Solved Numericals of Physics Class 12 Si

HEAT PREPARED BY ARIF RAZA 0334-3653937
CHAPTER # 11 NUMERICALS [email protected]
Q.1 Q.2 (c) 1200 J of heat energy is supplied to the system at constant pressure. The internal energy of
the system is increased by 750 J and the volume by 4.5 cubic meters . Find the work
done against piston and the pressure on the piston. (4)
Hint:- , , , (i) , (ii)
(i)
(ii)
(450 J, 100 N/m2) 1994

Q.2 Q.1 (c) A meter bar of steel is at 0 0C and another meter bar is at
–2.5 0C ( ). What will be the difference between their lengths at
30 0C . (6)
Hint:- , , ,
,
,
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ( )]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
(0.00003 m OR ) 1995
Q.3 Q.2 (c) A heat engine performs work at the rate of 50 kW . The efficiency of the engine is
30% . Calculate the loss of heat per hour ). (4)
Hint:- , , ,
Page 1 of 68
( ) 1995
Q.4 Q.1 (c) In an Isobaric process when 2000 J of heat energy is supplied to a gas in a cylinder, the
piston moves through 0.1 m under a constant pressure of . If the area
of the piston is . Calculate the work done and the increase in internal
energy of the system. (4)
Hint:- , , , ,
,
(i)
[ ]
(ii)
(1010 J, 990 J) 1996

Q.5 Q.2 (c) Find the rms speed of nitrogen molecule at 27 0C . Given the mass of
nitrogen molecule to be , . (4)
Hint:- √̅̅̅ , ,
√̅̅̅ √
(515.70 m/s) 1996

Q.6 Q.1 (c) A glass flask is filled to the mark with 60 cm3 of mercury at 20 0C . If the flask and
its contents are heated to 40 0C , how much mercury will be above the mark?
0C and 0C) (4)
Hint:- , ,
,
( )
( )
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
Page 2 of 68
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
( ) 1997
Q.7 Q.2 (d) A Carnot engine whose low temperature reservoir is at 200 K has an efficiency of 50 % .
It is desired to increase this to 75 % . By how many degrees must the temperature decreased
, if higher temperature of the reservoir remains constant? (4)
Hint:- , , ,
(100 K) 1997
Q.8 Q.1 (c) Find the root-mean square speed of a hydrogen molecule at 7 0C . Take the
mass of a hydrogen molecule to be and
Boltzmann’s constant = . (3)
Hint:- Same as Q.5
(1868.6 m/s) 1998
Page 3 of 68
Q.9 Q.2 (c) 540 calories of heat is required to vaporize 1 gm of water at

1000C . Determine the entropy change involved in vaporizing 5 gm of water.
(5)
Hint:- , ,
(30.4 J/K) 1998

Q.10 Q.2 (c) Find the efficiency of a Carnot engine working between 100 0C and
50 0C . (3)
Hint:- , ,
(13.5 %) 1999
Q.11 Q.1 (d) Calculate the volume occupied by a gram-mole of a gas at 10 0C and
pressure of one atmosphere. (4)
(Given:- )
Hint:- , mole, ,
(0.0233 ) 2000
Q.12 Q.2 (d) In an Isobaric process when 2000 J of heat energy is supplied to a gas in a cylinder the
piston moves through 0.5 m under a constant pressure of . If the area of
the piston is . Calculate the work done and the increase in internal
energy of the system. (5)
Hint:- Same as Q.4
(1010 J, 990 J) 2000
Q.13 Q.1 (d) If one mole of a monoatomic gas is heated at constant pressure from -30 0C
to 20 0C , find the change in its internal energy and the work
done during the process. (4)
(
Hint:- , , ,
, , ,
(i)
Page 4 of 68
(ii)
(625 J, 415 J) 2001
Q.14 Q.2 (d) An ideal heat engine operates in Carnot’s cycle between temperatures 227 0C and
127 0C and it absorbs 600 J of heat energy; find the:-
(i) Work done per cycle (ii) Efficiency of the engine ( (4)
Hint:- , ,
,
(i) , (ii)
(ii)
(i)
(120 J, 20 %) 2001
Q.15 Q.1 (d) Find the Root Mean Square velocity of a hydrogen gas molecule at 100 0C .
Take the mass of the hydrogen molecule to be and K = .
(4)
Hint:- Same as Q.5
(2156.7 m/s) 2002 P/M
Q.16 Q.2 (d) When 2000 J of heat energy is supplied to a gas in a cylinder at constant pressure of
, the piston of area of cross-section moves through
0.5 m ; calculate the work done and the increase in internal energy of the
system. (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.4
(1010 J, 990 J) 2002 P/M
Q.17 Q.1 (d) A heat engine performs 1,000 J of work and at the same time rejects 4,000 J of heat
energy to the cold reservoir. What is the efficiency of the heat engine? If the difference of
temperature between the sink and the source of this engine is
75 0C , find the temperature of its source ? (4)
Hint:- , , , ,
(i)
Page 5 of 68
(ii)
(20 %, 375 K) 2002 P/E

Q.18 Q.2 (d) A cylinder of diameter 1.00 cm at 30 0C is to be slide in to a hole in a steel plate. The hole has
a diameter of 0.99970 cm at 30 0C . To what temperature must the plate
be heated? ( 0C) (4)
Hint:- , , ,
[ ]
(330.27 K) 2002 P/E

Q.19 Q.1 (d) The low temperature reservoir of a Carnot engine is at 50C and has an efficiency of
40 % . It is desired to increase its efficiency to 50 % . By what degrees should the
temperature of the hot reservoir be increased ? (4)
Hint:- , , ,
Page 6 of 68
(92.7 K) 2003 P/M

Q.20 Q.2 (d) An air storage tank whose volume is 110 liters contains 2 kg of air at a pressure of
15 atmospheres . How much air would have to be forced in to the tank to
increase the pressure to 18 atmospheres , assuming no change in temperature? (4)
Hint:- , , , ,
(0.4 kg) 2003 P/M

