Maths Unit 4

UNIT NO.
4
MULTIPLE INTEGRALS
SECTION 1
a √ a 2− y 2
Ques 1: Evaluate ∫ ∫ √a 2−x 2− y 2 dx dy .
0 0
Soln : Given ,
[∫√ ]
a √ a2 − y 2
I =∫
2 2 2
a −x − y dx dy
0 0
[ x √ a −x a
]
2 2 2
−1 x
∴∫ √ a −x dx=
2 2
+ sin
2 2 a
a
I =∫ ¿ ¿ ¿
0
[ a 2− y 2 −1 √ a2− y 2
]
a
I =∫ 0+ sin −0−0 dy
0
2 √ a2− y 2
[ ]
a
a2 − y 2 −1
I =∫ sin ( 1 ) dy
0 2
MENTOR SERIES 1
Page 2 of 55 MENTORSERIES
[ ]
a
a2 − y 2 π
I =∫ . dy
0 2 2
a
π
I = ∫ ( a − y ) dy
2 2
4 0
[ ]
a
π 2 y3
I = a . y−
4 3 0
π 3 a3
I= a −
4 3 [ ]
π 3
I= a
6
Que2 : Evaluate ∬ ( x+ y ) dx dy over the area bounded by

2
x2 y 2
the ellipse 2 + 2 =1.
a b
Soln = Given ,
2 2
x y
For Ellipse , + =1
a2 b 2
2 2
y x
⇒ 2
=1− 2
b a
Mentorseries.in
MENTORSERIES Page 3 of 55
b 2 2
y=±
a
√a −x
Then the region of integration ,
b 2 2 b 2 2
−a ≤ x ≤ a ,−
a
√ a −x ≤ y ≤ √ a −x
a
b 2 2
a a
√a − x
∴∬ ( x+ y ) dx dy=∫ ∫ ( x 2 +2 xy+ y 2) dx dy
2
R −a −b 2 2
a
√ a −x
b 2 2 b 2 2
a a
√a − x a a
√ a −x
∴=∫ ∫ ( x 2 + y 2 ) dx dy+∫ ∫ ( 2 xy ) dx dy
−a −b 2 2 −a −b 2 2
a
√ a −x a
√a − x
{( x 2 + y 2 ) is an even function∧2 xy is an odd function of y }
[ ]
b 2 2
a a
√ a −x
∴ ∫ ∫ ( 2 xy ) dx dy=0
−a −b 2 2
a
√ a −x
Then,
b 2 2 b 2 2
a a
√ a −x a a
√a − x
¿∫ 2 ∫ ( x 2 + y 2 ) dx dy+ 0=∫ 2 ∫ ( x2 + y 2 ) dx dy
−a 0 −a 0
[ ]
a 3 b √ a2−x 2
y
¿ 2∫ 2 a
x . y+ dx
−a
3 0
Mentorseries.in
[ ]
a 3
b 2 2 b ( 2 2) 2 2
¿ 2.2∫ x .
2
a
√ a −x + 3 a −x √a −x dx
0 3a
π
[ ( ) ]
2
ab3 3 (
¿ ∫ 2 a b ( 1+cos 2 θ ) + −a b 1+ cos 2θ+ 2cos 2θ ) dθ
3 2
0 3
[ ( )( )]
2
ab3 3 (1+cos 4 θ)
¿ ∫ 2 a b ( 1+cos 2 θ ) +
3
−a b 1+ +2 cos 2 θ dθ
0 3 2
[ ( ) ]
2
ab3
¿ ∫ 2 a b+2 a bcos 2 θ+
3 3 3
−a b ( 3+cos 4 θ+ 4 cos 2 θ ) dθ
0 3
[ }( )( ]
π
π ab 3 3 2
−a b
{ { } { })
2
sin 2 θ 3 sin 4 θ sin 2θ
¿∫ 2 a3 b+2 a3 b + 3θ + +4
0 2 2 4 2 0
( )( [
ab 3 3
−a b
3 π
¿ 2 a b −0 +0+
2 (
3
2 )
π
3 −0 +0+ 0
2 ])
¿ a+[ 3 ab3
4
−3
ba 3
4
π ]
π
ab ( a + b )
2 2
¿
4
x=a sinθ , x=0⇒ θ=0
Mentorseries.in
π
dx=a cosdθ , x=a ⇒θ=
2
Put the value of x →

π
{ }
2
b 2 2 2 b3 2 2 2
¿ 4 ∫ a sin θ .
2 2
a
√ a −a sin θ+ 3 (a −a sin θ) √ a −a sin θ a cosθ dθ
2 2 2
0 3a
π
( )
2
b3
¿ 4 ∫ a 2 b cosθ . sin2 θ+ cos3 θ a cosθ dθ
0 3
π
( )
2 3
ab
¿ 4 ∫ a b cos θ . sin θ+
3 2 2 4
cos θ dθ
0 3
π
( )
2
a b3
¿ 4 ∫ a b cos θ . ( 1−cos θ ) +
3 2 2 4
cos θ dθ
0 3
π
2
¿ 4∫ ¿ ¿
0
(∵ cos
2 cos θ=1+ cos 2θ )
2
2 θ=2 cos θ−1
2
π
2
¿∫ ¿ ¿
0
π
2
¿∫ ¿ ¿
0
Mentorseries.in
Que3 : Evaluate ∭ ( x + y + z ) dx dy dz where R :

