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Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 4:
Solving Problems Involving
Quadratic Equations and
Rational Algebraic Equations

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Subject Area - Mathematics9
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 4:Solving Problems Involving Quadratic Equations and
Rational Algebraic Equations
First Edition, 2020

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 Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can
continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

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your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that
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Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of
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tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master on how to solve problems involving quadratic equations and rational algebraic
equations. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning
situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students.
The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order
in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now
using.

After going through this module, you are expected to solve problems involving
quadratic equations and rational algebraic equations using extracting square roots,
factoring, completing the square and quadratic formula.

What I Know

DIRECTIONS: Solve the following problems involving quadratic equations and rational
algebraic equations, then choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. The legs of a right triangle have lengths 3 and 4. Find the length of the
hypotenuse.
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5

2. In a right triangle, the length of one leg is two more than the other leg. If
the length of the hypotenuse is √52, find the lengths of the two legs?
A. 4 & 6 B. 7 & 8 C. 9 & 10 D. 11 & 12

3. The length of the side of a square is √5. Find the length of its diagonal.
A. √10 B. √11 C. √12 D. √13

4. A 10m stepladder inclines against the wall such that the base of the
ladder is 6m from the wall. How high is the wall?
A. 9 B. 8 C. 7 D. 6

5. Which of the following is the diagonal of a square if its length is 3√2?

A. 4 B. 6 C. 7 D. 8

6. If the square of a number is added to 8times the number, the sum is 153.
Find the number.
A. 9 or 17 B. -9 or 17 C. -9 & -12 D. 9 or –17

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7. The length of a table is 2 meters longer than its width. What is the width
if the area is 8m2?
A. 4 B. 3 C. 2 D. 1

8. What must be the length of the remaining side of a right triangle if the
longest side is 17cm and the other side is 8cm?
A. 5 B. 10 C. 15 D. 20

9. The sum between a number and 4 times its reciprocal is 4. Find the
number.
A.4 B. 3 C. 2 D. 1

10. The length of the diagonal of a square measures 5 √2 cm. What is the
length of a square?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5

11. 14 times a number added to twice the square of a number is 60. Find
the number.
A. 3 or -10 B. -3 or -10 C. 5 or -9 D. -5 or 9

12. What must be the length of the hypotenuse of a right triangle if the
legs are 6 and√13?
A. 5 B. 6 C. 7 D. 8

13. What is the length of a rectangle if its length is 3cm more than the
width and the area is 70 cm2?
A. 20 B. 15 C. 10 D. 5

14. A rectangular object has a length of 3cm longer than its width. What is
the width of the object if its area is 10cm2?
A. 1 B.2 C. 3 D. 4

15. How long is the flower and vegetable garden of Amy if the length is 5m
longer than its width and the area is 50m2?
A. 10 B. 15 C. 20 D. 25

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 Solving Problems Involving
Lesson
1 Quadratic Equations and
RationalAlgebraic Equations
One important application of quadratic equations is to find solutions to
word problems that involve real-life situations.
A word problem which when transformed into mathematical equation would lead
into a quadratic equation having at most two real roots. In some problems, other
roots are discarded, so always check them and find out the roots which do not
satisfy the conditions in the problem given.
There are several ways by which roots of a quadratic equation can be found.
A recall of algebraic skills involving polynomials is necessary to entirely
understand the methods in solving.

What’s In
Directions: Find the roots/zeros of the following quadratic equations using any
method.

1. x (x - 5) = 0
2. x 2 + 8x - 20 = 0
3. x 2 -10x = 56
4. 2x 2 + 28x + 48 = 0
5. x 2 + 2x - 3 = 0
6. (x - 5) (x + 3) = 0
7. x 2 - 6x + 5 = 0
8. 3x 2 - 12x - 15 = 0
9. (2x + 3) (x - 4) = 0
10. x 2 - 12x - 85 = 0

What’s New
Activity 1:” FIND ME!”
Directions: Solve the following problems involving quadratic equations, then
answer the questions that follow.

Problem1. The square of a number plus eight times the number, the sum is twenty.

a. What is the equation that illustrates the problem?

b. Solve the equation using factoring.
c. What are the roots?
d. What is/are the number/s?

