CVEN4301 T2/2022 Assignment-3 (Due date: 05 August 8:00 pm)

Question 1- The flat slab shown in Figure-1 has a uniform thickness of D = 150 mm across the entire
floor which is part of a residential building with Live load (imposed action) per unit area of Q= 2.0 kPa.
Apart from the self-weight of the structures, assume that the equivalent permanent action (Dead load)
per unit area of the floor due to partitions and finishes is 2.0 kPa. All reinforcing steel bars are Class N
with an elastic modulus of Es= 200 GPa. The characteristic compressive strength of concrete is
f c  25 MPa and density of concrete is = 2400 kg/m3. Assume that the slab will be reinforced with

two layers of N10 orthogonal reinforcing steel mesh with a clear cover of 30 mm for the outermost
layers of top and bottom reinforcement placed in the x direction. All the columns supporting the slab
are 400 mm ×400 mm. Note: Please make sure, effective length of spans are used in the calculations.

- Use the simplified method (clause 6.10.4) to calculate the max. ultimate negative (over the
supports/columns) bending moments in x and y direction. Please provide these bending moments on a
sketch of the floor plan. (20 marks)
- Use the bending moments from part (a) to determine the minimum punching shear capacity of the
slab. Note: You need to consider the punching shear design requirements at different
locations/columns. Please make sure (as per AS3600-2018), the minimum unbalanced bending
moment M v* is considered in the punching shear capacity calculations. (30 marks)

Figure-1 Plan view of the flat slab.

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CVEN4301 T2/2022 Assignment-3 (Due date: 05 August 8:00 pm)

Question 2- The combined footing shown in Figure-2, carries two 400 mm square columns (marked as
A and B). The loads on the columns are only gravity loads as follows.
Column A:
Axial load PG= 1000 kN and PQ= 800 kN & Bending moments MG= 0 kNm and MQ= 0
Column B:
Axial load PG= 1500 kN and PQ= 1200 kN & Bending moments MG= 0 kNm and MQ= 0
Take yield strength of steel bars as fsy=500 MPa, and characteristic compressive strength and weight per
unit volume of concrete f c  25 MPa and c= 25 kN/m3, respectively.
Take allowable bearing capacity and weight per unit volume of soil qa= 735 kN/m2 and s= 20 kN/m3,
respectively. Take the concrete cover 70 mm for the longitudinal bars (in x direction). Take max.
nominal aggregate size: dg= 10 mm. Note: ignore effect of the self-weight of the footing and soil over
the footing.
- Determine the minimum width B of the footing based on soil bearing capacity. (20 marks)
- Determine the minimum thickness Df of the footing based on punching shear design requirements.
Note: Ignore effect of the bending moments on the punching shear capacity of the footing. (15 marks)
- Use width B and thickness Df of footing obtained from the previous steps to calculate the maximum
amount of top and bottom reinforcement in the x direction based on strength (ultimate) limit state
design requirements. (15 marks)

Figure-2 Plan view and elevation of the combined footing.

 

 
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CVEN4301 T2/2022 Assignment-3 (Due date: 05 August 8:00 pm)

Solution to Q1:
Dead load (permanent action): 𝑔 24 0.15 2.0 5.6 kN/m

Combination of actions (load combinations):

1.35𝑔 1.35 5.6 7.56 kN/m
𝑞∗ 1.2𝑔 1.5𝑞 1.2 5.6 1.5 2.0 9.72 kN/m Governs

Part (a):
Effective span: 𝐿 5.2 0.7 0.2 0.2 4.92 m
Width of desing strips on axes A, C, 1 and 3: 𝐿 2.6 0.2 2.8 m
∗  .   . .
Referenc BM for desing strips on axes A, C, 1 and 3: 𝑀 = 82.4 kNm

Width of desing strip on axes B and 2: 𝐿 5.2 m

∗  .   . .
Referenc BM for desing strips on axes B and 2: 𝑀 = 152.9 kNm

20.6 kNm 38.2 kNm

y 15.4 kNm 5.2+4.8 kNm 28.7 kNm

x
41.2 kNm 76.4 kNm

20.6 kNm 20.6+19.1 kNm 38.2 kNm

61.8 kNm 114.6 kNm

37.1 kNm 24.7+22.9 kNm 68.8 kNm

Note: Due to symmetry, the same bending moments can be used for strips in x direction.

