Diploma Engineering

Semester IV

CE, IT, AIML, Cloud Computing &

Big Data, Gaming & Animation
 An Overview of Major Computer & Technology Disciplines

Computer Engineering is a branch of engineering

that integrates several fields of computer science and
electronic engineering required to develop computer
hardware and software. Computer engineers design,
test, implement and maintain computer software and
hardware systems.

Information Technology (IT) is the use of computers

to store or retrieve data and information. IT is typically
used within the context of business operations as
opposed to personal or entertainment technologies. An
information technology system (IT system) is generally
an information system, a communications system.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is intelligence

demonstrated by machines, as opposed to the natural
intelligence displayed by humans or animals. AI
applications include advanced web search engines,
recommendation systems used by YouTube, Amazon
and Netflix, Siri or Alexa, Tesla, and strategic game
systems (such as chess and Go).

Cloud Computing & Big Data is the on-demand

availability of computer system resources, especially
data storage (cloud storage) and computing power,
without direct active management by the user. Big data
is a field that treats ways to analyze, systematically
extract information from, or otherwise, deal with data
sets that are too large or complex to be dealt with by
traditional data-processing application software.

Gaming and Animation is the process of

developing/designing a game. The effort is
undertaken by a developer, ranging from a single
person to an international team dispersed across the
globe. Animation is a method in which figures are
manipulated to appear as moving images. Various
tools available in the market today, ease out the tasks
of game development and animation.
 Disclaimer
This handbook is compiled to provide subject information to the students. Every
effort has been made to avoid errors & omissions and ensure accuracy. Any error
noted may be brought to the notice of the compiler, which shall be taken care of
in the updated edition of this handbook. The sources of information/material are
provided in the appendix.
The information contained in this handbook is strictly for education and learning
purposes and not for any commercial use.
Furthermore, The University reserves the right to unilaterally and without
notice make changes to this handbook at any time.
Evaluation Methodology
Theory Marks
PA: Progressive Assessment
Units’ examinations will be conducted during the semester. Each unit examination is
compulsory. Unit examination may be taken from objectives, short questions, long questions,
etc.

Unit-1 Exam: Maximum Marks 10

Unit-2 Exam: Maximum Marks 10
Unit-3 Exam: Maximum Marks 10
Unit-4 Exam: Maximum Marks 10
_________________________________________
Total Marks 40

ESE: End Semester Exam

End semester examination will be conducted from all Five (5) units and it is compulsory. It
may be taken in the form of objectives, short questions, long questions etc.

End Semester Exam: Maximum Marks 50

CA: Continuous Assessment

Continuous assessment will be evaluated from the activity assigned in the semester and the
attendance of that particular subject.

Activity Assessment / Attendance: Maximum Marks 10

Practical Marks
PV: Practical Viva
Practical viva will be conducted through group task. Thereafter viva will be conducted
individually based on the given task of the concerned subject.

Practical Viva: Maximum Marks 30

TW: Term Work

Term work will be considered from the assignment and laboratory work done by the student
during the semester of that particular subject.

Term Work: Maximum Marks 20

 EVALUATION SCHEME

The performance of students is evaluated on the basis of continuous and semester-end

examinations with letter grades O+++, O++, A++, B, etc. Which have numerical equivalents called
grade points as indicated below:

Percentage Grade Point Grade Class

95 100 10 O+++
90 94 9.5 O++
85 89 9 O+ First Class with
80 84 8.5 O Distinction
75 79 8 A++
70 74 7.5 A+
65 69 7 A
First Class
60 64 6.5 B++
55 59 6 B+ Higher Second Class
50 54 5.5 B
45 49 5 C Second Class

ic
40 44 4.5 D
35 39 4.0 E Pass Class
less than 35 0 F Fail

hn
The performance of a student in a semester is indicated by a number called SPI (Semester
Performance Index). The SPI is the weighted average of the grade points obtained in all the subjects
taken by the student during the semester. Example: Suppose in a given semester a student has taken
ec
subjects having credits C1, C2, C3, C4, C5..... And the numerical equivalent of grades obtained in
those subjects are G1, G2, G3, G4, and G5 respectively.
yt
Grade Points Earned ∑𝑛
𝑖=1 𝐶𝑖 𝐺𝑖
Then his/her SPI = Total Offered Credits = ∑𝑛
𝑖=1 𝐶𝑖

