001

1010100
1001100 10001111100
1011100101011100
101100011101001
1011110100011010
00001010010110010
1001010101100111
1111010101000101
1101001101010011
001010010101010
1010101000110010
010101001011000
110101100011010
11010100001011
001010100110
1001010010

IP Addressing
and
Subnetting
Workbook
Version 2.0

11111110
10010101
00011011
10000110
11010011
Student Name:
 IP Address Classes
Class A 1 – 127 (Network 127 is reserved for loopback and internal testing)
Leading bit pattern 0 00000000.00000000.00000000.00000000
Network . Host . Host . Host

Class B 128 – 191 Leading bit pattern 10 10000000.00000000.00000000.00000000

Network . Network . Host . Host

Class C 192 – 223 Leading bit pattern 110 11000000.00000000.00000000.00000000

Network . Network . Network . Host

Class D 224 – 239 (Reserved for multicast)

Class E 240 – 255 (Reserved for experimental, used for research)

Private Address Space

Class A 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255

Class B 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255

Class C 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

Default Subnet Masks

Class A 255.0.0.0

Class B 255.255.0.0

Class C 255.255.255.0

Produced by: Robb Jones

[email protected] and/or [email protected]
Frederick County Career & Technology Center
Cisco Networking Academy
Frederick County Public Schools
Frederick, Maryland, USA

Special Thanks to Melvin Baker and Jim Dorsch for

taking the time to check this workbook for errors,
and to everyone who has sent in suggestions to improve the series.

Workbooks included in the series:

IP Addressing and Subnetting Workbooks

ACLs - Access Lists Workbooks
VLSM Variable-Length Subnet Mask Workbooks

Inside Cover
 Binary To Decimal Conversion
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 Answers Scratch Area
1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 146 128 64
16 32
1 119 2 16
0 1 1 1 0 1 1
146 4
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2
1
1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 119

1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0

0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1

0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0

0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1

0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1

00011011

10101010

01101111
11111000

00100000
01010101

00111110

00000011

11101101

11000000
1
 Decimal To Binary Conversion
Use all 8 bits for each problem
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 = 255 Scratch Area
238
1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 238 34
-128 -32
0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 34 110 2
-64 -2
123 46 0
-32
50 14
-8
255 6
-4
200 2
-2
10 0

138

13

250

107

224

114

192

172

100

119

57

98

179

2
2
 Address Class Identification
Address Class

10.250.1.1 __A___

150.10.15.0 __B___

192.14.2.0 _____

148.17.9.1 _____

193.42.1.1 _____

126.8.156.0 _____

220.200.23.1 _____

230.230.45.58 _____

177.100.18.4 _____

119.18.45.0 _____

249.240.80.78 _____

199.155.77.56 _____

117.89.56.45 _____

215.45.45.0 _____

199.200.15.0 _____

95.0.21.90 _____

33.0.0.0 _____

158.98.80.0 _____

219.21.56.0 _____
3
 Network & Host Identification
Circle the network portion Circle the host portion of
of these addresses: these addresses:
177.100.18.4 10.15.123.50

119.18.45.0 171.2.199.31

209.240.80.78 198.125.87.177

199.155.77.56 223.250.200.222

117.89.56.45 17.45.222.45

215.45.45.0 126.201.54.231

192.200.15.0 191.41.35.112

95.0.21.90 155.25.169.227

33.0.0.0 192.15.155.2

158.98.80.0 123.102.45.254

217.21.56.0 148.17.9.155

10.250.1.1 100.25.1.1

150.10.15.0 195.0.21.98

192.14.2.0 25.250.135.46

148.17.9.1 171.102.77.77

193.42.1.1 55.250.5.5

126.8.156.0 218.155.230.14

220.200.23.1 10.250.1.1

4
 Network Addresses
Using the IP address and subnet mask shown write out the network address:

188.10.18.2 ______1_8_8__.__1_0__._0__.__0_______
__
255.255.0.0

10.10.48.80 ______1_0__.__1_0__. _4__8__.

_0_________
255.255.255.0

192.149.24.191 _____________________________
255.255.255.0

150.203.23.19 _____________________________
255.255.0.0

10.10.10.10 _____________________________
255.0.0.0

186.13.23.110 _____________________________
255.255.255.0

223.69.230.250 _____________________________
255.255.0.0

200.120.135.15 _____________________________
255.255.255.0

27.125.200.151 _____________________________
255.0.0.0

199.20.150.35 _____________________________
255.255.255.0

191.55.165.135 _____________________________
255.255.255.0

28.212.250.254 _____________________________
255.255.0.0
5
 Host Addresses
Using the IP address and subnet mask shown write out the host address:

188.10.18.2 ______0__._0___.
_1_8__._2____________
255.255.0.0

10.10.48.80 ______0__._0___.
_0__._8__0___________
255.255.255.0

222.49.49.11 _____________________________
255.255.255.0

128.23.230.19 _____________________________
255.255.0.0

10.10.10.10 _____________________________
255.0.0.0

200.113.123.11 _____________________________
255.255.255.0

223.169.23.20 _____________________________
255.255.0.0

203.20.35.215 _____________________________
255.255.255.0

117.15.2.51 _____________________________
255.0.0.0

199.120.15.135 _____________________________
255.255.255.0

191.55.165.135 _____________________________
255.255.255.0

48.21.25.54 _____________________________
255.255.0.0
6
 Default Subnet Masks
Write the correct default subnet mask for each of the following addresses:

177.100.18.4 ______2_5__5__.__2_5__5__._0___.
_0______

119.18.45.0 _______2__5_5___. _0__.__0__.

