CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM Art Noveaux: Art in Contemporary Times

THE REGION 1. Digital Appropriation

 Use of pre-existing objects or images
I. ART with little or no transformation applied to
 Art is an imitation of life and the world them
rendered beautifully, which gives pleasure. 2. Recontextualization
 Process that extracts text, signs, or
Kinds of Art meaning from its original context
1. Picture (Drawing, Painting, Printmaking, (decontextualization) in order to
Photography) introduce it to another context
 Two-dimensional image of various 3. Hybridity
subjects  Puts primary emphasis on the process
2. Sculpture of fusing different media and genres into
 Three-dimensional artwork that may be new forms of artistic impression
created using stone, marble, wood,  Use of “unconventional” means to create
concrete, and/or a combination of any art
3. Architecture 4. Performance
 Structures meant to be used as shelter  Presented to an audience within a fine
 Relies on the design and purpose of the art context, traditionally interdisciplinary
structure 5. Space
4. Music  An area that an artist provides for a
 Art form that appeals to hearing particular purpose
 Composed of a combination of notes,  Includes the background, foreground,
melody, and harmony and middle ground
5. Literature  Refers to the distance/s or area/s
 Art form of language that combines use around, between, and within things
of words, creating meaning and  Two kinds: negative space and positive
experience space
6. Theatre 6. Time-Based Art
 Art of performance  Cluster of units dealing with the complex
 Dramatic texts are portrayed on stage multiplicity of artistic forms which use
by actors and actresses and are the passage of and the manipulation of
enhanced by props, lights, and sounds time as the essential element
7. Cinema 7. Text and Image
 Art of technological translation of theatre  A combination element which uses
in films words/texts and images in an artwork
 Special effects are utilized to enhance 8. Juxtaposition
the storytelling  Things side-by-side
8. Dance  Usually done with the intention of
 Art of human form bringing out a specific quality or creating
 The body is used, mobilized, and an effect, particularly when two
choreographed in a specific time, form, contrasting objects/or themes are used
and space
Philippine Contemporary Art
 An offshoot of social realism brought
about by Martial Law. Arts became
 expressions of people’s aspiration for a  An area that an artist provides for a
just, free, and sovereign country particular purpose

