Image 1.

Prehistoric Venuses – Specifically focus on the Venus of Willendorf

The prehistoric era is divided into three periods: The Stone age, divided into
Paleolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic; The Bronze Age and The Iron Age.

In The Stone Age the human passed from living moving to one place to another
and hunting to stay in a place and cultivate food. This is the first period we
know there was art.From this period is well known small sculptures and huge
paintings.

The Bronze Age they had great advances with bronze. They discovered copper and tin alloy. With all
these thay started to make weapons using these materials. This period brings advances in art and
architecture. They invented the wheel and textil clothes. They start to organize society as we do, with
a government, and here start their religion.

The Iron Age, in this era they discovered metal, and with that they started to make tools and
weapons using it. This era finished with the discovery of writing.

The small statues belong to the Paleolithic Era, mainly the Upper Paleolithic in the estern Europe.
These were small and realistic statues made from clay or stone, and they represented big women
with her silhouette very highlighted.

The Venus of Willendorf is the most known and the oldest of these statues. It Is also named as
Woman of Willendorf or Nude Woman. It was made around 25.000 BC. It was found in Austria in
1908. Its excavation was led by Josef Szombathy. It is a figure of a fat woman with all her genitals
marked and big bobbies . It was made with oolitic limestone and painted with red ochre, this color
was removed when she was found.. Because of its height, 11 centimeters, It was usually moved by
hand. It can be a fertility statue, or good luck charm, or a mother goddess...

Kennedy, L. (2019, October 21). The Prehistoric Ages: How Humans Lived Before Written Records.
HISTORY. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from https://www.history.com/news/prehistoric-ages-timeline

Marek Červený (2022), Prehistoric Art

Art of the Western World, Google Slides. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1fK8LqueL67AtPz5GqMlITUxst6KtfJOD/edit#slide=id.p5

Paleolithic Period - Paleolithic art. (n.d.). Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://www.artsy.net/article/artsy-editorial-prehistoric-venus-figurines-mystify-experts-mystify-exp
erts

Venus of Willendorf | Characteristics, Image, & Facts. (n.d.). Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved
October 12, 2022, from https://www.britannica.com/topic/Venus-of-Willendorf

Weber, G. W. (2022, February 28). The microstructure and the origin of the Venus from Willendorf.
Nature. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-06799-z

Learn, J. (2021, March 5). What Did the Venus of Willendorf Originally Represent? Discover
Magazine. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://www.discovermagazine.com/planet-earth/what-did-the-venus-of-willendorf-originally-repres
ent

Image 2.
The Law Code of Hammurabi, Cuneiform writing
Mesopotamia is a civilization which has the most important advances of
society, such as writing, the wheel or the first laws as we know. It is located
between the years 3600 and 331 BC. If we divide this word in Meso that is
between and potamia that means river we have its location, between the rivers
Tigris and Euphrates. Mesopotamia is a mix of different cultures and religions,
as Sumerian, Babylonian, Assyrian and Persian. In this period the

people start to stay to live in a place and to cultivate their own food and to raise their animals.

The origin of cuneiform writing in the Sumerian period (2800 – 2300 BC) is the oldest writing in the
world. It is rated as the most important contribution of semerian people. Cuneiform is not a
language, it´s formed by 600 and 1000 characters. It is written in clay. To write they used a reed. The
word cunei comes from the latin word cunneus, which means wedge, because of the form of the
characters. In the first tablets there was writing administration work.

The Law Code of Hammurabi, was ordered to be made by the king Hammurabi, king of Babylon. It
was written in the year 1780 BC. It was written on a huge black stone pillar. It is formed by 51
columns. Is the first tricky set of laws. It includes 282 rules that create a model in trade and justice, It
also has rules about family, criminal and civil war. It was discovered in 1901 by Jacques de Morgan in
Persia. It was broken in three parts, which you can find in the Louvre Museum.
Marek Červený (2022), Art of Mesopotamia and Egypt. Google Slides. Retrieved October 12, 2022
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1M1ZkFco6YspKiKTWu5J8v4LnO-uJHJ0O/edit#slide=id.p1

History.com Editors. (2021, September 9). Mesopotamia. HISTORY. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-middle-east/mesopotamia

Mark, J. J. (2022, October 10). Mesopotamia. World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved October 12,
2022, from https://www.worldhistory.org/Mesopotamia/

Mesopotamia | National Geographic Society. (n.d.). Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/resource-library-mesopotamia/