_0________
191.249.234.191 _____________________________

223.23.223.109 _____________________________

10.10.250.1 _____________________________

126.123.23.1 _____________________________

223.69.230.250 _____________________________

192.12.35.105 _____________________________

77.251.200.51 _____________________________

189.210.50.1 _____________________________

88.45.65.35 _____________________________

128.212.250.254 _____________________________

193.100.77.83 _____________________________

125.125.250.1 _____________________________

1.1.10.50 _____________________________

220.90.130.45 _____________________________

134.125.34.9 _____________________________

95.250.91.99 _____________________________
7
 ANDING With
Default subnet masks

Every IP address must be accompanied by a subnet mask. By now you should be able to look at an IP
address and tell what class it is. Unfortunately your computer doesn’t think that way.
For your computer to determine the network and subnet portion of an IP address it must
“AND” the IP address with the subnet mask.

Default Subnet Masks:

Class A 255.0.0.0
Class B 255.255.0.0
Class C 255.255.255.0

ANDING Equations:
1 AND 1 = 1
1 AND 0 = 0
0 AND 1 = 0
0 AND 0 = 0

Sample:

What you see...

IP Address: 192 . 100 . 10 . 33

What you can figure out in your head...

Address Class: C
Network Portion: 192 . 100 . 10 . 33
Host Portion: 192 . 100 . 10 . 33

In order for you computer to get the same information it must AND the IP address with the
subnet mask in binary.

IP Address:
Network
Default Subnet Mask:
11000000.01100100.00001010.00100001 (192 . 100 . 10 . 33)
AND: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 0 1 1Host
11111.11111111.00000000
(255 . 255 . 255 . 0)
11000000.01100100.00001010.00000000
(192 . 100 . 10 . 0)

ANDING with the default subnet mask allows your computer to figure out the network portion
of the address.

8
 ANDING With
Custom subnet masks

When you take a single network such as 192.100.10.0 and divide it into five smaller networks
(192.100.10.16, 192.100.10.32, 192.100.10.48, 192.100.10.64, 192.100.10.80) the outside
world still sees the network as 192.100.10.0, but the internal computers and routers see five smaller
subnetworks. Each independent of the other. This can only be accomplished by using a custom
subnet mask. A custom subnet mask borrows bits from the host portion of the address to create a
subnetwork address between the network and host portions of an IP address. In this example each
range has 14 usable addresses in it. The computer must still AND the IP address against the custom
subnet mask to see what the network portion is and which subnetwork it belongs to.

IP Address: 192 . 100 . 10 . 0

Custom Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.240

Address Ranges: 192.10.10.0 to 192.100.10.15

192.100.10.16 to 192.100.10.31
192.100.10.32 to 192.100.10.47 (Range in the sample below)
192.100.10.48 to 192.100.10.63
192.100.10.64 to 192.100.10.79
192.100.10.80 to 192.100.10.95
192.100.10.96 to 192.100.10.111
192.100.10.112 to 192.100.10.127
192.100.10.128 to 192.100.10.143
192.100.10.144 to 192.100.10.159
192.100.10.160 to 192.100.10.175
192.100.10.176 to 192.100.10.191
192.100.10.192 to 192.100.10.207
192.100.10.208 to 192.100.10.223
192.100.10.224 to 192.100.10.239
192.100.10.240 to 192.100.10.255

Sub
Network Network Host
IP Address: 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 (192 . 100 . 10 . 33)
Custom Subnet Mask: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 (255 . 255 . 255 . 240)
AND: 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 (192 . 100 . 10 . 32)

Four bits borrowed from the host

portion of the address for the
custom subnet mask.
The ANDING process of the four borrowed bits
shows which range of IP addresses this particular
address will fall into.

In the next set of problems you will determine the necessary information to determine the correct
subnet mask for a variety of IP addresses.
9
 How to determine the number of subnets and the
number of hosts per subnet
Two formulas can provide this basic information:

Number of subnets = 2 s (Second subnet formula: Number of subnets = 2s - 2)

h
Number of hosts per subnet = 2 -2

Both formulas calculate the number of hosts or subnets based on the number of binary bits used. For
example if you borrow three bits from the host portion of the address use the number of subnets
formula to determine the total number of subnets gained by borrowing the three bits. This would be
3
2 or 2 x 2 x 2 = 8 subnets

To determine the number of hosts per subnet you would take the number of binary bits used in the
host portion and apply this to the number of hosts per subnet formula If five bits are in the host
portion of the address this would be 25 or 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 32 hosts.

When dealing with the number of hosts per subnet you have to subtract two addresses from the
range. The first address in every range is the subnet number. The last address in every range is the
broadcast address. These two addresses cannot be assigned to any device in the network which is
why you have to subtract two addresses to find the number of usable addresses in each range.

