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Lesson 1 Verb To Be

The document discusses the verb "to be" in English. It provides: 1. The affirmative, negative, and interrogative forms of the verb "to be" in the present simple tense. 2. Examples of using the verb "to be" to refer to general states, permanent traits, and facts that are true in the present. 3. An overview of yes/no questions and wh-questions in English, including their grammatical structures and examples.

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Gallego Paula A
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124 views6 pages

Lesson 1 Verb To Be

The document discusses the verb "to be" in English. It provides: 1. The affirmative, negative, and interrogative forms of the verb "to be" in the present simple tense. 2. Examples of using the verb "to be" to refer to general states, permanent traits, and facts that are true in the present. 3. An overview of yes/no questions and wh-questions in English, including their grammatical structures and examples.

Uploaded by

Gallego Paula A
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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VERB TO BE

ACHIEVEMENT INDICATORS

1. Remember, learn and use a basic vocabulary.


2. Learn and use the verb be in present simple tense, affirmative, negative and
interrogative form.
3. Ask and answer yes/no questions and wh or informative questions in simple
present tense using verb be.

THE VERB TO BE (EL VERBO SER O ESTAR)

AFIRMATIVE FORM. (forma afirmativa del verbo to be )

The verb to be is the most important verb in the English language. It is an irregular verb
in almost all of its forms. The verb to be has two meaning into Spanish: ser/estar. In
the simple present tense, to be is conjugated as follows:

(El verbo to be es el verbo más importante del idioma Inglés. Este es un verbo en casi
todas sus formas. El verbo to be tiene dos significados en el Español: ser / estar. En el
present simple el verbo to be es conjugado como se muestra: )

Affirmative forms of the verb to be


Subject Pronouns Full Form Contracted Form SPANISH
I am I’m Yo soy / yo estoy
You are You’re Tu eres/ tu estás
he/she/it is She’s/He’s/ It’s Ella/el/este es // Ella/el/este esta
We are We’re Nosotros somos/ Nosotros estamos
You are You’re Ustedes son/ ustedes están
They are They’re Ellos son / ellos están
Uses of the simple present of to be

(Usos del presente simple del to be)

1. The principal use of the simple present is to refer to an action or event that takes
place habitually, but with the verb "to be" the simple present tense also refers to
a present or general state, whether temporary, permanent or habitual.
(El uso principal del presente es para referirse a una acción o evento que toma
lugar habitualmente, pero con el verbo to be el presente simple también se
refiere al presente o a un estado general, ya sea temporal, permanente o
habitual.)

Example.

 I am happy.
 She is helpful.

2. The verb to be in the simple present can be also used to refer to something that
is true at the present moment.
(El verbo to be in presente simple también se puede usar para referirse a algo
que es verdad en el momento presente)

Example

 She is 20 years old.


 He is a student.

TO BE - NEGATIVE FORM. (forma negativa del verbo TO BE)


In negative sentences these forms, precede not.
(En las oraciones negativas las formas del verbo be preceden al not)

Subject Full Contracted SPANISH


Pronouns Form Form
I am not 'm not Yo no soy/ yo no estoy
You are not aren't Tu no eres / tu no estás
he/she/it is not isn't El-ella-este no es/ el –ella-este no está
Nosotros no somos/ nosotros no
We are not aren't
estamos
You are not aren't Ustedes no son/ ustedes no están
They are not aren't Ellos no son/ ellos no están
Examples:

1. She is not your friend. She isn’t your friend


2. He is not a teacher. He isn´t a teacher
3. It is not a dog. It isn’t a dog
4. I am not 20 years old. I am not 20 years old

TO BE - INTERROGATIVE FORM. (forma interrogative del verbo tobe)

In interrogative sentences, these forms go before the subject.


(En oraciones interrogativas estas formas van antes del sujeto)

Am I? Soy yo / estoy yo
Are you? Eres tu/ estás tu
Is he/she/it? Es el-ella- este/ esta el- ella- este
Are we? Somos nosotros/ estamos nosotros
Are you? Son ustedes/ están ustedes
Are they? Son ellos/ están ellos

Examples:

 Is Brad Pitt French?


 No, he isn't. He's American.
 What about Angelina Joli? Is she American, too?
 Yes, she is. She is American.
 Are brad Pitt and Angelina Joli French?
 No, They aren't. They are American.
QUESTIONS

A question is a linguistic expression used to make a request for information, or the


request made using such an expression. The information requested may be provided
in the form of an answer.
Questions have developed a range of uses that go beyond the simple eliciting of
information from another party. Rhetorical questions, for example, are used to make a
point, and are not expected to be answered. Many languages have special
grammatical forms for questions (for example, in the English sentence "Are you
happy?", the inversion of the subject you and the verb are shows it to be a question
rather than a statement.
(Una pregunta es una expresión linguística usada para pedir información o para
hacer una solicitud utilizando tal expresión. La información requerida puede ser
proporcionada en forma de respuesta.
Las preguntas han desarrollado un rango de usos que van más allá de la simple
obtención de información que proceda de otra parte. La s prguntas retóricas, por
ejemplo, son usadas para hacer incapíe y no se espera que sean respondidas.
Muchos idiomas tienen formas especiales para preguntas – por ejemplo en la oración
inglesa Are you happy?, la inversión del sujeto you y el verbo are muestran que es
una pregunta en lugar de una declaración)

In English languages we can finds two main types of questions: Yes/ no questions, and
informative questions.
(En el idioma Inglés encontramos dos clases principales de preguntas: preguntas de
Si/no, y pregutnas informativas)

 Yes/no questions. (preguntas de si o no)


These questions are used to declare or deny some information.
You need to answer with yes or not.
(Estas preguntas son usadas para afirmar o negar alguna información. Tu
necesitas responder con yes or not)

Note: When you ask with you, it´s necessary to answer with I
(Cuando tu preguntas con you, es necesario responder con I)
When you ask with I, it´s necessary to answer with you.
(Cuando tu preguntas con I, es necesario responder con you)
Examples:

Are you a doctor? Yes, I am / No, I am not


Am your classmate? Yes, you are / No you are’nt
Is it your cat? Yes, It is / No, It isn´t
Is Mary sour sister? Yes, she is/ No, she isn’t
Is Fernando’s brother a pastor? Yes, he is / No, he isn’t

 Wh- QUESTIONS OR INFORMATIVE QUESTIONS:


(preguntas con w o preguntas informativas

These questions demand a new information in the answer.


(Estas preguntas piden una nueva información en la respuesta)

GRAMMAR STRUCTURE: wh-word + tobe verb form + subject +complement


(palabra con wh + forma del verbo be + sujeto + complemento )

The wh-words begin with the letters wh, (how is an exception, but it has h and w)
(las palabras wh empiezan por las letras wh (how es una excepción pero tiene h y w)

Wh words
What = Qué ( Cuál)
Where= Dónde
When = Cuándo
Who = Quién
Why= Por qué
How = Cómo
Which = Cuál

Examples:

What is your name?


When is your birthday?
Where are you from?
Where is your mother from?
How are you today?
Which book is your favorite one?
How old are you?
Why are you studying English?
To take into account: When you ask with why, you answer with because
(Para tenerlo en cuenta: cuando tu preguntas con why, tu respondes con because)

Example:

Why are you Christian?


I am Christian because Jesus loved me and he gave his life for me.

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