TimeMaps. (2021, June 11). Ancient Mesopotamia: Civilization and History. Retrieved October 12,
2022, from https://www.timemaps.com/civilizations/ancient-mesopotamia/

cuneiform - Hittite and other languages. (n.d.). Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved October 12, 2022,
from https://www.britannica.com/topic/cuneiform/Hittite-and-other-languages

How to write cuneiform. (n.d.). The British Museum. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://www.britishmuseum.org/blog/how-write-cuneiform

Mark, J. J. (2022a, October 9). Cuneiform. World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved October 12, 2022,
from https://www.worldhistory.org/cuneiform/

Cuneiform (article) | Ancient Near East. (n.d.). Khan Academy. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ancient-art-civilizations/ancient-near-east1/the-ancient-
near-east-an-introduction/a/cuneiform

TimeMaps. (2021b, June 11). Ancient Mesopotamia: Civilization and History. Retrieved October 12,
2022, from https://www.timemaps.com/civilizations/ancient-mesopotamia/

History.com Editors. (2021a, September 9). Code of Hammurabi. HISTORY. Retrieved October 12,
2022, from https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/hammurabi

Code of Hammurabi | Summary & History. (2022, August 31). Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved
October 12, 2022, from https://www.britannica.com/topic/Code-of-Hammurabi
Image 3.
The Pyramids – General information + The Pyramid of Zoser
It is located in the oasis of the Nile River. Its period is divided into
Old Kingdom, Middle Kingdom and New Kingdom. In 3332 they
were conquered by Alexander the Great, and after that in 30 BC
they were conquered by the romans. Their kings were called
pharaon and they had 30 dynasties. They were

polytheistic, one of the most important goods was Osiris, god of the subworld, this is because they
believed in a better life before the dead. For that reason they had a lot of ceremonies after the death,
such as mummifying the body.

The pyramids were built for the pharaohs to have a place where they put their body and all their
important belongings. The first pyramids were built around 3000 BC. But the monument before the
pyramids were the mastabas. It was a rectangular building with diagonally walls and a flat roof. The
pyramids take this model and they put 6 mastaba one above the other, but the mastaba were getting
smaller and smaller .

The king Djoser's was the first one to build a step pyramid, The Pyramid of Zoser, located in Saqqara.
He belonged to the third dynasty. It was constructed around 2650 BC. It started like a mastaba. It is
the first pyramid built by stone. This structure covered the corridors in which there is the tomb, it has
many corridors and only in one there is the tomb. At the end of its construction this was the highest
building in the world. It was designed by Imhotep, one of the most important architects of history.
Around the pyramid there are other monuments forming a complex, formed by the House of the
North, the House of the South, the Serdab, the Heb Sed Court, the South Tomb, Temple T, and the
Northern Mortuary Temple.

Marek Červený (2022),Art of Mesopotamia and Egypt, Google Slides: . Retrieved October 12, 2022,
from

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1M1ZkFco6YspKiKTWu5J8v4LnO-uJHJ0O/edit#slide=id.p26

History.com Editors. (2021c, October 14). Ancient Egypt. HISTORY. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/ancient-egypt

Jarus, O. (2021, December 15). Ancient Egypt: History, dynasties, religion and writing.
livescience.com. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://www.livescience.com/55578-egyptian-civilization.html

Pyramids | National Geographic Society. (n.d.). Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/pyramids/

The Egyptian Pyramid. (n.d.). Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://www.si.edu/spotlight/ancient-egypt/pyramid

Jarus, O. (2022, June 29). Step Pyramid of Djoser: Egypt’s first Pyramid. livescience.com. Retrieved
October 12, 2022, from https://www.livescience.com/23050-step-pyramid-djoser.html

The Step Pyramid Complex of Djoser. (n.d.). Discover Egypt’s Monuments - Ministry of Tourism and
Antiquities. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://egymonuments.gov.eg/monuments/step-pyramid-of-djoser/

Mark, J. J. (2022b, October 9). The Step Pyramid of Djoser at Saqqara. World History Encyclopedia.
Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://www.worldhistory.org/article/862/the-step-pyramid-of-djoser-at-saqqara/

Forbes, M. (2021, October 18). The Djoser Pyramid In Egypt: 10 Facts on The First Pyramid.
TheCollector. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from https://www.thecollector.com/step-pyramid-djoser/