SPI will be calculated (after re-examination, if any) up to two decimal places on the basis of the final
ol

grades.
An overall assessment from the time the student entered the course is obtained by calculating PPI
P

(Progressive Performance Index). The PPI is the weighted average of the grade points obtained in
all the subjects taken by the student since he/she entered the course. It is calculated in the same
manner as the SPI. The CGPA (Cumulative Grade Points Average) is the weighted average of the
LJ

grade points obtained in all the subjects in the last six semesters of the course.
Detention:
Formula for conversion of equivalent percentage of PPI
An equation to find equivalence between PPI or CGPA may be obtained as follows:
Percentage Marks = (PPI or CGPA — 0.5) x 10. SPI or PPI or CGPA equivalent class shall be as
follows:
Below 4.00 : Fail
4.00 – 4.49 : Pass Class
4.50 – 5.50 : Second Class
5.51 – 6.00 : Higher Second Class
6.01 – 7.49 : Firsrt Class
7.50 and above : First Class with Distinction

For all courses, where the duration of the course is more than 2 years, the degree shall be awarded
to the students on the basis of CGPA of the last six semester's performance in the exams.

In case of the courses where duration is of two years, the degree shall be awarded to students based
on PPI considering the performance in all four semesters.
About Bloom’s Taxonomy
Bloom’s Taxonomy is a classification of the different objectives and skills that educators set
for their students (learning objectives). The taxonomy was proposed in 1956 by Benjamin
Bloom, an educational psychologist at the University of Chicago. The terminology has been
recently updated to include the following six levels of learning. These 6 levels can be used to
structure the learning objectives, lessons, and assessments of your course.
1. Remembering: Retrieving, recognizing, and recalling relevant knowledge from long‐
term memory.
2. Understanding: Constructing meaning from oral, written, and graphic messages through
interpreting, exemplifying, classifying, summarizing, inferring, comparing, and
explaining.
3. Applying: Carrying out or using a procedure for executing, or implementing.
4. Analyzing: Breaking material into constituent parts, determining how the parts relate to
one another and to an overall structure or purpose through differentiating, organizing, and
attributing.
5. Evaluating: Making judgments based on criteria and standards through checking and
critiquing.
6. Creating: Putting elements together to form a coherent or functional whole; reorganizing
elements into a new pattern or structure through generating, planning, or producing.
Web Technology

WEB TECHNOLOGY

Prepared and Compiled by

CE & IT Department

LJ Polytechnic
Web Technology

Course
Course Name Web Technology
Course Type HSSC BSC ESC PCC OEC PEC

Legends: HSSC: Humanities and Social Sciences Courses

BSC: Basic Science Courses
ESC: Engineering Science Courses
PCC: Program Core Courses
OEC: Open Elective Courses
PEC: Program Elective Courses

Teaching and Evaluation Scheme

Evaluation Scheme
Teaching Hours / Week
Theory Marks Practical Marks
Theory
Total Marks
L T P ESE CA PA Total PV TW Total
Credit
2 - 4 4 50 10 40 100 30 20 50 150

Legends: ESE: End Semester Exam

CA: Continuous Assessment (Attendance + Activity)
PA: Progressive Assessment
PV: Practical Viva
TW: Term Work

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Web Technology

Contents
Unit Learning %
Topics Sub-Topics Hours
No. Outcomes Weightage
1.1 What is PHP  To understand
what is PHP
1.2 WAMP, LAMP & and its
XAMPP applications
1.3 WampServer installation are, Installation
and basic troubleshooting of environment
techniques. required to run
PHP program.
1.4 PHP file creation and  To understand
running the first program the basic
PHP
constructs of a
Introducti 1.5 PHP syntax rules
PHP and its
1 on & 1.6 Data types and operators 20 6
applications.
Basic 1.7 Variable, constant and
Syntax operators
1.8 Decision Making control
statements: if, if-else,
nested if-else, switch,
break and continue
statement
1.9 Loop control structures:
while, do-while, for,
foreach

2.1. Array- How it differes  To understand

than traditional array the syntax and
use of array
2.2. Types of Arrays: with practical
Numeric, Associative and application in
Arrays Multi-dimensional, PHP.
and User- Accessing array elements  To learn how to
2 15 4
defined using foreach loop define a
Functions function. Also
2.3. User-defined function
to learn the use
2.4. Default Argument of default
2.5. Pass by value Vs Pass by argument in
reference function.

