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Gec 1 - Midterm (Chapter 4.1)

This document provides instruction on gathering and organizing data in mathematics. It discusses different types of variables like independent, dependent, and control variables. Categorical and continuous data are also explained, along with nominal, ordinal, ratio, and interval scales. Methods for presenting data are covered, including textual, tabular, and graphical formats. Frequency distributions are defined as showing how data is partitioned among categories. Steps for constructing frequency tables are outlined, including ungrouped and grouped formats. An activity requires students to make frequency tables from family member data and test score data.

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Polane Gumiran
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37 views23 pages

Gec 1 - Midterm (Chapter 4.1)

This document provides instruction on gathering and organizing data in mathematics. It discusses different types of variables like independent, dependent, and control variables. Categorical and continuous data are also explained, along with nominal, ordinal, ratio, and interval scales. Methods for presenting data are covered, including textual, tabular, and graphical formats. Frequency distributions are defined as showing how data is partitioned among categories. Steps for constructing frequency tables are outlined, including ungrouped and grouped formats. An activity requires students to make frequency tables from family member data and test score data.

Uploaded by

Polane Gumiran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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GEC 1

Mathematics in the Modern World

MA’AM POLANE S. GUMIRAN


MATHEMATICS AS A TOOL
CHAPTER
 GATHERING AND
ORGANIZING OF DATA
 MEASURES OF CENTRAL
TENDENCY
 MEASURES OF RELATIVE
POSITION
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
1. Study the lesson carefully given in the
courseware.
2. Always check the GEC 1- Mathematics in our
Modern World page for important updates.
3. Submit your outputs on time.
4. AVOID COPYING your answers from the
internet or your classmates. Copied answers
will get a 50% grade equivalent to failed.
GATHERING AND ORGANIZING DATA

What is data?
Data are the quantities (numbers) or
qualities (attributes) measured or observed that
are to be collected and/or analyzed.
The two categories of data are categorical
and continuous data.
TWO CATEGORIES OF DATA

1. Categorical Data
 These are the nominal and ordinal scales.

Nominal scales
 It consist of finite set of possible values having
no particular order.
Example: gender, mode of transportation,
nationality, occupation and civil status
TWO CATEGORIES OF DATA
Ordinal scale
 Is a set of possible values having a specific
order.
Example: pain level, social status, attitude
towards the subject

2. Continuous data
 These are the ratio and interval scales.
TWO CATEGORIES OF DATA
Ratio scales
 The quantitative relation between two amounts
showing the number of times one value contains or is
contained within the other.
Example: The ratio of men’s jobs to women’s is 8:1
Interval scales
 These are measured on the continuum and
differences between any two numbers on the scale.
Example: temperature, tons of garbage, number of
arrests, income and age.
GATHERING AND ORGANIZING DATA

What is variable?
A variable is a characteristic or condition
that can change or take on different values.
Most research begins with a general
question about the relationship between two
variables for a specific group of individuals.
The three common variables are
independent variables, dependent variables and
control variables.
THE THREE COMMON VARIABLES

1. Independent variables
 it is the X or also called as explanatory variables.
These may be continuous, nominal or ordinal.
2. Dependent variables
 It is the Y or also called as the response variable.

3. Control variables
 It is the z variables.
OTHER CLASIFICATION OF VARIABLES

1. Quantitative variable
 One that can be measured and ordered
according to quantity.
 It may be a discrete or continuous variable.

Discrete variable– includes the finite or


countable finite.
Continuous variable – covers the values in an
interval of real number line.
HOW TO PRESENT A DATA?

The data may be presented in textual,


tabular, graphical or a combination of these.
1. Textual presentation
 Uses statements with
numerals in order to
describe the data for
the concrete
information and in
expository form.
HOW TO PRESENT A DATA?

2. Tabular presentation

 Uses statistical table


to directly display the
quantities or values
collected as data.
HOW TO PRESENT A DATA?
2. Graphical presentation
 Illustrates data in a form
of graphs aiding readers
to understand the text
easily.
 It is the most attractive,
effective and convincing
way in presenting data.
 Example various types of
graphs are bar graph,
circle graph, and line
graph.
GATHERING AND ORGANIZING DATA

Take note: The gathered data should be properly


organized in to grouped data called frequency
distribution.
What is frequency distribution?
 Shows how a data set is partitioned among all
of several categories (or classes) by listing all
the frequency or number of occurrence of value
in each of them.
 It indicates how often something occurs.
HOW TO CONSTRUCT A FREQUENCY TABLE
DISTRIBUTION?

Step 1: Make a table with two columns- one with


the title of the data you are organizing
and the other column will be for
frequency. (Draw three columns if you want
to add tally marks too.)
Categories Frequency Categories Tally Frequency
marks
HOW TO CONSTRUCT A FREQUENCY TABLE
DISTRIBUTION?

Step 2: Look at the items written in the data and


decide whether you want to draw an
ungrouped frequency distribution table or
group frequency table . If there are too
many different values, then it is usually
better to go with the grouped frequency
distribution table.
HOW TO CONSTRUCT A FREQUENCY TABLE
DISTRIBUTION?
Colors Tally marks Frequency

UNGROUPED
FREQUENCY
DISTRIBUTION
TABLE

GROUPED
FREQUENCY
DISTRIBUTION
TABLE
HOW TO CONSTRUCT A FREQUENCY TABLE
DISTRIBUTION?
Step 3: Write the data set values in the first
column.
Colors Tally Frequency
marks

Green

White

Red

UNGROUPED FREQUENCY GROUPED FREQUENCY


DISTRIBUTION TABLE DISTRIBUTION TABLE
HOW TO CONSTRUCT A FREQUENCY TABLE
DISTRIBUTION?
Step 4: Count how many times each item is
repeating itself in the collected data. In
other words, find the frequency of each
item by counting or tallying.
Colors

UNGROUPED FREQUENCY GROUPED FREQUENCY


DISTRIBUTION TABLE DISTRIBUTION TABLE
HOW TO CONSTRUCT A FREQUENCY TABLE
DISTRIBUTION?

Step 5: At last, write the total frequency


corresponding to each item in the last row
of the table.

UNGROUPED FREQUENCY GROUPED FREQUENCY


DISTRIBUTION TABLE DISTRIBUTION TABLE
TASK TO DO
Direction: Construct a frequency polygon table for the ff. data.
1. UNGROUPED DATA
 Members of your family and the categories will be parents,
daughter and son.
2. GROUPED DATA
 The scores of Ma’am Polane’s students in GEC 1:

39, 30, 23, 39, 50, 45, 29, 28, 31, 43, 47, 26, 47, 48, 49, 42,
48, 52, 44, 52, 48
REMINDERS

For the any inquiries and clarifications


regarding our lesson, don’t hesitate to ask
question in our fb page; GEC 1-
MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD
(Ma’am Polane Gumiran) or go to the link
https://www.facebook.com/groups/660770
8950757817
22
End of the lesson for Gathering and Organizing Data 

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