Q.21 Q.1 (d) 1200 J of heat energy is supplied to the system at constant pressure. The internal energy
of the system is increased by 750 J and the volume by 4.5 m3 . Find the work done
against the piston and the pressure on the piston. (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.1
(450 J, 100 N/m2) 2003 P/E
Q.22 Q.2 (d) A Carnot engine whose low temperature reservoir is at 50C has an efficiency
of 40 % . It is desired to increase this efficiency to 50 % . By what degree should the
temperature of high-temperature reservoir be increased ? (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.19
(92.7 K) 2003 P/E
Q.23 Q.1 (d) Calculate the density ( of hydrogen gas, considering it to be an ideal gas, when the root
mean square velocity of hydrogen molecules are 1850 m/s at 00C and
1 atmosphere pressure . (1 atmospheric pressure = ) (4)
Hint:- , , ,
Page 7 of 68
√̅̅̅
√̅̅̅
̅̅̅
̅̅̅
̅̅̅
(0.08853 kg/ 2004

Q.24 Q.2 (d) The low temperature reservoir of a Carnot engine is at -3 0C and has an efficiency of
40 % . It is desired to increase the efficiency to 50 % . By how many degrees should the
temperature of the hot reservoir be increased ? (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.19
(90 K) 2004
Q.25 Q.1 (d) A brass ring of 20 cm diameter is to be mounted on to a metal rod of 20.02 cm diameter
at 20 0C . To what temperature should the ring be heated?
( 0C) (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.18
(345.63 K) 2005
Q.26 Q.2 (d) A 100 gm copper block is heated in boiling water for 10 minutes and then it is
dropped in to 150 gm of water at 30 0C in a
200 gm calorimeter. If the temperature of water is raised to
33.6 0C , determine the specific heat of the material of the
calorimeter? (4)
(For copper = 386 J/Kg.K)
Hint:- , ,
, ,
,
, ,
(409.8 J/Kg.K) 2005

Q.27 Q.1 (d) Find the change in volume of a brass sphere of 0.6 m diameter when it is heated
from 30 0C to 100 0C .( 0C) (4)
Hint:- , ,
,
[ ]
[ ( ) ]
Page 8 of 68
( ) 2006
Q.28 Q.2 (d) A Celsius thermometer in a laboratory reads the surrounding temperature as 30 0C ; what is
the temperature in the Fahrenheit scale and in absolute scale ? (4)
Hint:- , ,
(86 0F, 303 K) 2006

Q.29 Q.1 (d) Calculate the density ( of hydrogen gas, considering it to be an ideal gas, when root mean
square velocity of hydrogen molecules are 1850 m/s at 00C and
1 atmosphere pressure . (1 atmospheric pressure = ) (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.23
(0.08853 kg/ 2007
Q.30 Q.2 (d) A heat engine performs work at the rate of 50 kW . The efficiency of the engine is
30% . Calculate the loss of heat per hour ). (3)
Hint:- Same as Q.3
( ) 2007
Q.31 Q.1 (d) A steel bar is 10 m in length at -2.5 0C . What will be the change in its length
when it is at 25 0C ? ( 0C) (4)
Hint:- , , ,
(3.025 ) 2008
Q.32 Q.2 (d) A Carnot engine performs 2,000 J of work and rejects 4,000 J of heat to the sink. If the
difference of temperature between the source and the sink is
85 0C , find the temperatures of the source and the
sink . (4)
Hint:- W=2000 J, , , ,
Page 9 of 68
(257.57 K, 172.57 K) 2008

Q.33 Q.1 (d) A scientist stores 22 gm of a gas at 1200 atmospheres . Overnight the tank
develops slight leakage and the pressure drops to 950 atmospheres . Calculate the mass
| | of the gas escaped. (4)
Hint:- m, , , , | |
| |
| |
(4.6 gm) 2009

Q.34 Q.2 (d) In an Isobaric process when 2000 J of heat energy is supplied to a gas in a cylinder, the
piston of area moves through 40 cm under a pressure of
. Calculate the increase in internal energy of the system. (4)
Hint:- same as Q.4
(1192 J) 2009
Q.35 Q.2 (viii) A heat engine performing 400 J of work in each cycle has an efficiency of 25% . How
much heat is absorbed and rejected in each cycle? (4)
Hint:- , , ,
Page 10 of 68
(1600 J, 1200 J) 2010

Q.36 Q.2 (vi) A 200 g piece of metal is heated to 150 0C and then dropped in
to an aluminum calorimeter of mass 500 g , containing
500 g of water initially at 25 0C . Find the final
equilibrium temperature of the system. (4)
(
Hint:- , ,
, ,
,
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
(299.24 K) 2011
Q.37 Q.2 (x) A Carnot engine whose low temperature reservoir is at 200 K has an efficiency of 50 % .
It is desired to increase this to 75 % . By how many degrees must the temperature of low
temperature reservoir be decreased , if the temperature of the higher
temperature reservoir remains constant? (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.7
(100 K) 2012
Q.38 Q.2 (x) The difference of temperature between a hot and a cold body is . If the heat engine is
efficient , find the temperature of the hot and the cold body? (4)
Hint:- , , ,
Page 11 of 68
(400 K, 280 K) 2013
Page 12 of 68
ELECTROSTATICS PREPARED BY ARIF RAZA 0334-3653937
Q.1 Q.3 (d) Calculate the equivalent capacitance and charge on capacitor
shown in figure. C1 = , C2 = , C3 = , C4 = (4)
Hint:- , ,
, ,
, ,
Page 13 of 68
( , 1993
Q.2 Q.3 (c) Two capacitors of capacitance and are charged to the potential difference of
300 volts and 400 volts . They are then disconnected and joined in parallel. What will
be the resultant potential difference and charge on each capacitor?
(5)
Hint:- , , ,
, , ,
(360 V, ) 1995
Q.3 Q.3 (c) A thin sheet of positive charge attracts a light charged sphere having a charge of
Page 14 of 68
with a force 1.695 N . If ,