R
0 ≤ x ≤ 1; 1 ≤ y ≤ 2; 2 ≤ z ≤ 3. (2015−16
2017−18 )
Soln : Given,
I=∭ ( x+ y+ z ) dx dy dz
R
321
I =∭ ( x+ y+ z ) dx dy dz
210
[ ]
32 2 1
x
I =∬ + ( y + z ) dy dz
21
2 0
32
I =∬
21
( 12 + y + z ) dy dz
[ ]
3 2 2
1 y
I =∫ . y + + z . y dz
2
2 2 1
[ ]
3
1 ( 2 −1 ) 2 2
I =∫ . ( 2−1 ) + + z . ( 2−1 ) dz
2 2 2
[ ]
3
1 3
I =∫ + + z dz
2 2 2
3
I =∫ [ 2+ z ] dz
2
Mentorseries.in
[ ]
2 3
z
I = 2. z +
2 2
(3 ¿ ¿2−2 )
2
I =2 ( 3−2 ) + ¿
2
5 9
I =2+ ⇒ I=
2 2
Que 4 : Evaluate the triple integral
1 √ 1− x2 √ 1−x 2− y 2
∫∫ ∫ ( xyz ) dx dy dz . ( 2016−17 )
0 0 0
Soln : Given ,
1 √ 1−x 2 √ 1−x 2− y 2
I =∫ ∫ ∫ ( xyz ) dx dy dz
0 0 0
[ ]
1 √ 1−x 2 2 √1− x2 − y2
z
I =∫ ∫ xy . dx dy
0 0 2 0
1 √ 1−x 2 2 2
1−x − y
I =∫ ∫ xy .( ) dx dy
0 0 2
1 √1− x2
x
I =∫ ∫ 2 3
( y−x y− y )dy dx
0 2 0
[ ]
1 2 2 4 √ 1−x 2
y y y
I =∫ −x2 −
0
2 2 4 0
Mentorseries.in
1
x
I =∫ ¿ ¿
0 2
[ ]
1 2 2
x (1−x )
I =∫ dx
0 2 4
1
1
I=
80
∫ x [1+ x 4 −2 x2 ] dx
1
1
I = ∫ [ x + x −2 x ] dx
5 3
80
[ ]
1 2 6 4 1
1 x x x
I= ∫ + −2 dx
80 2 6 4 0
I=
1 1 1
[
+ −2.
8 2 6
1
4 ]
1
I=
48
Que 5 : Change the order of integration and hence evaluate

1 2− x
∫ ∫ xy dy dx .
0 x
2
(2014−15
2015−16 )
OR
1 2−x
Change the order of integration in I =∫ ∫ xy dy dx .

0 2
x
( 2017−18 )
Mentorseries.in
Soln : Given ,
x=1 y=2−x
I= ∫ ∫ xy dy dx .
x=0 y=x
2
Region of integration → x=0∧x=1

2
y=x ∧ y =2−x
After changing ,
y=0 ¿ y =2
x=√ y ¿ x =2− y
1 2−x
I =∫ ∫ xy dy dx .
0 x
2
After changing order of integration,

1 √y 2 2− y
I =∫ ∫ xy dx dy +∫ ∫ xy dx dy
0 x2 1 0
[ ]
[ ]
1 √y 2 2− y
x2 x2
I =∫ y dy+∫ y dy
0
2 0 1
2 0
∫ [ ] ∫[ ]
1 2
y (2− y )2
I= y −0 dy + y −0 dy
0 2 1 2
Mentorseries.in
1 2
1 1
I=
20
∫ y dy+ ∫ y ( 4 + y −4 y ) dy
2
21
2
1 2
1 1
I = ∫ y dy+ ∫ ( 4 y + y −4 y ) dy
2 3 2
20 21
[ ] [ ]
1 2
1 y3 1 4 y2 y4 y3
I= + + −
2 3 0 2 2 4 3 1
1 1 1
I= . + ¿
2 3 2
1 1 3 15
2 4 [
7 1 1 72+ 45−112
I = + 4. + −4. = +
6 2 3 6 2 12 ] [ ]
1 5 9 3
I= + = =
6 24 24 8
1 2−x
I =∫ ∫ xy dy dx .
0 x
2
[ ]
1 2−x
y2
I =∫ x dx
0
2 x
2
∫ [ ]
1 2 4
(2−x ) −x
I= x dx
0 2
1
1
I=
20
∫ ( 4 x−4 x 2 + x 3−x 5 ) dx
Mentorseries.in
[ ]
2 3 4 6 1
1 4x 4x x x
I= − + −
2 2 2 4 6 0
I=
1
2 [
4 1 1
2− + −
3 4 6 ]
I=
2 [
1 48−32+ 6−4
24 ]
3
I=
8
1 2−x 1 √y 2 2− y
3
Hence I =∫ ∫ xy dy dx=∫ ∫ xy dx dy+∫ ∫ xy dx dy=
0 x2 0 x2 1 0 8
Que6 : Changing the order of integration in the double

8 2
integration ∫∫ f ( x , y ) dx dy leads to the Value

0 x
4
2 q
I =∫ ∫ f ( x , y ) dx dy what is the value of q ?
r p
Soln : Given ,
x=8 y=2
I= ∫ ∫ f (x , y ) dy dx
x=0 x
y=
4
Region of Integration,
x=0∧x=8
Mentorseries.in
x
y= ∧ y=2
4
After Changing,
y=0∧ y =0
x=4 y∧x=0
Then,
2 4y
I =∫ ∫ f ( x , y ) dx dy−−−−−−−Eq n(i)
0 0
2 q
I =∫ ∫ f ( x , y ) dx dy−−−−−−−Eq n(ii)
r p
On Comparing both Eqn (i) & Eqn (ii) ,
q=4 y
dx dy dz π2
Que 7 : Prove that ∭ = , the integral
√ 1−x 2− y 2−z 2 8
being
extended to all positive value of the Variables for

which
the expression is real. (2013−14

2015−16 )
Mentorseries.in
Soln : Given ,
dx dy dz
I =∭
√1−x2− y 2−z 2
For real values ,
x 2+ y 2+ z 2 <1
Hence , The integral is extended for all positive values of

variables.
i.e x >0 , y> 0 , z > 0
Then , 0< x 2 + y 2 + z 2<1
The region of Integration ,
z=0 , z= √ 1−x − y (i . e . x 2 + y 2 + z 2=1)

2 2
y=0 , y =√1−x 2 (i . e . x 2 + y 2=1)
We know that x 2+ y 2+ z 2=1 is the volume of the sphere in the

positive octant.
By changing cartesian co-ordinates (x,y,z) to spherical polar co-

ordinates (r , θ , φ).
Put , x=rsinθ . cosφ
Mentorseries.in
y=rsinθ. sinφ
z=rcosθ
So that ,
2 2 2 2
x + y + z =r
For the volume of sphere x 2+ y 2+ z 2=1 in the positive octant ,

