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Chapter 1
Introduction

Indian English literature, also mentioned as Indian writing in English, is the body of works
written by writers of India who write in English and whose native or co-native language could be
one among the various languages of India. Indian English literature is an honest enterprise to
demonstrate the ever rare gem, of Indian writing in English from being a singular and excep-
tional, rather gradual native flare-up of geniuses, Indian writing has clothed to be a replacement
sort of Indian culture and voice during which India converses regularly Indian writers, poets,
novelists, essayists, and dramatists are making moments and considerable contributions to world
literature since pre independence era, the past few years have witnessed a big prospering and
thriving of Indian English writing within the global market.

Indian English literature has attained an independent status within the realm of world litera-
ture. Wide range of themes are dealt with in Indian writing in English. While this literature con-
tinues to reflect Indian culture, tradition, social values and even Indian history through the depic-
tion of life in India and Indians living elsewhere, recent Indian English fiction has been trying to
supply expression to the Indian experience of the fashionable predicaments. There are critics and
commentators in England and America who appreciate Indian English novels. Indian English
Literature, quite understandably spurs attention from quarterly of the country, making the genre
admired in its title. Creative writing in English is checked out as an integral a part of the literary
traditions within the Indian perspective of fine arts.

In early times of British rule, the novelistic writing, indeed the Indian English dramas and In-
dian English poetry had tremendously arrested attention of the native masses. Every possible re-
gional author was dedicated within the intelligence to deliver in the British maternal language,
highly erudite and learned as they were even in such periods. The man that comes to surface
more than once in all genres of Indian English literature is Rabindranath Tagore, who possibly
was an unending ocean of knowledge and intellect. The truthfulness and honesty of the writers in
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English often made a theme of suspect in their own country and in other English-speaking coun-
tries they are indeed addressed as ‘marginal’ to the mainstream of English literature. Indian Eng-
lish literature writers are sometimes incriminated of forsaking the national or regional language
and penning during a western, alien language; their dedication to the state is taken into account
in much suspicion, a rather unfortunate sensibility for such intelligent and cultural wonders. In-
dian literature in English dates back to the 1830s, to Kashiprasad Ghosh,who is taken into ac-
count the primary Indian poet writing in English. Sochee Chunder Dutt was the first writer of fic-
tion, thus bringing the tremendous attraction and brilliancy of admiration of Indian English nov-
els. In the beginning, however, political writing within the novel or essay format was dominant,
as are often seen in Raja Ram Mohan Roy and his extraordinary output.
Fiction, which is an expression of the most intimate consciousness of life and society, form an
impressive asect of literature. Since as an ingenious process, fiction is an expression of the fore-
most powerful and intimate consciousness of life and society -the society during which it grows
and develops. It has some purposes to fulfil them, some thoughts to be contemplated and some
plans to be acted upon for the welfare of humanity. When it broods upon such various things, it
witnesses changes happening in life and society, and therefore, these changes are reflected within
the fictional world. Indian English fiction, is also doing the same thing and expressing thoughts,
feelings and emotions in a rational and interesting manner, and directly or indirectly throws light
upon different changes in it own way. Hence, the reflection of change in creative different fields
of Indian society manifests the importance and utility of the Indian creative writing in English.
The Indian English fiction from its very beginning has witnessed socio-cultural, economic and
political changes within the destiny of our nation. It was the time when the destiny of India was
under the eclipse of British rule and lots of Indians were trying to return out from the dark
shadow. Women novelists have played a crucial and momentous role in enhancing the quality
and quantity of Indian English fiction. In the past, the work by the Indian women authors has al-
ways been undervalued due to some patriarchal assumptions. The major themes of Indian litera-
ture include romance, society, tragedy, comedy, adventure, war, or the ancient ones like mytho-
logical or epical. In all these variety of genres, it can be witnessed that authorship is mysteriously
and productively in line with societal norms, permanently portraying one or the other type of so-
cietal norms, permanently portraying one or the opposite sort of societal variation that has
 3

changed with age. Themes in Indian literature during Vedic Age, themes in Indian literature dur-
ing classical Age, themes in Indian literature during Medieval Age, differs grossly with themes in
Indian literature for the contemporary Age. As such social themes in Indian literature, be it in any
quite literal category, wholly falls in place with the structure organisation that humanity dwells
in. Literature that is not the breath of up to date society, that dares not transmit the pains and
fears of that society, that doesn't warn in time against threatening moral and social dangers- such
literature loses the confidence of its own people.

Recent writers in India such as Arundhati Roy and David Davidar show a direction towards
contextuality and rootedness in their works. Arundhati Roy,a trained architect and the 1997
Booker prize winner for her The God Of Small Things ,calls herself a home grown writer. Her
award winning book is set in the immensely physical landscape of Kerala. Davidar sets his The
House of Blue Mangoes in southern Tamil Nadu. In both the books, geography and politics are
integral to the narrative. Indian novel in English emerged out of almost five decades of intellec-
tual and literary gestation that had begun in 1930s with the triumvirate of the old masters,
R.K.Narayan, Mulk Raj Anand and Raja Rao who contributed to Indian fiction in English
through their rich corpus of writings inclusive of short stories and novels. The pre-Independence
Indian novelists, besides them, who have made use of history in their novels in a way or other
include K.S. Venkatramani (Kandan the Patriot, 1932), A.S.P.Ayyar (Baladitya, 1930 and Three
Men of Destiny,1939), Bhabani Bhattachary So Many Hungers, Shadow From Ladakh., 1966),
Kamala Markandaya (Nectar in a Sieve, 1954) and many others. They were closely followed by
G.V. Desani (All About H. Hatterr, 1948), Manohar Malgonkar (A Bend in The Ganges, 1956;
Distant Drums, 1960; Combat of Shadows, 1962), Khushwant Singh (A Train To Pakistan, 1956)
and Bhagvan S.Gidwani (The Sword of Tipu Sultan), These writers have tried to capture Indian
reality in their own way and have narrated historical events in their Indian perspective.