calculate the surface charge density of the sheet. (5)
Hint:- , ,
( 1996
Q.4 Q.3 (d) A capacitor of is charged to a potential difference of 100 V . Its plates are then
connected in parallel to another capacitor and are found that the potential difference between
the plates falls to 60 V . What is the capacitance of the second capacitor ? (5)
Hint:- , , ,
( ) 1997
Q.5 Q.3 (c) Calculate the force of repulsion on a charge, if it is
placed before a large vertical charged plate whose charge density is
.( ) (3)
Hint:- , ,
(2.26 N) 1998
Q.6 Q.3 (c) Two capacitors of and capacitance are connected in series and a potential
Page 15 of 68
difference of 200 V is applied. Find the charge and the potential difference
for each capacitor. (5)
Hint:- , , ,
, ,
( , 160 V, 40 V) 1999
Q.7 Q.3 (d) A charged particle of is placed close to a positively charged thin sheet having
surface charge density . Find the magnitude and direction of force on the
charged particle . ( ) (5)
Hint:- , ,
(2 N, Force on charged particle is directed away from the sheet) 2000

Q.8 Q.4 (d) A parallel plate capacitor has the plates 10 cm x 10 cm separated by a
Page 16 of 68
distance of 2.5 cm . It is initially filled with air . What will be the increase in its
capacitance if a di-electric slab of the same area and thickness 2.5 cm is placed
between the two plates? (4)
Hint:- , ,
( ) 2001
Q.9 Q.3 (d) Find the equivalent capacitance in the given circuit and charge
on each capacitor. C1 = , C2 = , C3 =4 . (4)
Hint:- , , ,
, ,
Page 17 of 68
( , , , ) 2002 P/M
Q.10 Q.4 (d) A small sphere of weight is suspended by a silk thread which is attached to a
point on a large charged insulating plane. When a charge of is placed on the ball
0
the thread makes an angle of 30 with the vertical ; find the charge density
on the plane. ( ) (4)
Hint:- , ,
,
+++++
+++++
+++++
( )
+++++
+++++
( ) +++++
+++++
( ) +++++
+++++
( ) +++++
2002 P/M
Q.11 Q.5 (d) A proton of mass and of charge is to be held motionless
between two horizontal parallel plates 10 cm apart; find the voltage
required to be applied between the plates. (4)
Hint:- ,
,
Page 18 of 68
( )
2002 P/E
Q.12 Q.5 (d) A particle carrying a charge of starts from rest in a uniform electric field of intensity
50 V/m . Find the force on the particle and the kinetic energy it acquires
when it is moved 1 m . (4)
Hint:- , , , ,
| ⃗ || ⃗|
| ⃗ || ⃗| ⃗ ⃗
| ⃗ || ⃗|
| ⃗ || ⃗|
( , ) 2003 P/M
Q.13 Q.3 (d) An electron has a speed of . Find its energy in electron-volts.
( ) (4)
Hint:- ,
(2.84 eV) 2004

Q.14 Q.3 (d) How many electrons should be removed from each of the two similar spheres, each of
10 gm , so that electrostatic repulsion is balanced by the
gravitational force ?( (4)
Hint:- ,
Page 19 of 68
̅ ̅
( ̅ ) 2006
Q.15 Q.3 (d) How many excess electrons must be placed on each of the two small spheres placed
3.0 cm apart if the force of repulsion between the spheres is ?
( (4)
Hint:- , ,
̅
(625) 2007
Q.16 Q.3 (d) A capacitor of is charged to a potential difference of 100 V . Its plates are then
disconnected from the source and are connected parallel to another capacitor. The potential
difference in this combination comes down to 60 V . What is the capacitance of the second
capacitor ? (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.4
( ) 2008
Q.17 Q.3 (d) A proton of mass and charge is to be held motionless
between two horizontal parallel plates 6 cm apart; find the voltage
required to be applied between the plates. (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.11
Page 20 of 68
( ) 2009
Q.18 Q.2 (xv) How many electrons should be removed from each of the two similar spheres, each of
10 gm , so that electrostatic repulsion is balanced by the
gravitational force ?( (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.14
( ̅ ) 2010
Q.19 Q.2 (vii) A proton of mass and charge is to be held motionless
between two parallel horizontal plates. Find the distance between the plates
when the potential difference of is applied across the plates. (4)
Hint:- , , ,
( )
(5.86 cm) 2011

Q.20 Q.2 (xiii) Two point charges of and are placed at a distance of 40 cm
from each other. A charge of is placed midway between them. What is the
magnitude and direction of force on it? (4)
Hint:- , , ,
,
Page 21 of 68
( ) 2012
Q.21 Q.2 (xi) The surface charge density on a vertical metal plane is . Find the force
experienced by a charge of placed in front of the sheet?
( (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.7
( , Force on charged particle is directed away from the sheet) 2013
Page 22 of 68
CURRENT ELECTRICITY PREPARED BY ARIF RAZA 0334-3653937
Q.1 Q.4 (c) A platinum wire of diameter 0.2 mm is wound to make a resistor of
40 . How long a wire is needed for this purpose. ( ) (4)
Hint:- , ,
[ ( ) ]
* ( ) +
* ( ) +
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
(11.42 m) 1995
Q.2 Q.4 (c) Neglecting the internal resistance of the DC source, find: -
(i) The equivalent resistance of the given circuit, and
(ii) The currents I and I1. (6)
Hint:- , ,
, ,
(i) , (ii) ,
Page 23 of 68
(8 , 0.75 A, A) 1996
Q.3 Q.4 (d) You are given three resistors each of 2 ohms . How would you arrange to
obtain the equivalent resistances of:-
(i) ohms (ii) 3 ohms (iii) 6 ohms?
Also prove the result mathematically. (4)
Hint:- , (i) , (ii) (iii)
(i)
(ii)
Page 24 of 68
(iii)
2000
Q.4 Q.3 (d) Find the equivalent resistance and the current through R3 and R4 .
Given:- R1 = 20 , R2 = 30 , R3 = 20 , R4 = 40 , R5 = 10 (4)
Hint:- , , , ,
, , ,
Page 25 of 68
(20 I3 = I4 = 0.15 A) 2001

