RRL and RRS (Group 5)

Review of Related Literature
A. Foreign Literature
Thomas and Rita (2002), studied the “Job Satisfaction Among Nurses: a
predictor of burnout levels”, that the main objective was to assessed the impact of
differential levels of job satisfaction such as environmental factors of the workplace.
The study used Maslach Burn out Inventory (MBI) to measure emotional exhaustion,
depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. The job satisfaction scale of Katzell
et. Al was used to measure overall job satisfaction. The study shows that job
satisfaction has a significant direct negative effect on emotional exhaustion, whereas
emotional exhaustion has a direct positive effect on depersonalization. A significant
indirect effect was seen of job satisfaction on depersonalization via exhaustion. The
path coefficient shows that job satisfaction has both direct and indirect effects on
burnout, confirming job satisfaction as a significant predictor of burnout.
According to Al- Haroon and Al-Qahtani (2019), studied the “The

demographic predictors of job satisfaction among the nurses of a major public hospital
in KSA”. Accordingly, this study aimed to examine nurses levels of job satisfaction
and the impact of key demographic variables on this variable. The Minnesota
Satisfaction Questionnaire short form was completed by a sample of 382 nurses
who had been recruited using systematic random sampling. The data were entered
into Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) spreadsheets and analyzed using
SPSS version 22. Demographic differences in mean satisfaction scores were
examined using independent-samples t-test and analysis of variance. Based on the
findings of this study, Out of a total of 382 nurses who were invited to participate in
this study, 337 responded, and almost 85% of them were Saudi nationals. Overall,
48% of the participants were satisfied, and only 22% of them were dissatisfied with
their jobs. The participants were more satisfied with intrinsic than with extrinsic
factors of a job.
B. Local Literature
Legaspi (2021), examine the “A Comparison of Job Satisfaction among

Filipino Nurses Employed in the Philippines and Overseas”, that the main objective
Is to examine the level of general, intrinsic, and extrinsic job satisfaction of Filipino
nurses employed locally and overseas. It identified the major motivators and problems
that affect their job satisfaction. The Mann-Whitney U Test was used to determine the
significant difference in the level of satisfaction among the two groups. Answers on
the open-ended questions were used to validate the quantitative data. Results: The
results showed that Filipino nurses employed both locally and overseas have an
average level of general satisfaction. Both groups also showed a high degree of
intrinsic satisfaction and an average degree of extrinsic satisfaction. There is no
significant difference found in the level of general, intrinsic, and extrinsic job
satisfaction of locally and overseas employed Filipino nurses.
Pinamang et al., (2019) studied the “Psychosocial well-being and Job

Satisfaction among Nurses in the Philippines” this study aims to examine the
relationship between psychosocial well-being and job satisfaction. It examines the
significant difference in psychological well-being and job satisfaction when
considering age. It rejects the null hypothesis that there is no significant relationship
between psychological well-being and job satisfaction of nurses. The result of the
study is supported by Shoorovazi, Dalir, Atefi, Tohidi, and Forouhari, (2016) which
posits that an increase psychosocial well-being increases job satisfaction that
eventually leads to increase in the quality of health care services received by clients.
Review of related studies
A. Foreign Studies
Lorber and Skela-Savi (2012), studied the “Job satisfaction of nurses and
identifying factors of job satisfaction in Slovenian Hospitals” This study examined the
correlation between independent variables and the dependent variable (job
satisfaction, satisfaction with the work, coworkers, management, pay, etc.) The main
focus of the study is to determine the level of job satisfaction of nursing professionals
in Slovenian hospitals and factors influencing job satisfaction in nursing. There were
750 questionnaires distributed, two survey questionnaires with 154 closed-type items
each were used, one for leaders and one for other employees in nursing. Which
amounts to 26.8% of 2802 employees in nursing in Slovenian hospitals that
participated in the study and 8% of 9404 employees in nursing in all Slovenian
hospitals. They found a medium level of job satisfaction in both leaders and
employees; however, there was a significant difference between their estimates. Job
satisfaction was explained by age, years of employment, personal characteristics of
leaders, and managerial competencies of leaders in 46% of cases. The factor analysis
yielded four factors explaining 64% of the total job satisfaction variance.
Indicated by the study of Al Yahyaei and Asma S, (2014) “Job satisfaction of

registered nurses in Muscat, Sultanate of Oman” the purpose of this study is to
determine the level of job satisfaction of Registered nurses in Muscat and
relationships to Herzberg's motivation and hygiene factors. A descriptive, non
experimental research design was used. The Work Quality Index and a demographic
survey were given to 202 registered nurses at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital
(SQUH) and Royal Hospital (RH) in Muscat. The data was collected over three weeks
and was analyzed, using descriptive statistic, t-test, ANOVA for independent mean,
and correlation statistics as appropriate. The results indicate that nurses in the two
hospitals had a moderate level of job satisfaction. It also proves that motivation
factors and hygiene factors are significantly correlated with job satisfaction, meaning
that the fulfillment of both types of factors determines the overall job satisfaction of
the nurses.
B. Local Studies
Nimako et al. (2019), they examined the “Psychosocial well-being and Job
Satisfaction among Nurses in the Philippines” The main objective of this study was to
examine the relationship between psychological health and job satisfaction as well as
the significant age-related differences in these variables. A correlational design is
used to examine the psychosocial well-being and job satisfaction among registered
nurses in the Philippines. The study utilized purposive sampling to sample 100 nurses
among selected hospitals. The inclusion criteria for the respondents are graduates of
BSN program and an RN. The exclusion criteria for the respondents are a nurse
supervisor and nurse administrators nursing attendants”, At a 95% confidence
interval, the relationship between psychosocial well-being and work satisfaction
indicated a minor significant positive connection. This suggests that nurses'
psychological well-being correlates with their job satisfaction.
Sapar and Oducado (2021) studid the “Revisiting Job Satisfaction and
Intention to Stay: A Cross-Sectional Study among Hospital Nurses in the Philippines”
This study's objective was to review and evaluate nurses' job satisfaction and intend to
remain in two particular hospitals in the Philippines. A sample of 120 nurses in a
public and private hospital in the Philippines responded to the Job Satisfaction Survey
and Intent to Stay Scale questionnaires. According to the findings (58.3%) of the
nurses were neither satisfied nor dissatisfied with their job. Also, nurses intended to
neither stay nor quit in their workplace with only a few (9.2%) had high intention to
stay. Nurses were most satisfied in terms of the nature of their job but were
dissatisfied with the fringe benefits and operating conditions at work. Nurses in the
public hospital and those with higher salaries had significantly higher intentions
GROUP 5:
Pamintuan, Ajeay M.
Arancis, Ivan
Benitez, Richard
Velasco, Aron
Deang, Russel
Ayuro, Rhonnel
Cortez, Ezekiel

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Review of Related Literature

According to Al- Haroon and Al-Qahtani (2019), studied the “The

Legaspi (2021), examine the “A Comparison of Job Satisfaction among

Pinamang et al., (2019) studied the “Psychosocial well-being and Job

Review of related studies

Indicated by the study of Al Yahyaei and Asma S, (2014) “Job satisfaction of

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