India-Pakistan Partition in Indian English Fictions

The partition of India and thus the associated bloody riots inspired by many creative minds in
India and Pakistan to form literary/cinematic depictions of this event. While some creations de-
picted the massacres during the refugee migration, others targeting the aftermath of the partition
 4

in terms of difficulties faced by the refugees in each side of the border. Even now, more than
sixty years after the partition, works of fiction and films are made that relate to the events of par-
tition. The Partition of Indian subcontinent- like the politico-historical events of the French Rev-
olution, the Russian Revolution, the two World Wars and therefore the Great Depression of
America-was an event of great magnitude and significance that had far- six reaching political,
social, cultural, religious, economic and human impacts on Indian subcontinent. The historical
process of partition and its holocaust had profound impact on contemporary culture, literature
and history. This is the most cataclysmic event in the history of twentieth century India. The im-
pression left on the minds of these who lived through those traumatic times persists to the present
day. The European continent and America witnessed historical events of giant magnitude that in-
spired great writers to supply famous novels: A Tale of Two cities, War and Peace, The Grapes of
Wrath, Exodus, Farwell to Arms, Dr. Zhivago, Lord of the Flies etc. The Partition stirred the sen-
sibility of men of letters inspiring them to write down novels, poems, short-stories and dramas.
Even today it motivates literary genius to write down, and film producers to produce films and
TV serials. Literature describing the human cost of independence and partition comprises 1)
Khushwant Singh’Train To Pakistan (1956)-This novel is set in the summer of 1947 in a fictional
village called Mano Majrs a near the border, were Sikhs and Muslims lived together in harmony
until a train loaded with thousands of bodies arrived from Pakistan. 2)Ice Candy Man by Bapsi
Sidhwa(1988)-Sidhwa picks a young, privileged and polio-stricken parsi girl, Lenny, to tell this
story, which is set between 1943 and 1948 in Lahore. 3)Pinjar by Amrita Pritam(1950)-set in
Punjab at a time when Hindu Muslim tensions were running high,pinjar shows how women be-
came the biggest victims of the partition. 4)Remnants of a separation by Aanchal Malhotra
(2017)-Malhotra revisits the divide through the objects that people choose to carry with them
across the border. The author retraced the lives of 19 families from India, Pakistan, Bangladesh
and UK. 5)Toba Tek Singh by Saadat Hassan Manto (1955)-It follows inmates during a Lahore
asylum,some of whom are to be transferred to India following the 1947 partition. The story is a
powerful satire on the relationship between India and Pakistan. 6)Midnight’s children by Salman
Rushdie (1918)-The novel follows Saleem Sindi,the narrator and protagonists, through post-1947
India. As we learn through reading Saleem reading, Saleem is one among a gaggle of Midnight
Children. Like Saleem, those born at the stroke of midnight on the day of independence are en-
dowed with extraordinary powers. By employing elements of magical realism, Rushdie creates a
 5

narrative possible only through fiction that deals with matters of forced migration, exile and po-
litical violence. Young novelists who reside in India and Pakistan, as well as first-generation
Americans and Londoners with ties to those regions, continue to depend on fiction to interrogate
the role of partition in contemporary politics. As our world becomes increasingly global (both in
terms of politics and material exchange) it is going to be exciting to get new works of Indian and
Pakistani literature that bring us back to local issues, both past and present, on the subcontinent.
Existing side by side with individual experiences of partition are novels that speaks of its impact
on collective society Bhisham Sahni’s Tamas,a searing portrait of the plight of the Sikh, Muslim
and Hindu families caught within the partition turbulence, for example krishna sobtis novel Zind-
aginama brings out the flouring composite culture of undivided India from the first years of the
20th century till 1947 through a vibrant depiction of life and relationships among varied religions
cultures. While cultural differences weren't dismissed, there was mutual respect for each other
shared legends, songs, rituals and festivals underlined harmony instead of animosity in everyday
living. The language of the novel-a vibrant mixture of Punjabi, Persian, Hindi and Urdu exempli-
fies the inter-culturality which is zindaginama’s content.

The book 2047 The Unifier by Rashmi Trivedi is titled 2047 due to its basic idea of uniting
two nations after hundred years of separation. this will sound absurd but that's the core gist of the
book. The book represents the voice of youth and raises the question that's mere mention of
peace is just too difficult? A novel that's conceived in mind, written straight from the center and
dreams of the impossible, a novel which can take the reader through a plethora of emotions and
compel the reader to look at relations between India and Pakistan with a special perspective. An
apolitical book that has politics, drama, love, crime, excitement, suspense and at the highest,
leaves the reader with a nagging question within the Mind-Is it possible? The author Rashmi
Trivedi has plotted the book very brilliantly taking under consideration the gravity of the topic.
The author had beautifully penned down this dream with none fear and has definitely given it a
content closure. The story shows the longer term but it's more kind of a continuation of the past
to present to the long run. The talks about India and Pakistan which is one among the heated top-
ics in our society. The novel highlights the connection between Hindus and Muslims. The author
of the book is Rashmi Trivedi. she is an author, poet and an explorer, working at a middle man-
agement lend during a leading PSU. she entered the literary world in May 2016 alongside her
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first book, Women, everything are getting to be Fine, which became a bestseller in its genre. She
then came out alongside her poetry collection titled few Sunshine, Pocket crammed with Rain in
December 2017. Many of her poems went viral on the social media. Her subsequent novel, From
Ashes to Dreams, published in August 2018, climbed to the no.two spot on the Amazon hot-seller
list within a couple of days, and went on to sell quite 15,000 copies. Her book from Ashes To
Dreams could also be a up to date novel that focuses on love, friendship, forgiveness .and a sec-
ond chance at life. The story follows Naina who lives during a orphanage together with her best
friends Khusum and Raghav. Three of them grew up and have been closest friends ever since.
Naina is nice, caring whereas Kusum is loud and may win anyone’s heart through her charming
personality. Naina who was a campaign since the beginning of the story emerges as a strong and
independent girl at the highest. The Lock down is that the newest book of Rashmi Trivedi,it is
about the lock down that was imposed in India for the safety of citizens from the pandemic
covid19 that's spread across the planet . The author explores stories of six lives who were at a life
changing moments of the lock down takes a turn in their lives and changes it. The book is that
the stories folks and therefore the stories help us see what the others were browsing the lock
down and the way things changed. Trivedi sees the ‘Ray of Hope’in this and urges us to ascertain
the lock down from a replacement perspective.

The present study tries to identify the partition issues depicted in the selected novel 2047 The
Unifier. The project comprises four chapters. The first chapter titled Introduction gives an idea
about how partition is depicted in Indian English fictions in general. The second chapter is titled
Theorising partition issues. Here it is discussed about theorising the partition issues, it includes
the India Pakistan partition History, Impacts and Aftermaths of partition, How the partition is
shown in literature? consequences of partition, The magnitude of the displacement, Economic
significance of the population transfer. This chapter gives an in depth description of the partition
and its effects. The third chapter is about Restoring Peace between two nations. it's supported the
novel 2047-The Unifier. Unifier may be a work of imagination with a plot that's so contemporary
in issues associated with our country but the storyline is predicated exactly hundred years after
our Independence we will see the issues faced by the youth thanks to the partition. The youth
needs peace and love,not war and violence,they are uninterested in these war and violences. But
the politicians play a serious role in these issues. This makes it clear to us that politics will never
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allow this world to measure in peace. Final chapter is conclusion,

it gives a brief analysis of every chapter and the overall conclusion of the study.
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Chapter 2
Theorising the Partition Issues

India-Pakistan Partition

The partition of India of 1947 was the division of British India into two independent domin-
ion states, India and Pakistan. The dominion of India is today the Republic of India; The domin-
ion of Pakistan today the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and thus the people Republic of Bangla-
desh. The partition involved the division of two provinces, Bengal and Punjab, based on district
wise Non-Muslim or Muslim majorities. the 2 self-governing countries of India and Pakistan le-
gally came into existence within the dark on 15 August 1947. The partition displaced between
10-12 million people along religious line, creating overwhelming refugee crises within the newly
constituted dominions. There was large-scale of violence, with estimates of loss of life accompa-
nying or preceding the partition disputed and ranging between several hundred thousand and two
million. The violent nature of the partition created an environment of hostility and suspicion be-
tween India and Pakistan that plagues their relationship to the present.