Q.5 Q.3 (d) The resistance of a tungsten wire used in the filament of a 60 W bulb is 240 when the
bulb is hot at a temperature of 2020 0C . What would you estimate its resistance
at 20 0C ? (The temperature co-efficient of tungsten 0C) (4)
Hint:- , , ,
(25.46 ) 2002 P/E

Q.6 Q.6 (d) A battery of 24 V is connected to a 10 load and a current of 2.2 A is drawn; find the
Page 26 of 68
internal resistance of the battery and its terminal voltage (4)

Hint:- , , , ,
(0.90 , 22 V) 2002 P/M

Q.7 Q.3 (d) A 50 resistor is to be wound with platinum wire, 0.1 mm in
diameter. How much wire is needed? ( ) (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.1
(3.56 m) 2003 P/E
Q.8 Q.3 (d) Find the equivalent resistance in the given circuit, current I and potential difference
between a and b.
Given:- R1 = 5 , R2 = 2 , R3 = 3 , R4 = 6 . (4)
Hint:- , , ,
, , ,
Page 27 of 68
(6 , 1 A, 5 V) 2003 P/M
Q.9 Q.6 (d) Two resistances of 10 ohms and 50 ohms are connected in series with a 6 V battery.
Calculate:-
(i) The charge drawn from the battery per minute ;
(ii) The power dissipated in 10 ohm resistance.
Hint:- , , ,
(i) , (ii)
(i)
(ii)
(6 C, 0.1 W) 2005
Q.10 Q.4 (d) A 50 ohm resistor is required from a copper wire, 0.2 mm in
diameter. What is the length of the wire needed? ( ) (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.1
(98.125 m) 2006
Q.11 Q.4 (d) A rectangular block of iron has the dimensions .
(i) What is the resistance of the opposing square ends ?
(ii) What is the resistance between two of the rectangular faces ? (4)
(The resistivity for iron at room temperature is )
Page 28 of 68
Hint:- , , ,
(i) (ii)
(i)
(ii)
( , ) 2008
Q.12 Q.5 (d) A resistor is made by using a 50 m nichrome wire of diameter
0.8 mm at 0 0C. Calculate its resistance at 50 0C .
(Given:- Resistivity and 0C at 0 0C) (4)
Hint:- , , ,
* ( ) +
* ( ) +
[ ]
Page 29 of 68
[ ]
(1.10494 2009
Q.13 Q.6 (d) In the given diagram R1 = R2 = 4 and R3 = 6 . Calculate the current in
the 6 resistor. (4)
Hint:- , ,
( )
Page 30 of 68
(0.375 A) 2009
Q.14 Q.2 (xi) A water heater that will deliver 1 kg of water per minute is required. The
water is supplied at 20 0C and an output temperature of 80 0C is desired. What would be
the resistance of the heating element in water if the line voltage is 220 V ?
) (4)
Hint:- , ,
, , ,
( )
(11.52 ) 2010
Q.15 Q.2 (x) A rectangular bar of iron is 2 cm x 2 cm in cross-section
and 20 cm long. What is the resistance of the bar at 500 0C
if ? (4)
Hint:- , , ,
Page 31 of 68
( 2011
Q.16 Q.2 (i) You are given three resistors each of 2 ohms. How would you arrange to obtain the equivalent
resistances of:-
(i) ohms (ii) 3 ohms (iii) 6 ohms?
Verify the results mathematically. (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.3 2012
Q.17 Q.2 (xii) Two resistors of and are connected in parallel with a battery.
Calculate the current and power dissipated in each resistance. (4)
Hint:- , , , , ,
Now,
Page 32 of 68
( 2013
Page 33 of 68
MAGNETISM & ELECTROMAGNETISM PREPARED BY ARIF RAZA 0334-3653937
Q.1 Q.4 (c) A 10 eV electron is moving in a circular orbit

in a uniform magnetic field of strength 10-4 Wb/m2 . Calculate the radius of
the circular path and velocity of electron. (me = 9.1 10-31 kg, ) (5)
Hint:- , ,
, ,
(0.107 m, 1.875 106 m/sec) 1993

Q.2 Q.5 (c) A coil having an area of cross-section 0.05 m2 and number of turns 100 is placed in a
magnetic field of induction of 0.08 Wb/m2 . How much EMF will be induced in it if the
field is reduced to 0.02 Wb/m2 in 0.01 sec ? (5)
Hint:- , , , ,
( )
* +
* +
Page 34 of 68
* +
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
(10 Volt) 1993

Q.3 Q.5 (c) A solenoid 25 cm long has a cross-section of 5 square cm with 250 numbers of
turns on it. If a current of 5 amperes is passed through it, find B in it. (4)
Hint:- , , ,
( ) 1994
Q.4 Q.5 (c) An electron is moving along a circle of radius . Calculate the speed of the
electron on entering perpendicular in a uniform magnetic field of 5 T .
(me = 9.1 10-31 kg, ) (5)
Hint:- , , ,
(1.58 106 m/sec) 1995

Q.5 Q.4 (d) particles are accelerated from rest at a potential difference of
1 kV . They then enter a magnetic field B = 0.2 T perpendicular to their
direction. Calculate the radius .( = 6.68 10-27 kg, ̅ ) (4)
Hint:- , , ,
Page 35 of 68
( ) 1997
Q.6 Q.4 (c) A solenoid 20 cm long has three layers of windings of 300 turns each. If
a current of 3 amperes passed through it, find the value of the magnetic field of induction B.
( ) (5)
Hint:- , , , ,
( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) 1998
Page 36 of 68
2
Q.7 Q.5 (c) A 500 turn coil in an A.C. Generator having an area of 1000 cm
rotates in a magnetic field of value 50 T . In order to generate 220 V maximum, how
fast is the coil to be rotated? Express your answer in terms of the number of revolutions
per second. (4)
Hint:- , , ,
,
(0.088 rad/sec, 0.0140 rev/sec) 1998