Image 4.
The Egyptian Painting Style- Describe this specific image
including its meaning.
It is located in the oasis of the Nile River. Its
period is divided into Old Kingdom, Middle
Kingdom and New Kingdom. In 3332 they
were conquered by Alexander the Great, and
after that in 30 BC they were conquered by
the romans. Their kings were called pharaon
and they had 30 dynasties. They were
polytheistic, one of the most important

goods was Osiris, god of the subworld, this is because they believed in a better life before the dead.
For that reason they had a lot of ceremonies after the death, such as mummifying the body.
The paintings of Egyptian art are in two dimensions. They used parallel lines to divide one scene
from another. They used the hieratic perspective. They painted the head and legs sideways, while
the upper body and eye were painted looking ahead. They were painted in stone and papyrus. The
main topic of these paintings is the afterlife. Pigments were made of minerals. They used the
symbolism to transmit a message, for example to show that someone is a god they used the gold
and the color blue because they were a precious material .
This painting is The Book of the Dead, dated 1275 BC, specifically the Papyrus of Ani. It is a
collection of different texts that talk about death. The Egyptians put this book in their tombs
because they thought that this will bring luck in the other life. This image represents Ani´s
judgment. As you can see in the middle of the image there is a balance where Ani puts her heart
(left) and on the other side there is a feather, which represents Maat, the god of truth and order.
The baboon, that is on the balance, represents the god Thoth who has a role in another part of the
trial.

Marek Červený (2022),Art of Mesopotamia and Egypt, Google Slides: . Retrieved October 12, 2022,
from

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1M1ZkFco6YspKiKTWu5J8v4LnO-uJHJ0O/edit#slide=id.p26

History.com Editors. (2021d, October 14). Ancient Egypt. HISTORY. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/ancient-egypt

Jarus, O. (2021b, December 15). Ancient Egypt: History, dynasties, religion and writing.
livescience.com. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://www.livescience.com/55578-egyptian-civilization.html

Principles of Egyptian art. (n.d.). RSC Education. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://edu.rsc.org/resources/principles-of-egyptian-art/1622.article

McLean, J. (n.d.). Ancient Egyptian Art | World Civilization. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-hccc-worldcivilization/chapter/ancient-egyptian-art/

Egyptian Art: Types, Characteristics, History. (n.d.). Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/ancient-art/egyptian.htm

Book of the Dead | ancient Egyptian text. (2022, September 13). Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved
October 12, 2022, from https://www.britannica.com/topic/Book-of-the-Dead-ancient-Egyptian-text

Papyrus | British Museum. (n.d.). The British Museum. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/Y_EA10470-3
Image 5.
The Egyptian Art, King Akhenaten and Queen Nefertiti
It is located in the oasis of the Nile River. Its period is divided into
Old Kingdom, Middle Kingdom and New Kingdom. In 3332 they
were conquered by Alexander the Great, and after that in 30 BC
they were conquered by the romans. Their kings were called
pharaon and they had 30 dynasties. They were polytheistic, one of
the most important goods was Osiris, god of

the subworld, this is because they believed in a better life before the dead. For that reason they had a
lot of ceremonies after the death, such as mummifying the body.

There are two types of relief in Egypt, the sunk relief, which is a shape that comes out from the wall,
and a low relief, that is a drill in the wall. After doing the form they painted the image. These reliefs
were done to decorate the tombs.

This image is a sunk relief. It is called King Akhenaten and Queen Nefertiti with their childrens. It is a
little pedestal created to have at home on a pedestal. It is made of limestone.They used the hieratic
perspective. In it you can see the king, the queen and their three daughters, under the sun, which
represents the god Aten. They wanted to represent the long life of the king, queen and childrens.
They used the hieratic perspective.

Marek Červený (2022),Art of Mesopotamia and Egypt, Google Slides: . Retrieved October 12, 2022,
from

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1M1ZkFco6YspKiKTWu5J8v4LnO-uJHJ0O/edit#slide=id.p26

Materials and techniques in ancient Egyptian art (article). (n.d.). Khan Academy. Retrieved October
12, 2022, from
https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ancient-art-civilizations/egypt-art/beginners-guide-egypt
/a/materials-techniques

Ancient Egypt: What a Relief! (n.d.). ART PEDAGOGY. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://www.artpedagogy.com/primary_egypt.html

JOY of MUSEUMS. (2020, April 22). Akhenaten and Nefertiti with their Children –. Joy of Museums
Virtual Tours. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://joyofmuseums.com/museums/europe/germany-museums/berlin-museums/neues-museum/
masterpieces-of-the-neues-museum/akhenaten-and-nefertiti-with-their-children/