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Problem 2. The owner of one of the department stores in Kidapawan City put a
billboard in front of his store having a length of 6m longer than its
width and an area of 40 square meters.

a. What is the equation of the area of the billboard in terms of its width?
b. What number must be added to both sides of the equation by completing the
square?
c. What are the length and width of the billboard?

Problem 3.The sum between a number and its reciprocal is 2.

a. What expression represents the reciprocal in the problem?

b. Formulate a rational algebraic equation in the problem.
c. Transform the equation formulated into standard form ax2 + bx + c = 0.
d. What are the roots of the equation?
e. What is/are the number/s?

Problem 4. Thirty-three divided by the sum of a number and two is equal to half the
difference of the number and three.

a. Formulate a rational algebraic equation of the problem.

b. Transform the equation formulated into standard form ax2 + bx + c = 0.
c. What are the factors of the quadratic equation?
d. What is/are the number/s?

What is It

Solving word problems involving quadratic equations and rational algebraic

equations means finding the solutions of the problem for which ax2+bx+c= 0. In order
to attain this, apply your knowledge in factoring, extracting square roots, completing
the square, and quadratic formula. Then, follow the steps in problem solving.

1. Read and analyze the problem carefully.

2. Determine the unknown part of the sentence.
3. Represent the unknown with a variable.
4. Translate the problem into mathematical statements.
5. Transform the information given into a quadratic equation.
6. Solve the quadratic equation using factoring, extracting square roots,
completing the square or quadratic formula.
7. Use extracting square roots method for incomplete quadratic equation.
8. Relate the solution obtained from one of the methods to the statement asked
in the problem.
9. Check the answer if it satisfies the condition of the problem.

However, in solving rational equation, multiply both sides of the equation by the
least common denominator (LCD) in order to have a quadratic equation, then solve
the formulated quadratic equation using any method.

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 In solving the problem below, you can use factoring method.
Problem 1. If the square of a number plus eight times the number, the sum is
twenty. What is the number?

Solution:
Let x be the number
x2 +8x = 20 Quadratic equation
x + 8x – 20 = 0
2 Transform to the standard form of a quadratic equation
(x + 10) (x – 2) = 0 Factor the left side member of the equation
x + 10 = 0 x -2 = 0 Equate every factor to zero, then solve for x
x = -10 x=2

The number is -10 or 2

Checking:
x2 + 8x = 20 x2 + 8x = 20
(-10)2 + 8(-10) = 20 (2)2 + 8(2)=20 Substitute the value of x
100 - 80 = 20 4 + 16 = 20 Simplify
20= 20 20 = 20

The values of x, -10 and 2 satisfy the equation. Therefore, the number could be – 10
or 2.

Completing the square method is more appropriate to use in the problem

below.
Problem 2.If we represent the width of the billboard by x in meters, then its length is
(x+6) m. Since the area of the billboard is 40m2, then (x) (x+6) = 40

The equation is (x)(x+6) = 40.

(x)(x+6) = 40 Multiply the factors, then combine similar terms
x2+6x = 40 Quadratic Equation

Solve the quadratic equation by completing the square

x2+6x+ = 40+ Get ½ of the coefficient of x, then square it

The number to be added to both sides of the equation is 9. The left side member of
the equation becomes a perfect square trinomial.

x2 +6x + 9 = 40+9
(x+3) (x+3) = 49 Factor the left side member of the equation
(x+3) = 49
2 Write the left side as a square of a binomial and apply the
extracting square roots in both sides of the equation
x+3 = ±√49 Get the square root of 49
x = -3+7 x = -3-7 Solve for x
x=4 x = -10

The equation has 2 solutions: x = 4 or x = -10

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However, consider only the positive value of x since the condition involves
measurement of length and width. Hence, the width of the billboard is 4 m and its
length is 10 m.

Checking:
x2+ 6x = 40
42 + 6(4) = 40 Substitute the value of x which is 4 to the equation
16 + 24 = 40 Simplify the answer
40 = 40

The value of x = 4 satisfies the equation. Therefore, the width of the billboard is 4 m
while the length is 10 m.
−𝒃±√𝒃𝟐−𝟒𝒂𝒄
Use the quadratic formula 𝒙 = for the problem below.
𝟐𝒂
Problem 3. If the sum between a number and its reciprocal is 2, find the number.

