Data Processing

Data processing refers to
the process of performing specific operations on a set of data or a

database. A database is an organized collection of facts and information, such as records on
employees, inventory, customers, and potential customers.
In-database processing fixes these potential errors and problems. Instead of moving data, all of
the processing and computations are done from the database warehouse itself. The performance
benefits include a large speed boost, enough to make the database provide real-time results, and
near removal of potential inaccuracies. Many large databases, such as those used for fraud
detection and stock market databases, use this technology.
One of the main features of in-database processing is predictive analytics. This is when an
analytical program takes database information and attempts to predict a trend. This is not specific
to in-database processing, but it is able to quickly make such a prediction, which allows a
business to do better than those with slower systems.
In-database processing, also known as in-database analytics, is a technology that
concentrates of fusing database warehouses with analytical systems.
All About the Data Processing Cycle
The data processing cycle consists of a series of steps where raw data (input) is fed into a system
to produce actionable insights (output). Each step is taken in a specific order, but the entire
process is repeated in a cyclic manner. The first data processing cycle's output can be stored and
fed as the input for the next cycle.
Fig: Data processing cycle (source)
Generally, there are six main steps in the data processing cycle:
Step 1: Collection
The collection of raw data is the first step of the data processing cycle. The type of raw data
collected has a huge impact on the output produced. Hence, raw data should be gathered from
defined and accurate sources so that the subsequent findings are valid and usable. Raw data can
include monetary figures, website cookies, profit/loss statements of a company, user behavior,
etc.
Step 2: Preparation
Data preparation or data cleaning is the process of sorting and filtering the raw data to remove
unnecessary and inaccurate data. Raw data is checked for errors, duplication, miscalculations or
missing data, and transformed into a suitable form for further analysis and processing. This is
done to ensure that only the highest quality data is fed into the processing unit.
Step 3: Input
In this step, the raw data is converted into machine readable form and fed into the processing
unit. This can be in the form of data entry through a keyboard, scanner or any other input source.
Step 4: Data Processing
In this step, the raw data is subjected to various data processing methods using machine learning
and artificial intelligence algorithms to generate a desirable output. This step may vary slightly
from process to process depending on the source of data being processed (data lakes, online
databases, connected devices, etc.) and the intended use of the output.
Step 5: Output
The data is finally transmitted and displayed to the user in a readable form like graphs, tables,
vector files, audio, video, documents, etc. This output can be stored and further processed in the
next data processing cycle.
Step 6: Storage
The last step of the data processing cycle is storage, where data and metadata are stored for
further use. This allows for quick access and retrieval of information whenever needed, and also
allows it to be used as input in the next data processing cycle directly.
Examples of Data Processing
Data processing occurs in our daily lives whether we may be aware of it or not. Here are some
real-life examples of data processing:
 A stock trading software that converts millions of stock data into a simple graph
Example:
A bar chart visually depicts the open, high, low, and close prices of an asset or
security over a specified period of time.
 An e-commerce company uses the search history of customers to recommend similar

products
Example:
Online stores like Alibaba, Amazon, Flipkart, Shopify, Myntra, Ebay, Quikr,

Olx are examples of E-commerce websites.
 A digital marketing company uses demographic data of people to strategize location-

specific campaigns
Example:
Digital campaigns may be done

through various methods,
including display advertisements,
online videos, search engine
marketing, paid social ads, and
social media posts
 A self-driving car uses real-time data from sensors to detect if there are pedestrians
and other cars on the road

Data Processing

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Data Processing

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Data processing refers to

the process of performing specific operations on a set of data or a

Fig: Data processing cycle (source)

Step 4: Data Processing

 An e-commerce company uses the search history of customers to recommend similar

Online stores like Alibaba, Amazon, Flipkart, Shopify, Myntra, Ebay, Quikr,

 A digital marketing company uses demographic data of people to strategize location-

Digital campaigns may be done

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