For example if two bits are borrowed for the network portion of the address you can easily determine
the number of subnets and hosts per subnets using the two formulas.
195. 223 . 50 . 00000000

The number of subnets created by borrowing

The number
2 bits is
of 2hosts
2 or 2created
x 2 = 4by
subnets.
leaving 6 bits is 26 - 2 or
2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 64 - 2 = 62
usable hosts per subnet.

What about that second subnet formula:

s
Number of subnets = 2 - 2

In some instances the first and last subnet range of addresses are reserved. This is similar to the first
and last host addresses in each range of addreses.

The first range of addresses is the zero subnet. The subnet number for the zero subnet is also
the subnet number for the classful subnet address.

The last range of addresses is the broadcast subnet. The broadcast address for the last subnet in
the broadcast subnet is the same as the classful broadcast address.
10
 Class C Address unsubnetted:

195. 223 . 50 . 0
195.223.50.0to195.223.50.255
Class C Address subnetted (2 bits borrowed):
Notice that the subnet and broadcast addre
195. 223 . 50 . 00000000

(Invalid range) (0) 195.223.50.0 to195.223.50.63

(1)195.223.50.64to195.223.50.127
(2) 195.223.50.128 to195.223.50.191
(Invalid range) (3) 195.223.50.192 to195.223.50.255

The primary reason the the zero and broadcast subnets were not used had to do pirmarily with the
broadcast addresses. If you send a broadcast to 195.223.255 are you sending it to all 255 addresses in
the classful C address or just the 62 usable addresses in the broadcast range?

The CCNA and CCENT certification exams may have questions which will require you to determine
which formula to use, and whehter or not you can use the first and last subnets. Use the chart below
to help decide.

When to use which formula to determine the number of subnets

s s
Use the 2 - 2 formula and don’t use the Use the 2 formula and use the zero and
zero and broadcast ranges if... broadcast ranges if...

Classful routing is used Classless routing or VLSM is used

RIP version 1 is used RIP version 2, EIGRP, or OSPF is used

The no ip subnet zero command is The ip subnet zero command is configured

configured on your router on your router (default setting)

No other clues are given

Bottom line for the CCNA exams; if a question does not give you any clues as to whether or not to
allow these two subnets, assume you can use them.
s
This workbook has you use the number of subnets = 2 formula.

11
 Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 1
Number of needed subnets 14
Number of needed usable hosts 14
Network Address 192.10.10.0

Address class ____C______

Default subnet mask ____2__5__5__._2__5__5__. _2__5_5___.

_0______

Custom subnet mask ____2__5__5__._2__5__5__._2__5_5___.

_2__4_0___

Total number of subnets _________1_6_________

Total number of host addresses _________1_6_________

Number of usable addresses _________1_4_________

Number of bits borrowed _________4__________

Show your work for Problem 1 in the space below.

Number of
256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts
Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

192 . 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

128 Observe the total number of

16
Add the binary value
64 hosts.
numbers to the left of the line to
-2
create the custom subnet mask. 32 Subtract 2 for the number of
14 usable hosts.
+16
240
12
 Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 2
Number of needed subnets 1000
Number of needed usable hosts 60
Network Address 165.100.0.0

Address class ____B______

Default subnet mask

____2__5__5__._2__5__5__._0__.__0_________

Custom subnet mask

____2__5__5__._2__5__5__._2__5_5___. _1_9__2___

Total number of subnets _______1_,0__2_4________

Total number of host addresses _________6_4_________

Number of usable addresses _________6_2_________

Number of bits borrowed _________1_0_________

Show your work for Problem 2 in the space below.

Number of
Hosts - . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

Number of
- 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256.
Subnets
Binary values - 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

165 . 100 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
128 128
64 +64
32 192 64 Observe the total number of
16 hosts.
Add the binary value
numbers to the left of the line to 8 -2 Subtract 2 for the number of
create the custom subnet mask.
4 62 usable hosts.

2
+
1
255
13
 Custom Subnet Masks
/26 indicates the total number of bits used for the network and sub
Problem
3 Network Address 148.75.0.0 /26

Address class _____B_____

Default subnet mask _____2_5__5__.__2_5__5__._0___.

_0_________

Custom subnet mask

_____2_5__5__.__2_5__5__.__2_5__5__._1__9_2___

Total number of subnets _______1_,0__2_4________

Total number of host addresses _________6_4_________

Number of usable addresses _________6_2_________

Number of bits borrowed _________1_0_________

Show your work for Problem 3 in the space below.

Number of
Hosts - . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

128 128
64 +64
32 192 64 Observe the total number of
16 hosts.
Add the binary value
numbers to the left of the line to 8 -2 Subtract 2 for the number of
create the custom subnet mask. 4 62 usable hosts.

2 14
+1 1024
255 -2 1,022
Subtra
ct 2 for
the
total
numbe
r of
subnets
to get
the
usable
numbe
r of
subnets
.
 Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 4
Number of needed subnets 6
Number of needed usable hosts 30
Network Address 195.85.8.0

Address class _______

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 5 in the space below.