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Web Technology

3.1. Date and time functions:  To learn

date, checkdate, date_diff, important built-
date_parse, getdate, time, in functions
mktime available in
PHP, their
3.2. Array functions: count, syntax and use.
array_count_values,
array_key_exists,
array_push, array_search,
array_reverse,
array_unique,
array_values, in_array,
Built-in
3 array_walk, sort 30 8
Functions
3.3. String functions: explode,
implode, trim, md5,
str_contains, str_replace,
str_split, strcmp, strlen,
strops, strtolower,
strtoupper.
3.4. File functions: fopen,
fread, fwrite, fclose, copy,
file_exists, filesize,
mkdir, rmdir, unlink.

4.1. Session variable syntax  To understand

and its use the concept of
session variable
4.2. Cookie: Understanding and its
cookies, creating and applications.
deleting cookies  To understand
4.3. Form Elements: Textbox, the concept of
Text area, Password box, cookies and
Session,
Radio button, Check box, manage cookies
Cookie
Dropdown box, List box, in PHP.
4 and Form 20 6
File upload, Submit  To learn the
Submissio
button, Reset button. form creation
n in PHP
using different
4.4. Form submission and form elements.
validation
 To be able to
4.5. Uploading file using PHP submit and
validate the
form using
session
variable.

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Web Technology

5.1. Introduction to MySQL  To be able to

and PHPMyAdmin manage
MySQL
5.2. Database operations like database using
Database Insert, Update, Delete and PHP
Operation Select in PHP
5 MyAdmin. 15 4
s using
5.3. Introduction to web  To be able to
PHP
hosting perform various
database
operations
using PHP.
Total Hours 28

Suggested Specification Table with Hours

Distribution of Topics
According to Bloom’s
Unit Teaching
Chapter Name Taxonomy
No. Hours
R U App C E An
% % % % % %
1 PHP Introduction & Basic Syntax 6 30 30 30 - - 10
2 Arrays and User-defined Functions 4 20 30 30 - - 20
3 Built-in Functions 8 40 30 30 - - -
Session, Cookie and Form Submission in
4 6 20 20 30 10 10 10
PHP
5 Database Operations using PHP 4 20 20 20 20 10 10
Legends: R: Remembering U: Understanding
App: Applying C: Creating
E: Evaluating An: Analyzing
Textbooks
1. PHP: The Complete Reference by Steven Holzner, Latest Edition, McGrawHill
Education.
Reference Books
1. Learning PHP, MySQL, Javascript, CSS & HTML5 by Robin Nixon, Latest Edition,
O’Reilly’ Publication.
2. Head First PHP & MySQL: A Brain-Friendly Guide by Lynn Beighly, Latest Edition,
O’Reilly’ Publication.
3. PHP & MySQL Web Development by Laura Thomson, Luke Welling, Latest Edition,
Sams Publication.
Open Sources (Website, Video, Movie)
1. https://www.php.net/docs.php
2. https://www.w3schools.com/pHp/default.asp
3. https://www.codecademy.com/resources/docs/php
4. https://www.learn-php.org

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Web Technology

Introduction
Web Technology refers to the various tools and techniques that are utilized in the process of
communication between different types of devices over the internet. One of the elements of
this technology is web server which needs to be programmed in order to process the network
requests of the users and serve them with files also called web pages. PHP is the scripting
language, which is used to create such web pages. Learning of this course enables students to
develop dynamic web pages using PHP which leads to development of fully functional web
applications.

Objectives
 To learn the installation of environment necessary to prepare and run PHP programs.
 To learn the basic and advanced constructs of PHP language.
 To acquire knowledge about session and state management through session variables
and cookies.
 To be able to perform database operations using PHP.