Solution:
Let x be the number

1 be its reciprocal
𝑥

Equation:
x+1=2
𝑥

(x)(x + 1 ) = (2)(x) Multiply both sides of the equation by the LCD

𝑥

x2 + 1 = 2x Quadratic Equation
Transform to the standard form of a quadratic equation, then identify the values of
a, b, and c
x2 – 2x + 1 = 0
a=1 b = -2 c=1
Solve using the Quadratic Formula
−𝑏 ± √𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐
𝑥=
2𝑎

−(−2)±√(−2)2−4(1)(1)
x= 2(1)
Substitute the values of a, b, and c in the formula
2±√4−4
x= Simplify the answer
2
2±√0
x= 2

x=1

The number is 1.

Checking:
x+1=2
𝑥
1 +1 = 2 Substitute the value of x which is 1, then simplify
1
2=2
The value of x = 1 satisfies the equation.

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Another method for problem number 3 is by extracting square roots
x+ 1 =2 Equation formulated
𝑥

(x)(x + 1 ) = (2)(x) Multiply both sides of the equation by the LCD

𝑥

x2 + 1 = 2x Quadratic Equation

x2 – 2x + 1 = 0 Transform to the standard form of a quadratic equation

(x-1)(x-1) = 0 Factor the left side member of the equation

(x-1)2 = 0 Write the left side member as a square of a binomial

(√𝑥 − 1)2=√0 Square both sides of the equation

x -1 = √0 Extract the square roots of both sides of the equation

x=1±0

x=1
Checking
x+ 1 =2
𝑥

1+1=2 Substitute the value of x which is 1 to the original equation

1

1+1=2
2 =2

Therefore, the value of x = 1 satisfies the equation.

The problem below involves rational algebraic equation. Transform it first to

quadratic equation then solve using any method.
Problem 4.Thirty-three divided by the sum of a number and two is equal to half the
difference of the number and three. Find the number.

Let x be the number

Now we can set up our equation
Thirty-three divided by the sum of a number and two ( 33 )is half the difference of
𝑥+2
the number and three (𝑥−3)
2

Before solving, take note that there’s a variable in the denominator which means
there is a restricted value. So, x ≠ -2 because that would make the denominator
zero which would then make the expression undefined. Therefore, multiply both
sides of the equation by the Least Common Denominator (LCD), then simplify
33
= 𝑥−3
𝑥+2 2

MultiplyMultiply both sides by the LCD

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66 = (x+2(x-3)
(x+2) (x-3) = 66 Symmetric Property
x2 –x – 6 = 66 Multiply the factors
x2 –x – 6 + (-66) = 66 + ( -66) Addition Property of Equality
x2 -x -72 = 0 Quadratic Equation

Solve by factoring
x2 -x -72 = 0
(x-9) (x+8) = 0 Factor the left side member of the equation

x-9 = 0 x+8 = 0 Equate every factor to zero, then solve for x

x=9 x=-8

Checking:
33 33 𝑥−3
=
𝑥−3 =
𝑥+2 2 𝑥+2 2
33 9−3 33 −8−3
= = Substitute the value of x
9+2 2 −8+2 2

33
=
9−3 Simplify
33 −11
11 2 =
−6 2
6
33
= -
11
=-
11 Both sides of the equation are equal.
11 2 2 2

3 =3
The values of x, -8 and 9 satisfy the equation. Therefore, the number could be -8 or
9.

What’s More

Kidapawan City wants to place a new billboard to inform visitors of its new
attraction. Suppose the length of the billboard to be placed is 5m longer than its
width and the area is 50m2.

Questions:

1. What expression represents the width of the billboard? How about the
expression that represents its length?

2. Formulate the equation relating the width, length, and the area of the
billboard.

3. Find the length and width of the billboard?

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 What I Have Learned

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the correct answer.

1. The 4 methods of solving problems involving quadratic equations are

. , ,and .

2. In completing the square method, transform the left member of the equation
into a .

3. In solving rational algebraic equations, multiply both members of the

equation by the in order to simplify the equation.

4. The standard form of a quadratic equation is .

5. In using the quadratic formula, the first step in solving 4x = 9 – 5x2 is to

transform it into , then identify the values of a, b, and c.

What I Can Do
Directions: Read and answer the following situations.

A. Solve by Factoring and Completing the Square

Juan Dela Cruz has a rectangular center table. He wants to cover it with a
table cloth having a length of 2m longer than its width. The area is 24m 2. What will
be the length and width of the table cloth?

