 2− 2
Flexibility Method for Trusses Analysis
Step # 07: Compute the member end actions
= +