Tutorial 2 (Problem) MAT1014 Calculus August2021
Tutorial 2 (Problem) MAT1014 Calculus August2021
MAT1014 CALCULUS
TUTORIAL 2
Chapter 2 Differentiation
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SECTION A
Question 1
Use the definition of tangent to find the slope of the tangents to the functions 𝑦 = 4 − 5𝑥 at 𝑥 = −7.
Question 2
Use the definition of derivative to find the derivatives of the following functions.
(a) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 (b) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐
Question 3
The graph of f is given. State, with reasons, the values of 𝑥 at which 𝑓 is not differentiable.
(a) (b)
Question 4
Prove that the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 + |𝑥| is not differentiable at 𝑥 = 0.
Question 5
Find the derivatives of the following functions.
(a) 𝑦 = 9.7834𝑥 (i) 𝑦 = 5𝑥 − 3𝑥 −2 + 92
6
(b) 𝑦 = (3√2 − 𝜋)𝑥 (j) 𝑦 = √3 − 𝜋𝑥 + 𝑥 −5 + 23
5
4 2 5
(c) 𝑦= 3√2 𝑥 (k) 𝑦 = 7 − 5𝑥 + 7𝑥 3
2
(d) 𝑦 = (2 + 𝜋 − 4𝑒)𝑥 −3 (l) 𝑦 = 4𝑥 −
√𝑥
3
(e) 𝑦 = 4𝑥 2 (m) 𝑦 = √𝑥(4 + √𝑥)
2+3𝑥 2
(f) 𝑦 = 3√𝑥 (n) 𝑦= 𝑥2
𝑥
(g) 𝑦=7 (o) 𝑦 = 5𝑒 − 37𝑥
𝑥
(h) 𝑦 = √3𝑒 𝑥
Question 6
Differentiate the following functions.
1+16𝑡 2
(a) 𝑓(𝑥) = (2𝑥 2 − 2)(𝑥 3 + 3𝑥) (h) 𝑔(𝑡) = (4𝑡)3
1+2𝑢
(b) 𝑦 = (2 − 4𝑥 2 )(1 − 𝑥 + 3𝑥 2 ) (i) ℎ(𝑢) = 3−4𝑢
(c) 𝑦 = sin 𝑥 − tan 𝑥 + 5𝑒 𝑥 − 3 (j) 𝑦 = cos(7 − 5𝑥)
(d) 𝑦 = sec 𝑥 − cos 𝑥 (k) 𝑦 = 2 cot(9 + 𝑥)
(e) 𝑦 = 2 csc 𝑥 + 4 cot 𝑥 + 7 (l) 𝑦 = cos 𝑒 𝑥
(f) 𝑦 = (3 − 5𝑥)15 (m) 𝑦 = −3 sec(2𝑥 − 5)
(g) 𝑦 = √7 − 4𝑥 (n) 𝑦 = (1 + tan 3𝑥)(𝑒 2𝑥 − 2)
Question 7
𝑑𝑦
Find 𝑑𝑥 for each of the following functions.
(a) 𝑦 = ln 3𝑥 + 𝑒 3𝑥 (i) 𝑦 = sin−1(3𝑥 − 7)
(b) 𝑦 = 2𝑥 −3 − log10 𝑥 (j) 𝑦 = ln(tan−1 𝑥)
(c) 𝑦 = sin(ln 𝑥) (k) 𝑦 = tan−1(ln 𝑥)
(d) 𝑦 = ln(𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑥) (l) 𝑦 = 5cosh 2𝑥
(e) 𝑦 = sech3 𝑥 (m) 𝑦 = ln(tanh 2𝑥 + tan 𝑒 𝑥 )
(f) 𝑦 = sinh 𝑥 tanh 𝑥 (n) 𝑦 = sinh−1(tanh 𝑥)
−1 𝑥
(g) 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥 csch−1 𝑥 (o) 𝑦 = 𝑒 sinh
(h) 𝑦 = √tanh 5𝑥
Question 8
𝑑𝑦
Find 𝑑𝑥 in terms of 𝑥 and 𝑦 for each of the following implicit functions.
