Module 6: Rights & Responsibilities of Workers & Employers Learner’s Answer Sheet

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Name of Learner: Victor A. Llantino Date:

“Ang bawat karapatan ay may kaakibat na responsibilidad”
Every right implies a responsibility.

Rights and Responsibilities of Workers and Employers Objectives

By the end of the module, you will:
Understand the concepts of rights and responsibilities
Be familiar with the rights & responsibilities of workers and employers in the Philippines
Know how to apply one’s rights and responsibilities in the workplace

Written Assignments
This is a checklist of all the written documents for learners to accomplish. The facilitator will put a tick
mark on the submitted outputs and follow-up on those that have not been submitted yet.
 6.1: Human Rights
 6.2: Universal Declaration of Human Rights
 6.3: Rights or Responsibilities at Work?
 Session 1 Writing Space
 6.4: Responsibilities of the Employer and the Worker
 6.5: Labor Code Excerpts
 Session 2 Writing Space

SESSION 1: UNDERSTANDING RIGHTS & RESPONSIBILITIES

Activity 1: Introductory Activity
What did you learn from the module on Safety and Health at Work? (page 5)

 I learn from the module on safety and health at work be sure your safeness. I learned that safety is
very important for each and every employee in the health at work because all the workers desire
to work in a safe and protected atmosphere. Health and safety is the key factor for all the
industries in order to promote the wellness of both employees and employers.
hope it helps

Read the proverb at the beginning of the module. What does it mean? How is it related to work?
(page 6)

 Ang bawat karapatan na ipinahiwatig namin na kinasasangkutan ng pagkakaroon ng mahahalagang

tungkulin. Ito ay tulad ng pagkakaroon ng kalayaan at kapangyarihan na may isang malaking
responsibilidad. Dapat nating malaman ang mga karapatan at maging responsable na kunin at
hawakan ito. Ang pagpasok sa iyong sarili sa isang responsibilidad ay dapat handa ka.

This module will focus on Rights and Responsibilities of Workers and Employers. What are
examples of a right and a responsibility that goes with that right? (page 6)

For example:

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Module 6: Rights & Responsibilities of Workers & Employers Learner’s Answer Sheet
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 The right to education comes with a responsibility to study well;

 The right to clean water comes with a responsibility to take care of the environment.

Name two or three:

*Freedom to express yourself.

*Freedom to worship as you wish.
*Right to a prompt, fair trial by jury.
*Right to vote in elections for public officials.

Learners’ Reflection: Module 6 Rights and Responsibilities of

Workers and Employers (page 7)
My experience Knowledge, skills and 1 2 3 4
abilities I don’t have I have little I have some I have a lot
any experience experience of
Kaalaman, kasanayan at kakayahan experience doing this doing this experience
doing this. Mayroon Mayroon doing this.
Wala akong akong akong Marami
karanasan konting karanasan sa akong
sa paggawa karanasan paggawa karanasan
nito sa paggawa nito sa paggawa
nito nito
Identify universal human rights /
Pagtukoy sa pang-unibersal na X
karapatang pantao
Know the rights and responsibilities of
workers and employers according to X
the Philippine Labor Code / May
kaalaman tungkol sa karapatan at
tungkulin o responsibilidad ng mga
manggagawa at empleyado ayon sa
Philippine Labor Code
Know and use the health & safety
regulations in the Philippine Labor X
Code / Pagsasagawa ng mga tuntunin
para sa kalusugan at kaligtasan ayon
sa Philippine Labor Code
Use several appropriate strategies to
stand up for my rights or take action to X
address a problem at work / Paggamit
ng mga angkop na estratehiya o
pamamaraan para panindigan ang
aking karapatan, o para maaksiyunan
ang problema sa trabaho

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Module 6: Rights & Responsibilities of Workers & Employers Learner’s Answer Sheet
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6.1: Human Rights

(see page 8 for the instructions)

What do you understand about each picture?

 I understand about each picture It means that you all have the rights to do that in order to
protect human rights and have a freedom of individuals or groups.

6.2: Universal Declaration of Human Rights

(see page 9 for further instructions)

Think about it!

Read each item in page 9 to 12. In the column beside each number, jot down words that may be
unclear to you. Look these words up in the dictionary or discuss them with your Mobile Teacher.

