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    Incidence, Risk Factors and Fetomaternal Outcome in Abruptio Placenta

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    IJAR JOURNAL
    Abruptio placenta is defined as placental detachment before and during delivery.It remains a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in developing countries.Over 50% of all perinatal deaths attributed to abruptio placenta are accompanied by premature delivery.In addition it accounts for 20-25% of antepartum hemorrhage,increased risk of DIC,maternal shock ,renal failure,PPH,and maternal death.This study aimed to determine the incidence ,risk factors and fetomaternal outcome

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    Incidence, Risk Factors and Fetomaternal Outcome in Abruptio Placenta

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    IJAR JOURNAL
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    Abruptio placenta is defined as placental detachment before and during delivery.It remains a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in developing countries.Over 50% of all perinatal deaths attributed to abruptio placenta are accompanied by premature delivery.In addition it accounts for 20-25% of antepartum hemorrhage,increased risk of DIC,maternal shock ,renal failure,PPH,and maternal death.This study aimed to determine the incidence ,risk factors and fetomaternal outcome

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    INCIDENCE, RISK FACTORS AND FETOMATERNAL OUTCOME IN ABRUPTIO PLACENTA

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    Abruptio placenta is defined as placental detachment before and during delivery.It remains a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in developing countries.Over 50% of all perinatal deaths attributed to abruptio placenta are accompanied by premature delivery.In addition it accounts for 20-25% of antepartum hemorrhage,increased risk of DIC,maternal shock ,renal failure,PPH,and maternal death.This study aimed to determine the incidence ,risk factors and fetomaternal outcome

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    19 views4 pages

    Incidence, Risk Factors and Fetomaternal Outcome in Abruptio Placenta

    Uploaded by

    IJAR JOURNAL
    Abruptio placenta is defined as placental detachment before and during delivery.It remains a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in developing countries.Over 50% of all perinatal deaths attributed to abruptio placenta are accompanied by premature delivery.In addition it accounts for 20-25% of antepartum hemorrhage,increased risk of DIC,maternal shock ,renal failure,PPH,and maternal death.This study aimed to determine the incidence ,risk factors and fetomaternal outcome

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 4

    ISSN: 2320-5407 Int. J. Adv. Res.

    11(02), 1163-1166

    Journal Homepage: - www.journalijar.com

    Article DOI: 10.21474/IJAR01/16360


    DOI URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/16360

    RESEARCH ARTICLE
    INCIDENCE, RISK FACTORS AND FETOMATERNAL OUTCOME IN ABRUPTIO PLACENTA

    Dr. Yenugudhati Ramya Satya Pavani Devi and Dr. Vaddadi Adi Lakshmi
    ……………………………………………………………………………………………………....
    Manuscript Info Abstract
    ……………………. ………………………………………………………………
    Manuscript History Abruptio placenta is defined as placental detachment before and during
    Received: 31 December 2022 delivery.It remains a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity
    Final Accepted: 31 January 2023 and mortality in developing countries.Over 50% of all perinatal deaths
    Published: February 2023 attributed to abruptio placenta are accompanied by premature
    delivery.In addition it accounts for 20-25% of antepartum
    hemorrhage,increased risk of DIC,maternal shock ,renal
    failure,PPH,and maternal death.This study aimed to determine the
    incidence ,risk factors and fetomaternal outcome in abruptio placenta.

    Copy Right, IJAR, 2023,. All rights reserved.


    ……………………………………………………………………………………………………....
    Introduction:-
    1. Placental abruption is the most common cause of antepartum hemorrhage and is defined as premature
    separation of normally implanted placenta.
    2. Placental abruption occurs when there is compromise of vascular structures supporting the placenta.
    3. It is a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality
    4. Risk factors include smoking,Hypertension,multifetalpregnancy,hydramnios,placental abruption in prior
    pregnancy.
    5. Maternal complications include hemorrhagic shock,DIC,renalfailure,ischemic necrosis of distal organs.
    6. Fetal complications like hypoxia,anemia,FGR,prematurity, fetal death

    Aims And Objectives:-


    1. To study the incidence of abruptio placenta
    2. To study the risk factors of abruptio placenta
    3. To analyse maternal outcome in the form of maternal morbidity and mortality.
    4. To study perinatal outcome in the form of morbidity and mortality.