Q.8 Q.4 (c) A 10 eV electron is moving in a circular orbit
in a uniform magnetic field of strength 10-4 Wb/m2 . Calculate the radius of
the circular path. (me = 9.11 10-31 kg, ) (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.1
(0.107 m) 1999
Q.9 Q.5 (c) A transformer has 1000 turns in the primary coil. If the input voltage of the transformer is
200 V , what should be the number of turns of the secondary coil to obtain
an output of 6.0 V ? (3)
Hint:- , , ,
(30 turns) 1999

Q.10 Q.5 (d) What will be the mutual inductance of two coils when the change of a current of
3 amperes in the coil produces the change of flux of 10-4 Wb in the second coil
having 2000 turns ? (3)
Hint:- , , ,
(0.4 H) 2001
Page 37 of 68
Q.11 Q.6 (d) An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of 1000 Volt . It then enters in to a uniform
magnetic field of induction 2.5 Wb/m2 at an angle of 450 with the direction of the
field. Find the radius of the (spiral) path described by the electron.
(me = 9.1 10-31 kg, ) (4)
Hint:- , , ,
Alternate Method-
,
(√ )
Page 38 of 68
( )
( )
( ) 2001
Q.12 Q.6 (d) An e.m.f of 45 milli-volts is induced in a coil of 500 turns , when the current in the
neighboring coil changes from 10 amperes to 14 amperes in 0.2 seconds .
(i) What is the Mutual Inductance of the coils?
(ii) What is the rate of change of flux in the second coil? (4)
Hint:- , , ,
, ,
(i)
(ii)
(i)
( )
( )
* +
( )
(ii)
( ) 2002 P/E
Q.13 Q.5 (d) A long solenoid is wound with 10 turns per cm and carries a current of
10 amperes ; find the magnetic flux density within it. (4)
Hint:- Same a Q.3
( ) 2002 P/M
Page 39 of 68
Q.14 Q.4 (d) Calculate the speed of an electron entering perpendicularly in a uniform
magnetic field of 5.0 Wb/m2 which moves along a circle of radius in the field.
(me = 9.1 10-31 kg, ) (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.4
( ) 2003 P/E
Q.15 Q.5 (d) A coil of 50 turns is wound on an ivory frame
3 cm x 6 cm which rotates in a magnetic field of
induction . What will be the torque acting on it if a current of 5 amperes
passes through it and the plane of the coil makes an angle 450 with the field. (4)
Hint:- , , ,
, ,
(0.636 N.m) 2003 P/E

Q.16 Q.6 (d) The current in a coil of 325 turns is changed from zero to 6.32 amperes thereby
producing a flux of . What is the self-inductance of the coil? (4)
Hint:- , , , ,
( )
( )
( ) 2003 P/M
Q.17 Q.4 (d) How fast must a proton of mass be moving if it is to follow a circular
path of radius 2.0 cm in a magnetic field of 0.7 T ?
( ) (4)
Hint:- , , ,
Page 40 of 68
( ) 2004
Q.18 Q.6 (d) The current in a coil of 500 turns is changed from zero to 5.43 amperes thereby
producing a magnetic flux of 10-4 Wb .
What is the Self-Inductance of the coil? (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.16
( ) 2004
Q.19 Q.3 (d) A proton accelerated through 1000 Volt is projected normal to a 0.25 tesla
magnetic field. Calculate the following:-
(i) The kinetic energy of the proton on entering the magnetic field.
(ii) The radius of the circular path of the proton. (4)
( )
Hint:- , , ,
(i) , (ii)
(i)
(ii)
Page 41 of 68
( ) 2005
Q.20 Q.4 (d) A step-down transformer having 4000 turns in primary is used to convert 4400 V to
220 V . The efficiency of the transformer is 90% and 9 kW output
is required. Determine the input power , the number of turns in the secondary coil
and current in the primary and secondary coils . (4)
Hint:- , , , ,
, , , ,
(10,000 W, 200 turns, 2.27 A, 40.90 A) 2005

Q.21 Q.5 (d) A long solenoid is wound with 35 turns in 10 cm , and carries a current of 10 A .
Find the magnetic field in it. ( ) (4)
Hint:- same as Q.3
( ) 2006
Q.22 Q.4 (d) An aero plane flying in a region where the vertical component of earth’s magnetic field is
. If the wing span of the aero plane is 50 meters and its velocity is
360 km/hour , find the induced E.M.F between the tips of the wings of the
aero plane. (4)
Hint:- , , ,
(1.6 Volt) 2007

Q.23 Q.4 (d) A step-down transformer reduces 1100 V to 220 V . The power output is
Page 42 of 68
12.5 kW and the overall efficiency of the transformer is 90% . The