π π
r varies from 0 to 1 , θ varies from 0 to & φ varies from 0 to
2 2
.
We know ,
π π
2 2 1 2
dx dy dz r sinθdr dθ dφ
∴∭ =∫∫∫
V √ 1−x 2− y 2−z 2 0 0 0 √1−r 2
π π
2 2 1
1−(1−r 2)
¿ ∫ ∫∫ sinθ dr dθ dφ
0 0 0 √1−r 2
π π
2 2 1
¿ ∫ ∫∫
0 0 0
(√ 1
1−r 2
2
)
−√ 1−r sinθ dr dθ dφ
π π
[ )]
1
(
r √ 1−r 2 1 −1
2 2
¿ ∫∫
−1
sin r − + sin r sinθdθ dφ
0 0 2 2 0
π π
([ π2 −0)− {0−0+ 12 ( π2 −0)}] sinθ dθ dφ

2 2
¿ ∫∫
0 0
Mentorseries.in
π π
2 2
π
¿ ∫∫ sinθ dθ dφ
0 0 4
π
2 π
π
¿ ∫ [−cosθ ]04 dφ
0 4
π
2
π
¿∫ .1dφ
0 4
( )
2
π π
¿ −0 = π
4 2 8
Hence Proved.
Que 8 : Evaluate by changing the variables ∬ ( x + y ) dx dy

2
where R is the region bounded by the parallelogram

x + y=0 , x + y=0 , 3 x−2 y=0∧3 x−2 y=0.
Soln : Let ,
u=x+ y ----------------Eq n(i)
v=3 x−2 y ----------------Eq n(ii)
Eqn(i)*2 + Eqn(ii)→
2 u+v =5 x
Mentorseries.in
1
x= ( 2 u+v )
5
Now ,
| |
2 1
δ( x , y) 5 5 = −1
J= =
δ (u , v) 3 −1 5
5 5
The region of Integration →
u=0 ¿ u=2
v=0 ¿ v =3
I =∬ (x+ y)2 dx dy
R
3 2
2 1
I =∫ ∫ u . du dv
0 0 5
[ ]
3 3 2
1 u
I= ∫ dv
50 3 0
[]
3
1 8
I= ∫ dv
50 3
8
I= [3−0]
15
Mentorseries.in
8
I=
5
Que 9 : Evaluate ∬ xy ( x+ y ) dx dy over the area between
2
y=x ∧ y =x .
Soln : Given ,
2
y=x ∧ y =x
x=x 2
x ( x−1 )=0
x=0∧x=1
Region of the Integration →
x=0∧x=1
y=x ∧ y=¿ x 2
¿ ∬ xy ( x+ y ) dx dy
R
2
1 x
¿ ∫ ∫ ( x 2 y + x y 2) dy dx
0 x
[ ]
2
1 2 3 x
y y
¿∫ x 2
+x dx
0 2 3 x
Mentorseries.in
[ ]
1 4 2 6 3
(x −x ) ( x −x )
¿∫ x2 +x dx
0 2 3
∫[ ]
1
2 x 7 +3 x 6−5 x 4
¿ dx
0 6
[ ]
8 7 5 1
1 2 x 3x 5 x
¿ + −
6 8 7 5 0
¿
[
1 1 3
+ −1
6 4 7 ]
¿
6 [
1 7+12−28 1 −9 −3
28
= . =
6 28 28 ]
∴ Area will not be relative then
3
∬ xy ( x + y ) dx dy= 28
R
Que 10 : Evaluate ∬ (x + y )2 dx dy . Where R is the

R
Parallelogram in the xy-plane with Vertices (1,0) , (3,1) ,
(2,2) , (0,1) using the tranformation u=x+ y ∧v =x−2 y .
Soln : Given ,
u=x+ y ------------------------Eq(i)
v=x−2 y ------------------------Eq(ii)
Mentorseries.in
Eq(i)*2 + Eq(ii) →
2 u+v =3 x
1
x= (2u+ v )
3
Eq(i) - Eq(ii) →
u−v=3 y
1
y= (u−v )
3
The vertices A(1,0) , B(3,1) , C(2,2) & D(0,1) of the parallelogram

ABCD in the xy-plane will
become the vertices A’(1,1) , B’(4,1) , C’(4,-2) & D’(1,-2) in the uv-
plane after the
transformation.
| || |
δx δx 2 1
δ( x , y) δu δv = 3 3 = −1
∴J= =
δ(u , v) δy δy 1 −1 3
δu δv 3 3
1 4
2 1
∴∬ ( x + y ) dx dy=∬ u .|J|. du dv =∫ ∫ u . .du dv
2 2
R R
'
−2 1 3
[ ]
1 4 1
¿∫
−2
1 u3
3 3 1
1
dv= ∫
3 −2
64−1
3 (
dv )
Mentorseries.in
63 1
¿ [v ]−2=7 ( 1+2 )=21
9
SECTION 2
Que 1 : Find the volume of the cylindrical column standing on

the area common to the parabola x= y 2 , y=x 2 as basic & cut-
off by the surface z=12+ y −x2 . ( 2013−14 )
Soln : Given ,
V =∭ dx dy dz
V
The Region of Integration →
x=0∧x=1
Mentorseries.in
y=x ∧ y =√ x
2
2
z=0∧z=12+ y−x
x=1 y= √ x z=12+ y− x
2
V= ∫ ∫ ∫ dz dy dx
x=0 y=x 2 z =0
1 √x 2
V =∫ ∫ [ z ]0
12+ y− x
dy dx
0 x2
1 √x
V =∫ ∫ ( 12+ y−x 2 ) dy dx
0 x2
[ ]
1 2 √x
y
V =∫ 12 y + −x 2 y dx
0 2 x2
∫[ ]
1
(x−x 4 ) 2
V= 12 ( √ x−x 2 ) + −x ( √ x −x 2) dx
0 2
1
1
V = ∫ ( 24 √ x −24 x + x−2 x √ x + x ) dx
2 2 4
20
[ ]
3 7 1
2 3 2 2 5
1 x x x x x
V= 24 −24 + −2 +
2 3 3 2 7 5
2 2 0
V=
1
2 [ 1 2 1 560+35−40+ 14 569
16−8+ − + =
2 7 5 140
=
140 ]
Mentorseries.in
Que 2 : Find by double integration , the area of the region
enclosed by the curves x 2+ y 2=a2 , x+ y=a in the
first quadrant . ( 2014 )
Soln : Given ,
A=∬ dx dy
The region of Integration ,
x=0 ¿ x=a
y=x −a∧ y=√ a2−x 2