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CVEN4301 T2/2022 Assignment-3 (Due date: 05 August 8:00 pm)

Part (b):

𝑑 𝐷 40 110 mm
𝑓 0.34 𝑓 0.34√25 1.7 MPa 1700 kN/m2  
In the flat slabs, the closed fitments are rarely provided in the torsion strips. So, it’s assumed that there
is no closed fitment in the torsional strip.

Column A-1 (corner column):

110
No shear head: 𝑉 𝑢𝑑 𝑓 2 400
2
110 1.7 170.2 kN
𝑉∗ 𝑞∗ 2.8 2.8 9.72 2.8 2.8 76.2 kN
𝑀 20.6 kNm
𝑉∗ 𝑞∗ 2.8 2.8 9.72 2.8 2.8 76.2 kN
.
𝑉 ∗ . . 105.5 kN  𝜙𝑉 0.7 105.5 73.9 kN 𝑉 ∗   NOT OK
∗ . . .

Column B-1 (edge column):

110
No shear head: 𝑉 𝑢𝑑 𝑓 2 400
2
400 110 110 1.7 265.5 kN
𝑉∗ 𝑞∗ 2.8 5.2 9.72 2.8 5.2 141.5 kN

Taking strip in x direction:

𝑀 0: Unbalanced bending moment from the simplified method
𝑀∗ 0.06 1.2𝑔 0.75𝑞 𝐿 𝐿 1.2𝑔 𝐿 𝐿′ 0.06 0.75 2.0 2.8 4.92 6.1 kNm
.
𝑉 ∗ . . 233.7 kN  𝜙𝑉 0.7 233.7 163.6 kN 𝑉 ∗   OK
∗ . . .

Taking strip in y direction:

𝑀 38.2 kNm: Unbalanced bending moment from the simplified method
.
𝑉 ∗ . . 135.7 kN  𝜙𝑉 0.7 135.7 95 kN 𝑉 ∗   NOT OK
∗ . . .

Column B-2 (interior column):

No shear head: 𝑉 𝑢𝑑 𝑓 4 400 110 110 1.7 381.5 kN
𝑉∗ 𝑞∗ 5.2 5.2 9.72 5.2 5.2 262.8 kN
𝑀∗ 0.06 1.2𝑔 0.75𝑞 𝐿 𝐿 1.2𝑔 𝐿 𝐿′ 0.06 0.75 2.0 5.2 4.92 11.3 kNm
.
𝑉 ∗ . . 319.2 kN  𝜙𝑉 0.7 319.2 233.4 kN 𝑉 ∗   NOT OK
∗ . . .

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CVEN4301 T2/2022 Assignment-3 (Due date: 05 August 8:00 pm)

Solution to Q2:
Column A:
Axial load PG= 1000 kN and PQ= 800 kN & Bending moments MG= 0 kNm & MQ= 0 kNm
Column B:
Axial load PG= 1500 kN and PQ= 1200 kN & Bending moments MG= 0 kNm & MQ= 0 kNm

Determine the minimum width B of the footing

Loading condition, i.e., 𝐺: 𝑃 𝑃 𝑃 2500 kN

Loading condition, i.e., 𝑄: 𝑃 𝑃 𝑃 2000 kN

Loading condition 𝐺 𝑄:
𝑃 4500 kN 4500 kN
   1080 kNm
𝑀 2700 1800 1.2 1080 kNm

2300 mm 2300 mm

                              qmin
qmax
Loading condition 𝑮 𝑸

Assume 𝑒 0.24 0.767 mm and

    .
𝑞  𝑞 735      𝐵 1.75 m
.   .

Determine the minimum thickness Df of the footing 6000 kN

Loading condition 1.2𝐺 1.5𝑄 1440 kNm

Column A:
𝑃 1.2 1000 1.5 800 2400 kN
2300 mm 2300 mm
Column B:
𝑃 1.2 1500 1.5 1200 3600 kN qmin
qmax
Column B is more critical for punching shear design. q= 867 kN/m2
1440  .
𝑞      𝑞  979 kN/m2
. . .   .

1440  .
𝑞      𝑞  512 kN/m2
. . .   .

