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The Periodic Table Comprehension Answers

An element is a substance made of only one type of atom. Lithium is an element whose symbol is Li. Scientists initially found it difficult to organize the elements because not all elements had been discovered yet. Later discoveries of new elements that filled in gaps in Mendeleev's periodic table and had the predicted properties provided evidence supporting his organization method. Elements become less metallic and have lower atomic radii as you move from left to right across a period. The periodic table is so named because groups of similar elements occur periodically. Group 7 elements are likely to be gases that react with all other elements and have low density. Metals are conductors while non-metals are insulators and have other distinguishing properties. An element that is

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229 views2 pages

The Periodic Table Comprehension Answers

An element is a substance made of only one type of atom. Lithium is an element whose symbol is Li. Scientists initially found it difficult to organize the elements because not all elements had been discovered yet. Later discoveries of new elements that filled in gaps in Mendeleev's periodic table and had the predicted properties provided evidence supporting his organization method. Elements become less metallic and have lower atomic radii as you move from left to right across a period. The periodic table is so named because groups of similar elements occur periodically. Group 7 elements are likely to be gases that react with all other elements and have low density. Metals are conductors while non-metals are insulators and have other distinguishing properties. An element that is

Uploaded by

Meyliana Melly
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Periodic Table Answers

1. What is an element?

An element is a substance made of only one type of atom.

2. Lithium is an element whose name comes from the Greek word lithios, meaning ‘stone’. The
symbol for lithium is written using the first two letters of its name.

Write down the symbol for lithium.

Li

3. Explain why scientists initially found it difficult to organise the elements.

Not all of the elements had been discovered yet.

4. Scientists continued to make discoveries about elements long after Mendeleev first
produced his table. Explain how later discoveries provided evidence to support
Mendeleev’s organisation of the elements.

When new elements were discovered they filled in the gaps that Mendeleev had left
in his table. They also had the same properties that Mendeleev had predicted they
would have. This evidence supported Mendeleev’s methods for organising
the elements.

5. Describe two trends as you move from left to right across a period.

1. The atomic number increases.


2. The atomic radius decreases.

6. Explain why this organisation of the elements is known as the periodic table.

Groups of elements with similar properties occur at regular intervals (periodically).

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The Periodic Table Answers
7. An element is a gas at room temperature. It has a low density and is a poor conductor of
heat and electricity. The element reacts with virtually all other elements.

Give the name of the group that this element is most likely to be found in.

Group 7/halogens

8. Compare the properties of metals and non-metals.

Metals are typically shiny, whereas non-metals are typically dull.


Metals are usually good conductors of heat and electricity. However, non-metals are
usually poor conductors of heat and electricity.
Metals are typically sonorous while non-metals are not.
Metals usually have a high density while non-metals have a low density.
Metal oxides form alkaline solutions. However, non-metal oxides form
acidic solutions.
Metals are malleable and ductile, whereas non-metals are brittle.

9. A shiny, grey solid can conduct electricity, is very brittle and has a low density.
Explain where this element is likely to be found on the periodic table.

The element is likely to be found near to the stepped line/found with the metalloids
because it has properties of both metals and non-metals.

10. Compare the melting and boiling points of the elements found in Group 1, Group 7
and Group 0.

Group 1 elements have the highest melting and boiling points because they are all
solids at room temperature.
Group 0 elements have the lowest melting and boiling points because they are all
gases at room temperature.
The melting and boiling points of the Group 7 elements are likely to be lower than
those of the Group 1 elements and higher than those of the Group 0 elements because
Group 7 contains elements that are solids, liquid and gases.

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