Lesson 2-2

Solving One-Step Equations

Today’s Goals
● Solve equations by
Explore  Using Algebra Tiles to Solve One-Step using addition and
subtraction.
Equations Involving Addition or Subtraction
● Solve equations by
using multiplication and
Online Activity Use algebra tiles to complete the Explore. division.

Today’s Vocabulary
 INQUIRY How can you model and solve
solve an equation
addition and subtraction equations?
solution
equivalent equations

Explore  Using Algebra Tiles to Solve One-Step

Equations Involving Multiplication

Online Activity Use algebra tiles to complete the Explore.

 INQUIRY How can you use algebra tiles to Think About It!
solve multiplication equations? What happens if you
add 5 to each side of
x − 5 = 15? Which
Property of Equality are
Learn  Solving One-Step Equations Involving Addition you using?
or Subtraction
To solve an equation means to find all values of the variable that make
Sample answer: The
the equation true. Each value that makes an equation true is a solution.
subtraction of 5 and
Equivalent equations have the same solution.
addition of 5 on the left
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would become zero

Key Concept • Addition Property of Equality and 15 + 5 would add
Words If a number is added to each side of a true equation, the to 20. The result would
resulting equivalent equation is also true. be x = 20. This uses
Symbols For any real numbers a, b, and c, if a = b, then the Addition Property
a + c = b + c. of Equality.

Key Concept • Subtraction Property of Equality

Words If a number is subtracted from each side of a true
equation, the resulting equivalent equation is also true.
Go Online
Symbols For any real numbers a, b, and c, if a = b, then
You may want to
a − c = b − c.
complete the Concept
Check to check your
understanding.

Lesson 2-2 • Solving One-Step Equations 75

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 Your Notes Example 1  Solve by Adding
Use the Addition Property of Equality to solve g − 25 = 113.
Horizontal Method Vertical Method
g − 25 = 113 Original equation g − 25 = 113

g − 25 + 25 = 113 + 25 Add 25 to each side. + 25 + 25

g = 138 Simplify. g = 138

CHECK
g − 25 = 113 Original equation
?
138 − 25 =
Watch Out! 113 Substitute 138 for g.
Equivalent Equations 113 = 113 True
Do not forget to add
the same number to
each side of the Check
equation so the result is 2 1 D
Solve __
​​  3 ​​ + w = 1 ​​ __
2  ​​. State which property of equality you used. 
an equivalent equation.
5
A. ​​ __
6 ​​; Subtraction Property of Equality
5
B. ​​ __
6 ​​; Addition Property of Equality
13
C. ​​ __
6  ​​; Addition Property of Equality
13
D. ​​ __
6  ​​; Subtraction Property of Equality

Talk About It!

Example 2  Solve by Subtracting
Ann says that you
could also solve Use the Subtraction Property of Equality to solve 27 + k = 30.
27 + k = 30 by using Horizontal Method Vertical Method
the Addition Property
of Equality. Explain 27 + k = 30 Original equation 27 + k = 30
Ann’s reasoning. Subtract 27 from
27 - 27 + k = 30 - 27 each side. - 27 - 27

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Sample answer: 3
k= Simplify. k= 3
Adding −27 to each
side is equivalent to CHECK
subtracting 27 from
each side. 27 + k = 30 Original equation
?
27 + 3 = 30 Substitute 3 for k.
30 = 30 True
Study Tip
Solving Equations Check
When solving equations, Solve a + 26 = 35.
you can use either the
a= 9
horizontal method or the
vertical method. Both
methods will produce
the same answer. Go Online You can complete an Extra Example online.

76 Module 2 • Equations in One Variable

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 Example 3  Write a One-Step Equation Use a Source
TENNIS In tennis, the Grand Slam tournaments Choose another men’s
singles tennis player
are the four most prestigious annual events. At
and research the
one point in his career, Roger Federer had won
number of Grand Slam
three more Grand Slam singles titles than Rafael
singles titles he has
Nadal. If at that time Roger Federer held the won. Write your own
record for the most Grand Slam singles titles won equation relating the
with 17, how many Grand Slam singles titles had number of Grand Slam
Rafael Nadal won? singles titles he has
won to the 17 titles of
Complete the table to write an equation that
Roger Federer.
represents the number of Grand Slam singles titles
Rafael Nadal won. Sample answer: Andre
Agassi has 9 fewer
Grand Slam singles
Words Roger won three more Rafael titles than Roger
Federer than Nadal
Federer. Andre Agassi
Variable Let n = the number of singles Rafael Nadal won. has 8 Grand Slam
Equation 17 = n + 3 singles titles.
17 = n + 3 Original equation
17 − 3 = n + 3 − 3 Subtract 3 from each side.
14 = n Simplify.
Rafael Nadal had won 14 Grand Slam singles titles.

Check
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DOGS On average, a male bulldog weighs 15 pounds less than a male

golden retriever. If the average male bulldog weighs 50 pounds, write
and solve an equation to find the average weight of a male golden
retriever.  A
A. 50 = w − 15; 65 pounds
B. 50 = w + 15; 35 pounds
C. 50 = w - 15; 35 pounds
D. 50 = 15 − w; 65 pounds

Go Online You can complete an Extra Example online.