a √ a2−x 2
A=∫ ∫ dy dx
0 x−a
a
A=∫ [ y ]√x−a
2 2
a −x
dx
0
a
A=∫ [ √ a2−x 2−x +a ] dx
0
[ ]
2 2 a
x 2 2 a −1 x x
A= √ a −x + sin ax+
2 2 a 2 0
[
A= 0+
a2 −1 a
2
sin
a
a2
2
a
2
0
−a . a+ −0− sin−1 −a .0−
a
02
2 ]
Mentorseries.in
2 2
a π a
A= . −
2 2 2
a2 (π −2)
A=
2
Que 3 : Determine the area bounded by the curve xy = 2 ,
4y = x 2∧ y=4.
Soln : Given ,
curve , xy=2 -----------------(i)
4 y=x 2 ----------------(ii)
y=4
From Eq(i) and Eq(ii) →
2 2
4. =x
x
x=2
y=1
Area of shaded Region ,
A=∬ dx dy
R
Mentorseries.in
4 2 √y
A=∫ ∫ dx dy
1 2
y
4
A=∫ [ x ] 2 dy
2√ y
1 y
4
2
A=∫ (2 √ y− ) dy
1 y
[ ]
3 4
y 2
A= 2. −2 log 4
3
2 1
[ ]
3 3
4
A= 4 2 −1 2 −2 [ log 4−log1 ]
3
4
A= ( 8−1 ) −2 [ 2 log 2−0 ]
3
28
A= −4 log 2
3
Que 4 : Compute the areas bounded by the lemniscate

2 2
r =a cos 2θ .
Mentorseries.in
Soln : Given ,
Eqn of Cemniscate , r 2=a2 cos 2θ
r =a √ cos 2θ
Required Area (A) ,

π
4 a √ cos 2 θ
A=4 ∫ ∫ r dr dθ
0 0
[ ]
4 a √ cos 2 θ
r2
A=4 ∫ dθ
0 2 0
π
4 2 π
a cos 2 θ 2 sin 2θ 4
A=4 ∫
2
dθ=2 a [ ] =a [1−0]
0 2 2 0
2
A=a
Que 5 : Show by double integration , that the area between the
16 2
parabolas y 2=4 ax∧¿ x 2=4 ay is a.
3
Soln : Given ,
A=∬ dx dy
Region of integration →
Mentorseries.in
x=0∧x=4 a
1 2
y= x ∧ y =2 √ ax
4a
4 a 2 √ ax
A=∫ ∫ dy dx
0 1 2
x
4a
4a
A=∫ [ y ]
2 √ ax
1 2 dx
x
0 4a
[ ]
4a
1
A=∫ 2 √ ax−x
2
dx
0 4a
[ ]
3 4a
2√ a x x2 3
A= −
3 12 a
2 0
32 2 16 2 16 2
A= a− a= a
3 3 3
Proved.
Que 6 : Compute ∭ x 2 dx dy dz over volume of tetrahedron

V
x y z
bounded by x=0 , y=0 , z=0∧¿ + + =1 .
a b c
( 2018 )
Mentorseries.in
Soln : Given ,
I =∭ x 2 dx dy dz
V
{ x y
z=0 , z=c 1− −
a b }
y=0 , y =b {1− }
x
a
x=0 , x=a
a ( ax ) c (1− xa − by )
b 1−
I =∫ ∫ ∫ 2
x dx dy dz
0 0 0
( ax )
b 1−
a
( x y
c 1− − )
I =∫ ∫ 2
x [ z] 0
a b
dy dx
0 0
( ax )
b 1−
[( ]
a
I =∫
0
∫
0
2 x y
x c 1− − −0 dy dx
a b )
( ax )
b 1−
[( ) ]
a
x y
I =∫ ∫ 2
cx 1− − dy dx
0 0 a b
[( ) ] ( )
a 2 b 1− x
x y
I =∫ c x
2 a
1− y − dx
0 a 2b 0
Mentorseries.in
{( )[ ( ] [( ) ]}
a
I =∫ c x
0
2
1−
x
a
x
b 1− −0 −
a
1
2b )
x 2
1− −0 dx
a
{ ( ) ( )}
a 2 2
x b x
I =∫ c x b 1− − 1−
2
dx
0 a 2 a
( )
2
bc
I=
2 0
∫ x2 1− xa dx
[ ]
a
bc x2 2 x
I = ∫ x 1+ 2 −
2
dx
2 0 a a
[ ]
a
bc 2 x3 x4
I= ∫ x −
2
+ dx
2 0 a a2
[ ]
a
bc x3 2 x 4 x 5
I= − +
2 3 4 a 5 a2 0
{[ ] [ ] [ ]}
3 4 5
bc a 1 a 1 a
I= −0 − −0 + −0 dx
2 3 2 a 2 a2
I= − +
2 3 2 5 [
a3 bc 1 1 1
]
a3 bc 1 a3 bc
I= . =
2 30 60
Que 7 : Evaulate ∭ x yx dx dy dz throughout the volume