(a) 𝑦 = 7 − 4𝑥 2 + 4𝑦 2 (f) 3𝑒 𝑥+𝑦 = 𝑦
(b) 𝑦2 + 𝑦3 = 𝑥2 + 𝑥3 (g) 2𝑥 = 𝑒 sin 𝑦
(c) 𝑦 − sin 𝑦 = 4 − 𝑥 2 + 𝑒 2𝑦 (h) 𝑦 = ln 𝑥 + ln 𝑦
(d) 𝑒 𝑥 = ln 𝑦 (i) sin 𝑦 = ln cos 𝑥
−1 𝑦
(e) sin−1 𝑦 = cos 𝑥 (j) tan 𝑥 = 𝑒 sin + cos −1 𝑦
Question 9
𝑑𝑦
Find 𝑑𝑥 in terms of 𝑡 for each of the following parametric equations.
(a) 𝑥 = sin 2𝜋𝑡; 𝑦 = cos 2𝜋𝑡 (c) 𝑥 = −√𝑡 + 1; 𝑦 = √3𝑡
(b) 𝑥 = 𝑡 + 𝑒𝑡; 𝑦 = 1 − 𝑒𝑡
SECTION B
Question 1
Use the definition of tangent to find the slope of the tangents to the function 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 5 at
𝑥 = 3.
Question 2
Use the definition of derivative to find the derivatives of the following functions.
𝑎
(a) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥+𝑏, 𝑥 ≠ −𝑏 (b) 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏
Question 3
Match the graph of each function in (a) – (d) with the graph of its derivative in I-IV. Give reasons
for your choices.
(a) (c)
(b) (d)
I II
III IV
Question 4
The graph of f is given. State, with reasons, the values of 𝑥 at which 𝑓 is not differentiable.
(a) (b)
Question 5
Use the definition of differentiability, determine whether
(a) 𝑓(𝑥) = |𝑥 − 2| is differentiable at 𝑥 = 2.
𝑥2 + 𝑥 , 𝑥 ≥ 0
(b) 𝑓(𝑥) = { is differentiable at 𝑥 = 0.
sin 𝑥 , 𝑥 < 0
Question 6
Find the derivatives of the following functions.
2
(a) 𝑦=3 (d) 𝑦 = √𝑥(2𝑥 + 3√𝑥 − 7)
√𝑥
1+√2 1+𝑥−3√𝑥−2𝑥2
(b) 𝑦= (e) 𝑦=
𝑥3 √𝑥
7
(c) 𝑦 = √𝑥 2 + 2(7𝑥 ) (f) 𝑦 = 4 − 5𝑥 + 2𝑒 𝑥 − 8𝑥
3
Question 7
Find 𝑓 ′ (𝑥), 𝑓 ′′ (𝑥) and 𝑓 ′′′ (𝑥) for each of the following:
(a) 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 − 4𝑥 −5 − 𝑒 𝑥 (b) 𝑓(𝑥) = 7𝑥
Question 8
𝑑𝑦
Use product rule to find for each of the following functions.
𝑑𝑥
1 3
(a) 𝑦 = 𝑥 4 4𝑥 (b) 𝑦 = (𝑥 2 − 𝑥 4 ) (𝑥 + 5𝑥 3 )
Question 9
𝑑𝑦
Use quotient rule to find 𝑑𝑥 for each of the following functions.
2𝑥−3 2𝑥
(a) 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 +3 (c) 𝑦 = 𝑒𝑥
3
𝑥 √𝑥
(b) 𝑦= 𝑐 (d) 𝑦 = 𝑥−3
𝑥+
𝑥
Question 10
Differentiate the following functions with respect to x.
(a) 𝑦 = (1 + 𝑥 2 ) tan 𝑥 (c) 𝑦 = 𝑥 cos 𝑥 sin 𝑥
cos 𝑥
(b) 𝑦 = 𝑥−1 (d) 𝑦 = 𝑥(𝑎 cos 𝑥 + 𝑏 cot 𝑥)
Question 11
Use Chain Rule to find the derivatives of the following functions.