1941, Karachi, the first capital of Pakistan had a 46.7 percent Hindu population, who fled
the town during and immediately after the partition. round the same time, Delhi’s entire popula-
tion included one-third Muslims, most of whom were displaced in 1947. The borders of Pakistan
were involved two days after partition, On August 17th of 1947. a minimum of fifteen million
people were uprooted and displaced in one among the most important human migrations in rec-
orded history. Around one or two million people were killed during the implementation of the
partition. there's still a mystery at the dark heart of partition. Ultimately, it remains a history lay-
ered with absence and silences, even while many mourn and mention their own trauma. Nearly
every Punjabi family, India and Pakistan can tell a tale a couple of relative uprooted within the
night, the all friends and servants left behind, the nostalgia for a cherished house now fallen into
new hands. For fewer are willing to debate the role of their own locality in contributing to the vi-
olence. Rarely, oral histories fell of culpability and betrayal; more often, guilt and silences stalk
the archive.
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The first partition scheme was outlined in April 1947. Nehru was against the thought of
partition itself. The revised scheme was sent to London and came back with the approval of Brit-
ish Cabinet. On June 4, the scheme to partition India was announced by Mountbatten and en-
dorsed in speeches by Nehru and Jinnah on the All India Radio. The partition scheme, as an-
nounced, was largely in line with the proposal of the cupboard mission. The North-West region
comprising Punjab, Sindh, Baluchistan and therefore the North West frontier province was as
proposed by the cabinet mission. The Eastern region was redrawn without Assam or the North
East provinces. East Bengal and thus the adjoining Sylhet district would be a neighbourhood of
Pakistan. Partition came as a superb shock to Gandhi but the congress leadership under Nehru
and Vallabhai patel had accepted the proposition. However, the question of the last word bound-
ary was still undecided. the 2 largest provinces Punjab and Bengal had only a marginal superior-
ity of Muslims over Non-Muslims-53% to 47%. It was decided, therefore that the two provinces
would be divided down the middle and thus before the electoral register would be used to appor-
tion some districts to Pakistan and therefore the others to India. The drawing of the boundary
proved to be extremely contentions causing fear, uncertainty and widespread death and destruc-
tion.

The negotiations amongst the leaders proved a nightmare for the thousands of families who
suddenly found themselves uprooted during a land. that they had inhabited for generations. Law
and order broke down and there was large scale massacre and looting as families left their home-
land to trudge across the new, arbitrarily drawn borders. Women were abducted, raped, mutilated
and killed in conjunction with children, both born and unborn. Families abandoned their ances-
tral properties and crossed the borders, forced to hunt out a replacement life as refugees. In Pun-
jab and Bengal, refugees moved from all sides to the opposite, in search of safety. Many Muslim
families left from UP and Bihar to finish up as Muhajirst(refugees)in Karachi. The Hindus of
Sindh arrived in Gujarat and Bombay.

The Partition of India doesn't suggest only the vivisection of an enormous subcontinent but
also catastrophe for several people, the consequences of which haven't died out yet as is usually
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recommended by recent events. the huge involuntary and unprecedented migration caused com-
munal clashes, massacres and atrocities of all types. Both the edges of the boundaries were
crammed with innumerable refugees- who were rendered orphans by the storm called Partition.
In fact, this event which resulted within the barbarity of the foremost heinous kind and within the
massacre of not fewer than two million people, was terribly tragic and heart-rending because it
was deliberate, and not a natural calamity like an earthquake or a flood.

The partition of India was one of the foremost defining events within the history of the In-
dian subcontinent. With no accurate accounts of what percentage died or lost their homes, esti-
mates suggest that perhaps up to twenty million people were suffering from the partition and
somewhere between 200,000-1 million lost their lives. Yet, several decades after the event, there
was a severe lacuna that no museum or memorial existed anywhere within the planet to remem-
ber all those millions. it's their untold stories which the partition museum records and narrates.

Impacts and Aftermaths of Partition

The partition of India left both India and Pakistan devastated. the method of partition claimed
many lives in riots, rapes, murders, and looting women, especially, were used as instruments of
power by the Hindus and Muslims. Fifteen million refugees poured across the borders to regions
completely foreign to them because their identities were rooted within the geographical home of
their ancestors, not their religious affiliations alone. additionally, to India’s partition, the prov-
inces of Punjab and Bengal were divided, causing catastrophic riots and claiming the lives of
Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs alike. a few years after partition, the two nations are still trying to
heal the injuries left behind. the 2 countries began their independence with ruined economies and
lands without a long time, experienced system of state. They lost many of their most dynamic
leaders, such as Gandhi, Jinnah and Allama Iqbal, soon after the partition.

Estimates of the worth post-partition range from two lakhs to two million. Many were
killed by members of other communities and sometimes their own families, as well as by the
contagious diseases which swept through refugee camps; women were often targeted as symbols
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of community honour, with up to one lakhs raped or abducted. What can explain this intensely
violent reaction? many of the people concerned were very deeply attached not just to spiritual
identity, but to territory, and Britain was reluctant to use its troops to take care of law and order.
things was especially dangerous in Punjab, were weapons and demobilised soldiers were abun-
dant.

Another unforeseen consequence of partition was that Pakistan’s population ended up more
religiously homogenous than originally anticipated. The Muslim league’s leaders had assumed
that Pakistan would contain a sizeable Non-Muslim population, whose presence would safeguard
the position of Muslims remaining in India-but in Pakistan ,Non-Muslim minorities comprised
just one .6% of the population by 1951,compared with 22% in Bangladesh ,(now Bangla-
desh).And albeit Pakistan was ostensibly created as a “homeland” for India’s Muslim minority,
not all Muslims even supported its formation, never mind migrated there: Muslims remained the
most important minority group in independent India, making up around 10% of the population in
1951.

Today, the two countries relationship is way from healthy. Kashmir remains a flashpoint, both
countries are nuclear-armed. Indian Muslims are frequently suspected of harbouring loyalties to-
wards Pakistan, Non-Muslim minorities in Pakistan are increasingly vulnerable. because of the
so- called Islamisation of life there since the 1980s. Seven decades on, well over a billion people
still sleep in the shadow of partition.