2
Mentorseries.in
bounded by planes x=0 , y=0 , z=0∧¿
x y z
+ + =1
a b c
Soln : Given ,
I =∭ x yx dx dy dz
2
{ y x
z=0 , z=c 1− −
b a }
y=0 , z=b {1− }
x
a
x=0 , x=a
a ( ax ) c (1− by − xa )
b 1−
I =∫ ∫ ∫ 2
x yz dx dy dz
0 0 0
( ax )
b 1−
[ ] ( )
a y x
z2 c 1− −
I =∫ ∫ 2 b a
x y dy dx
0 0 2 0
( ax )
[ {( ]
b 1−
) }
a 2 2
x y 2 x y
I =∫ ∫ c 1− − −0 dy dx
0 0 2 a b
( ax )
b 1−
[( ) ]
a
( )
2 2 2 2
c x y x y x y
I =∫ ∫ 1− + 2 −2 1− dy dx
0 0 2 a b a b
Mentorseries.in
[( ) ] ( ax )
a
c2 x2
( )
2
x y2 y2 x y3 b 1−
I =∫ 1− + −2 1− . dx
0 2 a 2 4 b2 a 3b 0
[( ) [ ( ) ] [ ( ) ] ( ) (
a 2 2 2 2 4 3
c x x 1 2 x 1 x x y
I =∫ 1− . b 1− −0 + 2 b 4 1− −0 −2 1− . 1−
0 2 a 2 a 4b a a 3b
[ ]( )
a
c 2 x 2 b2 b 2 2 2 x 4
I =∫ + . b 1− dx
0 2 2 4 3 a
a
( )( )
2
1 2 2 x x 2
I= c b ∫ x 2 1− 1− dx
24 0 a a
( )( )
a 2 2
1 x 2x x 2x
I = c2 b2∫ x 2 1+ 2 − 1+ 2 − dx
24 0 a a a a
( )
a 2 2 4 3 3 2
1 2 2 x 2x x x 2x 2x 2x 4x
I = c b ∫ x 1+ 2 − + 2 + 4 − 3 − − 3 + 2 dx
2
24 0 a a a a a a a a
( )
a 2 3 4
1 2 2 4x 6x 4x x
c b ∫ x 1− + 2 − 3 + 4 dx
2
I=
24 0 a a a a
( )
a 3 4 5 6
1 2 2 4 x 6x 4x x
I= c b ∫ x 2− + 2 − 3 + 4 dx
24 0 a a a a
[ ]
3 4 5 6 7 a
1 2 2 x 4 x 6x 4x x
I= c b − + 2− 3+ 4
24 3 4 a 5a 6a 7a 0
{[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]}
3 4 5 6 7
1 2 2 a a 6 a 4 a 1 a
I= c b −0 − −0 + −0 − −0 + −0
24 3 a 5 a2 6 a3 7 a4
Mentorseries.in
1 2 2 x3
[ ]
3
3 6a 2 a 3 a3
I= c b −a + − +
24 3 5 3 7
I=
1 3 2 2 35−105+126−70+15
24
a c b
105 [ ]
1 3 2 2 1
I= a c b .
24 105
1 3 2 2
I= a c b
2520
( )
1 1
x3 2
Que 8 : Using Beta & Gamma function , evaluate ∫ 1−x 3
dx .
0
Soln : Given ,
( )
1 3 1
x
∫ 1−x
3
2
dx−−−−−−(i)
0
2
Put
x 3=sin 2 θ ⇒ x=sin 3 θ
−1
2
dx= sin 3 θ . cosθ dθ∈Eq(i)
3
π
( ) ( )
1 3 1 2 1 −1
x sin 2 θ 2
∫ 1−x 3
dx=∫ 2
2
2
. sin 3 θ . cosθ dθ
3
0 0 1−sin θ
π
( )
2 1 −1
2 sin 2 θ
¿ ∫
3 0 cos 2 θ
2
. sin 3
θ . cosθ dθ
π
2 −1
( ) . sin
1
2 sin θ
¿ ∫ 2 3
θ . cosθ dθ
3 0 cos θ
Mentorseries.in
π
2 2
2
¿
30
∫ sin 3 θ dθ
2
∴ q= ∧q=0
3
{ }
π p+1 q +1
2 Γ Γ
2 2
∫ sin θ cos θ dθ=
p q
p+q +2
∵ 0 2Γ
2
1
∵ Γ =√ π
2
( )
2
+1
3 0+1
Γ Γ
2 2 2
¿
3 2
+ 0+2
3
2Γ
2
( )( )( )
5 1 5 1 5
Γ Γ Γ Γ √πΓ
2 6 2 2 6 2 2 6
¿ = =
3 8 3 4 3 4
Γ Γ Γ
6 3 3
1 2 4 5
Que 9 : Find the value of ∫ x −2
(
x +x
)7
dx
0 1+ x
Soln : Given ,
1 2 4 5
x −2 x + x
I =∫ dx
0 ( 1+ x )7
Mentorseries.in
1 2 1 4 1 5
x x x
I =∫ 7
dx−2∫ 7
dx +∫ 7
dx
0 ( 1+ x ) 0 ( 1+ x ) 0 (1+ x )
¿ I 1−2 I 2 + I 3 −−−−−−− Eq(i)

t t 1
Put x= ⇒ 1+ x=1+ =
1−t 1−t 1−t
t
dx= 2
dt
(1−t)
∴ I 1=∫
1
( )
1−t
t 2
.
t
1
dt=∫ (t) (1−t ) dt

3 2
( )
7 2
0 1 (1−t) 0
1−t
1
I 1=∫ (t )
4−1
( 1−t )3−1 dt=β (4,3)
0
{ }
1
∵∫ ( x)l−1 ( 1−x )m −1 dx=β (l , m)
0
( ) . t dt=∫ ( t ) (1−t)dt
4
t
1 1
1−t
I =∫
4
2
( 1−t1 ) (1−t)
7 2
0 0
1
I 2=∫ (t )
5−1
( 1−t )2−1 dt=β (5,2)
0
( ) . t dt=∫ ( t ) ( 1−t ) dt
5
t
1 1
1−t
I =∫
5 0
3
( 1−t1 ) (1−t )
7 2
0 0
1
I 2=∫ (t )
6−1
( 1−t )1−1 dt=β (6,1)
0
Put the value of I 1 , I 2∧I 3 →
Mentorseries.in
I=β(4,3)-2[β(5,2)]+β(6,1)
¿
Γ4Γ3
Γ ( 4+3 )
−2
(
Γ 5Γ 2
+
Γ 6Γ1
)
Γ (5+ 2 ) Γ ( 6+ 1 )
{∵ β ( l, m )=
ΓlΓm
Γ (l , m) }
¿
Γ 4Γ3
Γ7
−2
Γ7 ( )
Γ 5 Γ 2 Γ 6Γ 1
+
Γ7
¿
Γ3
6∗5∗4
−2
Γ2
6∗5 ( )
+
Γ1
6
{ ∵ Γ (n+1)=n Γn }
¿
2∗1 Γ 1
6∗5∗4
−2
1Γ1 1
+
6∗5 6 ( )
{ ∵ Γ (1)=1 }
1 2 1
¿ − +
6 15 6
1−4 +10
¿
60
7
¿
60
Que 10 : Find the mass of a solid