2
(a) 𝑦= (e) 𝑦 = sec(tan 𝑥 5 )
√6𝑥+5
3
(b) 𝑦= (2𝑒 𝑥 −5)3
(f) 𝑦 = 3𝑒 sin 𝑥 cos 𝑥
3𝑥 2𝑥+1
(c) 𝑦 = 4𝑒 +5 (g) 𝑦 = sin 𝑥 2
3
(d) 𝑦 = sec(1 + 𝑒 𝑥 ) − cos 2𝑥 + − 9 (h) 𝑦 = sin2 4𝑥
√𝑥
Question 12
𝑑𝑦
Find 𝑑𝑥 in terms of 𝑥 and 𝑦 for each of the following implicit functions.
(a) 𝑦 = cos 3𝑦 − 2𝑥 2 (d) (2𝑥 − 𝑦)3 = cos 𝑦
𝑥
(b) 𝑥 tan 𝑦 = 𝑥 cot 𝑦 (e) cot 2 𝑦 = 𝑦
(c) 𝑥𝑦 = sin(𝑥 + 𝑦)
Question 13
𝑑𝑦
Find 𝑑𝑥 for each of the following functions.
(a) 𝑦 = 𝑥 4 − ln 𝑥 3 (d) 𝑦 = ln 4𝑥 + log 5 6𝑥
(b) 𝑦 = 𝑒 2𝑥 ln 3𝑥 (e) 𝑦 = ln(tan 𝑥)
(c) 𝑦 = (ln 𝑥)3 (f) 𝑦 = ln(ln 5𝑥)
Question 14
𝑑𝑦
Find 𝑑𝑥 in terms of 𝑥 and 𝑦 for each of the following implicit functions.
(a) 𝑦 2 = ln(𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑦 ) (c) 𝑥 tan(ln 𝑦) = 𝑦𝑒 3𝑥
(b) ln 𝑦 = 𝑥 3 cos 𝑦
Question 15
𝑑𝑦
For each of the following functions, use aid of natural logarithm to find 𝑑𝑥 in terms of 𝑥
𝑥
(a) 𝑦 = (2𝑥 − 5)𝑒 2𝑥 sin 3𝑥 (d) 𝑦 = (4𝑥−3)3(2𝑥+1)4
(b) 𝑦 = (2𝑥 + 3)5 √4 − 𝑥 (e) 𝑦 = (sin 𝑥)𝑥
√𝑥+1
(c) 𝑦= (f) 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 2𝑥
4−3𝑥
Question 16
Find the derivatives of the following functions.
(a) 𝑦 = cos−1 (2𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑥 ) (c) 𝑦 = sin−1(cos −1 𝑥)
−1 −1
(b) 𝑦 = (sin 𝑥)(cos 𝑥)
Question 17
𝑑𝑦
Find 𝑑𝑥 in terms of 𝑥 and 𝑦 for each of the following implicit functions.
(a) ln(tan−1 𝑦) = 𝑥 2 − 𝑒 𝑦 (b) cos(sin−1 𝑦) − 𝑦 2 = cos 𝑥
Question 18
𝑑𝑦
Find 𝑑𝑥 in terms of 𝑡 for each of the following parametric equations.
(a) 𝑥 = tan 𝑡; 𝑦 = tan−1 𝑡 (c) 𝑥 = cos −1(ln 𝑡); 𝑦 = ln(sin−1 𝑡)
(b) 𝑥 = ln 𝑡; 𝑦 = 𝑒 −3𝑡 + 𝑡 3 − 9
Question 19
Differentiate the following with respect to 𝑥:
2𝑥
(a) 𝑒 cosh (e) cosh(sinh−1 𝑥)
2
(b) (f) sinh−1 𝑥 sin−1 𝑥
cosh 𝑒 𝑥
2𝑥
(c) (g) sech−1 [ln(5 − csch 𝑒 2 )]
cosh−1 𝑥
tanh 𝑥
(d) ln 𝑒 3𝑥
Question 20
𝑑2 𝑦
(a) If 𝑦 = 𝑎 cosh 𝑘𝑥 + 𝑏 sinh 𝑘𝑥, show that 𝑑𝑥 2 = 𝑘 2 𝑦.
(b) If 𝑦 = cosh(ln 𝑥) + 2 sinh(ln 𝑥), prove that
𝑑𝑦
(i) 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = sinh(ln 𝑥) + 2 cosh(ln 𝑥)
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
(ii) 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 2 + 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑦 = 0
1
(c) Show that if 𝑦 = 𝑥 (𝑎 sinh 𝑥 + 𝑏 cosh 𝑥), then 𝑥𝑦 ′′ + 2𝑦 ′ − 𝑥𝑦 = 0.