Partition in Literature
Generally, great tragedies or great historic events inspire the writers and artists to make great
work of art in language and in other forms of art. Partition of India was a superb historic event-as
well as a tragedy of great magnitude. an outsized body of literature has been written in Bengal,
Urdu, Hindi, Punjabi, English and Sindhi, relating to partition of the country. However, the nov-
els handling the partition are subjects of critical inquiry within the history of Indian Literature in
English. Whenever post- independence fiction is being discussed, the partition fiction is taken
into account the main category and also the studies on the Indian political novel in English con-
sider it together of the main political themes. Many novels, apart from other literature, have been
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written on the partition in those Indian languages. Many of those have earned fame Abdulla
Hussain’s ‘Udas Nasie In’ (The Sad Generations) is perhaps most poignant of all such works,
Qurratul Ain Hyder’s novels, particularly ‘Aag Ka Darya’ (The River Of Fire),Manto’s short sto-
ries and lots of other writings in Urdu are very touching accounts of the tragic human aspects of
the partition.

In English, Chaman Nahi’s Azadi also gives an objective view of things, while Khushwant
Singh’s ‘Train To Pakistan’ though much talked about,is quite superficial. In Punjabi, Nanak
Singh, Sohan Singh Sital, Kartar Singh Duggal, Amrita Pritam, Salim Khan Gimmi etc. wrote
some good but emotional novels on partition. The common element altogether these pieces of lit-
erature is pathos. It is different from historical account because it embodies the human suffering
and pain because of partition. Almost every literary piece related to the partition depicts hooli-
ganism, rape, murder, treachery, barbarism and a standard thirst of blood among people. They
were ready to slaughter their neighbours who had lived arm in arm for hundreds of years, just be-
cause they practised different religion. few authors have depicted the restoration of human ra-
tionality and prudence after the holocaust.

Saadat Hassan Manto’s views of the partition of India weren't propelled by religious convic-
tions. The characters of his stories are not always identified by their religion but through the
measurable human losses that prevailed during this introduce history. Literature in English about
this era fails to understand a balanced interpretation of the past. The stories are riddled with a
communitarian focus, and push aside the human dimensions OF India’s partition. Written in
1950s, Khushwant Singh’s Train to Pakistan presents a near journalistic account of how commu-
nal violence crept into a border village in Punjab. Throughout the narrative, a veiled attempt is
made to justify the violence against Muslims as a response to genocide against the Sikhs. this is
often predominantly because the book was written a couple of years after the partition and there-
fore the wounds were still fresh. Other novelists who wrote within the 1980s and 1990s have of-
fered sidelong glances of the partition era without delving into the political realm. Contemporary
novelists, like Meera Syal, have used memory as a tool to explore the long forgotten era which
shaped people’s lives in strong and secretive way.
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Consequences of the Partition

The year 1947 was the year of one of the foremost important, most abrupt, unplanned and
tragic transfer of population which human history has got to known. But Partition and its after-
math still affect people in South Asia and beyond to the present day. Many members of the 'Parti-
tion generation' are still alive, and many families have their own Partition stories. The continuing
impact on new generations of South Asians, including those in the diaspora, is most likely to be
apparent in classes that include students of Indian, Pakistani or Bangladeshi origin (though there
will also be some who know little or nothing about it). However, Britain’s key role in bringing
about Partition, after two centuries of dominating South Asia, highlights the moral ambiguities
within the topic. The frequent occurrence of violence around the time of Partition, usually di-
rected against unarmed civilians, means that the issues are emotive for both sides. This violence
was often sexual in nature, such as rape and abduction, and directed against women. Women re-
main powerful symbols of community in South Asia, and calls to arms by opposing religious
communities are often expressed as a need to defend ‘our’ women against the other community’s
male aggression. The place of faith within the Partition conflict itself, and in subsequent conflicts
like the Sikh Khalistan movement in India, is contested and sometimes ambiguous. Religion is
sometimes used in justification for violent acts that may also be motivated by social prejudice,
political calculation or local rivalries. There have certainly been examples where religion was
used to attempt to bring peace and understanding to those involved in the conflict. Gandhi’s role
is a well-known example of this.

 There were killings and atrocities on each side of the border. Cities such as Lahore, Amritsar
and Kolkata became divided into ‘communal zone’. Muslims would avoid going into a
neighbourhood where mainly Hindus or Sikhs lived and the other way around.
 Minorities on each side of the border fled their home and sometimes secured temporary shel-
ter in ‘refugee camps’. They travelled to other side of the new border by all sorts of means,
often by foots. Even during this journey, they were often attacked, killed or raped. Thousands
of women were abducted on both sides of the border. Often women were killed by their own
family members to preserve the ‘family honour’. Many children were separated from their
parents.
 People who managed to cross the border did not have a place they could call home for lacks
 14

of these ‘refugees, the country’s freedom meant life in ‘refugee camps’ for months and some-
time for years.
 Partition wasn't merely a division of properties, liabilities and assets, or a political division of
the country and therefore the administrative apparatus. Also divided were things like tables,
chairs, typewriters, paper-clips and books.
 Even after large-scale migration of Muslims to the newly created Pakistan, Muslim popula-
tion in India accounted for 12%of the entire population in 1951. The partition had already
created severe conflict between the two countries.
 One push factor was the fear of war. Some of British were afraid that India would become
a war between the Muslims and therefore the Hindus. This led to violence which is another
push factor. This also led to many deaths. Another push factor for Hindus going to India is
that if they were to remain within the area which might become Pakistan, they would face
persecution and racism. A pull factor for them is that India was filled with Hindus a bit like
them and it might be easier to urge employment than in Pakistan. A push factor for Muslim
migrating to Pakistan would also be persecution a racism. A pull factor would be they might
get to measure faraway from government and in a neighbourhood where there have been
mostly Muslims and also better job opportunities.
 Some problems and difficulties they faced were the displacement of the people. This led
to an enormous refugee crisis. It also led to violence between the Muslims and Hindus be-
cause they felt as if they might not trust one another. This affected their relationship in the
future as well. Another problem was the properties left behind after each group migrated. A
difficulty was that everybody was not Muslims or Hindu. So when some non-Muslims
moved to India it forced some Muslims to manoeuvre to Pakistan. Some problems that still
exist today are border issues, resource issues and religious differences.
 The Hindus were pulled to more agricultural jobs. While the Muslims were pulled to in-
dustrial jobs. The Hindus were cultivators; they took care of land they owned or that the govt
owned or private parties that paid them money. The Muslims also took jobs as carpenter,
blacksmiths, weaving and pottery. -Did they face discrimination? Yes, both groups faced per-
secution like racism lynching and harsh treatment. This was due to their religion and they
were from. It was also because the British government just felt they could whatever they
wanted to them.
 15

 The migration was forced. The Hindus and Muslims were forced to depricate due to per-
secution, religion differences, and because the British rule was harsh and don’t give them any
freedom. It is said that the India-Pakistan partition is one of the largest forced migration. -Im-
pact on the new country After the migration both countries adapted by getting new jobs and
dealing on being united as a rustic. They still face certain problems like the connection be-
tween India and Pakistan which isn't good. They are also trust issues such as Indian Muslims
being suspected of having loyalty towards Pakistan. Also, Non-Muslim refugees in Pakistan
face problems with new rules. Both countries also face resource problems and still conflict
over the border.