() () ()
x p y q z r
a
+
b
+
c
=1 , the
density at given at any point being ρ=k xl −1 y m−1 z n−1 ,

where x , y , z are all positive.
Soln : Given ,
() () ()
p q r
x y z
+ + =1
a b c
ρ=k xl −1 y m−1 z n−1
Mentorseries.in
∴ mass=∭ ρdv
¿ ∭ ( k x l−1 y m−1 z n−1) . dx dy dz−−−−(i)
()
p 1
x
Put =u ⇒ x=a .u p
a
1
1 −1
dx=a . u p du
p
()
q 1
y
=v ⇒ y=b . v q dv
b
1
1 −1
dy =b . v q dv
q
()
1
z r
=w ⇒ z=c . w r dw
c
1
1 −1
dz=c . w r dw
r
Then , u+ v+ w ≤ 1, Also u ≥ 0 , v ≥ 0 , w ≥ 0
∵ x , y , z are all positive .
Put the values∈Eq(i)→
( a .u ) ( b . v ) (c . w ) ( )
1 l−1 1 m−1 1 n−1 1
p q r 1 p −1
a. u du
p
Mass=k ∭
( )( )
1 1
1 −1 1 −1
b . v q dv c . w r dw
q r
∭ ( u )( v )( w ) du dv dw
l m n l m n
ku b c p
−1
q
−1
r
−1
¿
pqr
Mentorseries.in
l m n
ku b c l n
¿ ⌈ ¿¿ ⌈ ¿¿¿
pqr p r
{∵ ∭ x
l−1 m−1 n −1
y z dx dy dz =⌈ l ¿ ¿ ⌈ m ⌈ n ¿ ¿ ¿¿ ¿
V
Que 11 : Evaluate I = ∭ x α−1 y β−1 z γ −1 dx dy dz . Where V is

V
region
in the first octant bounded by sphere x 2+ y 2+ z 2=1 &
the co-ordinate planes.
Soln : Given ,
I =∭ x
α −1 β−1 γ −1
y z dx dy dz
V
Let ,
x =u ⇒ x=√ u
2
1
dx= du
2 √u
y =v ⇒ y=√ v
2
1
dy = dv
2 √v
z =w ⇒ z=√ w
2
1
dz= dw
2√w
Then u+ v+ w=1 ,u ≥ , v ≥0 , w ≥ 0
1 1 1
I =∭ ( √ u)
α −1 β −1 γ−1
(√ v ) ( √w) du dv dw
V 2 √u 2√ v 2 √w
Mentorseries.in
α β γ
1 −1 −1 −1 1 α γ
I = ∭ (u) 2 (v) 2 (w) 2 du dv dw= ⌈ ¿ ¿ ⌈ ¿ ¿¿
8 V 8 2 2
2 MARKS QUESTION
2
1 x
Que 1 : Evaluate ∫∫ x e y dx dy (2017−18)
0 0
Soln : Given ,
2
1 x
I =∫ ∫ x e dx dy
y
0 0
1 2
y x
¿∫ x [ e ]0 dx
0
1
¿ ∫ x [ e x −e 0 ] dx
2
1
¿ ∫ x [ e −1 ] dx
2
x
1 1
¿ ∫ x e dx +∫ xdx
2
x
0 0
[ ] [ ]
1 1
ey x2
¿ −
2 0 2 0
Mentorseries.in
[ ]
2
1 (1) ( 0)
[ e −e ]− 1 −0
2 2
¿
2 2
1 1 1
¿ e− −
2 2 2
1
I = e−1
2
Que 2 : Evaluate the area enclosed between the parabola
y=x & the straight line y=x .