SECTION C
Question 1
2𝑥+1
Use the definition of tangent to find the slope of the tangents to the functions 𝑦 = at 𝑥 = 1.
𝑥+2
Question 2
For the function g whose graph is given, arrange the following numbers in increasing order.
0 g ( −2 ) g ( 0) g ( 2) g ( 4)
Question 3
Match the graph of each function in (a) – (d) with the graph of its derivative in I-IV.
(a) (c)
(b) (d)
I II
III IV
Question 4
Use the definition of derivative to find the derivatives of the following functions.
1−2𝑡
(a) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 + √𝑥 (b) 𝑔(𝑡) = 3+𝑡
Question 5
By the definition of differentiability, determine whether the following piecewise function is
differentiable at 𝑥 = 3.
𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 ,𝑥 ≤ 3
𝑓(𝑥) = {
2sin(𝑥 − 3) , 𝑥 > 3
Question 6
For what values of x is the function ℎ(𝑥) = |𝑥 − 1| + |𝑥 + 2| not differentiable?
Question 7
Differentiate the following functions.
1+𝑒 −4𝑥 𝐴𝑡
(a) 𝑦= (h) 𝑓(𝑡) = 𝐵𝑡 2 +𝐶𝑡 3
cos 2𝑥
5
𝑦 4 +1
(b) 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 sin 𝑥 tan 𝑥 (i) 𝑈(𝑦) = (𝑦 2+1)
(c) 𝑦 = cos4 (sin3 𝑥) (j) 𝑔(𝑥) = (2𝑟 sin 𝑟𝑥 + 𝑛)𝑝
𝑒 𝑢 −𝑒 −𝑢
(d) 𝑦= (k) 𝐻(𝑟) = 𝑒 𝑡 + 𝑡 𝑒
𝑒 𝑢 +𝑒 −𝑢
(e) 𝑦 = ln|cos(ln 𝑥)| (l) 𝑦 = log 2 (𝑥 log 5 𝑥)
2
𝑥 2 −𝑥
(f) 𝑦 = √𝑥𝑒 (𝑥 + 1) 3 (m) 𝑦 = (ln 𝑥)cos 𝑥
𝑥 𝑥−𝑎 𝑥
(g) 𝑦 = tan−1 (𝑎) + ln √𝑥+𝑎 (n) 𝑦 = 𝑥 sinh−1 (3) − √9 + 𝑥 2
Question 8
Find the given derivative by finding the first few derivatives and observing the pattern that occurs.
𝑑35
(a) (𝑥 sin 𝑥) (b) 𝐷103 cos 2𝑥
𝑑𝑥 35
Question 9
𝑑𝑦
Find 𝑑𝑥 in terms of 𝑥 and 𝑦 for each of the following implicit functions.
𝑥
(a) 1 + 𝑥 = sin(𝑥𝑦 2 ) (d) 𝑒𝑦 = 𝑥 − 𝑦
(b) 𝑥 4 (𝑥 + 𝑦) = 𝑦 2 (3𝑥 − 𝑦) (e) 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑦𝑥
(c) tan−1(𝑥 2 𝑦) = 𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦 2 (f) ln 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥+𝑦
Question 10
Find 𝑦 ′′ by implicit differentiation.
