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Soil Question & Answer

Terzaghi's bearing capacity equation for square and circular foundations includes terms for cohesion of soil, bearing capacity factors, and foundation width or diameter. Uniform settlement does not induce stresses in a structure, while differential settlement can. The active earth pressure coefficient for a soil with a friction angle of 30 degrees is 0.333. Sand drains are used to accelerate consolidation in low permeability soils. The long-term strength of intact rock is generally higher than its intact material strength due to fractures and infillings.

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Sameh Allaoui
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42 views7 pages

Soil Question & Answer

Terzaghi's bearing capacity equation for square and circular foundations includes terms for cohesion of soil, bearing capacity factors, and foundation width or diameter. Uniform settlement does not induce stresses in a structure, while differential settlement can. The active earth pressure coefficient for a soil with a friction angle of 30 degrees is 0.333. Sand drains are used to accelerate consolidation in low permeability soils. The long-term strength of intact rock is generally higher than its intact material strength due to fractures and infillings.

Uploaded by

Sameh Allaoui
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1) Terzaghi's bearing capacity equation for square

and circular foundations respectively are:


qu = cNc + \small \gammaDfNq + 0.4\small
\gammaBN\small \gammaand
qu = cNc + \small \gammaDfNq + 0.3\small
\gammaBN\small \gamma
Where c - cohesion of soil, Nc, Nq and N\small
\gamma are bearing capacity factors that depend on
c and \small \phi, and B is the side of square /
diameter of circular foundation. Thus the correct
answer is (d) all of the above.

2) Uniform settlement does not induce any stress in the structural


members. At the same time rate of settlement affects the functionality
of the structure without inducing any additional stresses in the
structure, It is the differential settlement that generates stresses and
the correct option is (b)

3) KA= (1-sin phi) / (1+sin phi) = (1-sin 30)/(1+sin30) =


0.5/1.5 = 0.333
PA = (1/2) * gamma *KA*H^2 =(1/2)*0.333*19*5*5 =
79.087 kN/m2 or 79 kN/m2
The correct answer is (c)

4) Consolidation happens in fine grained soils in their


saturated state, hence the correct answer is (a)

5) The correct answer is (b) 30 cm

6) The soil samples obtained from SPT are disturbed samples


but can be used for determination of index properties and
grain size (sieve analysis and hydrometer tests). Hence the
correct response is (d).
7) Rock-quality designation (RQD) is a indicative measure
of the degree of jointing / fracture in rock mass and is
measured as a percentage of the drill core in lengths of 10
cm or more. If RQD = 100%, it indicates that the rock mass
is intact and the correct answer is (b)

8) The best option is a rectangular footing with


dimensions of 1.25 x 1.8 m.This will result in a
overhang of 0.5 m on each side and the thickness
of footing and reinforcement required in both
directions will be same. The correct option is (b).

9) At best it can be equal to that of rock mass for


intact rock but generally due to fractures and
infillings it is much less than that of rock substance.
Hence the correct option is (a).

10) Sand drains are used to accelerate the


consolidation process in soils with low
permeability or where the underlying strata is
impermeable, so that the surface of draining area
is increased. The correct response is (d)

11) Ip = LL - PL = 50 - 20 = 30, the correct option is (a)


12) The best test for gravel and sandy strata is standard
penetration test as all other tests will not reflect the composite
behaviour of presence of gravel in the strata. The correct option is
(a).

13) While consolidation happens by migration of


water in soil matrix (in fine grained saturated soils),
compaction is predominantly removal of air voids by
partial replacement with moisture and compaction
energy. The correct option is (c).

14) The compaction curve is a plot between the


moisture content (%) on x-axis and dry density (g/
cm3) on y - axis. from the given plot, the optimum
moisture content is 15.5% and maximum dry density
is 1.78 g/cm3. Hence the correct option is (b).

15) Dynamic rollers (vibratory)


are suitable for cohesionless
soils and sheep foot rollers are
suitable for cohesive soils as
they provide point loads along
with the kneading action.Hence
the correct option is (d).
16) Geosynthetic fibers /
Geotextiles are used for soil
reinforcement as well as drains
by preventing hydrodynamic
migration of soil particles. Hence
the correct option is (b).

17) The effective stress = (20-9.81)*5 = 50.95 kN/m2


hence, the correct option is (d)

18) Sands have negligible value of c and


generally it's due to presence of silt or clay
impurities. Hence, the correct option is (b)

19) SPT values for dense sands is 31-50 and


for very dense sands is >50 hence the correct
option is (c).

20) To minimize breakages, the best option is


double tube core barrel, in which the inner
barrel protects the extracted core from shear
forces from rotating outer tube. The correct
option is (a).
21) The undrained shear strength is
equal to half of the unconfined
compressive strength (= (1/2) *(03)
where 03 = 0 . Hence the correct option
is (c).

22) The long concrete pile in rock is confined and


hence buckling is not possible. Since the crushing
strength of intact rock is much higher than the
crushing strength of concrete, concrete strength is
the goiverning criterion. The correct option is (b)

23) The capacity of pile in clay =


9Apc + alpha*c*As =
9*3.14*(0.4*0.4/4)*60 +
0.7*60*3.14*0.4*10 = 595.3 kN.
The correct answer is (a). Note
that Ap is point area and As is the
surface area of the pile.
24) When the wall moves away
from the retaine soil mass is the
active state and hence the correct
option is (c).

25) Pa = (1/2)*((1-sin36)/(1+sin36)*18*(6.5+0.8)^2=(1/2)*((1-0.59)/(1
+0.59)*18*(6.5+0.8)^2) =123.67 kN/m2
Moment of forces at the toe =(0.3*6.5*(0.8+0.15)*24 +0.8*((0.8+0.3
+2)^2)*24/2)+2.0*6.5*1*18*(0.8+0.3+1) = 628.11 kN
FOS against overturning = 370.7/(123.67*(6.5+0.8)/3) = 2.0
Total vertical forces = 0.3*6.5*24 +0.8*(0.8+0.3+2)*24+2.0*6.5*1*18
+(1.5-0.8)*0.8*18 =350.4
FOS against sliding = ((tan10)*350.4+(0.8+0.3
+2.0)*20)/123.67=((0.176)*350.4+(0.8+0.3+2.0)*20)/123.67=1.0
The correct option is (d)
26) The purpose of replacing the soil is to prevent
volumetric change and also distribute the water ingress
over a larger area, hence the correct option is (a). In
option (b), the soil will not drain effectively hence result in
waterlogging.

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