2
(2017−18)
Soln : Given ,
Curves , y=x 2∧ y =x
A=∬ dy dx
R
Region of Integration →
x=0 ¿ x=1
y=x 2 ¿ y=x
1 x
A=∫ ∫ dy dx
0 x2
1
A=∫ [ y ] x dx
x
2
Mentorseries.in
1
A=∫ [ x−x ]dx
2
[ ]
2 3 1
x x
A= −
2 3 0
A= [ ][ ]
12−0
2
−
13−0
3
1 1 1
A= − = sq unit
2 3 6
Que 3 : Find the area between the curves , x 2+ y 2=a2 ∧¿
x + y=a. (2013−14)
Soln : Given ,
Curves , x 2+ y 2=a2
x + y=a
The region of Integration 
x=0 ¿ x=a
y=a−x ¿ y=√ a2 −x2
∴ Requried area=∬ dy dx
R
a √ a2−x 2
¿∫ ∫ dy dx
0 a−x
Mentorseries.in
a
¿ ∫ [ y ] √a−x
2 2
a −x
dx
0
a
¿ ∫ [ ( √ a −x )−( a−x ) ] dx
2 2
[ ]
a
1
2
1
¿ x √ a 2−x 2+ a2 sin−1
2
x
a
−ax +
x2
2 () 0
[ ( ( ))
( a √ a2−x 2−0 ) + 1 a 2 sin−1 a −a2 sin−1 0 −a ( a−0 )+ ( a −0 )
() ]
2
1
¿
2 2 a a 2
[ ]
2
1 2 −1 2 a
( )
¿ a sin 1 −a +
2 2
1
¿ a2
2
π a2
2
− ()
2
a2
¿ (π −2)
4
1 1
dxdy
Que : 4 Evaluate ∫∫
0 0 √ 1−x 2 √ 1− y 2
(2015−16)
Soln : Given ,
1 1
dxdy
I =∫ ∫
0 0 √1−x2 √ 1− y 2
Mentorseries.in
1 1
1 1
I =∫ dx .∫ dy
0 √1−x 2
0 √1− y 2
1
1 1
I =∫ dx . [ sin x ]0
−1
0 √1−x2
1
1
I =∫ dx . [ sin ( 1 )−sin ( 0 ) ]
−1 −1
0 √1−x 2
1
I =∫
0 √1−x
1
2
dx . ( π2 −0)
π
I = [sin−1 x ]10
2
π
I=
2
[ sin ( 1 )−sin ( 0 ) ]
−1 −1
I=
[ ]
π
2
−0
I=
π2
2 [ ]
∞
Que 5 : Find the value of integral ∫ e
−ax n−1
ax dx
0
(2015−16)
Soln : Given ,
Mentorseries.in
∞
I =∫ e
−ax n−1
ax dx
0
t
Put , ax=t ⇒ x=
a
dt
dx=
a
Then ,
∞
()
n−1
t dt
I =∫ e
−t
0 a a
∞
1
I = n ∫ e ( t ) dt
−t n−1
a 0
{
∞
1
I= ⌈ n¿¿ ∵∫ e ( x )
−x l−1
n dx =⌈ l ¿ ¿
a 0
Que 6 : If the volume of an object expressed in spherical co-
ordinates as following:
2π π 1
V =∫ ∫∫ r sinφdr dφ dθ . Evaluate the value of V.
2
0 0 0
(2016−17)
Mentorseries.in
Soln : Given ,
2π π 1
V =∫ ∫ ∫ r sinφdr dφ dθ
2
0 0 0
[ ]
2π π 3 1
r
V =∫ ∫ sinφ dr dφ dθ
0 0
3 0
2π π 3
(1) −0
V =∫ ∫ [ ] sinφ dr dφ dθ
0 0 3
2π π
1
V= ∫∫ sinφ dr dφ dθ
3 0 0
2π
1
V = ∫ [−cosφ ] 0 dθ
π
3 0
2π
1
V= ∫ [cos 0−cos π ]dθ
3 0
2π
1
V = ∫ [cos 0−cos π ]dθ
3 0
2π
1
V= ∫ [1−(−1 ) ] dθ
3 0
2π
2
V = ∫ dθ
3 0
2 2π
V = [θ ]0
3
Mentorseries.in
2 4π
V = [ 2 π−0 ] =
3 3
Que 7 : The parabolic are y= √ x ,1 ≤ x ≤ 2 is revolved
around x-axis . Find the volume of solid revolution.
(2016−17)
Soln : Given ,
y= √ x ,1 ≤ x ≤ 2
b
∴ Volume of the of revolution=∫ π y dx
2
2
¿ ∫ πx dx
1
2
¿ π ∫ x dx
1
[ ]
2
x2
¿π
2 1
¿π [
22−12
2 ]
¿π
[ ] 4−1
2
3π
¿
2
Mentorseries.in
2
1 x y
Que 8 : Evaluate ∫ ∫ e x dx dy . (2018−19)
0 0
Soln : Given ,
2
1 x y
I =∫ ∫ e x dx dy
0 0
[]
2
y x
1 x
e
I =∫ dx
0 1
x 0
[ ]
1 x2 0
I =∫ x e −e x dx x
1
I =∫ x [ e x −1 ] dx
0
1 1
I =∫ x e dx−∫ x dx
x
0 0
( ) [ ]
1 1 1 1
d x2
I =x ∫ e dx−∫x
x . ∫ e x dx−
0 0 dx 0 2 0
[ ]
1
x 1 x2
I =[ x e −e ] 0−
x
2 0
I =[ 1 e −e −0. e + e −
1 1 0 0
] [ ] 12−0
2
Mentorseries.in
1
I =1−
2
1
I=
2
2 1
Que 8 : Evaluate ∫∫ (x 2+3 y 2 )dy dx . (2019−20)
0 0
Soln : Given ,
2 1
I =∫ ∫ ( x +3 y )dy dx
2 2
0 0
[ ]
2 1
3 y3
I =∫
2
x y+ dx
0
3 0
2
I =∫ ( x [ 1−0 ] + [ 1 −0 ]) dx
2 3
2
I =∫ ( x ¿¿ 2+1)dx ¿
0
[ ]
3 2
x
I= +x
3 0
I =¿
14
I=
2
Mentorseries.in
Que 9 : Find the area lying between the parabola y=4 x−x 2
¿ above the line y=x . (2019−20)
Soln : Given ,
2
y=4 x−x
Line , y=x
The region of Integration 
x=0 ¿ x=3
2
y=x ¿ y=4 x−x
2
3 4 x−x
∴ Required area ( A )=∫ ∫ dy dx
0 x
3
A=∫ [ y ] x
4 x−x 2
dx
0
3
A=∫ [ 4 x−x −x ] dx
2
3
A=∫ [ 4 x−x −x ] dx
2
3
A=∫ ( 3 x−x ) dx
2
Mentorseries.in
[ ]
2 3 3
3x x
A= −
2 3 0
A=¿
27 9
A= −9= sq unit
2 2
Que 10 : Calculate the volume of the solid bounded by the
surface x=0 , y=0 , x + y + z=1∧z =0.
Soln : Given Surface , (2020−21)
y=0 , x + y + z=1∧z=0
The region of Integration
z=0 ¿ z=1−x− y
y=0 ¿ y =1−x
x=0 ¿ x=1
1 1−x 1− x− y
∴ Required volume (V )=∫ ∫ ∫ dz dy dx
0 0 0
1 1− x
V =∫ ∫ [ z ]0
1−x− y
dy dx
0 0
1 1− x
V =∫ ∫ [ 1−x− y−0 ] dy dx
0 0
Mentorseries.in
1 1− x
V =∫ ∫ (1−x− y)dy dx
0 0
[ { }]
1
( 1−x )2−0
V =∫ ( 1−x ) [ ( 1−x ) −0 ] − dx
0
2
{ }
1
( 1−x )2
V =∫ ( 1−x )2− dx
0 2
1
1
V = ∫ (1−2 x+ x )dx
2
20
[ ]
2 3 1
1 x x
V = x−2. +
2 2 3 0
[ ( 1 −0 )
]
3
1
V= ( 1−0 ) −( 12−0 ) +
2 3
V=
1
2[1−1+
1
3 ]
1
V = cubic units
6
−3
Que 11 : Evaluate ⌈ ¿¿
2
1 −1 −1
Soln : ⌈ ¿¿= ⌈ ¿¿ { ∵ ⌈ n+1 =n ⌈ n ¿ ¿
2 2 2
1
⌈ ¿¿
2
Mentorseries.in
⌈ π= ( −12 )( −32 ) ⌈ −32 ¿ ¿ {∵ ⌈ 12 =√ π ¿¿

4 −3
√ π =⌈ ¿ ¿
3 2
−3
⌈ ¿¿
2
Que 12 : For αβ function , show that β ( p , q )=β ( p+1 , q )+¿
β ( p , q+ 1 ) .
Soln : β ( p+1 , q )+ β ( p , q+1 )