Number
of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts
Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

195 . 85 . 8 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

15
 Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 5
Number of needed subnets 6
Number of needed usable hosts 30
Network Address 210.100.56.0

Address class _______

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 4 in the space below.

Number
of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts
Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values
210 . 100 . 56 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

16
 Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 6
Number of needed subnets 126
Number of needed usable hosts 131,070
Network Address 118.0.0.0

Address class _______

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 6 in the space below.

Number of
. 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2
Hosts
-

Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 . .
Binary values -128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

118. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

17
 Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 7
Number of needed subnets 2000
Number of needed usable hosts 15
Network Address 178.100.0.0

Address class __________

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 7 in the space below.

Number of
Hosts - . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256.
Binary values -
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

178 . 100 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

18
 Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 8
Number of needed subnets 3
Number of needed usable hosts 45
Network Address 200.175.14.0

Address class _______

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 8 in the space below.

19
 Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 9
Number of needed subnets 60
Number of needed usable hosts 1,000
Network Address 128.77.0.0

Address class _______

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 9 in the space below.

20
 Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 10
Number of needed usable hosts 60
Network Address 198.100.10.0

Address class _______

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 10 in the space below.

21
 Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 11
Number of needed subnets 250
Network Address 101.0.0.0

Address class _______

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 11 in the space below.

22
 Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 12
Number of needed subnets 5
Network Address 218.35.50.0

Address class _______

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 12 in the space below.

23
 Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 13
Number of needed usable hosts 25
Network Address 218.35.50.0

Address class _______

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 13 in the space below.

24
 Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 14
Number of needed subnets 10
Network Address 172.59.0.0

Address class _______

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 14 in the space below.

25
 Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 15
Number of needed usable hosts 50
Network Address 172.59.0.0

Address class _______

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 15 in the space below.

26
 Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 16
Number of needed usable hosts 29
Network Address 23.0.0.0

Address class _______

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 16 in the space below.

27
 Subnetting

Problem 1
Number of needed subnets 14
Number of needed usable hosts 14
Network Address 192.10.10.0

Address class ____C______

Default subnet mask ____2__5__5__._2__5__5__._2__5_5___.

_0______

Custom subnet mask ____2__5__5__._2__5__5__._2__5_5___.

_2__4_0___

Total number of subnets _________1_6_________

Total number of host addresses _________1_6_________

Number of usable addresses _________1_4_________

Number of bits borrowed _________4__________

What is the 4th

subnet range? 192.10.10.48 to 192.10.10.63

What is the subnet number

for the 8th subnet? ___1_9_2___. _1_0__.__1_0__._1_1__2___
What is the subnet
broadcast address for
the 13th subnet? ___1_9_2___. _1_0__.__1_0__._2__0_7___

What are the assignable

addresses for the 9th
subnet?
_1_9__2_._1_0_._1_0__.1_2__9___t_o___1_9_2__.1_0__.1_
0__.1__4_2___
28
 Show your work for Problem 1 in the space below.

Number
of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts
Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

192. 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

(1) 0
0 0 0 192.10.10.0 to 192.10.10.15
(2) 0
0 0 1 192.10.10.16 to 192.10.10.31
(3) 0
0 1 0 192.10.10.32 to 192.10.10.47
(4) 0
0 1 1 192.10.10.48 to 192.10.10.63
(5) 0
1 0 0 192.10.10.64 to 192.10.10.79
(6) 0
1 0 1 192.10.10.80 to 192.10.10.95
(7) 0
1 1 0 192.10.10.96 to 192.10.10.111
(8) 0
1 1 1 192.10.10.112 to 192.10.10.127
(9) 1
0 0 0 192.10.10.128 to 192.10.10.143
(10) 1
0 0 1 192.10.10.144 to 192.10.10.159
(11) 1
0 1 0 192.10.10.160 to 192.10.10.175
(12) 1
0 1 1 192.10.10.176 to 192.10.10.191
(13) 1
1 0 0 192.10.10.192 to 192.10.10.207
(14) 1
1 0 1 192.10.10.208 to 192.10.10.223
(15) 1
1 1 0 192.10.10.224 to 192.10.10.239
(16) 1
1 1 1 192.10.10.240 to 192.10.10.255

128
64
32 16 16
+16 Usable subnets
-2 Usable hosts
-2
Custom subnet
mask 240 14 14

The binary value of the last bit borrowed is the range. In this problem the
range is 16.

The first address in each subnet range is the subnet number.

The last address in each subnet range is the subnet broadcast address.
29
 Subnetting

Problem 2
Number of needed subnets 1000
Number of needed usable hosts 60
Network Address 165.100.0.0

Address class ____B______

Default subnet mask

____2__5__5__._2__5__5__. _0__.__0_________

Custom subnet mask

____2__5__5__._2__5__5__._2__5_5___. _1_9__2___

Total number of subnets _______1_,0__2_4________

Total number of host addresses _________6_4_________

Number of usable addresses _________6_2_________

Number of bits borrowed _________1_0_________

What is the 15th

subnet range? 165.100.3.128 to 165.100.3.191

What is the subnet number

for the 6th subnet? ___1_6_5___. _1_0__0__. _1__._6__4____

What is the subnet

broadcast address for
the 6th subnet? ___1_6_5___. _1_0__0__._1__._1__2_7___

What are the assignable

addresses for the 9th
subnet?
_1_6__5_._1_0__0_._2_._1__t_o___1_6__5_._1_0_0__.0__.
6__2______
30
 Number of
Hosts - . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256.
Binary values - 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