 The Magnitude of the Displacement: -

The partition of undivided India into India and Pakistan was followed by one among the best
mass transfers of population in history and involved about sixteen millionaires, more than twice
the population of Australia and quite the whole population of Canada. The suddenness of this
event made all attempts towards a planned exchange of population impossible. Large -scale mi-
grations have taken place in several countries within the past for reasons like political dissatisfac-
tion, religious persecution, racial hatred, and economic insecurity; but the migrations of India
and Pakistan are unique therein at one stroke millions in either country found themselves aliens
in lands where they and their forefathers had earned their livelihood for hundreds of years. A
substantial a part of the transfer had to be completed within but a year.

 Economic Significance of the Population Transfer: -

The Indian economy had hardly recovered from the strain thanks to the war, and had to spent
large amounts in relief and rehabilitation at a time when funds were scarce and were badly
needed for capital formation. The process of transfer itself was an important burden on the over-
worked transport system; everything from foot-travel to the aeroplane was used. Those who left
the country were cultivators and artisans. They were specialised in weaving, leather-working, tai-
loring, trade in provisions, meat and fish etc. They formed a large part of the semi-skilled labour
within the woollen industry, engineering, metal works and jute textiles, and on railways. Their
migration caused an acute shortage of skilled artisans. On the opposite hand, most of the immi-
grants who came from Pakistan had no aptitude for these vocations. A number of them belonged
 16

to the trading and professional classes and they could not pursue their original vocations in the
areas to which they had migrated because these occupations were already overcrowded. The im-
migrants were mostly accustomed to intellectual work and could not adapt themselves easily to
manual labour in India. Most of the agricultural immigrants had been large landowners in west
Pakistan, they had been pioneers of agricultural development and had been familiar with cultivat-
ing superior lands, well equipped with irrigation services. When they came to India they had to
be satisfied with inferior land, and even this was not plentiful. Such were the main features of
migrations in the west.

Most of the immigrants were from East Pakistan belonged to the trading and professional
classes, and many of them concentrated in the city of Calcutta and the surrounding urban areas.
An interesting fact about the displacement is that it intensified the agricultural character of Paki-
stan and increased the degree of urbanization of India. This is because the Hindus and therefore
the Sikhs had mostly stayed within the urban areas before transfer.
 17

Chapter 3
Restoring Peace between Two Nations

The book 2047 The Unifier is a novel written by Rashmi Trivedi. They say that love has the
facility to manoeuvre mountains, but does it have the facility two warring nations? In 1947, the
British put a knife through India’s heart when they created two nations, India and Pakistan; two
nations that now have a history of war, mistrust and hatred. Can love put a balm on the bleeding
hearts of the two nations and unite them forever?

Karan is an Indian boy crazy with a Pakistani girl, and therefore the only way he can marry
her is that if India and Pakistan unite. So he decided to require up the impossible task of uniting
them during the hundredthyear of partition. Will people accept his crazy idea? What about the
political parties? Will he succeed? In a world where war is exciting, conflict is cool and intoler-
ance is trending, how does one sell your idea of affection and peace? Will there be any takers?

The story takes place in the future version of India, London and Islamabad. The book is set
on future because India and Pakistan celebrating their hundredth Independence in the year 2047.
so, the book got the name 2047 The Unifier, from the concept of unifying the two nations on its
hundredth independent anniversary. India is more developed in aspects of infrastructure and
technology but issues remain the same that of communal hatred fuelled by politics as regular
dosage. And that of warmongers at each side of the border while they have nothing to lose.

The idea of reuniting the two enemy nations which would one sound bizarre and dumb to the
world; but the roots of loss and revenge are so deep, that it seems completely impossible. But as
Nelson Mandela said that every impossible has ‘am possible’ and every great ideas starts with
people judging you and laugh.

The book begins in the year 2030, when a Pakistani girl lost the lanes of chandni chowk, una-
ware of the fact that border skirmishes have begun and is faced by a group of guys, until she is
saved by the chivalry of one of them. Here, we can see that partition and its bloody aftermath and
 18

displacement is forever held over our heads. What we can understand from here is that if some-
one comes from Pakistan, we hate them and scared of them for some reasons. But if someone
from another country comes we accept them. This all are due to the partition of India and Paki-
stan. She was alone within the capital of an enemy country when nerves where raw, and her
phone out of charge. she did not remember even a single phone number; she could have easily
hailed a cab if her phone was working. Thats when she saw the boys standing there. then she told
a boy to book a cab, and one of the boy said “sure” (2047 The Unifier page no.2) with confident
until he asked a question, where to go? this was the moment she dreaded, when she said “Paki-
stan embassy” (2047 The Unifier page no.2), the congenial face of him got contorted and his face
reflected a look of pure hatred time he tried to pull her and grabbed roughly by her arm suddenly
help came from unexpected quarters. He was the shortest of the three and also the youngest,
while no numbers were exchanged or names discussed, years later, in a theatre, same pair of eyes
meet and recognized each other, leading to an unexpected romance story in 2046 in London.
Karan is an Indian boy,the son of a decorated war hero who fought against Pakistan within the
war of 2028. It is during the Hindu-Muslim riots of 2030 that Karan finds young Fiza and help
her reach safety only to lose her for the years to come. Eventually they meet again in London and
sparks fly. They dub their meeting as a work of fate and realise that they were always meant to
end up together. But Karan’s father puts a condition on his approval for the two souls to unite.
He throws out the impossible challenge towards Karan. If he can unite the two nations, his father
will agree for their marriage. His father said,” it is October 2046 now. In ten months’ time, both
the countries would be celebrating hundred years of their respective independence. What better
way than to be one again? If India and Pakistan become one again by August 2047, you will have
my blessings for the wedding. It is my challenge to you. If you love this girl so much, and if you
think that your generation want peace, then prove me wrong and unite India and Pakistan” (2047
The Unifier page no.55).
Anu, who is also a major character in this novel. She ran an NGO that worked for peace. She
had founded it when she was only twenty-one. Her work was her passion, and it gave meaning to
her life. As a small kid who had been born and brought up in Pun jab Bagh, she had heard many
stories about her great- grand fathers had migrated from Pakistan during, the partition. Her uncle,
who had been a soldier within the Indian Army, was martyred during the Indo-Pak war of 2028.
She had been only ten years old then, but remembered how his mortal remains had been brought
 19

home wrapped in tricolour. Anu’s aunty had been six months pregnant when he had died. That
was the day she decided that she hated wars and that they had to prevent. She had no idea how
she was going to do this, but one thing was clear. She would have to become powerful enough to
bring any change in the society. Power and authority were what were required, and she intended
to get them somehow. After graduating in political science with honours from st. Stephens col-
lege, she enrolled in J NU for her masters. This is when she founded her NGO messengers of
peace. A dream which she had dreamt alone was now employing eight full-time workers and
about five thousand volunteers across the country. Their job was to spread the message of peace-
peace amongst neighbour, peace among different religions and peace across all borders. They
would attend villages and communities to figure with people who had been victims of any kinds
of violence.