Unknown, A. (n.d.). House altar: Akhenaten, Nefertiti and their three daughters under the
Strahlenaton - Artist unknown. Google Arts & Culture. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/house-altar-akhenaten-nefertiti-and-their-three-daughters-
under-the-strahlenaton-artist-unknown/aAHTtvV7GG3L3Q

Image 6.
Cycladic sculpture, Idols – General description, not image specific
The Cycladic culture was developed in a group of islands in the southwestern Aegean
sea. These islands were rich in minerals. This culture is divided into periods. Early
Cycladic, it is also divided into three phases: Grotta-Pelos (3200- 2800 BC) and
Keros-Syros ( 2800– 2300 B.C) and the Phylakopi I phase (2300-2000 BC).

These sculptures are made from marble, it is also named as idols figures. We don't know
their purpose because they were found in different places, some experts think that they
were idols and others think that they were dolls. small.
There are different types of sculptures. The schematic figures are the most common. It has
a flat profile, with a no defined head. The naturalistic figures are small, with long necks and bodies.
The Pelos type figures have a no define sex, and the most well konw are the violin shaped. The
femenine figures, they are naked and their arms are crossed in their belly. There are also sculptures
of heads, these have elongated faces.

To make all these sculptures they used a small block of marble and with a sharp object they created
the figure. It was an extremely frustrating process, but the result was amazing. They were colored to
highlight the important characteristics of the sculpture.

Department of Greek and Roman Art. (2004, October 12). Early Cycladic Art and Culture. The
Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/ecyc/hd_ecyc.htm
Koletsis, T. (n.d.). The Cycladic civilization. This Page and All Its Contents Are Copyright © 2007-today,
Greek-Thesaurus.gr. All Rights Reserved. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://www.greek-thesaurus.gr/cycladic-civilization.html

Hall, H. (2008, March 8). Another thing: A Female Mystery - Cycladic Figurines. Peter Sommer Travels.
Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://www.petersommer.com/blog/archaeology-history/cycladic-figurines

Cycladic Art – A Look at the Marble Figures and Sculptures of This Era. (2022, April 13).
artincontext.org. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from https://artincontext.org/cycladic-art/

Cycladic - Museum of Antiquities - Arts and Science - University of Saskatchewan. (n.d.). Retrieved
October 12, 2022, from
https://artsandscience.usask.ca/antiquities/collections/items/greek-items/cycladic-sculpture/cycladi
c.php

Image 7.
Classical Greek Architecture – General description +
specifically The Parthenon
Greek culture was born in the IX- VII century BC. Greek history
is divided into four periods: the Archaic period (VII-475 BC). In
this period the architectural styles start to develop. The
classic period (475-323) is the period between the war and
the death of Carlo Magno. In this period they developed the
first clasicism, the second classicism and
postclassic period. The Hellenistic period is when Greece shares its architectural knowledge and
finally is absorbed by the Romans.

In Greek architecture there exist classical orders Doric, Ionic and Corinthian. They used the marble for
their constructions. Their monuments aren't as huge as the Egyptian ones, because they preferred
the proportion. The ground plan of the monuments is rectangular. Its purpose is to have a place
where they can have the sculpture of one god. Inside there is a rectangular throne room or naos
where the statue of the god was located. At the front was an arcade and behind was an
opisthodomos. Surrounding the naos was a corridor surrounded by columns. The temples were
polychromatic with sculptures as decoration.
The Parthenon is the most important temple of Greek architecture. Pericles ordered it to be built. It is
located in Athens in its acropolis. His main facade is oriented to the east, facing away from the main
entrance. It is located at the highest point of the hill. It is located near the Erechtheion and Athena
Nike. Its classical style is the doric. The architrave is plain, in the frieze there is a rotation between
triglyph and metope; and in the cornice there are sculptures located in the end. Above the cornice
there is the pediment. It is separated from the opistodomo by a wall. In the center of the naos there
was the sculpture of the goddess Athena, made by Fideas.