165 . 100 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
(1) . 0 165.100.0.0 to 165.100.0.63
(2 1 165.100.0.64 to 165.100.0.127
64 128 1 0 165.100.0.128 to 165.100.0.191
)
Usable -2 64 1 1 165.100.0.192 to 165.100.0.255
(3
hosts 62 32
16 ) 1 ..
1 0
0 0
1 165.100.1.0
165.100.1.64 to
to 165.100.1.63
165.100.1.127
(4
)
(5
)
(6
)
8
1 . 1 0 165.100.1.128 to 165.100.1.191
Custom 12 4 (7)
1 . 1 1 165.100.1.192 to 165.100.1.255
subnet mask 8
1 0 . 0 0 165.100.2.0 to 165.100.2.63
+6
4 2
(8)
19
2
(9)
+1
The binary value of the last bit borrowed is the (10) 1 0 . 0 1 165.100.2.64 to 165.100.2.127
range. In this problem the range is 64. 255 (11) 1 0 . 1 0 165.100.2.128 to 165.100.2.191
The first address in each subnet range is the
1 0 . 1 1 165.100.2.192 to 165.100.2.255
subnet number. (12)
(13) 165.100.3.0 to 165.100.3.63
The last address in each subnet range is the subnet
(14) 1 1 . 0 0
broadcast address. 1 1 . 0 1 165.100.3.64 to 165.100.3.127
(15) 1 1 . 1 0 165.100.3.128 to 165.100.3.191
(16) 1 1 . 1 1 165.100.3.192 to 165.100.3.255
 D own to

(1023) 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 . 1 0 165.100.255.128 to 165.100.255.191
1 1 1
(1024) 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 . 165.100.255.192 to 165.100.255.255

Show your work for Problem 2 in the space below.

1
31
 Subnetting

Problem 3 Hint: It is possible to borrow one bit to create two subn

Number of needed subnets 2

Network Address 195.223.50.0

Address class __________

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

What is the 2nd

subnet range?

What is the subnet number

for the 2nd subnet? ________________________

What is the subnet

broadcast address for
the 1st subnet? ________________________

What are the assignable

addresses for the 1st
subnet? ______________________________________

32
 Show your work for Problem 3 in the space below.
Number of
Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts
Subnets -
2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

33
 Subnetting

Problem 4
Number of needed subnets 750
Network Address 190.35.0.0

Address class __________

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

What is the 15th

subnet range?

What is the subnet number

for the 13th subnet? ________________________

What is the subnet

broadcast address for
the 10th subnet? ________________________

What are the assignable

addresses for the 6th
subnet? ______________________________________

34
Show your work for Problem 4 in the space below.

35
 Subnetting

Problem 5
Number of needed usable hosts 6
Network Address 126.0.0.0

Address class __________

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

What is the 2nd

subnet range?

What is the subnet number

for the 5th subnet? ________________________

What is the subnet

broadcast address for
the 7th subnet? ________________________

What are the assignable

addresses for the 10th
subnet? ______________________________________

36
Show your work for Problem 5 in the space below.

37
 Subnetting
Problem 6
Number of needed subnets 10
Network Address 192.70.10.0

Address class __________

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

What is the 9th

subnet range?

What is the subnet number

for the 4th subnet? ________________________

What is the subnet

broadcast address for
the 12th subnet? ________________________

What are the assignable

addresses for the 10th
subnet? ______________________________________

38
Show your work for Problem 6 in the space below.

39
 Subnetting

Problem
7 Network Address 10.0.0.0 /16

Address class __________

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

What is the 11th

subnet range?

What is the subnet number

for the 6th subnet? ________________________

What is the subnet

broadcast address for
the 2nd subnet? ________________________

What are the assignable

addresses for the 9th
subnet? ______________________________________

40
Show your work for Problem 7 in the space below.

41
 Subnetting

Problem 8
Number of needed subnets 5
Network Address 172.50.0.0

Address class __________

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

What is the 4th

subnet range?

What is the subnet number

for the 5th subnet? ________________________

What is the subnet

broadcast address for
the 6th subnet? ________________________

What are the assignable

addresses for the 3rd
subnet? ______________________________________

42
Show your work for Problem 8 in the space below.

43
 Subnetting

Problem 9
Number of needed usable hosts 28
Network Address 172.50.0.0

Address class __________

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

What is the 2nd

subnet range?

What is the subnet number

for the 10th subnet? ________________________

What is the subnet broadcast

address for
the 4th subnet? ________________________

What are the assignable

addresses for the 6th
subnet? ______________________________________

44
Show your work for Problem 9 in the space below.

45
 Subnetting

Problem 10
Number of needed subnets 45
Network Address 220.100.100.0

Address class __________

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

What is the 5th

subnet range?