B. Solve by Quadratic Formula and Extracting Square Roots

The utility boy of a certain school followed the request of the principal to divide
the 4 m water pipe into two parts so that the sum of their reciprocal is 1. What will
be the measures of the two parts of the water pipe?

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 Assessment

Directions: Solve the following problems involving quadratic equations and

rational algebraic equations using any method. Choose the letter of the
correct answer.

1. The sum of squares of two consecutive even numbers is 340. Find the numbers.
A.12&14 B. 13& 15 C. 16 & 18 D. 20 & 22

2. The sum of two numbers is 27 and their product is 50. Find the numbers.
A.20 & 2 B. 25 & 2 C. 30 & 2 D. 35 & 2

3. The sum of a number and its reciprocal is 5/2 Find the number.
A.5 B. 4 C.3 D. 2

4. If a number is added to its square, the result is 110. Find the number.
A.10 B. 9 C.8 D. 7

5. What is the value of x if a number less its reciprocal is 8/3?

A.1 B. 1 C.1 D. 1
2 4 3 5

6. One number is 2 greater than another number. If the sum of their squares is
100, what are the numbers?
A.2 & 8 B. 6 & 8 C. 7 & 8 D. 11& 8

7. Yna’s father is 4 years more than twice as old as her. The product of their ages
in years is 30. How old is Yna?
A.1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

8. If a number is added to its square, the sum is 20. Find the number.
A.3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6

9. Mario bought a 320m2rectangular house lot at Guava Street, Kidapawan City.

The length is 4m longer than its width. What is the length of the house lot?
A. 20 B. 22 C.12 D. 10

10. Lynette is 2 years more than the age of her younger sister, Alyssa. If the
product of their ages is 528. How old is Alyssa?
A. 25 B.24 C. 23 D. 22

11. The sum of the reciprocal of a number and the reciprocal of 5 less than the
number is 3 times the reciprocal of the original number. Find the original number.
A. 10 B. 6 C. 4 D. 2

12. Before the lockdown last april,2020, Ana bought a mirror at Gaisano Mall,
Kidapawan City as a birthday gift to her daughter. What should be the length of the
mirror if it is 4cm more than double the width, and the area is 30cm2?
A. 11 B. 10 C. 9 D. 8

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For question nos. 13 – 15, refer to the problem below.

Pedro is a well-known carpenter in Singao,Kidapawan City. He works in one

of the hotels in the same place. One morning, he cut the 25m electric wire into two
parts in such a way that the sum of their reciprocals is 1/6 .

13. What quadratic equation can be derived from the given problem?
1 1 1 1
A. 1 + = B. 1 + =
𝑥 25 𝑥
−

6 𝑥 𝑥 25−

6
1 1 1 1 1 1
C. + = D. − =
6 25−𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 25− 𝑥 6

14. Which of the following is the longer part of the electric wire?
A. 5 B. 10 C. 15 D. 20

15. What are the measures of the two parts of the electric wire?
A. 5 & 10 B.10& 15 C. 15& 20 D. 20& 25

Additional Activities

Cite a real-life situation where the concept of quadratic equation is applied.

Formulate a problem and solve.

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 Answer Key

References:
1. Mathematics 9 Learner’s Material First Edition
2014Published by Department Of Education pp 88 –

92
2. Mathematics 9 Teaching Guide
Published by Department Of Education pp 52 57-

3. Intermediate Algebra Textbook for Second Year pp 61 -

63Soledad Jose Dilao, Ed.D. and Julieta G. Bernabe

-

JTW Corporation
4. Advance Algebra, Trigonometry and Statistics
Worktext in Mathematics IV (B.E.C. Based) pp 91 –
92
Bernardo D, Estrabo Jr., Irene Ofresenia A. Garovillas &Fernando C. Pascual
Exclusively Published &Distributed by Innovative Educational
Materials,Inc.
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 DISCLAIMER
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) was developed by DepEd SOCCSKSARGEN with the
primary objective of preparing for and addressing the new normal. Contents of this
module were based on DepEd’s Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC). This
is a supplementary material to be used by all learners of Region XII in all public
schools beginning SY 2020-2021. The process of LR development was observed in
the production of this module. This is version 1.0. We highly encourage feedback,
comments, and recommendations.

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