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Module 6: Rights & Responsibilities of Workers & Employers Learner’s Answer Sheet
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Plain Language Version 1:

1. conscience
2.  being born in another social group
3. Freedom
4. you should not make anyone your slave
5. Torture
6. same way everywhere
7.
8. your country grants
9. Unjustly
10. Influenced
11. Condemn
12. Harm
13. Within
14. Another
15. Prevent
16. Impediments
17.
18.
19. Profess
20. Forbid
21. Affairs
22. Society
23. Defend
24.
25. Entitled
26. Primary
27. Sciences
28. Worldwide
29. Guarantee
30. Upon

Activity 2: What’s a Right and What’s a Responsibility?

Let’s Apply! (see page 13 for example and instructions)

Rights Responsibility
I have the right to a safe, clean home. I have the responsibility to keep my home safe
and clean.

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Module 6: Rights & Responsibilities of Workers & Employers Learner’s Answer Sheet
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I have right to work. I have the responsibility to keep my job and

work hard.
I have right to study. I have the responsibility to study hard and
finish it.
I have right to dream. have the responsibility to working it .

6.3: Rights or Responsibilities at Work?

(see page 13 for the instructions)

Activity My Right My Responsibility

Receive fair pay at the correct
time
Do all work in a safe manner
and be mindful of other
people’s safety at all times
Arrive on time and stay until the
work day has ended
Have time for regular breaks
Work in a safe workplace
Use all equipment safely
Handle with care the equipment
and materials at the workplace
Return materials and/or
equipment after use
Wear protective clothing, gear
or paraphernalia
Be trained in how to use
equipment
Ask for help and learn from
others
Be given clear information
about the job and expectations
Have the right equipment and
materials to do the work
properly

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Module 6: Rights & Responsibilities of Workers & Employers Learner’s Answer Sheet
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Have a positive attitude about

work
Ask questions in a way that
respects co-workers
Do a good job and finish on
time
Follow instructions given by the
employer

Session 1– Writing Space

Use this space to complete any of the written assignments above or write any thoughts or ideas
that have come to mind on rights and responsibilities of a worker (page 15)

 It’s important to understand your workplace rights and responsibilities in regards to pay and
conditions, health and safety and workplace bullying.

Congratulations! You have completed the session on understanding rights and responsibilities. You are
now ready to learn more about The Labor Code of the Philippines.

SESSION 2: RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES UNDER THE LABOR CODE

OF THE PHILIPPINES

Activity 3: Introductory Activity

Brainstorm a list of the rights and responsibilities you think you will have as an encoder in an
office. (see page 17 for further instructions)

My Rights My Responsibilities
To work in a safe working environment To work or perform with utmost efficiency and
professionalism
To have an access to a computer or laptop and To observe confidentiality of the documents
other necessary equipment being encoded

To provide quality output and performance

To work according to the job description
discussed prior the employment
To maximize working hours proficiently and
To receive proper and mandated compensation efficiently
and benefits
To take or use the necessary leave and day offs To contribute to the company’s goals, vision and
mission
 To work in harmony with the other employees in

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To be compensated for overtime working hours the company and report to the superior as
deemed necessary

Read the statements in page 18 that have to do with rights in the workplace. For each
statement, write TRUE or FALSE based on your understanding of labor laws in the Philippines. If
you think it is FALSE, change the statement to make it TRUE.
(see page 18 for the statements)

Statement True or False

No.
1. False: The work week is 40 hours
2. False: Young people under the age of 15 may not be employed, except when he works
directly under the responsibility of his parents or guardians. The official employment
age is 15, with some exceptions for children ages 15‐18.
3. True. Under the law, you can be required to work under certain conditions.
4. False: If an individual worker wants to express his/her opinion about his rights, he/she
can do that by participating in policy and decision-making processes that affect his/her
rights.
5. True. Employers have the responsibility to provide annual incentive leave to its
employees. However, this does not apply for employees in a retail or service
establishment employing 1‐ 9 workers.