primary windings have 1000 turns . How many turns do the secondary have ?
What is the power input ? What is the current in each coil ? (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.20
(200 turns, , ) 2008
Q.24 Q.4 (d) A pair of adjacent coils has a mutual inductance of 850 mH . If the current in the
primary coil changes from 0 to 20 A in 0.1 sec ; what is the change in the magnetic
flux in the secondary coil of 800 turns ? (4)
Hint:- , , ,
, ,
( )
[ ]
( ) 2009
Q.25 Q.2 (x) Find the current required to produce a field of induction in a
50 cm long solenoid having 4000 turns of wire. ( ) (4)
Hint:- , , ,
(0.25 A) 2010
Q.26 Q.2 (viii) An alternating current generator operating at 50 Hz has a coil of 200 turns , while the coil
has an area of 120 cm2 . Calculate the magnetic field intensity applied to
rotate the coil to produce the maximum voltage of 240 . (4)
Hint:- , , ,
,
Page 43 of 68
(0.318 T) 2011
Q.27 Q.2 (xiii) The inner and the outer diameters of the toroid are 22 cm and 26 cm . If
a current of 5.0 A is passed which produces 0.025 T flux density inside the core, find the
approximate length of the wire wound on the toroid? ( ) (4)
Hint:- , , , ,
= C
=
,
Page 44 of 68
(188.52 m) 2011
Q.28 Q.2 (ii) Find the current required to produce a field of induction in a
50 cm long solenoid having 4000 turns of wire. ( ) (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.25
(0.25 A) 2012
Q.29 Q.2 (iv) An alternating current generator operates at . The area of the coil is .
Calculate the number of turns in the coil when a magnetic field of induction
produces a maximum potential difference of . (4)
Hint:- , , ,
,
( ) 2013
Page 45 of 68
ELECTRICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENTS PREPARED BY ARIF RAZA 0334-3653937
Q.1 Q.6 (c) A galvanometer of resistance gives full scale deflection with a current of
. A resistance of is connected in series with the
coil to convert it in to a voltmeter. Find the range of voltmeter thus obtained. (5)
Hint:- , , ,
( )
(44 volt) 1995

Q.2 Q.5 (c) A moving coil galvanometer has a resistance of and it gives a full scale deflection for a
potential difference of . If the galvanometer is to be converted
in to a voltmeter of reading up to , what should be the resistance of the series
resistor. (5)
Hint:- , , ,
( )
(24975 ) 1997
Q.3 Q.5 (d) A moving coil galvanometer has a resistance of and it gives a full scale deflection for a
potential difference of . If the galvanometer is to be converted
in to a voltmeter of reading up to , what should be the resistance of the series
resistor. (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.2
(24950 ) 2000
Q.4 Q.4 (d) The coil of a galvanometer having a resistance of and a current of
produces a full scale deflection in it. Compute:-
(i) The shunt required to convert it in to an ammeter of range.
(ii) The series shunt required to convert it in to a voltmeter of range.
(4)
Hint:- , ,
(i) , (ii) ,
Page 46 of 68
(i)
( )
(ii)
2002 P/E
Q.5 Q.4 (d) An ammeter deflects full scale with a current of and has a total resistance of .
What shunt resistance must be connected to it to measure full scale current up to
(4)
Hint:- , , ,
( )
(0. ) 2003 P/M

Q.6 Q.6 (d) A voltmeter has a total resistance of . . What additional
resistance is required to convert it in to a voltmeter, reading up to a maximum of
(4)
Hint:- , , ,
2003 P/E
Q.7 Q.5 (d) A voltmeter has a total resistance of . What additional series
resistance must be connected to it to increase its range to (4)
Page 47 of 68
Hint:- same as Q.6

(12,000 ) 2004
Q.8 Q.5 (d) A maximum current can be allowed to flow through a
coil of a galvanometer. The galvanometer is to be used to measure maximum
current. Calculate the length of a copper wire to be used as a shunt. The diameter of the
wire is . (4)
Hint:- , , ,
,
[ ( ) ]
( )
* ( ) +
( )
[ ]
* +
* +
* +
[ ]
(157.1 m) 2005
Q.9 Q.6 (d) An ammeter deflects full scale with a voltage of , and has a total resistance of
. What small resistance must be connected to measure full scale?
(4)
Hint:- , , ,
( )
,
Page 48 of 68
( )
(0.167 ) 2006
Q.10 Q.5 (d) A voltmeter has a total resistance of . What additional series
resistance is required to convert it in to a voltmeter, ranging up to a maximum of
(4)
Hint:- Same as Q.6
2007
Q.11 Q.6 (d) A galvanometer has a resistance of . A difference of potential of
gives full scale deflection. Calculate the shunt resistance
to read from . What is the value of the series resistance if the
galvanometer is to be converted in to a voltmeter to read up to (4)
Hint:- , , , ,
,
( )
,
( )
2008
Q.12 Q.2 (ix) A galvanometer whose resistance is deflects full scale for a potential difference of
across its terminals. How can it be converted in to a
voltmeter of range? (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.3
2010
Q.13 Q.2 (iii) A galvanometer of resistance gives full scale deflection with a current of
Page 49 of 68
. A shunt of is connected in parallel to convert it in

to an ammeter. Find the range of the ammeter ? (4)
Hint:- , , ,
( )
( )
( )
(10.01 A) 2012
Q.14 Q.2 (xv) A voltmeter measuring up to has a total resistance of . . What additional
series resistance must be connected to it to increase its range to (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.6
2013
Page 50 of 68
ADVENT OF MODERN PHYSICS PREPARED BY ARIF RAZA 0334-3653937
CONSTANTS USED IN THIS CHAPTER
̅ ̅
Q.1 Q.7 (c) The work function of a metal is 2 eV . The light of

wavelength 3000 is made to fall on it. Find the
kinetic energy of the fastest emitted photoelectron. (5)
Hint:- , ,
(2.14 eV) 1994

Q.2 Q.7 (c) The range of visible light is to . Will
the photoelectrons be emitted by a copper surface of work function
4.4 eV , when illuminated by visible light? Give
the mathematical proof of your answer. (3)
Hint:- , ,
(Since therefore no photoelectrons will be emitted) 1998

Q.3 Q.7 (d) When the light of the wavelength falls on a metal surface, stopping
potential is 0.6 volt. Find the value of the work function of the metal? (3)
Hint:- , ,
Page 51 of 68
(2.50 eV) 2001

Q.4 Q.7 (d) Find the speed at which the mass of a particle will be doubled . (4)
Hint:- ,
(√ ) ( )
√ √
√
( )
Q.5 Q.8 (d) Given . Find the total energy and the kinetic energy of an
electron moving with a speed . (4)
Hint:- , , ,
√ √
( )
Page 52 of 68
(0.97 MeV, 0.459 MeV) 2002 P/E