Learning Outcome
 Student should be able to install essential environment to run PHP programs.
 Learn how databases work and how to design one, as well as how to use
PHPMyAdmin to work with MySQL.
 Learn different ways of connecting to MySQL through PHP, and how to create
tables, enter data, select data, change data, and delete data. Connect to SQL Server
and other data sources.
 Students would be able to use cookies to store some data in the browser and pass it
to the next request.
 Learn to make Static or Dynamic website and learn the basic concept of website
hosting.

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Web Technology

PHP Introduction &

Basic Syntax

Practical List
1. Installation of Wamp Server and basic trouble shooting.
2. Write a program to display a paragraph.
3. Write a program to store country name ‘India’ in a variable and display string
“I love India”.

Short Questions

Q. Bloom’s
Sample Questions
No. Taxonomy
1. Is PHP open source? Why? Remember
2. What is use of echo statement? Understand
3. Difference between echo and print statement. Remember
4. List out any two web servers used for PHP. Understand
5. Full form of WAMP & LAMP. Which Operating System suits
Understand
them?
6. What is function of Web Server? Remember

Long Questions

Q. Bloom’s
Sample Questions
No. Taxonomy
1. List arithmetic operators and explain any four. Remember
2. Explain relationship among Apache, MySQL & PHP. Understand
3. Explain looping structure in PHP. Remember
4. Explain comparison operators. Remember
5. Write standard PHP start & end tags. Remember
6. Write rules for PHP syntax. Remember
7. What is importance of PHP? Write down various features of PHP. Remember

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Web Technology

Essential Assignments

1. Write a program to find area of a circle.(define constant)

2. Write a program to find the largest number among three given numbers.
3. Write a program to find a factorial of a given numbers. Using loop control statement.
4. Write a program to find sum of 1 to 10 numbers using while loop and for statement.
5. List all data types of PHP. Explain any four.
6. Write a program to demonstrate use of = = and = = = operators.

Desirable Assignments

1. Write a program to declare variables, constants & state the usage of echo and print
statement.
2. Write a program to create an array and display in terms of key-value pair.

Activities

1. Make a simple calculator using switch case.

2. Create time table in PHP (Prepare timetable of your class). Use concept of
CELLSPACING & CELLPADDING.
3. Create a simple form that will show all the INPUT METHODS available in HTML.

Learning Outcomes

 Students will learn to install PHP and required tool (WAMP) for run the PHP Script.
 To learn basic of WAMP and run the simple program.
 To learn variable, constant, and operators in PHP.
 To learn decision making control statements available in PHP.
 To learn looping statements in PHP.

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Web Technology

Arrays and User-defined

Functions

Practical List
1. Write a program to perform arithmetic operation between two numbers using user-
defined function.
2. Write a program to declare and initialize an array to store book information like title,
author and publisher. Also write code to display the stored information.
3. Write a program to declare and initialize an array to store result of two students using
multi-dimensional array. Also write code to display the marks along with names of
students.

Short Questions

Q. Bloom’s
Sample Questions
No. Taxonomy
1. What is Array? Explain with example. Remember
2. Explain Numeric array with example. Remember
3. Explain user defined function with variable length argument. Remember
4. Explain passing by reference. Understand
5. Explain Associative array with example. Understand
6. Difference between pass by value and pass by reference. Understand
7. Which statement is used to return a value from user-defined function? Understand

Long Questions

Q. Bloom’s
No. Sample Questions Taxonomy
1. How PHP Array differs from traditional array? Understand
2. Explain types of array with example. Remember
3. Explain user defined functions in PHP. Remember
4. Explain default argument with example. Understand
5. Explain pass by value V/S pass by reference. Understand
6. Explain return statement using user define function. Remember

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Web Technology

Essential Assignments

1. Write a user-defined function in PHP to reverse the given string.

2. Write a PHP script to add and remove array elements.
3. Write a PHP script to demonstrate the concept of multi-dimensional array.
4. Write a PHP script to demonstrate the concept of associative array.

Desirable Assignments

1. Write a PHP program to find a number of elements present in an integer array which
are having exactly 2 digits.
2. Write a PHP script to find whether the entered number is Armstrong number or not.

Activities

1. Write a PHP Program to print Fibonacci Series.

2. Explain for-each statement with the example using concept of associative array.

Learning Outcomes

 To understand the syntax and use of array with practical application in PHP.
 To learn the syntax of user defined function in PHP and how to use it.
 To understand the difference between two data passing methods in user define function.