The youth today was sick of the violence in the world. Every other day there would be a
bomb blast, taking lines, and later some terrorist group with some godforsaken agenda would
claim the honour. It was frightening to think and imagine where society was heading. Should we
fight for peace? Will this what happens in the world. Countries try to regulate the planet through
wars nowadays. We are trying to get peace through war? That is the problem. This is a bit like
throwing wood within the fire rather than water. For centuries we are trying to get peace, but
with no results. If we take a look at human history you will see that we have fought many wars
and lots of battles within the name of peace, but where has that basically gotten us? We still have
“war against terror” “war against regions” “war against poverty” “war against disease” (2047
The Unifier 104). We must remember that when we win a war by defeating someone, those who
lost can suffer from huge problems, isn’t that opposite of peace now? India and Pakistan has
been liable for many deaths across the border. It’s not the country or countrymen, but the politi-
cians and therefore the refore the bureaucrats who are liable for all the hatred and the war. The
common man does not want the war. Not in India, not in Pakistan, not in any corner of the
planet.

Here, Karan also joined in NGO for working towards his mission of uniting India and Paki-
stan. When his friend laughed at him, he made a dialogue towards them, “Am serious. Let’s dis-
cuss what you think it is a funny idea? Even if it is, mostly all great idea sound funny at first.
 20

The Wright brothers were considered crazy because they had thought of something no one had
ever thought of before flying. People must have laughed of Columbus the way you are laughing
at me now, when he first proposed that the earth was round and not flat. See, any genius idea is
always scoffed at” (2047 The Unifier 110). Here we can see that, such an exodus is meant to win
love here but later it was seen in their minds that India and Pakistan were preparing to unite.
Karan said that “Am alright aware that the thought of uniting India and Pakistan seems like a
dream, but I even have a sense that albeit we are not able to bring about what we have set to
achieve, we will a minimum of be ready to bring peace between the two nations” (2047 The Uni-
fier 118). We might not achieve the union of two warring countries, but we may achieve these
two nations becoming friendly towards one another. The partition didn't happen during a day or
during a month. It took tons of your time and extracted quite its pound of flesh. Similarly, what
we are striving to achieve will take time and might not happen by the hundredth partition, but at
least we would have sown the seeds.

Here, these group of people started an organisation named ‘unite for peace’. Their organisa-
tion become famous throughout the country. A group of young people from India and Pakistan
were very supportive of this organisation. The best time to talk people was when they were open
to change-during the time when they were in schools and colleges. Their ideas were that even if a
single person got convinced about their idea of peace, the world would be a slightly better place.
A journey of thousand miles begins with a little step. Their movement for peace was gathering
momentum and was catching the imagination of people, especially the youth.

While a lot of young people wants war and violence to stop, there are still some who want it to
continue. Karan won in many debates in school and colleges. The biggest trophy he got for
winning in a speech contest in his college. The title of his speech was,” Impossible is a word in a
coward’s dictionary” (2047 The Unifier 120). He won the contests because of the two reasons.
Firstly, he was a good orator and had a tremendous stage presence, and secondly, he spoke only
on topics which truly believed in. He always felt that when one speaks from heart, it is received
well.

Circumstances will change them. The biggest issue between the two countries is in the name
 21

of religion. There is a character named Sooraj in this novel, his father became a victim of a bomb
blast at the temple. He was an art teacher, he had taken his students for a visit to the temple that
day to point out the gorgeous murals and engravings on the temple walls. The events within the
aftermath of the blast had got permanently imprinted on young Sooraj’s mind. They didn't even
get a correct body for burial. A terrorist organization from Pakistan claimed the credits for the
blast. The death of his father had made Sooraj very bitter. On the web, he met many folks like
him who had directly or indirectly been victims of Islamic terror. Without telling his mother, he
joined a group called Hindu Maha Morcha. Their aim was to consolidate the Hindu forces within
the country and if required, take up arms to save lots of the country from the pro-Pakistani Mus-
lims and pseudo-liberals. Though, he had joined when he was 18. the hearth that had engulfed his
father in its flames was still burning in his heart.if he would have had the facility and therefore
the means, he would magnify entire Pakistan with a nuclear bomb.

India-Pakistan wars are the series of conflicts that happened between India and Pakistan and
termed as India-Pakistan war. The most violent outbreak came in 1947-48,1965,1971 and 1999.
Reasons for conflicts are border dispute, Kashmir problem, water dispute and terror controversy.
Despite being initiated the wars and conflicts by Pakistan, all are ended up with the defeat or dis-
aster of Pakistan. India had always been a country where different religions have lived in peace
and harmony. If we glance back in history, we will find that it was during the partition that Hin-
dus and Muslims were taught to mistrust and hate one another. This British gave this legacy to
us. When they divided the country into two, between the two communities instead of love and
understanding. But what was done was done. We can’t change the past. But we will always
change the longer term. We can’t change history, but we will definitely write our present and
consequently, our future. Peace could also be a stress-free state of security and tranquility that
comes when there is no fighting or war, everything coexisting in perfect harmony and freedom.
Everyone wants peace nobody wants violence especially when it’s about two countries.

The book become un-put-down-able after Karan’s challenge acceptation. Here, the novel tells
about an event happened in Chabua Muzaffarnagar district, UP. They faced horrors because Mus-
lim man has killed ten people from Hindu family due to personal reason. But politicians and
 22

newspaper are colouring the incident making it a communal issue. They are trying to make mis-
trust and disharmony between Hindus and Muslims. of these years, we have been fighting wars
and hating one another. But what if we had not been divided? Our country would be a force to
reckon with. Not having undergone the trauma of separation and rebuilding our respective na-
tions from scratch after the devastation of the partition, just imagine what proportion we'd have
progressed. It’s never too late though. The youth today wants peace. we've seen enough wars. we
would like love and trust between the two countries. Better still, why not see the two countries
unite on our hundredth anniversary of freedom and set for the planet a replacement example of
affection and peace?