(a) 𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 = 3 (b) 𝑥3 − 𝑦3 = 7
Answers
Section A
1. −5
2. (a) a (b) 2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏
3. (a) 𝑥 = −4; exists a corner at this point; 𝑥 = 0; discontinuous at this point
(b) 𝑥 = −1; discontinuous at this point; 𝑥 = 2; exists a corner at this point
5. (a) 9.7834 (b) 3√2 − 𝜋 (c) 3√2
3(4𝑒−2−𝜋) 3 3
(d) 4 (e) − 3 (f)
𝑥 2𝑥 2√𝑥
6
(g) 7𝑥 ln 7 (h) √3𝑒 𝑥 (i) ) 5 +
𝑥3
2 15 1
(j) −𝜋 − 6𝑥 −6 (k) − (l) 4 + 3
5𝑥 2 7𝑥 4
𝑥2
2 4
(m) +1 (n) − (o) 5𝑒 − 37𝑥 ln 37
𝑥
√𝑥 𝑥3
6. (a) 10𝑥 4 + 12𝑥 2 − 6 (b) −2 + 4𝑥 + 12𝑥 2 − 48𝑥 3 (c) cos 𝑥 − sec 2 𝑥 + 5𝑒 𝑥
(d) sec 𝑥 tan 𝑥 + sin 𝑥 (e) −2 csc 𝑥 (cot 𝑥 + 2 csc 𝑥) (f) −75(3 − 5𝑥)14
2 16𝑡 2+3 10
(g) − (h) − (i) (4𝑢−3)2
√7−4𝑥 64𝑡 4
2 (9
(j) 5 sin(7 − 5𝑥) (k) −2 csc + 𝑥) (l) −𝑒 𝑥 sin 𝑒 𝑥
2𝑥 (1
(m) −6 sec(2𝑥 − 5) tan(2𝑥 − 5) (n) 2𝑒 + tan 3𝑥) + 3(𝑒 − 2) sec 2 3𝑥
2𝑥
1 1 6 1 cos(ln 𝑥)
7. (a) ) + 3𝑒 3𝑥 (b) − ( 3 + ) (c)
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 ln 10 𝑥
𝑒 𝑥 −1 3
(d) (e) −3 sech 𝑥 tanh 𝑥 (f) sinh 𝑥 (sech2 𝑥 + 1)
𝑒 𝑥 −𝑥
1 5 sech2 5𝑥 3
(g) 𝑒 𝑥 (csch−1 𝑥 − ) (h) (i)
|𝑥|√1+𝑥 2 2√tanh 5𝑥 √1−(3𝑥−7)2
1 1
(j) (1+𝑥 2) (k) (l) (2 ln 5)5cosh 2𝑥 sinh 2𝑥
tan−1 𝑥 𝑥[1+(ln 𝑥)2 ]
−1 𝑥
(2𝑥 ln 2) sech2 2𝑥 +𝑒 𝑥 sec2 𝑒 𝑥 sech2 𝑥 𝑒 sinh
(m) (n) (o)
tanh 2𝑥 +tan 𝑒 𝑥 √tanh2 𝑥+1 √𝑥 2 +1
8𝑥 2𝑥+3𝑥 2 2𝑥
8. (a) (b) (c)
8𝑦−1 2𝑦+3𝑦 2 cos 𝑦+2𝑒 2𝑦−1
3𝑒 𝑥+𝑦
(d) 𝑦𝑒 𝑥 (e) −√1 − 𝑦 2 sin 𝑥 (f)
1−3𝑒 𝑥+𝑦
2𝑥 ln 2 𝑦 tan 𝑥
(g) (h) (i) −
𝑒 sin 𝑦 cos 𝑦 𝑥(𝑦−1) cos 𝑦
√1−𝑦 2 sec2 𝑥
(j) −1 𝑦
𝑒 sin −1
𝑒𝑡 3(𝑡+1)
9. (a) − tan 2𝜋𝑡 (b) − (c) −√
1+𝑒 𝑡 𝑡
Section B
1. 8
𝑎 𝑎
2. (a) − (𝑥+𝑏)2 (b)
2√𝑎𝑥+𝑏
3. (a) II (b) I (c) IV
(d) III
4. (a) 𝑥 = 1; discontinuous at this point; 𝑥 = 5; vertical tangent at this point;
(b) 𝑥 = −2, 3; exist corners at these points; 𝑥 = 1; discontinuous at this point.
5. (a) Not differentiable (b) Differentiable
3
1 3+3√2 2
6. (a) − 𝑥 −2 (b) − (c) 5 + 2(ln 7)7𝑥
3 𝑥4
7𝑥 7
7 1 1
(d) 3√𝑥 + 3 − (e) − 3 + − 3√ 𝑥 (f) −15𝑥 2 + 2𝑒 𝑥 − 8𝑥 ln 8
2√𝑥 2√𝑥
2𝑥 2
7. (a) 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 3 + 20𝑥 −6 − 𝑒 𝑥 ; 𝑓 ′′ (𝑥) = −120𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑥 ; 𝑓 ′′′ (𝑥) = 840𝑥 −8 − 𝑒 𝑥−7
Additional Exercises
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