Tur, T. J. R., García, P. M., & Subirana, T. X. (2015, August 31). HISTORIA DEL ARTE BACHILLERATO
AULA 3D (1st ed.). Editorial Vicens Vives.
Ana de Lucio- Villegas Soler, (2019) Tema 1 en arte Griego. Google Drive. Retrieved October 12,
2022, from
https://doc-0o-3c-apps-viewer.googleusercontent.com/viewer/secure/pdf/n9056l5e1p3r1r57gjiimcu
mspqjjl1n/3q837okbap17o6da618ian90rstuo6b7/1665601575000/drive/05741069524725868796/A
CFrOgBgpwstCQx0dBmiwO9CqeGsFXOCMCYqlHGjhlJd8cMETsZyloxAiQs_3xrIdb9f4MU85vKwOkZyB-A
7uIgjYGXlSnzbWTixnLF0gerkLFc3s5zRbPqRLfs-MD3IiM33kJAFg4s6ZgihPNIC?print=true&nonce=j1v4di
vn9sa70&user=05741069524725868796&hash=3oeeptps6rekqvnfkmfodog5i8kodaf6ç

Image 8.
Kouros of Tenea
Greek culture was born in the IX- VII century BC. Greek history is
divided into four periods: the Archaic period (VII-475 BC). In this
period the architectural styles start to develop. The classic period
(475-323) is the period between the war and the death of Carlo
Magno. In this period they developed the first clasicism, the second
classicism and
postclassic period. The Hellenistic period is when Greece shares its
architectural knowledge and finally is absorbed by the Romans.
This statue belongs to the archaic period. It is the representation of athletes winners. These statues
are rigid, have long hair, within an expressionless face and almond eyes. These types of statues are
called Kouros (men) and kore (women). There are less women statues. These statues are made by
white marble and bronze.

The Kouros of Tenea was discovered in 1846 near Corinth. It was sculpted in 560 BC. This was a
funerary statue. This statute stands up rigidly, with one foot, the left one, forward. His weight is
equally distributed in both legs. The hands tighten his hips. He looks ahead with his almond eyes and
“archaic smile”. He has long and curly hair. This statue shows archaic idealism and not naturalism.

Ana de Lucio- Villegas Soler, (2019) Tema 1 en arte Griego. Google Drive. Retrieved October 12,
2022, from
https://doc-0o-3c-apps-viewer.googleusercontent.com/viewer/secure/pdf/n9056l5e1p3r1r57gjiimcu
mspqjjl1n/3q837okbap17o6da618ian90rstuo6b7/1665601575000/drive/05741069524725868796/A
CFrOgBgpwstCQx0dBmiwO9CqeGsFXOCMCYqlHGjhlJd8cMETsZyloxAiQs_3xrIdb9f4MU85vKwOkZyB-A
7uIgjYGXlSnzbWTixnLF0gerkLFc3s5zRbPqRLfs-MD3IiM33kJAFg4s6ZgihPNIC?print=true&nonce=j1v4di
vn9sa70&user=05741069524725868796&hash=3oeeptps6rekqvnfkmfodog5i8kodaf6ç
Tur, T. J. R., García, P. M., & Subirana, T. X. (2015, August 31). HISTORIA DEL ARTE BACHILLERATO
AULA 3D (1st ed.). Editorial Vicens Vives.
Kuros von Tenea | bavarikon. (n.d.). Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:SAG-DDD-00000B3D00000037?view=meta
Kouros from Tenea. (n.d.). Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://digital.library.cornell.edu/catalog/ss:172855
Image 9.
Praxiteles, Aphrodite of Knidos
Greek culture was born in the IX- VII century BC. Greek history is divided
into four periods: the Archaic period (VII-475 BC). In this period the
architectural styles start to develop. The classic period (475-323) is the
period between the war and the death of Carlo Magno. In this period they
developed the first clasicism, the second classicism and
postclassic period. The Hellenistic period is when Greece shares its
architectural knowledge and finally is absorbed by the Romans.

The artist that made this statue was Praxiteles in 4 century BC. It is his best known statue. This statue
represents Aphrodite goddess and shows when she is coming out from the bathroom with her
towel. This was the first statue of a naked woman. This statue was created to be in the Aphrodite
temple in Knidos. This statue created the female canon of a naked body. The figure has a
contrapposto position, the weight is on the left leg. It is made of marble.

This statue is a copy made by the Romans, because the original was destroyed. This statue was judge
as erotic work despite it doesn´t show explicit content. Praxiteles sculpted two different statues, in
one she was naked while in the other one she was wearing clothes.