Q.6 Q.8 (d) Sodium surface is shined with the light of wavelength . If the work function of
Na = 2.46 eV , find the kinetic energy
of the photoelectrons. (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.1
(1.68 eV) 2003 P/M
Q.7 Q.8 (d) A sodium surface is shined with the light of wavelength . If the work function of
sodium is 2.46 eV , find the kinetic energy
of the photoelectrons. (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.1
(1.68 eV) 2003 P/E
Q.8 Q.8 (d) Compare the energy of a photon of wavelength with the energy of X-ray
photon of wavelength . (4)
Hint:- , ,
( )
( )
( )
2004
Q.9 Q.8 (d) Estimate the relativistic mass and the wavelength associated with an electron
moving at 0.9 c. (4)
Hint:- , ,
Page 53 of 68
( ) 2005
Q.10 Q.7 (d) An electron exists within a region of 10-10 m , find its momentum uncertainty and
approximate kinetic energy . (4)
Hint:- , .
( , 3.78 eV) 2006

Q.11 Q.8 (d) In Compton scattering process the fractional change in wavelength of X-ray photon is
1% , at an angle 1200, ( ; find the wavelength of X-rays
used in this experiment. (3)
Hint:- , ,
Page 54 of 68
[ ]
[ ]
2007
Q.12 Q.7 (d) Calculate the relativistic speed at which the mass of a particle becomes double its rest
mass . (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.4
√
( )
Q.13 Q.7 (d) A sodium surface is shined with the light of wavelength . If the work function of the
sodium metal is 2.46 eV , find the kinetic
energy of the photoelectrons and also cut off wavelength . (4)
Hint:- , ,
,
2009
Q.14 Q.2 (xiv) If the electron beam in a television picture tube is accelerated by 10,000 V , what will be the
De’ Broglie’s wavelength ? (4)
Hint:- ,
Page 55 of 68
̅ ̅
̅
√
̅
2010
Q.15 Q.2 (xii) What will be the relativistic velocity and momentum of a particle whose rest mass
is and kinetic energy is equal to twice of its rest mass energy . (4)
Hint:- , ,
√ √
(√ ) ( )
√ √
Page 56 of 68
√ √
√
√
√
Q.16 Q.2 (xv) If the electron beam in a TV picture tube is accelerated by 10 kV , what will be
the De’ Broglie’s wavelength of an electron? (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.14
2011
Q.17 Q.2 (iv) Given . Find the total energy and the kinetic energy of an
electron moving with a speed . (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.5
(0.97 MeV, 0.459 MeV) 2012
Q.18 Q.2 (xv) A sodium surface is shined with the light of wavelength . If the work function of the
sodium metal is 2.46 eV , find the kinetic
energy of the photoelectrons and also cut off wavelength . (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.13
2012
Q.19 Q.2 (vi) Pair annihilation occurred due to a head on collision of an electron and a positron having the
same kinetic energy [ ] , producing pair of photons each having energy of
. What were their kinetic energies before collision?
Given (4)
Hint:- ,
2013
Page 57 of 68
THE ATOMIC SPECTRA PREPARED BY ARIF RAZA 0334-3653937
̅ ̅
Q.1 Q.7 (c) The energy of the lowest excited level of hydrogen atom is . Calculate the energy
of the emitted photon in transition from . (5)
Hint:- , ,
( )
( )
( )
(2.55 eV) 1993

Q.2 Q.7 (c) Find the wavelength of light which is capable of ionizing a hydrogen atom. (5)
Hint:-
( )
( )
( ) 1995
Q.3 Q.7 (d) The energy of an electron in an excited hydrogen atom is , calculate the
angular momentum of the electron according to Bohr’s theory. (3)
Page 58 of 68
Hint:- ,
( ) 1997
Q.4 Q.7 (d) What is the wavelength of the radiation that is emitted when hydrogen atom undergoes a
transition from the state . (3)
Hint:- , ,
( )
( )
( )
( ) 2000
Q.5 Q.8 (d) What is the longest wavelength of light which is capable of ionizing a hydrogen atom?
What energy in electron volt is needed to ionize it? (4)
Hint:- ,
( )
( )
Page 59 of 68
( , 13.6 eV) 2002 P/M

Q.6 Q.7 (d) A photon of 12.1 eV absorbed by a hydrogen atom originally in the
ground state raises the atom to an excited state . What is the quantum
number of this state? (4)
Hint:- , ,
| |
| |
2002P/E
| |
| |
Q.7 Q.7 (d) An electron in the hydrogen atom makes a transition from energy state to the ground state
(corresponding to ); find the wavelength in the ultraviolet region. (4)
Hint:- , ,
( )
Page 60 of 68
( )
( )
( ) 2003P/E
Q.8 Q.7 (d) What minimum energy is required in an X-ray tube in order to produce X-rays with a
wavelength of (4)
Hint:- ,
2004
Q.9 Q.7 (d) In a hydrogen atom an electron experiences transition from a state whose binding energy is
0.54 eV to the state whose excitation energy is 10.2 eV . Calculate:-
(i) The quantum numbers of the two states;
(ii) The wavelength of the photon emitted. (4)
Hint:- , , (i) (ii)
(i)
| |
| |
(ii)
( )
( )
Page 61 of 68
( )
( ) 2005
Q.10 Q.7 (d) Calculate the Binding energy of a hydrogen atom. (3)
Hint:-
[The binding energy is numerically equal to the energy of the lowest state. The largest
negative value of in the given equation is found for ]
̅
[ ]
[ ]
( ) 2007
Q.11 Q.8 (d) Calculate the longest and shortest wavelengths of emitted photons in
hydrogen spectra in Balmer series. (4)
Hint:- ,
( )
( )
( )
( )
Page 62 of 68
( )
( )
, ) 2008
Q.12 Q.2 (xii) Find the shortest wavelength of photon emitted in Balmer series and determine its
energy . (4)
Hint:- ,
( )
( )
( )
( , 3.4 eV) 2010