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Web Technology

Built-in Functions

Practical List

1. Write a program to demonstrate date and time functions.

2. Write a program to demonstrate array functions.
3. Write a program to demonstrate string functions.
4. Write a program to demonstrate file functions.

Short Questions

Q. Bloom’s
Sample Questions
No. Taxonomy
1. Explain any two date and time functions. Remember
2. Difference between built-in and user-defined function. Understand
3. List out built-in array functions. Remember
4. List out built-in String and file functions. Remember
5. What is use of mkdir() and rmdir() functions. Understand
6. Difference between string implode and explode function. Apply
7. Which function is used to reverse string and array in PHP? Remember
8. What is the use of array_key_exists() and array_walk() functions. Understand
9. Explain getdate() function. Apply
10. What are the use of trim function and strcmp function of string? Understand

Long Questions

Q. Bloom’s
Sample Questions
No. Taxonomy
1. List various string functions. Explain the following functions with
examples. Apply
 strcmp, md5, str_contains, str_replace, str_split, strlen
2. What is array? Explain following array function with example.
 count, sort, array_count_values, array_push, array_search, Apply
array_reverse, array_unique

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Web Technology

3. Explain following date and time functions with examples. Apply

 date, checkdate, getdate, time, mktime, date_diff, date_parse
4. Apply
What is file? Explain various file functions with examples.
 fopen, fread, fwrite, fclose, file_exists, filesize, mkdir

Essential Assignments
1. Explain following date and time functions.
 date_add, date_time_set
2. Explain following array functions.
 array_chunk, array_column, array_replace
3. Explain following string functions.
 str_repeat, strrev, strops
4. Explain following file functions.
 basename, copy, dirname

Activities

1. Write a PHP script using Date() and Time() functions.

2. Write a PHP script to demonstrate string functions in PHP.
3. Write a PHP script to demonstrate array functions in PHP.

Learning Outcomes

 To learn what is built-in function and how it is important in PHP.

 To learn important array functions in PHP.
 To learn various date and time functions.
 To learn built-in string functions that are important in PHP.
 To learn the concept of file and its various built-in functions.

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Web Technology

Session, Cookie and Form

Submission in PHP

Practical List

1. Write a program to demonstrate initialization and access of a session variable.

2. Write a program to initialize a cookie that expires after 1 hour.
3. Write a program to design a user registration form, validate it and display the user
inserted values.
4. Write a program to upload a file.

Short Questions

Q. Bloom’s
Sample Questions
No. Taxonomy
1. Differentiate Cookie and Session. Remember
2. Write advantages & disadvantages of session. Remember
3. Explain methods available for form submission in PHP. Remember
4. Compare the Checkbox and Radio Button. Remember
5. List methods available for form submission. Remember
6. What is the use of move_uploded_file() function? Understand
7. Explain setcookie() function. Apply

Long Questions

Q. Bloom’s
No. Sample Questions Taxonomy
1. Explain cookies method of data passing. Remember
2. Explain list box with a proper example. Remember
3. What is the session variable? Explain with an example. Remember
4. What is the cookie? Explain with example. Remember
5. How to get input through textarea and hidden field? Apply
6. Explain all file operations with examples. Apply
7. Explain following method to pass variables between pages using form Apply
collection.

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Web Technology

Essential Assignments

1. Write a program for the cookie that expires after 2 hours.

2. Write a program to create and delete the cookie.
3. Design a form with a list box and submit button.
4. Create a form with the help of all form elements.

1.
Desirable Assignments

1. Write a program for a cookie that expires after 3/4 hours.

2. Explain the session and design a login page using the session.

Activities

1. Design a simple registration form using Text Box, Radio button, check box, text area and
submit button.
2. Write a PHP code to create a login page for the user authentication and if user is valid
then create a session of the user and print the welcome message on another page.
3. Design a form that gets the name and age of the person and displays those values on
another page using the cookie also expires the cookie after one hour.

Learning Outcomes

 To understand the concept of session variable and its applications.

 To understand the concept of cookies and manage cookies in PHP.
 To learn the form creation using different form elements.
 To be able to submit and validate the form using session variable.