Activity 4: Responsibilities of Workers and Employers

Responsibilities of the Employer
 To make a work agreement with the employee, agreeing on conditions, time and place;
 To follow up with the employee on the agreed terms;
 To supervise and provide suitable conditions of work so workers have security, health and dignity;
 To honor terms of payment;
 To safeguard standards, staff and environment;
 To register and pay into social security for the employee;
 To take care of the well‐being of staff and qualified dependents (e.g. wife/husband, children);
 To agree on a performance contract.

Responsibilities of the Worker

 To personally perform the work in the time, place and conditions as agreed upon;
 To follow the instructions of the worker’s boss;
 To avoid any issues or problems at the workplace that will endanger the worker or his/her colleagues;
 To follow the rules at work.

(see page 20 for the instructions)

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Module 6: Rights & Responsibilities of Workers & Employers Learner’s Answer Sheet
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Activity 5: Applying What We Learned About Philippine Labor Laws

Let’s Apply!
Read the case studies in pages 24 to 25 and answer the questions. Use the information in the early
discussion to help you deepen your understanding of the Philippine law. If possible, work on these case
scenarios with a fellow learner in the Life Skills course or someone in your household
(see page 24 for further instructions)

CASE STUDIES

Scenario 1: Gender Based Violence / Sexual Harassment

What is the issue?

 Gender-based violence is also a rising issue in online spaces, with girls and young women
reporting harassment and abuse. For many girls, there is pressure to leave online platforms, or
self-censor to avoid abuse.

What does the Philippine law says about this type of harassment?

 Commission of sexual harassment is a criminal offense. A person found guilty of sexual harassment
shall be penalized by imprisonment of not less than one (1) month nor more than six (6) months,
or a fine of not less than Ten thousand pesos (P10,000) nor more than Twenty thousand pesos
(P20,000), or both.

Are you aware of any groups or organizations that provide services to women who have been harassed?
 Yes. I know the Gabriella an organization that helps and prioritized the welfare of our women.
They fight for justice of those abused women.

Scenario 2: Health and Safety at Work

What is the issue?
 The issue is the supervisor based the qualifications on Manny's personality not on Manny's skills to
the job. Philippine law have a weak policies on health and safety at work. This can be avoided if
there is a stronger Philippine law regarding health and safety at work. Supervisors should hire
based on skills not based on personality and family backgrounds.

What does the Philippine law says about health and safety at work?

 right to safety and health at work shall be guaranteed. All workers shall be appropriately informed
by the employer about all types of hazards in the workplace, provided access to training and
education on chemical safety, electrical safety mechanical safety, and ergonomical safety.

How can such a situation be prevented in the future?

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 Taking certain precautions can always stop a bad situation from happening in the future. Although
sometimes we can prepare for bad situations, being cautious doesn't always work. Remember to
forgive yourself if it happens again and that mistakes happen.

Scenario 3: Time Off from Work

What is the issue?
 Her employer or her boss threatened to fire her or did fire her from work for prioritizing her family
during a family emergency or something of a huge family concern that would most likely prevent
her from working efficiently at work anyway.

What does the Philippine law says about number of work hours and time off?

 Art.83.Normal hours of work .The normal hours of work of any employee shall not exceed eight(8)
hours a day.Rest periods of short duration during working hours shall be counted as hours worked.

Explanation:
 Art.87.Overtime work. Work may be performed beyond 8 hours a day provided that the employee
is paid for the overtime work ,an additional equivalent to his regukar wage plus at least twenty-five
persent 25% thereof. Work performed beyond eight hours on a holiday or rest day shall be paid an
additional compensation equivalent to the rate of the first eight hours on a holiday or rest day plus
at least thirty percebt 30% thereof.

How should Betsay handle this situation?

 Betsay should take care of her child first,because she can find another job again

The following table includes questions you might want to ask an employer and a worker. You should also
add other questions from your brainstorming above. Write the interviewee’s responses in the right hand
column. (page 27-28)

Questions for an Employer Response

How many hours per day do you work? 8 hours per day
How do you get compensated if you work more Your Wage per day plus the Overtime you
than 8 hours per day? compensated.
Example:
You already work for 8hrs yet your manager
wants you to stay for more than 3hrs, that is
called overtime (OT).