Timeline of Philippine Arts

Pre-12th AD Ethnic Art Integral to  Principles: The Rules
Life 1. Unity
13th AD Islamic Art Geometric  Sense of oneness, of things
Designs belonging together and making up a
1521 – Spanish Era Faith and coherent rule
1898 Catechism
2. Focal Point/ Center of Interest/
1898 - 1940 American Era Secular
Emphasis
Forms of Art
1941 – Japanese Era Orientalizing  Place where the eyes land first
1945 3. Repetition/Rhythm
1946 – Modern Era National  Repeated use of elements of art in a
1969 Identity composition
1970s - Contemporary Social 4. Variety
present Era Realism  Differences that give interest to a
composition
Fine Arts 5. Proportion
1. Dance  Size relationship of parts to a whole
2. Drama and to each other
3. Visual Art 6. Balance
4. Music  Arrangement of elements of art in a
composition
What is needed to make art? 7. Movement
A. Good Composition  Use of lines, shapes, or colors to
 Knowing how to balance different lead the eyes of the viewer from one
elements point to another
 Elements: The Tools 8. Contrast
1. Texture  Significant degrees of difference
 A description of the way something
feels or looks like it would feel B. Media Skill
2. Color  Being a critical thinker who knows what
 Produced when light, striking an he/she’s doing with the message
object, is reflected back to the eye
3. Line C. Expression
 A mark upon a surface  Knowing how to express feelings
4. Value through art
 Lightness or darkness of a color
5. Form Art Criticism and Aesthetic Judgment
 Three-dimensional object that has  Criticism: judging works of art using
height, width, and depth specific criteria
6. Shape o Four Steps in Art Criticism
 Two-dimensional flat object with 1. Description (What do I see?)
height and width  Make a list of all the things you see
7. Space in the work
 List only the facts; objective
  Include the size of the work and  Inabel Fabric: made from cotton which
medium used undergoes the painstaking binatbatan
2. Analysis (How is the work organized?) or beating of the cotton balls using the
 Still focused on facts, but more bamboo stick to separate the seeds
attention is paid to the elements and during the initial stage
principles  Traditional Threads: dyed from the
 You discover how the work is black plum called Sagut which is
organized abundant in Pangasinan
3. Interpretation (What is the artist o Products: blankets, bags, bed linens,
saying?) etc.
 Explaining or telling the meaning or  Panagabel: oldest Ilocano weaving
mood of the work tradition
 “I guess…”
4. Judgment (Is this a successful work of B. Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR)
art?)  Benguet: a home for Cordillerans
 You determine the degree of artistic o Igorots: hillside dwellers
merit  Kalinga: home of great weavers; textiles
 “The artwork is successful are characterized by red stripes and
because…” motif of geometric patterns
 Ifugao: people from the hills
 Aesthetic: study of nature and beauty of art o Arts and cultures revolve around rice
o Aesthetic Theories as a prestigious crop
 Different views on what is important o Ikat: Indonesian term meaning to
in a work of art bind together; Latin cloth
 Ideas or schools of thought on what o Motif of diamond stripes of white and
to look for in a work of art red
1. Imitationalism: Literal Qualities  Mountain Province: known for hanging
 Focuses on realistic presentation coffins and mummification
of subject matters o Body Tattoos: form of body art
2. Formalism: Design Qualities practiced by most of the cultural
 Places emphasis on the design communities; Whang-od Oggay:
qualities, the arrangement of Philippines’ oldest tattoo
elements of art using the artist/mambabatok
principles of design o Siniwsiwan: men’s G-string
3. Emotionalism: Expressive Qualities o Lufid: women’s wrap around
 Requires a strong communication
of feelings, moods, or ideas from C. Cagayan Valley
the work to the viewer  Wide valley in the Northeastern part of
Luzon and integrated with waters from
II. ARTS OF LUZON REGIONS Cagayan river
A. Ilocos Region  Batanes (Ivatans)
 Ilocanos are among the largest enthno- o Houses are made of limestone
linguistic groups in the country
o Vakul: headgear woven from abaca
 Highly influenced by Christianity: Paoay
fiber or the vuyabuy palm to protect
Church, St. William’s Cathedral, Sinking
them from the heat of the sun and
Bell Tower
during the rainy season
 Nueva Vizcaya
 o Gaddang: known for crafts and o Named by Miguel Lopez de Legazpi;
textiles; weaving accented with “there is food”
yellow, red, and black beads o Weaving: primary form of arts and
o Bakwat: used by mothers in giving crafts
birth, made of white beads as o Patadyong: wrap around piece of
accents with patterns of rivers and cloth worn by women
mountains o Ati-Atihan Festival: mother of all
festivals
D. Central Luzon  Aklan
 Folk arts resulted from the merging of o Uses pineapple leaves and kapiz
traditional belief and Christianity shell
 Bamboo crafts, Patupat, Bilao
B. Central Visayas
E. CALABARZON  Negros Island
 Laguna o Called Buglas: grass similar to sugar
o Paete (wood carving) cane
o Taka (paper mâché) o Mt. Kanlaon: divides Negros Oriental
 Rizal Province and Negros Occidental
o Petroglyphs: oldest artistic o Mascara Festival in Bacolod
expression in the Philippines o Weaving: integral part of life; uses
 Cavite pandan and buri leaves
o Balisong: butterfly knife o Pinya Weaving: Bacolod
 Quezon Province o Sinamay Weaving: Valencia,
o Rice Kiping decors (made from Negros Oriental
glutinous rice)  Cebu
o Queen City of the South, City of
F. MIMAROPA Fashion and Design, ASEAN
 Mindoro Cultural City
o Baskets o Leading exporter of furniture in
 Marinduque Southeast Asia
o Mat weaving o Milan of Asia (because of industry
 Romblon furniture)
o Marbles o Vito Salma, Debbie Palao, Kenneth
o Bags (made from Romblon Plant) Cobonpue
 Palawan  Bohol
o Rice baskets o Basketry: town of Antequera
1. Tibong: biggest  Siquijor
2. Tabig: medium o Known for beaches and diving spots
3. Tingkop: smallest
C. Eastern Visayas
III. ARTS OF VISAYAS REGIONS  Samar, Leyte, Biliran
A. Western Visayas o Kasadyaan Festival
 Panay Island o Weaving: mats, baskets, bag
o One of the largest islands of the o Puso or Bod-bod: weaving for
archipelago culinary arts
IV. ARTS OF MINDANAO REGIONS o Kaamulan Festival: famous ethnic
A. Caraga Region festival derived from the word amul
 Agusan which means gather
o Golden sash, golden dagger, golden o Wooden beads necklaces
face mask
o Agusan Manobos: most prominent E. Davao Region
ethnic group; weavers and artisans  Davao
 Caraga o Kakayawan Festival: king of the
o Okkir or Okkil festivals
o Okir a dato: male designs; o Dagmay Fabric: woven abaca fibers
curvilinear
o Okir a bay: female designs;
geometric

B. Autonomous Region of Muslim

Mindanao (ARMM)
 Lanao
o Maranaos: most dominant Muslim
group in the Philippines
o Wood carving, instrument making,
textile weaving, brass and silver
casting
o Malong: multi-colored garment
which first accompanied every
Maranao
 Basilan
o Yakans: best weavers
 Pussuk Labbung: saw-tooth
design used in making cloth
baskets and native swords called
Kris
 Bunga Sama: symmetric design
made of rectangular-shaped
figures
 Kabban Buddi: set of triangles,
square, and geometric shapes
used for pillows, mats, and hats

C. SOCCKSARGEN
 South Cotabato
o Tinalak Weaving: made of abaca by
the T’boli

D. Northern Mindanao
 Bukidnon
BLESSINGS POINTERS Cagayan

Art CAR (Category)

 Dance Igorot
 Performance – with audience Vakul
 Theatre Kalinga
 Definition of Art Body Tattoos
 Picture
 Sculpture MIMAROPA (Category)
Tingkop
 Hybridity – non-common materials
Tabig
 Juxtaposition
Tibong
 Variety
Rice Kiping
 Repetition
 Time-based Art – time is essential Butuan (Category)
 Modern Era – national identity Golden Sash
 Contemporary Era – social realism Golden Dagger
 Aesthetic Theories Golden Face Cover
1. Imitationalism – literal Silver Ring
2. Formalism – design
3. Emotionalism – emotion Maguindanao (Category)
Vine Pattern
Arts of Regions Curtain
 Ilocos Decoration
o Paoay Church Buntings
o St. William’s Cathedral
o Sinking Bell Tower B4
 Rizal A. B.
o Petroglyphs A. Cagayan 1. Body Tattoos
Valley
 Weaving
B. CAR 2. Hanging Coffins
o Panagabel (Ilocos, Luzon) C. Ilocos Region 3. Ikat
o Tinalak (South Cotabato, 4. Panagabel
SOCCSARGEN)
o Yakan (Basilan, ARMM)

Art Criticism (either by Willendorf or Picasso)

1. Description
2. Analysis
3. Interpretation
4. Judgment

For modified identification

Luzon Region (Category)

Cordillera
Caraga
Ilocos