Lesson 2-2 • Solving One-Step Equations 77

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 Think About It!
Learn  Solving One-Step Equations Involving
What happens if you
Multiplication or Division
divide each side of You can also use the Multiplication Property of Equality and the
8x = 32 by 8? Which Division Property of Equality to solve equations.
property of equality
does this demonstrate? Key Concept • Multiplication Property of Equality
Words If an equation is true and each side is multiplied by the
Sample answer: same nonzero number, then the resulting equation
___8x 32
​​  8  ​​ = ___
​​  8  ​​ simplifies to is equivalent.
x = 4. This Symbols For any real numbers a, b, and c, if
demonstrates the a = b, then ac = bc.
Division Property of Example If x = 3, then 8x = 24.
Equality.

Think About It!

How could you use the Key Concept • Division Property of Equality
Division Property of
Words If an equation is true and each side is divided by the
Equality to simplify
32 same nonzero number, the resulting equation is
ax = 32 to x = __
​​  a  ​​ ?
equivalent.
How does this relate to
using the Division Symbols For any real numbers a, b, and c, c ≠ 0, if
a b
Property of Equality to a = b, then = ​​ __c ​​ = __
​​  c ​​.
solve 8x = 32? x
If x = −35, then ​​ __7 ​​ = ____
Example −35
​​  7   
​​ or −5.
Sample answer: I could
divide each side of
ax = 32 by a. In both
equations, I am
dividing both sides by
Example 4  Solve Equations by Multiplying or Dividing
the coefficient of x.
Solve each equation.
3 9
a. ​​ __ __
8 ​​ x = ​​  4 ​​

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Think About It! 3 9
​​ __ __
8 ​​ x = ​​  4 ​​ Original equation
Describe a method you
​​  8 ​​ x = ​​(​  3 ​ )​​ __
8 9
__
​​(__
​  3 ​)​​ __
8 3 8 3
could use to check ​​  4 ​​ Multiply each side by ​​ __ __
3 ​​, the reciprocal of ​​  8 ​​.
your solution for part a.
x = 6 Simplify.

Sample answer: I could b. 42 = -14y

substitute 6 back into 42 = -14y Original equation
the original equation 42
​​ ___
-14y
____
-14  ​​ = ​​  -14  
​​ Divide each side by -14.
and check to make
sure that it is true. -3 = y Simplify.

Check
Solve the equation 6y = 54.
y= 9

Go Online You can complete an Extra Example online.

78 Module 2 • Equations in One Variable

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 Apply Example 5  Solve by Multiplying
SURVEY Kenji took a survey of
the sophomore class. If 96 Think About It!
sophomores, or two-thirds of How would your
the class, said they were going equation change if the
to the football game on 96 sophomores
Saturday, how many planning to attend the
sophomores were in the game represented
survey? three-fourths of the
class? What would you
multiply each side of the
1. What is the task? equation by to solve the
Describe the task in your own words. Then list any questions that you new equation?
may have. How can you find the answers to your questions?
2
96 sophomores are going to the game on Saturday. They make up ​​ __3 ​​ of 2
Sample answer: __ ​​  3 ​​
the class. How many sophomores were surveyed? I can find the answer to would be replaced by __
3
​​ 4 ​​
my question by writing and solving an equation to represent the situation. resulting in the
3
equation ​​ __4 ​​ n = 96.
2. How will you approach the task? What have you learned that you I would multiply each
side by ​​ __3 ​​ because ( ​  3 ​)​​​​
4 4
can use to help you complete the task? ​​ __
( ​  4 ​)=
__3
I will write an equation to represent the situation and then solve it. I have ​​ 1.
learned how to translate a sentence to a mathematical equation. I have
learned how to solve equations.

3. What is your solution?

What equation represents the number of sophomores surveyed?
__ 2
​​  3  ​​ n = 96 where n = the number of sophomores surveyed

How many sophomores were in the survey?

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144

4. How can you know that your solution is reasonable?

Write About It! Write an argument that can be used to defend your
solution.
Sample answer: It makes sense that the number of sophomores surveyed
is greater than the number of sophomores attending the football game,
because the number of sophomores attending the football game is only
part of the total number of sophomores surveyed. So, the whole (144)
should be greater than the part (96).

Go Online You can complete an Extra Example online.

Lesson 2-2 • Solving One-Step Equations 79

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 Check
FASHION Imani is making costumes for a play. She spent $146.58 on
21 yards of fabric. Write and solve an equation to find how much
Imani paid for each yard of fabric. A
A. 21p = 146.58; $6.98 per yard
B. 146.58p = 21; $0.14 per yard
C. 146.58(21) = p; $3078.18 per yard
D. 21p = 146.58; $3078.18 per yard

Pause and Reflect

Did you struggle with anything in this lesson? If so, how did you
deal with it?

Record your
observations See students’ observations.
here.

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Go Online You can complete an Extra Example online.

80 Module 2 • Equations in One Variable

THIS MATERIAL IS PROVIDED FOR INDIVIDUAL EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY AND MAY NOT BE DOWNLOADED OR FURTHER DISTRIBUTED.