    Methods:-
    1. The retrospective observational study was carried out at Andhra medical
    college,kinggeorgehospital,visakhapatnam has 6400 deliveries per year.
    2. The study was carried out for a period of one year from july 2021 to june 2022.
    3. The study population included all cases presenting with antepartum hemorrhage to department of OBG during
    study period.
    4. Subjects selected for the study were all cases diagnosed as having abruptio placenta.
    5. All other causes of APH like placenta previa and extraplacental causes were excluded.
    6. All study subjects underwent a complete obsteterical clinical workup including history,general physical
    examination,abdominal and pelvic examination,laboratory tests and imaging were performed.
    7. Patients were managed according to maternal and fetal condition

    1163
    Corresponding Author:- Dr.Yenugudhati Ramya Satya Pavani Devi
    ISSN: 2320-5407 Int. J. Adv. Res. 11(02), 1163-1166

    8. Any maternal and/or fetal compliactions were noted and recorded.

    Results:-
    Total cases during study period are 80
    1) Age
    Age No. Of cases(80) Percentage

    <20yrs 8 10%

    20-25 28 35%

    26-30 30 37.5%

    >30yrs 14 17.5%
    1. Most of the abruptio cases are between 26 to 30 yrs
    2. Next m.c age group is 20-25yrs
    3. Least incidence is <20yrs

    2) Parity
    Parity No. Of cases Perecentage

    Primi 16 20%
    nd
    2 gravida 22 27.5%

    3rd gravida 20 25%

    4th gravida 10 12.5%

    Grand multipara 12 15%


    nd
    1. Maximumno.of abruptio cases were 2 gravida
    2. Incidence of abruption was high in multiparous women and seen in term pregnancy.

    3) Risk Factors
    Risk factors No.of cases Percentage

    PIH 14 17.5%

    Multifetal pregnancy 12 15%

    PPROM 11 13.75%

    Diabetes 12 15%

    Postcs 8 10%

    Hydramnios 11 13.75%

    Unexplained 8 10%

    Past history of APH 4 5%


    1. In the present study,PIHmost common risk factor.
    2. Other risk factors are multifetal pregnancy,hydramnios.

    1164
    ISSN: 2320-5407 Int. J. Adv. Res. 11(02), 1163-1166

    4) Maternal Complications
    PPH 15 18.75%

    AKI 12 15%

    DIC 5 6.25%

    Hysterectomy 3 3.75%

    Pulmonary edema 5 6.25%

    Shock 5 6.25%

    Ventilatory support 13 16.25%

    Mortality 2 2.5%
    Table shows pregnant women with abruptio placenta were at higher risk of developing complications like
    PPH,AKI,DIC,shocketc

    5) Mode Of Delivery And Requirement Of Blood Components


    Mode of delivery No. Of cases Percentage

    Normal 50 62.5%

    Caesarean 30 37.5%

    Blood component PRBC FFP CRYOPRECIPITATES

    No. Of cases 20 12 13

    Percentage 25% 15% 16.25%

    6) Fetal Outcome
    Fetus No.of cases Perecentage

    Live birth 60 75%


    IUD 20 25%
    1. Table showing 75% are live birth,25% are IUD
    2. 10 died in early neonatal period due to prematurity
    3. Fetal complications include hypoxia,anemia,IUGR,prematurity,neurodevelopmentalproblems,fetal death.

    Conclusion:-
    1. Abruptio placenta is associated with high rate of maternal and fetal morbidity,because of this the conditions
    predisposing it should be carefully evaluated in order to reduce occurrence of placental abruption.
    2. Antenatal care which identifies risk factors like PIH plays an important role in decreasing incidence of abruptio
    placenta amd improving maternal and fetal outcome.
    3. Regular antenatal checkups,anemiacorrection,early diagnosis and identification of gestational hypertension
    wouldprevent maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.

    References:-
    1. Workalemahu T, Enquobahrie DA, Gelaye B, Thornton TA, Tekola-Ayele F, Sanchez SE, et al. Abruptio
    placentae risk and genetic variations in mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation: replication of a
    candidate gene association study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2018;219(6):617-e1.

    1165
    ISSN: 2320-5407 Int. J. Adv. Res. 11(02), 1163-1166

    2. Sylvester HC, Stringer M. Placental abruption leading to hysterectomy. Case Reports. 2017;2017.
    3. Miller C, Grynspan D, Gaudet L, Ferretti E, Lawrence S, Moretti F, et al. Maternal and neonatal characteristics
    of a Canadian urban cohort receiving treatment for opioid use disorder during pregnancy. J Develop Orig
    Health Dis. 2019;10(1):132-7.
    4. Ananth CV, Berkowitz GS, Savitz DA, Lapinski RH. Placental abruption and adverse perinatal outcomes.
    JAMA. 1999;282(17):1646-51.

    1166

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