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Topic 4.3 Formative Answer Key

1. The document contains questions and diagrams related to wave characteristics including longitudinal waves, sound intensity, reflection, refraction, polarization, and analyzers. 2. Questions involve calculating sound intensity at different distances from a speaker, comparing wave amplitudes, finding angles of reflection and refraction, sketching wavefronts and pulses, and calculating intensities based on polarization angles. 3. The document tests understanding of key wave concepts through practice assessment questions requiring calculations, sketches, and explanations.

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587 views

Topic 4.3 Formative Answer Key

1. The document contains questions and diagrams related to wave characteristics including longitudinal waves, sound intensity, reflection, refraction, polarization, and analyzers. 2. Questions involve calculating sound intensity at different distances from a speaker, comparing wave amplitudes, finding angles of reflection and refraction, sketching wavefronts and pulses, and calculating intensities based on polarization angles. 3. The document tests understanding of key wave concepts through practice assessment questions requiring calculations, sketches, and explanations.

Uploaded by

이수연
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Topic 4.

3 – Wave characteristics Formative Assessment


NAME: _________________________________ TEAM:__
THIS IS A PRACTICE ASSESSMENT. Show formulas, substitutions, answers (in spaces provided) and units!
1. Sketch the wavefronts and rays. What type of wave is illustrated?
longitudinal
1. _______________.
2. A 350 watt speaker projects sound in a spherical
wave. Find the intensity of the sound at a
distance of 3.0 m and 9.0 m from the speaker.
3.09 Wm-2, 0.344 Wm-2
2. ________________
I = P / (4x2) = 350 / (432) = 3.0947 Wm-2.
I = P / (4x2) = 350 / (492) = 0.3439 Wm-2.
At a distance of 45 m from a speaker the sound
intensity is 5.010 -1 W m-2.
3. Find its intensity at a distance of 18 m. 3.1 Wm-2
3. ________________
I1  x1-2 and I2  x2-2 so that I2 / I1 = x2-2 / x1-2 = x12 / x22 = (x1 / x2)2.
Then I2 = I1 (x1 / x2)2 = 5.010-1(45/18)2 = 3.125 Wm-2.
4. Compare the amplitudes of the sound at 45 m and 18 m. A1 = 0.40A2
4. ________________
We can use I  A and I1 and I2. Then I1  A1 and I2  A2 so that I1 / I2
2 2 2 or A2 = 2.5A1
= A1 / A2 . Finally A1 / A2 = (I1 / I2 ) = (5.010 /3.125) = 0.4  A1 =
2 2 1/2 -1 1/2

0.16A2
A traveling wave having a wave speed of 65 m s-1 strikes a boundary between
two mediums with an angle of incidence of 20°. Some of the wave’s energy 
incident normal
is reflected at the boundary, and some of it is transmitted through the reflected refracted
boundary and into the second medium, where its speed is increased to 95 m
s-1.
5. Sketch the normal, and the angle of incidence in the diagram. 5. ____In picture_____
The normal is perpendicular to the boundary between the two media.
6. Find the angle of reflection and sketch the reflected ray. 20
6. ________________
reflected = incident. ____In picture_____

7. Sketch the refracted ray. 7. ____In picture_____


Since the wave speeds up the wavelength will increase so the ray will
increase its angle with the normal.
A traveling wave whose wavefronts are shown strikes a boundary between
two mediums as shown. The frequency of the incident wave is 15 Hz, and the
wavelength is 0.85 m. The angle of incidence is 30° and the angle of 30
refraction is 25°. 25
8. Sketch the wavefronts of the refracted wave. Draw the normal and
the angles first. Then join the wavefronts. 8. ____In picture_____
9. How does the frequency of the refracted wave compare to that of the
incident wave? the same
9. ________________
The frequency or the cadence does not change at medium boundaries.
10. How does the wavelength of the refracted wave compare to that of the incident wave?
Clearly, from the sketch, it is shorter. shorter, less
10. ________________

11. How does the wave speed of the refracted wave compare to that of the incident wave?
Since v = f , and since f stays the same and  is smaller, v is also 11. smaller, less
________________
smaller.
12. A wave pulse is approaches a fixed point in a
string. Sketch in the pulse shape after
reflection. 12. ____In picture_____
Fixed point reflection is 180 out of phase. Small pulse reflects first.
13. Two wave pulses approach each other from
opposite directions as shown. Sketch the
waveform when the trailing edge of Pulse A
and the leading edge of Pulse B are coincident.
13. ____In picture_____

The following questions are about polarization and polarized light.


14. Describe what is meant by polarized light.
In general, light comes with its E-field oriented perpendicular to the
wave direction in infinite planes. Polarized light has all of its E-fields in
15. Describe polarization by reflection. a single plane.
At a reflection boundary, light can become plane-polarized so that its E-
field is parallel to the boundary surface.
16. Unpolarized light in air is reflected from a liquid surface in such a way that it is completely polarized.
47
The angle of incidence is 43. What is the angle of refraction in the liquid? 16. ________________
According to Brewster’s law, reflected + refracted = 90. Since it is always the case that reflected =
incident then 43 + refracted = 90 and we have refracted = 90 - 43 = 47.
Two disks of Polaroid are aligned so that they polarize light in the same plane.
17. Calculate the angle through which one sheet needs to be turned in order to reduce the amplitude of
the observed E-field to one-fifth of its original value. 79
17. ________________
cos  = 1/5   = 78.5.

18. If the initial intensity was I0, what will the new intensity be (at the angle you just calculated)?
I = I0 cos2  = I0 (1/5)2 = I0 / 25. I0 / 25
18. ________________

19. If we want the intensity to be one-fifth of its original value, what must be the angle through which
one of the sheets is turned. 19. ________________
63
I = I0 cos2  = I0 / 5  cos2  = 1/ 5   = cos-1 (1 / 5)1/2 = 63.43.

Polarized light of intensity I0 is incident on an analyzer. The transmission axis of the analyzer makes an
angle  with the direction of the electric field of the light waves entering it.
20. Explain the terms polarizer and analyzer.
Polarizer converts unpolarized light to polarized
light. The analyzer is the second filter.
21. Sketch a graph to show the variation of the
intensity of the light transmitted through the
analyzer as  changes from 0 to 270.
21. ____In graph_____

22. A ray of plane-polarized light of intensity 25 Wm-2 is normally incident on a polarizing filter. The
intensity of the transmitted light is 20 Wm-2. Calculate the angle between the plane of the polarized
light and the preferred plane of the filter. 27.
22. ________________
I = I0 cos2   20 = 25 cos2   0.80 = cos2    = cos-1 0.801/2 = 26.57.

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