Here, they decided to start a signature campaign online. They also decided to carry more pub-
lic meetings and press conferences, Things were moved faster than that they had expected. An
idea that seemed ridiculous in the beginning was now being discussed in public and social media.
Yes, they had created quite stir. While there have been many of us who mocked them and
thought that they were crazy, many were calling them agents of Pakistan. They were accused of
trying to bring disharmony by inciting volatile sentiments. Disharmony? They were talking of
peace, Good or bad, the best part was that they were getting noticed, and they were getting tons
of publicity. Whenever Karan would mention how this all started, one obvious question was, who
was the girl? Who wanted to give a name and a face to the girl who was instrumental in starting
something so unique and path-breaking, come what may, he could not disclose her identity to the
public. Because fiza was the adopted daughter of the foreign secretary of Pakistan. When the me-
dia leaked her photo into the public, her mother taken back her to Islamabad and decided her to
marry her cousin. She was trapped in her own house and held prisoner by her own adoptive
mother. She had no access to the phone. She was not allowed to meet anyone. Who would have
believed that this was possible in these modern times, In Pakistan everything was possible? Once
she had even managed to get out of the house and reach the main gate. The security guard in-
formed to her mother. She told the guard in front of Fiza, “If she tries to flee again, you have the
authority to tug the trigger. She shouldn't leave of the house alive under any condition” (2047
The Unifier 204).

For restoring peace between two nations they planned to start a walk to Wag ah border.
 23

They start the walk on the first August. They would walk every day and halt at night. They
reached Amritsar on thirteenth. On fifteenth August, a big rally was organised at Wag ah border
on both sides. Several political parties request Karan to join them on seeing the overwhelming
support he was getting by countrymen. But he denies them without thinking twice. He had made
clear decision of not wanting any political support. Because he was sure he will eventually be-
come a puppet after joining them. At the same time, he got many threat calls from many places.
The author has done some great work to showcase the honest brutality of paparazzi and politi-
cians to remodel a situation to cater to their own desires. From violence to manipulation, Im-
moral people are ready to take whatever action is necessary to protect their operations.

As the story comes to an end, the sincere kink in the side is the undeserved victory of the
antagonist, and the acquitted consequences of their unscrupulous actions. And while it's appre-
hensive to read such betrayal, it unfortunately prevails to be inevitable. At the end, a mind blow-
ing speech was held by Karan,
“At the stroke of the midnight, when the world sleeps, India will wake up to life and free-
dom”. Exactly a hundred years ago, our first prime minister, Pundit Jawahar Lal Nehru, had ut-
tered these words. These words were like a breath of fresh air to the people who were being
chocked to death. By the oppression and tyranny of the colonial masters. These words had given
them a new lease of life, a ray of hope, a sliver of light in the dark of the night. (2047 The Unifier
239).
“India was finally free! in fact, this freedom had come at an important price-a very heavy price!
In the joyous moment we decided to not concentrate on the value of freedom, but to saver every
moment of its new acquirement. Sometimes, a simple mistake can cost you the very thing that
you simply try to preserve. this error by our forefathers has cost us our very soul. the liberty was
gained by sacrificing the very essence of our country-unity in diversity. we elect to divide our-
selves into two.
I know hundred years later, we cannot and cannot pass judgement on their decision for
we can’t really understand in totality what their compulsions were and what the choices
were. But one thing we do know is that things didn't stop at the division of our country.
Our masters were very shrewd; as if dividing the country wasn't enough, they left an open
wound, a wound that might still hurt. They created a never ending chasm between two
 24

nations. And like fools, we rather than building bridges, continued to fight over borders,
and thereby, we let our colonial rulers achieve their devious plans (2047 The Unifier
240).

Once during a short time, there are people across all sides of the border, who have shouted at
the very best of their voices saying; look, don’t get caught within the trap that they need laid for
us. It’s on time yet. Let’s not talk about hatred, let’s talk about peace. It’s never too late for
peace! But alas! people with vested interests, the warmongers, the hate mongers, always crushed
their voices. They were silenced with force. whenever, hate won and love lost. Not any longer.
This time, the voices aren't one or two, but many. This time, the youth from either side have
united. We don’t want war, we want peace. we would like to unite. Why? We all know the ra-
tionale. But how and when, needs to be figured out. We aren't saying that it'll happen overnight. a
thought that has the facility to vary the longer term of human kind will not manifest into reality
during a day,a month or maybe a year. it'd take a few years, may be another hundred years for it
to show into a reality.

It is feasible that it'd never happen. But we will a minimum of make a beginning? Can
we a minimum of not a try? Not as an individual or a political party but as citizens of two
independent countries. attempt to bridge the gap that was forced upon us. attempt to heal
the hearts that are bleeding for hundred years. attempt to talk about love and peace, not of
hate and war. Today, after the planet has seen the mass destruction of two world wars, the
threat of the Third World war is looming large over us, and with many countries being
atomic power, the nuclear bomb is ticking under us...tick tock tick tock. It can explode at
any moment, destroying not one or two nations, but the entire mankind! So we all agree
that the best evil today is that the nuclear bomb. But i urge to differ. the best evil isn't the
nuclear bomb, but is that the hate. it's the hate that resides within the minds of individuals
of 1 nation against people of another nation or cast or creed or religion. hundred years
ago we had patriots. Today, we have nationalists. there's huge difference! Patriotism is to
love your country alongside its diversity, all its castes, creeds, and religions, whereas na-
tionalism talks about the supremacy of nation over another (2047 The Unifier 241).
 25

I don’t care if talking about unity and peace with Pakistan makes me a traitor. I would rather be
a traitor and unites the two nations than be a nationalists and divide them. I don’t care if i am
thrown in prison for this. I am the voice of conscience of common people across both sides of the
border. At this very moment, across the border, in Pakistan, my friend is singing an equivalent
tune-the melody of peace. Powerful people that thrive on wars just like the devil thrives on
blood, are having restless nights, I am told. They are trying to seek out ways and means to crush
this demand for a replacement dawn. But tell me, after a dark night, can dawn be far away? can
you stop the dawn from breaking. You can kill one Karan, but there are hundreds on both sides of
border. “You can kill me today....” (2047 The Unifier 242).

As if someone had been expecting his permission to shoot, a single bullet was fired with the
precision of a surgeon. Aimed straight at his heart. No one could understand what was happen-
ing, as one moment he was speaking and within the next, he was on the bottom. This is what
happened to a man who tried to unite two nations. While one group of people fights for peace,
another group rushes for violence. Here the story is about the future. The author expresses her
desire to unite the two nations through her power of imagination. The story ends like this be-
cause she is sure that this dream will not come true. There are a lot of people among us who want
to see how beautiful this country would be if India and Pakistan were one with us. The last words
spoken by Karan were words that struck the mind. At the end we realise that the person who had
fired the bullet was Anu. When Anu convinced that he would succeed here, she tried to change
her mind, knowing that all her work would end with this.