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Web Technology

Database Operations
using PHP

Practical List

1. Write a program to develop a secure login page.

2. Develop a simple application to Insert, Retrieve, Update and Delete data from database.

Short Questions

Q. Bloom’s
Sample Questions
No. Taxonomy
1. What is MySQL? Remember
2. List out different data types of MySQL? Remember
3. List all MySQL functions. Remember
4. Explain mysql_query() function. Remember
5. Explain mysql_select_db() function. Remember
6. Explain FIELD MODIFIER in MYSQL. Apply
7. Write a program to create database named DEMO in MySQL. Apply
8. Discuss the relationship between Apache, MySQL and PHP. Understand

Long Questions
Q. Bloom’s
No. Sample Questions Taxonomy
1. Explain different type of MySQL storage engines. Remember
2. Explain following function with an example: Apply
1) mysql_select_db
2) mysql_fetch_row
3. Explain mysql_connect() and mysql_query() function Apply
4. Write a short note on Website hosting using cPanel. Remember
5. Explain different data types (field types) of MySQL. Understand
6. Explain cPanel and Filezilla. Remember
7. Explain PHP error handling with an example. Understand

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Web Technology

Essential Assignments

1. Write a program for inserting a record into a table. Assume suitable database.
2. Write a program for deleting records from table. Assume suitable database.
3. Write a program to read student information like roll no_name, city, and mobile_no from
the student table and display all these in tabular format.

Desirable Assignments

1. Write a program to insert data in Employee table through HTML form. Fields of
Employee table (EmpId,EmpName,Department).
2. Write a program to display records from Customer_Master table (CustNo, name and
city). Assume suitable database.
3. Write a program to display records from LIBRARY_MASTER. Fields of
LIBRARY_MASTER table(Bookid, Bookname, Price).

Activities

1. Write a program to read information from the employee table (Eid, Ename, Salary, city).
And display all these information in tabular format on the output screen.

2. Write a program to display information in tabular format regarding Tour_package

table (PackageCode, PackageName, TotalDays, PackageCost, Discount) with one
more field Details. On clicking detail it should be displayed (DayNumber,
PlaceToVisit) in tabular form for the particular package from Package_detail table
(PackageCode, DayNumber, PlaceToVisit)

Learning Outcomes

 To be able to manage MySQL database using PHPMyAdmin.

 To be able to perform various database operations using PHP.

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 Quotes from Pioneers

“The advance of technology is based on making it fit in so that

you do not really even notice it, so it is part of everyday life.”
- Bill Gates, Co-Founder, Microsoft.

“Have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They

somehow already know what you truly want to become.
Everything else is secondary.”
- Steve Jobs, Co-Founder, Apple Inc.

“Success breeds complacency. Complacency breeds failure.

Only the paranoid survives.”
- Andy Grove, Former Chairman & CEO, Intel.

“If you are changing the world, you are working on important
things. You’re excited to get up in the morning.”
- Larry Page, Co-Founder, Google & Alphabet Inc.

“Progress is often equal to the difference between mind and

mindset.”
- N. R. Narayana Murthy, Chairman Emeritus, Infosys.

“The only way to learn new programming language is by

writing programs in it.”
- Dennis Ritchie, Co-Creator of C Programming.

“Success is achieved twice. Once in the mind and the second

time in the real world.”
- Azim Premji, Founder Chairman, Wipro.

“The digital world has power because it has dynamic

information, but it's important that we stay human instead of
being another machine sitting in front of a machine.”
- Pranav Mistry, President & CEO of STAR Labs.
 LJ Polytechnic

Offers Diploma in
❖ Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning ❖ Automobile Engineering
❖ Electronics & Communication Engineering ❖ Mechanical Engineering
❖ Cloud Computing & Big Data ❖ Information Technology
❖ Architectural Assistantship ❖ Computer Engineering
❖ Automation & Robotics ❖ Electrical Engineering
❖ Gaming & Animation ❖ Civil Engineering

[email protected]

www.ljku.edu.in

9687010057
9228010057

LJ Campus,
Near Sarkhej-Sanand Circle, Off. S. G. Road, Ahmedabad, Gujarat-382210