𝑑 𝐷 90, 𝑓 0.34 𝑓 0.34√25 1.7 MPa 1700 kN/m2  

No shear head: 𝑉 𝑢𝑑 𝑓
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CVEN4301 T2/2022 Assignment-3 (Due date: 05 August 8:00 pm)

𝑉 4 0.4 𝑑  𝑑 1700 2720 𝑑 6800 𝑑

𝑉∗ 𝑁∗ 3600 kN

If the soil reaction is ignored:

𝑉∗ 𝑁∗ 𝜙𝑉  3600 0.7 2720𝑑 6800𝑑

Min. required 𝑑 700 mm= 0.7 m ∴   𝐷 790 mm 

If the soil reaction is considered by restoration factor 1.0:

𝑁∗ 𝑁 𝜙𝑉

 3600 867 𝑑 0.4 𝑑 0.4 0.7 2720𝑑 6800𝑑

Min. required 𝑑 590 mm= 0.59 m ∴   𝐷 680 mm 

Calculate the maximum amount of top and bottom reinforcement in x direction

2400 kN 3600 kN
qmin= 512×1.75= 896 kN/m
qmax= 979×1.75= 1713 kN/m 1.1 m 2.4 m 1.1 m
A B

896 kN/m 1090 kN/m

1517 kN/m
1713 kN/m
Draw the SFD and BMD of the footing.
1777 kN
1308 kN
Identify the location of the BM critical section.

-1092 kN
-1823 kN
Shear force diagram (SFD)

The max. BM under column A: M *= 402 kNm

144 kNm
The max. BM under column B: M *= 704 kNm

-581 kNm
-997 kNm
Bending moment diagram (BMD)

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CVEN4301 T2/2022 Assignment-3 (Due date: 05 August 8:00 pm)

Calculate the amount of reinforcement:

≈ 402 kNm ≈ 704 kNm

𝛼 0.85 0.0015𝑓 0.8125

𝑀∗ 𝜙𝑀 𝜙  𝐶    𝑑                 

Bending moment critical section

, . √
Df = 790 mm  𝑝 0.19 0.19 0.0014

    Ast min= 0.0014×1750×710= 1740 mm2 (6N20 or N20@300 mm)

, . √
Df = 680 mm  𝑝 0.19 0.19 0.0015

  Ast min= 0.0015×1750×600= 1575 mm2 (5N20 or N20@350 mm)

Under column A:

402 10 0.85 0.8125 25 1750𝑎 𝑑

Df = 790 mm  𝑎 19 mm, 𝐶 𝑇  0.8125 25 1750 19 𝐴 500

  Ast= 1350 mm2, (5N20 or N20@350 mm) < Ast min OK

Df = 680 mm  𝑎 22 mm, 𝐶 𝑇  0.8125 25 1750 22 𝐴 500

  Ast= 1564 mm2, (5N20 or N20@350 mm) Ast min OK

Under column B:

704 10 0.85 0.8125 25 1750𝑎 𝑑

Df = 790 mm  𝑎 33 mm, 𝐶 𝑇  0.8125 25 1750 33 𝐴 500

  Ast= 2346 mm2, (8N20 or N20@210 mm)

Df = 680 mm  𝑎 40 mm, 𝐶 𝑇  0.8125 25 1750 40 𝐴 500

  Ast= 2840 mm2, (9N20 or N20@190 mm)

5N20

5N20 9N20

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CVEN4301 T2/2022 Assignment-3 (Due date: 05 August 8:00 pm)

Check/determine thickness of the footing based on one-way (flexural) shear design

Df = 680 mm  shear critical section at 0.61+ 0.2= 0.81 m from centre of Column B
 Critical shear force: 𝑉 ∗ 657 kN

 
Effective depth of tensile reinforcements 𝐴

Df = 680 mm  𝑑 𝑑 600 mm , d v  The greater 0.72𝐷 , 0.9𝑑 540 mm

𝑏 1750 mm , 𝑓 , 500 MPa

.
Min. shear reinforcement: min
       min
1.4
,

.
Let’s assume  𝑘
 

|𝑀∗ /𝑑 | |𝑉 ∗ | 𝑃 0.5𝑁 ∗ 𝐴 𝑓
𝜀
2 𝐸𝐴 𝐸 𝐴

| . / . |
Df = 680 mm  𝜀 6.5 10
.
𝑘 = 0.2
  .

Alternatively, if  𝑘 0.2 (Clause 8.2.4.2)

if  𝑘 0.16 (Clause 8.2.4.2)

Alternatively, if simplified method of Clause 8.2.4.3 is used:

if  𝑘 0.12

Assuming that minimum fitment requirement is met, i.e.,

𝜙 𝑉 𝜙 𝑘 𝑏 𝑑 𝑓 0.75 0.2 1750 540 √25 709 kN 𝑉 ∗ OK

 
Assuming that minimum fitment requirement is not met, i.e.,

𝜙 𝑉 𝜙 𝑘 𝑏 𝑑 𝑓 0.7 0.12 1750 540 √25 397 kN 𝑉 ∗ NOT OK

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