Aphrodite of Knidos Statue – Analyzing This Classical Female Sculpture. (2022, May
6). artincontext.org. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://artincontext.org/aphrodite-of-knidos-statue/

Ana de Lucio- Villegas Soler, (2019) Tema 1 en arte Griego. Google Drive. Retrieved October 12,
2022, from
https://doc-0o-3c-apps-viewer.googleusercontent.com/viewer/secure/pdf/n9056l5e1p3r1r57gjiimcu
mspqjjl1n/3q837okbap17o6da618ian90rstuo6b7/1665601575000/drive/05741069524725868796/A
CFrOgBgpwstCQx0dBmiwO9CqeGsFXOCMCYqlHGjhlJd8cMETsZyloxAiQs_3xrIdb9f4MU85vKwOkZyB-A
7uIgjYGXlSnzbWTixnLF0gerkLFc3s5zRbPqRLfs-MD3IiM33kJAFg4s6ZgihPNIC?print=true&nonce=j1v4di
vn9sa70&user=05741069524725868796&hash=3oeeptps6rekqvnfkmfodog5i8kodaf6ç
Tur, T. J. R., García, P. M., & Subirana, T. X. (2015, August 31). HISTORIA DEL ARTE BACHILLERATO
AULA 3D (1st ed.). Editorial Vicens Vives.
Statue of the Aphrodite of Knidos. (n.d.). The Art Institute of Chicago. Retrieved
October 12, 2022, from
https://www.artic.edu/artworks/61600/statue-of-the-aphrodite-of-knidos
Aphrodite of Knidos. (n.d.). Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://www.brown.edu/Departments/Joukowsky_Institute/courses/greekpast/4811
.html
Aphrodite of Knidos | Museum of Classical Archaeology Databases. (n.d.). Retrieved
October 12, 2022, from
https://museum.classics.cam.ac.uk/collections/casts/aphrodite-knidos-0

Image 10.
Hellenistic art – General description + specific sculpture of
Laokoon and his two sons
The Helenistic period is the last one before Rome conquered Greece. It
started with the death of Carlo Magno. During this period Greek art was
spread all around the world. Athens is the center of Greek life. After
Alexander's death they divided the territory in three different parts. One
was the Seleucids of Syria and Persia, another was formed by the Ptolemies
of Egypt and the last one was the Antigonids of Greece and Macedonia.

This statue was created in Rhodes on an island. The artists try to copy classical art.
The sculpture characteristics of the Hellenistic period are the following ones: they
wanted to transmit movement, they wanted expressive and exaggerated movement.
The sculptures have to look as real as possible, especially in anatomy, they were
inspired by real postures. The artist centers all his attention on the details.

This statue was sculpted by Agesandro, Polidoro and Atenodoro, in Rome in th 50

BC. Thi is representing the punishment that Apolo gave to the priest for offending
him. The punishment was given to the priest. The punishment was sending him a
snake that will struggle him. With the representation of the movement and the
expressions we can see the suffering of the priest.
Ana de Lucio- Villegas Soler, (2019) Tema 1 en arte Griego. Google Drive. Retrieved October 12,
2022, from
https://doc-0o-3c-apps-viewer.googleusercontent.com/viewer/secure/pdf/n9056l5e1p3r1r57gjiimcu
mspqjjl1n/3q837okbap17o6da618ian90rstuo6b7/1665601575000/drive/05741069524725868796/A
CFrOgBgpwstCQx0dBmiwO9CqeGsFXOCMCYqlHGjhlJd8cMETsZyloxAiQs_3xrIdb9f4MU85vKwOkZyB-A
7uIgjYGXlSnzbWTixnLF0gerkLFc3s5zRbPqRLfs-MD3IiM33kJAFg4s6ZgihPNIC?print=true&nonce=j1v4di
vn9sa70&user=05741069524725868796&hash=3oeeptps6rekqvnfkmfodog5i8kodaf6ç
Tur, T. J. R., García, P. M., & Subirana, T. X. (2015, August 31). HISTORIA DEL ARTE BACHILLERATO
AULA 3D (1st ed.). Editorial Vicens Vives.
History.com Editors. (2021e, November 18). Hellenistic Greece. HISTORY. Retrieved October 12, 2022,
from https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/hellenistic-greece
Hellenistic History. (n.d.). Hellenistic History. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://www.hellenistichistory.com
Richman-Abdou, K. (2020, September 8). How the Natural Beauty of Hellenistic Sculpture Has
Captivated the World for Centuries. My Modern Met. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from
https://mymodernmet.com/what-is-hellenistic-sculpture-history/

Ana de Lucio- Villegas Soler