Q.13 Q.2 (xi) Calculate the energy of the longest wavelength radiation emitted in the Paschen series
in hydrogen atom spectra. (4)
Hint:-
( )
( )
( )
Page 63 of 68
(0.662 eV) 2011

Q.14 Q.2 (xi) Find the value of the shortest and the longest wavelength of emitted
photons in hydrogen spectra in Balmer series. (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.11
, ) 2012
Q.15 Q.2 (v) A hydrogen atom in the ground state get excited by absorbing a photon of
. Find the quantum number of this state ? (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.6
2013
Page 64 of 68
THE ATOMIC NUCLEUS PREPARED BY ARIF RAZA 0334-3653937
UNIFIED ATOMIC MASS UNIT (U):-

Atoms are so tiny that even the smallest speck of dust visible to the naked
eye contains about 1016 atoms. Thus, the mass of a single atom in grams is
much too small a number for convenience, and physicists therefore use a unit
called a “unified atomic mass unit (u)”, also known as “dalton (Da)”
It is defined as:-
“The of the atomic mass of the most abundant type of Carbon atom , and is
exactly taken as 12 u”
So,
Page 65 of 68
We know,
Now,
̅ ̅
Q.1 Q.8 (d) Find the binding energy of in MeV if the mass of a
proton = 1.007 8 u , mass of a neutron = 1.008 6 u , mass of a
Te atom = 125.903 3 u . (4)
Hint:- , , , ,
,
Note:- Note that equation (1) does not include , the mass of Z protons. Rather, it contains ,
the mass of Z protons and Z electrons combined as Z neutral atoms to balance the Z
electrons included in , the mass of neutral atom.
(1060.7 MeV) 2001
Q.2 Q.7 (d) If a neutron is entirely converted in to energy, how much energy
is produced? Express your answer in joule and electron volt. (4)
Page 66 of 68
Hint:- ,
( 2003P/M
Q.3 Q.8 (d) The half-period of is 140 days . By what percentage does its activity
decrease per week ? (4)
Hint:- , ,
So,
| | | |
( )
( )
(3.46 %) 2006
Q.4 Q.8 (d) If the number of atoms per gram of is and it decays with a
half-life of 1622 years , find the decay
constant and the activity of the sample? (4)
Hint:- ,
Page 67 of 68
2009
Q.5 Q.2 (xiii) A deutron is formed when a proton
and a neutron combine; calculate the
mass-defect and binding energy in MeV. (4)
Hint:- , ,
, , , ,
2010
Q.6 Q.2 (xii) Find the binding energy and Packing Fraction in MeV of
, given that 1.007 8 u , 1.008 6 u ,
= 125.903 3 u . (4)
Hint:- , , , ,
, ,
Note:- Note that equation (1) does not include , the mass of Z protons. Rather, it contains ,
the mass of Z protons and Z electrons combined as Z neutral atoms to balance the Z
electrons included in , the mass of neutral atom.
(1060.7 MeV, ) 2012

Q.7 Q.2 (vii) The number of atoms per gram of is and it decays with a
half-life of 1622 years , find the decay
constant and the activity of the sample? (4)
Hint:- Same as Q.4
2013
Page 68 of 68

Solved Numericals of Physics Class 12 Si

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HEAT PREPARED BY ARIF RAZA 0334-3653937

CHAPTER # 11 NUMERICALS [email protected]

(450 J, 100 N/m2) 1994

(1010 J, 990 J) 1996

(515.70 m/s) 1996

Q.9 Q.2 (c) 540 calories of heat is required to vaporize 1 gm of water at

(30.4 J/K) 1998

(625 J, 415 J) 2001

(20 %, 375 K) 2002 P/E

(330.27 K) 2002 P/E

(92.7 K) 2003 P/M

(0.4 kg) 2003 P/M

(0.08853 kg/ 2004

(409.8 J/Kg.K) 2005

(86 0F, 303 K) 2006

(257.57 K, 172.57 K) 2008

(4.6 gm) 2009

(1600 J, 1200 J) 2010

(400 K, 280 K) 2013

with a force 1.695 N . If ,

(2 N, Force on charged particle is directed away from the sheet) 2000

(2.84 eV) 2004

(5.86 cm) 2011

(20 I3 = I4 = 0.15 A) 2001

(25.46 ) 2002 P/E

internal resistance of the battery and its terminal voltage (4)

(0.90 , 22 V) 2002 P/M

Q.1 Q.4 (c) A 10 eV electron is moving in a circular orbit

(0.107 m, 1.875 106 m/sec) 1993

(10 Volt) 1993

(1.58 106 m/sec) 1995

(0.088 rad/sec, 0.0140 rev/sec) 1998

(30 turns) 1999

(0.636 N.m) 2003 P/E

(10,000 W, 200 turns, 2.27 A, 40.90 A) 2005

(1.6 Volt) 2007

12.5 kW and the overall efficiency of the transformer is 90% . The

(44 volt) 1995

(0. ) 2003 P/M

Hint:- same as Q.6

. A shunt of is connected in parallel to convert it in

CONSTANTS USED IN THIS CHAPTER

Q.1 Q.7 (c) The work function of a metal is 2 eV . The light of

(2.14 eV) 1994

(Since therefore no photoelectrons will be emitted) 1998

(2.50 eV) 2001

(0.97 MeV, 0.459 MeV) 2002 P/E

( , 3.78 eV) 2006

CONSTANTS USED IN THIS CHAPTER

(2.55 eV) 1993

( , 13.6 eV) 2002 P/M

( , 3.4 eV) 2010

(0.662 eV) 2011

UNIFIED ATOMIC MASS UNIT (U):-

CONSTANTS USED IN THIS CHAPTER

(1060.7 MeV, ) 2012

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