What is the subnet number

for the 4th subnet? ________________________

What is the subnet

broadcast address for
the 13th subnet? ________________________

What are the assignable

addresses for the 12th
subnet? ______________________________________

46
Show your work for Problem 10 in the space below.

47
 Subnetting

Problem 11
Number of needed usable hosts 8,000
Network Address 135.70.0.0

Address class __________

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

What is the 6th

subnet range?

What is the subnet number

for the 7th subnet? ________________________

What is the subnet

broadcast address for
the 3rd subnet? ________________________

What are the assignable

addresses for the 5th
subnet? ______________________________________

48
Show your work for Problem 11 in the space below.

49
 Subnetting

Problem 12
Number of needed usable hosts 45
Network Address 198.125.50.0

Address class __________

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

What is the 2nd

subnet range?

What is the subnet number

for the 2nd subnet? ________________________

What is the subnet

broadcast address for
the 4th subnet? ________________________

What are the assignable

addresses for the 3rd
subnet? ______________________________________

50
Show your work for Problem 12 in the space below.

51
 Subnetting

Problem
13 Network Address 165.200.0.0 /26

Address class __________

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

What is the 10th

subnet range?

What is the subnet number

for the 11th subnet? ________________________

What is the subnet

broadcast address for
the 1023rd subnet? ________________________

What are the assignable

addresses for the 1022nd
subnet? ______________________________________

52
Show your work for Problem 13 in the space below.

53
 Subnetting

Problem 14
Number of needed usable hosts 16
Network Address 200.10.10.0

Address class __________

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

What is the 7th

subnet range?

What is the subnet number

for the 5th subnet? ________________________

What is the subnet

broadcast address for
the 4th subnet? ________________________

What are the assignable

addresses for the 6th
subnet? ______________________________________

54
Show your work for Problem 14 in the space below.

55
 Subnetting

Problem
15 Network Address 93.0.0.0 \19

Address class __________

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

What is the 15th

subnet range?

What is the subnet number

for the 9th subnet? ________________________

What is the subnet

broadcast address for
the 7th subnet? ________________________

What are the assignable

addresses for the 12th
subnet? ______________________________________

56
Show your work for Problem 15 in the space below.

57
 Practical Subnetting 1
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will
supply the minimum number of subnets, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for 100%
growth in both areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.

IP Address 172.16.0.0
F0/0
Router A S0/0/0 S0/0/1 F0/1
F0/0 Router B

Marketing 24 Hosts Management 15 Hosts

Reasearch 60 Hosts

Address class ______________B_______________

Custom subnet mask _______2__5_5_._2_5__5_._2_2_4__.0
Minimum number of subnets needed ________
Extra subnets required for 100% growth ____4_____
(Round up to the next whole number)
_+___4_____
Total number of subnets needed
Number of host addresses in _=___8_____
the largest subnet group
Number of addresses needed for
____6_0____
+ 60
100% growth in the largest subnet _________
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet _=__1_2_0____
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for Research IP

___1_7_2__.1_6_._0_._0__t_o_1_7_2__.
address range for Marketing 3_1__.2_5__5___
IP address range for Management __1__7_2_.1_6__.3_2__.0__t_o__1_7_2
IP address range for Router A to _._6_3_._2_5__5__
Router B serial connection
__1_7__2_.1_6__.6_4__.0__t_o__1_7_2
58 _._9_5_._2_5__5__
__1_7_2__.1_6_._9_6_._0__t_o_1_7_
2__.1_2__7_.2_5__5__
 Show your work for Practical Subnetting 1 in the space below.
Number of
Hosts -
. 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256.

Binary values - 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

172 . 16 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

(1) 0 172.16.0.0 to 172.16.31.255

(2) 1 172.16.32.0 to 172.16.63.255
(3) 1 0 172.16.64.0 to 172.16.95.255
(4) 1 1 172.16.96.0 to 172.16.127.255
(5) 1 0 0 172.16.128.0 to 172.16.159.255
(6) 1 0 1 172.16.160.0 to 172.16.191.255
(7) 1 1 0 172.16.192.0 to 172.16.223.255
4
(8) 1 1 1 172.16.224.0 to 172.16.255.255
x1.0
4

60
x1.0
60
59
 Practical Subnetting 2
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will supply
the minimum number of hosts per subnet, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for 30%
growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.

Address class
______________B_______________
Custom subnet mask
______2_5__5_._2_5_5__.2__5_5_
Minimum number of subnets needed .2 2 4
_ _ __ ______
Extra subnets required for 30% growth
(Round up to the next whole number) _____5____
Total number of subnets needed _+____2____
Number of host addresses in
the largest subnet group _=____7____

____2_0____
Number of addresses needed for
30% growth in the largest subnet + 6
_________
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet _=___2_6____
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for Tech Ed IP

_1_3__5_._1_2_6_._0_.0___to__1_3
address range for English IP _5__.1_2__6_.0__.3_1__
address range for Science _1_3_5_._1_2_6_._0_._3_2__t_o__1
IP address range for Router A to _3_5_._1_2_6__.0_._6_3_
Router B serial connection
_1_3_5_._1_2_6_._0_._6_4__t_o__1
IP address range for Router A
_3_5_._1_2_6_._0_._9_5_
1_3__5_.1_2__6_.0__.9_6__t_o__1 _3_5__.1_2__6_.0__.1_2_7_
to Router B serial
connection1_3_5_._1_2_6_._0_._1_2_8__t_o__1_3_5_._1_2_6_._
0_.1__5_9
60

IP Address 135.126.0.0
S0/0/0
F0/0
Router AS0/0/1
S0/0/1 F0/0
Router B F0/1

S0/0/0 Tech Ed Lab 20 Hosts

Router C
F0/1
Science Lab 10 Hosts

English Department 15 Hosts

 Number of
Hosts -
. 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

Show your work for Problem 2 in the space below.

Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256.
Binary values -
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

135. 126 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

(1) . 0 135.126.0.0 to 135.126.0.31

(2) 1 135.126.0.32 to 135.126.0.63
(3) 1 0 135.126.0.64 to 135.126.0.95
5 (4) 1 1 135.126.0.96 to 135.126.0.127
x.3 (5) 1 0 135.126.0.128 to 135.126.0.159
1.5 0 135.126.0.160 to 135.126.0.191
(Round up to 2)
(6) 1 0 1 135.126.0.192 to 135.126.0.223
(7) 1 1 0 135.126.0.224 to 135.126.0.255
(8) 1 1 1 135.126.1.0 to 135.126.1.31
(9) 1 . 0 0 0 135.126.1.32 to 135.126.1.63
20
(10) 1 . 0 0 1 135.126.1.64 to 135.126.1.95
x.3 (11) 1 . 0 1 0 135.126.1.96 to 135.126.1.127
6 .
(12) 1 0 1 1 135.126.1.128 to 135.126.1.159
(13) 1 1 0 0 135.126.1.160 to 135.126.1.191
.
(14) 1 . 1 0 1 135.126.1.192 to 135.126.1.223
(15) 1 . 1 1 0 135.1261.224 to 135.126.1.255
(16) 1 . 1 1 1
61
 Practical Subnetting 3
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a classfull network addressing scheme that will
supply the minimum number of hosts per subnet, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for
25% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.

IP Address 172.16.0.0

F0/0
S0/0/1
F0/0 Sales 185
Administrative Router A
Hosts
30 Hosts F0/1 S0/0/0
Router B

Marketing
50 Hosts

Address class _____________________________

Custom subnet mask _____________________________
Minimum number of subnets needed _________
Extra subnets required for 25% growth _+________
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed _=________

Number of host addresses in
the largest subnet group
_________
Number of addresses needed for
25% growth in the largest subnet
(Round up to the next whole number) _+________

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet
_=________
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for Sales IP _____________________________

address range for Marketing _____________________________
IP address range for Administrative _____________________________
IP address range for Router A to
Router B serial connection _____________________________

62
Show your work for Problem 3 in the space below.

63
 Practical Subnetting 4
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will supply
the minimum number of subnets, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for 70% growth in all
areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.

IP Address 135.126.0.0
F0/0 S0/0/0
Router A S0/0/1
S0/0/ F0/0
Router B

1
S0/0/0

Router C F0/0
F0/1
Dallas
150 Hosts New York
Washington D.C. 325 Hosts
220 Hosts
Address class _____________________________
Custom subnet mask _____________________________
Minimum number of subnets needed _________
Extra subnets required for 70% growth _+________
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed _=________

Number of host addresses in
the largest subnet group _________
Number of addresses needed for
70% growth in the largest subnet _+________
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet
_=________
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for New York IP _____________________________

address range for Washington D. C. IP _____________________________
address range for Dallas _____________________________
IP address range for Router A to
Router B serial connection _____________________________
IP address range for Router A to
Router C serial connection _____________________________
64
Show your work for Problem 4 in the space below.

65
 Practical Subnetting 5
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will
supply the minimum number of hosts per subnet, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts
for 100% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.

IP Address 210.15.10.0

F0/1
F0/0

Science Room Tech Ed Lab

10 Hosts 18 Hosts

English classroom
15 Hosts
Art Classroom
12 Hosts

Address class _____________________________

Custom subnet mask _____________________________
Minimum number of subnets needed _________
Extra subnets required for 100% growth _+________
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed _=________

Number of host addresses in
the largest subnet group
_________
Number of addresses needed for
100% growth in the largest subnet +
(Round up to the next whole number) _ ________

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet
_=________
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for Router F0/0 Port IP _____________________________

address range for Router F0/1 Port _____________________________

66
Show your work for Problem 5 in the space below.

67
 Practical Subnetting 6
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will supply
the minimum number of subnets, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for 20% growth in all
areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.