1 1
¿ ∫ x ( 1−x ) dx +∫ x
p q −1 p−1
( 1−x )q dx
0 0
1
¿∫ x ( 1−x )q −1 [ x−( 1−x ) ] dx
p−1
{ }
1
∵ β ( l, m )=∫ x
l−1
( 1−x )m −1 dx
0
1
¿∫ x
p−1
( 1−x )q −1 dx
0
β ( p+1 , q )+ β ( p , q+1 )=β ( p , q)
Hence Proved.
Mentorseries.in
Que 13 : Find the value of ∭ log ( x + y + z ) dx dy dz the
Integral extending over all positive & zero values of
x , y , z subject to the condition x + y + z< 1.
Soln : According to Liouville’s theorem when h1 < x + y + z <h2
∭ f ( x + y + z ) xl−1 y m−1 z n−1 dx dy dz

h1
¿ ⌈ l¿ ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿∫ f ( u ) ul+m +n−1 du
h2
Now , 0< x + y + z <1 ,then ,
∭ log ( x + y + z ) dx dy dz
¿ ∭ log ( x+ y+ z ) x
1−1 1−1 1−1
y z dx dy dz
1
¿ ⌈ 1¿ ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿∫ (logu) u
1+1 +1−1
du
0
1
¿ ¿
⌈ 3¿
( )
1 1 1
1 d
¿ logu ∫ u2 du−∫ ( logu )∫ u 2 du du
2 0 0 du 0
[ ]
3 3 1
1 u u
¿ logu. −
2 3 9 0
Mentorseries.in
¿
1
2[0−0−
[ 13−0 ]
9 ]
1
¿−
18
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
∞ ∞
Que 1 : Evaluate ∫ ∫ e
2 2
−(x + y )
dx dy by changing to polar
0 0
∞
Co-ordinates , Hence show that ∫ e
−x
2
=¿ ¿
√π
0 2
Soln : (2018−19)
Que 2 : Change the order of integration and the evaluate

2 3− x
∫ ∫ xy dy dx . (2018−19)
0 x
2
8
Soln : I =
3
Que 3 : Evaluate ∬ ( x+ y ) dx dy , where R is the parallelogram

2
Mentorseries.in
in the xy-plane with vertices (1,0) , (3,1) , (2,2) & (0,1)
using the transformation u=x+ y , v =x−2 y .
Soln : 21 (2019−20)
Que 4 : Find the volume of the region bounded by the surface

2 2
y=x , x = y & the plane z=0 & z=3. (2020−21)
Soln :
Que 5 : Evaluate by changing the variables , ∬ ( x+ y ) dx dy

2
Where R is the region bounded by the parallelogram
x + y=0 , x + y=2 , 3 x −2 y =0∧3 x−2 y=3.
8
Soln : (2020−21)
5
Que 6 : Evaluate the following integral by changing the order of

∞ ∞ −y
e
Integration ∫ ∫ dy dx . (2020−21)
0 0 y
Soln : 1.
Mentorseries.in
Que 7 : A triangular thin plate with vertices (0,0) , (2,0) , (2,4) has
Density ρ=1+ x+ y . Then find
1. The mass of the plate. (2020−21)

2. The position of it’s centre of gravity G.
Que 8 : Prove that β ( m, m )=2

−1−2 m
( 12 ) .
β m,
Soln :
Que 9 : Find the area & the mass contained in the first quadrant
enclosed by the curve

a() ()
x α y β
+
b
=1. Where α >0 ,
β >0 given that density at any point P(x,y) is k √ xy .
Que 10 : Find the mass of an octant of the ellipsoid
x2 y 2 z 2
+ + =1 , the density at any point being
a2 b 2 c2
ρ=kxyz .
Mentorseries.in
Mentorseries.in

Maths Unit 4

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UNIT NO.

Que2 : Evaluate ∬ ( x+ y ) dx dy over the area bounded by

{( x 2 + y 2 ) is an even function∧2 xy is an odd function of y }

x=a sinθ , x=0⇒ θ=0

Put the value of x →

Que3 : Evaluate ∭ ( x + y + z ) dx dy dz where R :

Que 4 : Evaluate the triple integral

Que 5 : Change the order of integration and hence evaluate

Change the order of integration in I =∫ ∫ xy dy dx .

Region of integration → x=0∧x=1

After changing order of integration,

Que6 : Changing the order of integration in the double

integration ∫∫ f ( x , y ) dx dy leads to the Value

On Comparing both Eqn (i) & Eqn (ii) ,

extended to all positive value of the Variables for

the expression is real. (2013−14

Hence , The integral is extended for all positive values of

i.e x >0 , y> 0 , z > 0

Then , 0< x 2 + y 2 + z 2<1

The region of Integration ,

z=0 , z= √ 1−x − y (i . e . x 2 + y 2 + z 2=1)

y=0 , y =√1−x 2 (i . e . x 2 + y 2=1)

We know that x 2+ y 2+ z 2=1 is the volume of the sphere in the

By changing cartesian co-ordinates (x,y,z) to spherical polar co-

Put , x=rsinθ . cosφ

For the volume of sphere x 2+ y 2+ z 2=1 in the positive octant ,

([ π2 −0)− {0−0+ 12 ( π2 −0)}] sinθ dθ dφ

Que 8 : Evaluate by changing the variables ∬ ( x + y ) dx dy

where R is the region bounded by the parallelogram

u=x+ y ----------------Eq n(i)

v=3 x−2 y ----------------Eq n(ii)

The region of Integration →

Que 9 : Evaluate ∬ xy ( x+ y ) dx dy over the area between

Region of the Integration →

Que 10 : Evaluate ∬ (x + y )2 dx dy . Where R is the

Parallelogram in the xy-plane with Vertices (1,0) , (3,1) ,

(2,2) , (0,1) using the tranformation u=x+ y ∧v =x−2 y .

The vertices A(1,0) , B(3,1) , C(2,2) & D(0,1) of the parallelogram

Que 1 : Find the volume of the cylindrical column standing on

The Region of Integration →

Que 2 : Find by double integration , the area of the region

enclosed by the curves x 2+ y 2=a2 , x+ y=a in the

first quadrant . ( 2014 )

The region of Integration ,

y=x −a∧ y=√ a2−x 2

Que 3 : Determine the area bounded by the curve xy = 2 ,

curve , xy=2 -----------------(i)

From Eq(i) and Eq(ii) →

Area of shaded Region ,

Que 4 : Compute the areas bounded by the lemniscate

Eqn of Cemniscate , r 2=a2 cos 2θ

Required Area (A) ,

Que 5 : Show by double integration , that the area between the

Que 6 : Compute ∭ x 2 dx dy dz over volume of tetrahedron

The Region of Integration →

Que 7 : Evaulate ∭ x yx dx dy dz throughout the volume

bounded by planes x=0 , y=0 , z=0∧¿

The Region of Integration →

¿ I 1−2 I 2 + I 3 −−−−−−− Eq(i)