Even when a lot of politicians called Karan, he never intends to join in politics and not
showed any interest to them. But Anu wants to join in politics. She thought that, all this was pos-
sible only if politicians must be there. Her desire was not only to bring peace between two na-
tions through her NGO organisation, she wanted to be famous in front of the people. So, she has
been doing good deeds and she wanted to win the hearts of the people. She had the feeling that
she could rule the country only if the politics is behind her. At the end of the story, Anu became
the home minister. There were lot of expectations from her. The public wanted her to weave mir-
acles. Karan had brought the country’s masses together for a common cause; now they wanted
 26

Anu to fulfil those promises. They expected things to change. However, no one realised who
killed Karan at the end of the story. The common public across both sides of the border still
wanted peace and unity. But alas, the sacrifice of 1 Karan wasn't enough. It need many more sac-
rifice before it could become a reality, if ever!

Something do not change. People might want a change, but politics does not change. Does
power corrupt you? We don’t really know, but it is sure does change the outlook. The unifier that
unites the nations cannot come from politics. It should be in the heart of people. Love can be the
only unifier. Love should unite humankind, irrespective of caste, country or religion. Fiza, still
dream of a day when there would be no borders between countries. At the time of the partition,
perhaps in the hurry to take control, all the loose ends had not been tied up properly. One major
issue remained unresolved, and that was the Kashmir issue. It was not an enormous thing that
would not are settled with proper discussions, but the reality was that no party on either side
wanted an answer. They wanted the difficulty to stay alive for it helped them win elections! En-
emy bashing was a common pursuit in which both the sides indulged. They both claimed Kash-
mir was an integral part of their country, and neither wanted to budge even by an inch! But un-
like the politicians, the masses wanted peace. There was no doubt about that. The people who
have lost their sons, brothers, husbands, and fathers in war can never be in favour of one. It is
only people that don't have anything to lose who cry out for war and bloodshed. There were
forces across either sides of the border that did not want peace.

No boundaries! freedom to live and love beyond boundaries! She was still working for it. She
was working continuously to full fill the dream that Karan has seen. Was it possible Perhaps not,
and certainly not in their lifetime. But one could certainly hope for it, and that was kept her go-
ing. In the end you will realise how powerful love is, but you may lose the faith in the word hu-
manity.
 27

Chapter 4
Conclusion

In introduction it is discussed about Indian English Literature and fictions, Then a brief de-
scription about India-Pakistan Partition in Indian English Fictions. There are many novels in In-
dian English Literature on the subject of India-Pakistan Partition, each with different type of sto-
ries. Next we showed a short detail about the novel 2047-The Unifier. After that we introduced
the author and her works. First core chapter has given a detailed description of India-Pakistan
Partition. It talks about what is partition? How partition occurred, History of partition and talks
about the problems faced by the people during partition. It shows the Impacts and the after ef-
fects of partition. We can understand exactly what a partition is through this chapter. Due to the
partition of India and Pakistan, we saw how mow much cruelty and hardship it has caused to all
the people. Partition became a subject for literature and many writers wrote about this. The au-
thors express their opinion through literature. This chapter made it very clear how the partition is
shown in literature. Through all this the writers make it very clear how much trouble this parti-
tion has caused us. When we read all this, it seems to us that if India and Pakistan were one, peo-
ple would not have to endure all these hardships. Then we discussed the consequences of parti-
tion, it includes the forces led to migration, magnitude of the displacement, economic signifi-
cance of the population transfer. The second core chapter is based on the book 2047-The Unifier.
Here is the story of a group of young people uniting for India and Pakistan. This is a group of
people who want to end all these wars and violence and live in peace for a long time to come.
The book is set on the future version of India and Pakistan. This novel does contain just about
everything; War and peace, battles, love and romance, marriage, death, birth, families, relation-
ships, hatred, jealousy, fear, duelling, religion and politics, philosophy, aristocracy, nobility and
almost all things in India and Pakistan. Nobody wants war, hatred, or harm others, we are citi-
zenry and what we seek is love (not hatred), we all seek peace with all our brothers and sisters.
Through this we can understand the power of the writer’s imagination. Despite knowing that all
these are unfulfilled dreams, the author is succeeded by writing this. What we can understand
from this chapter is that even in writing it is unlikely that the two countries will be one. I person-
 28

ally appreciate the author’s way of conveying a message sitting somewhere deep inside every-
one’s heart who seek peace and love. We are in for a comprehensive study on history and war.
History sees and narrates events and its side effects on human lives from a rationalized perspec-
tive and war gives us loss of life’s and sadness to millions of families.

The author forces us to question whether our fate is in the hands of a few important and des-
ignated, chosen people as we have been told to speculate that certain things cannot be achieved
and the current latitude will continue, or if everything belongs to a higher set of causes inaccessi-
ble to human reason. Although at some point it may seem we are simply seeing outcome the wars
had played on the lives of these families, Author is taking us to a way bigger and more interest-
ing quest. The author has beautifully penned down this dream without any fear and has definitely
given it a content closure. From showing the fearsome aspect of the lead character to showing
her fears and vulnerabilities, the author tries to convey the essence of human behaviour which
doesn’t change even in the coming decades. Though our lives would have been overshadowed by
technologies and advancements but the basic need for companionship remains intact. The most
promising part of the story would be the idea of proliferation of love and peace in a society were
war and intolerance were trending. Young people and future generations oppose the war and vio-
lences. The want to live in peace and harmony. Here, author points out that no matter how long it
takes, India and Pakistan will not be one. In my opinion the outcome of partition has been nicely
written by the author. Hats off to the author for her imagination which features a power to make a
hope in one’s mind and soul. How nice it might if two countries which was once called together
would reunite. How good it would be if the tension between two countries would solve and live
in peace. This is the power of fiction. Fiction exalts the imagination. Anything that does not hap-
pen in reality can be written down through fiction. There are a lot of people in both sides of the
border who want to meet one another. Pakistan and India were like two brothers who were at log-
gerheads with each other, after the division of their parental property. Both always felt that they
had gotten a raw deal. The country had been divided in 1947, A line had been drawn which had
been divided the country into two. A lot of water had passed under the bridge since then. Many
wars had been fought. Some government in-between had also taken initiatives and began a peace
process-not once, but repeatedly. But all the peace initiatives only ended with fireworks across
the border. A lot of blood had been shed on each side of the border. It had been a nightmarish
 29

time, of which there were only bitter memories. The partition had created a deep wound in
threarts of the people. It is believed that with time, every wounds ultimately heals.
 30

Bibliography

Primary source
Trivedi, Rashmi. 2047-The Unifier. Bluerose publishers, 2019.

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Ansari, Sarah. “How the Partition of India Happened-and Why its Effects Are Still Felt Today”.

The Conversation,10 August.2017,theconversation.com

Artistic Depiction of the Partition of India,wikipedia.org

Dalrymple, William. “The Great Divide: The Violent Legacy of India Partition”. The New

Yorker,22 June.2015,www.newyorker.com.

Ganeshan, Shankar. “The Partition of India and Pakistan in the novels of selected writers in south

countries”. research gate, February 2020, www.researchgate.net.

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