What breaks do you get during the workday? take the form of rest breaks, coffee- or tea breaks
and meal breaks
Do you get paid leave time during the year? Yes
What safety precautions are you required to take Ensure a clear and easy route to emergency exits
in the workplace? and equipment.

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What type of training or orientation did you Sanitation

receive on health and safety in the workplace? It is very important in the workplace not just to
be safe and to protect our health but also we can
protect the health of others.
Have you experienced or witnessed cases of Yes, the girl who is victim of sexual harassment
sexual harassment in the workplace? If so, what should have a depression
happened?
How are cases of sexual harassment handled in Sexual harassment handled in your workplace
your workplace?
 When an employee complains that he or
she is experiencing sexual harassment of
any type, the employer has a legal, ethical,
moral, and employee relations obligation to
investigate the charges thoroughly without
delay. The employer can't take the time to
decide whether they believe the employee
or not, but must take him or her at their
word.

Think about the responses from both the employer and employee. How much did they seem to
know about the labor laws in the Philippines? What differences and similarities did you notice in
their responses to questions regarding hours of work, health and safety in the workplace and
sexual harassment? (page 28)

 Sometimes you sense that something isn’t right at work. You suspect that your finance colleague
might be fudging numbers, your boss isn’t telling his manager the truth about an important
project, or your co-worker is skipping out of the office early but leaving her computer on so it looks
like she’s just down the hall.

Activity 6: Review, Wrapping Up, and Application

Think about it!
(see page 29 for the instructions)

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If you have a job, what are your rights and responsibilities in your current job? If you are looking
for a job, which right needs to be prioritized and fulfilled by your potential job? (page 30)

 provide and maintain workplaces, plant and systems of work so that you and other workers are
not exposed to hazards;
 provide information about the hazards and risks from your job;
 provide you with instruction, training (including an induction) and supervision so you are able to
work safely;

Session 2 – Writing Space

Use this space to complete any of the written assignments above or write any thoughts or ideas that
have come to mind on The Labor Code of the Philippines. (page 30)

 The Labor Code of the Philippines is the legal code governing employment practices and labor
relations in the Philippines. It was enacted on Labor day, May 1, 1974 by Late President of the
Philippines Ferdinand Marcos in the exercise of his then extant legislative powers.

 The Labor Code sets the rules for hiring and firing of private employees; the conditions of work
including maximum work hours and overtime; employee benefits such as holiday pay, thirteenth-
month pay and retirement pay; and the guidelines in the organization and membership in labor
unions as well as in collective bargaining.

 The Labor Code contains several provisions which are beneficial to labor. It prohibits termination
of employment of Private employees except for just or authorized causes as prescribed in Article
282 to 284 of the Code. The right to self-organization of a union is expressly recognized, as is the
right of a union to insist on a closed shop.

Learners’ Reflection: Module 6 Rights and Responsibilities of

Workers and Employers
(see page 31 for the instructions)
My experience Knowledge, skills and 1 2 3 4
abilities I don’t have I have little I have some I have a lot
any experience experience of
Kaalaman, kasanayan at kakayahan experience doing this doing this experience
doing this. Mayroon Mayroon doing this.
Wala akong akong akong Marami
karanasan konting karanasan sa akong
sa paggawa karanasan paggawa karanasan
nito sa paggawa nito sa paggawa
nito nito
Identify universal human rights /
Pagtukoy sa pang-unibersal na X
karapatang pantao
Know the rights and responsibilities of
workers and employers according to X

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the Philippine Labor Code / May

kaalaman tungkol sa karapatan at
tungkulin o responsibilidad ng mga
manggagawa at empleyado ayon sa
Philippine Labor Code
Know and use the health & safety
regulations in the Philippine Labor X
Code / Pagsasagawa ng mga tuntunin
para sa kalusugan at kaligtasan ayon
sa Philippine Labor Code
Use several appropriate strategies to
stand up for my rights or take action to X
address a problem at work / Paggamit
ng mga angkop na estratehiya o
pamamaraan para panindigan ang
aking karapatan, o para maaksiyunan
ang problema sa trabaho

End-of-Module Assessment
(see page 33 to 35 for the questions and instructions)

1. d 2. False 3. d 4. e 5. d 6. True 7. False 8. d 9. False 10. False

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