IP Address 10.0.0.0
S0/0/0
Router A S0/0/1 Technology Building 320 H
S0/0/1 S0/0/0 Router B
F0/0 F0/1
S0/0/0 S0/0/1
Art & Drama Administration 35 Hosts
Router C
75 Hosts
F0/0 F0/1

Science Building 225 Hosts

Address class
_____________________________
Custom subnet mask
_____________________________
Minimum number of subnets needed
_________
Extra subnets required for 20% growth
(Round up to the next whole number) _+________
Total number of subnets needed
_=________
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for Technology IP _____________________________

address range for Science _____________________________
IP address range for Arts & Drama IP _____________________________
Address range Administration _____________________________
IP address range for Router A to
Router B serial connection _____________________________
IP address range for Router A to
Router C serial connection _____________________________
IP address range for Router B to
Router C serial connection _____________________________

68
Show your work for Problem 6 in the space below.

69
 Practical Subnetting 7
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will
supply the minimum number of hosts per subnet, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts
for 125% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.
IP Address
177.135.0.0 S0/0/0
Router A
S0/0/0 F0/0
F0/0 Router B

F0/1

Administration
Research Deployment
Marketing 33 Hosts Sales 135 Hosts 63 Hosts
75 Hosts 255 Hosts

Address class
_____________________________
Custom subnet mask
_____________________________
Minimum number of subnets needed
_________
Extra subnets required for 125% growth
(Round up to the next whole number) _+________
Total number of subnets needed
_=________
Number of host addresses in
the largest subnet group
_________
Number of addresses needed for
125% growth in the largest subnet
(Round up to the next whole number) _+________
Total number of address
needed for the largest subnet
_=________
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for Router A Port F0/0 IP _____________________________

address range for Research IP _____________________________
address range for Deployment _____________________________
IP address range for Router A to
Router B serial connection _____________________________

70
Show your work for Problem 7 in the space below.

71
 Practical Subnetting 8
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will
supply the minimum number subnets, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for 85%
growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.

IP Address
F0/0 192.168.1.0 S0/0/0
Router A S0/0/1 F0/1
Router B
F0/0

New York
8 Hosts

Boston
5 Hosts
Research & Development
8 Hosts

Address class _____________________________

Custom subnet mask _____________________________
Minimum number of subnets needed _________
Extra subnets required for 85% growth _+________
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed _=________

Number of host addresses in
the largest subnet group
_________
Number of addresses needed for
85% growth in the largest subnet
(Round up to the next whole number) _+________

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet
_=________
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for Router A F0/0 IP _____________________________

address range for New York _____________________________

IP address range for Router A to

Router B serial connection _____________________________

72
Show your work for Problem 8 in the space below.

73
 Practical Subnetting 9
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will supply
the minimum number of hosts per subnet, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for 15%
growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.
IP Address 148.55.0.0 S0/0/0
S0/0/1
Router A
F0/1
S0/0/1 F0/0
Router B

S0/0/0 Dallas 1500 Hosts

Router C
F0/0 S0/0/1
Router D S0/0/0

Ft. Worth
2300 Hosts Address class _____________________________
Custom subnet mask _____________________________
Minimum number of subnets needed _________
Extra subnets required for 15% growth _+________
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed _=________

Number of host addresses in
the largest subnet group _________
Number of addresses needed for
15% growth in the largest subnet _+________
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet _=________
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for Ft. Worth _____________________________

IP address range for Dallas _____________________________
IP address range for Router A to _____________________________
Router B serial connection
IP address range for Router A to _____________________________
Router C serial connection
IP address range for Router C _____________________________
74 to Router D serial connection
Show your work for Problem 9 in the space below.

75
 Practical Subnetting 10
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will supply
the minimum number of subnets, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for 110% growth in all
areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.

IP Address 172.16.0.0
Marketing 56 Hosts
Sales
115 Hosts

S0/0/0 F0/0
F0/0 Router AS0/0/1

Router B

F0/1
Management 25 Hosts Research 35 Hosts

Address class _____________________________

Custom subnet mask _____________________________
Minimum number of subnets needed _________
Extra subnets required for 110% growth _+________
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed _=________

Number of host addresses in
the largest subnet group
_________
Number of addresses needed for
110% growth in the largest subnet
(Round up to the next whole number) _+________

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet
_=________
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for Sales/Managemnt IP _____________________________

address range for Marketing IP _____________________________
address range for Research _____________________________
IP address range for Router A to
Router B serial connection _____________________________
76
Show your work for Problem 10 in the space below.

77
 Valid and Non-Valid IP Addresses

Using the material in this workbook identify which of the addresses below are correct and
usable. If they are not usable addresses explain why.

IP Address: 0.230.190.192
_T__h_e_n_e_t_w__o_r_k__I_D___c_a_n_
n_o_t__b_e__0__. __
Subnet Mask: 255.0.0.0 ________________________________
Reference Page Inside Front Cover

IP Address: 192.10.10.1
_O__K_____________________________
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 ________________________________
Reference Pages 28-29

IP Address: 245.150.190.10 ________________________________

Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 ________________________________
Reference Page Inside Front Cover

IP Address: 135.70.191.255 ________________________________

Subnet Mask: 255.255.254.0 ________________________________
Reference Pages 48-49

IP Address: 127.100.100.10 ________________________________

Subnet Mask: 255.0.0.0 ________________________________
Reference Pages Inside Front Cover

IP Address: 93.0.128.1 ________________________________

Subnet Mask: 255.255.224.0 ________________________________
Reference Pages 56-57

IP Address: 200.10.10.128 ________________________________

Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.224 ________________________________
Reference Pages 54-55

IP Address: 165.100.255.189 ________________________________

Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.192 ________________________________
Reference Pages 30-31

IP Address: 190.35.0.10 ________________________________

Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.192 ________________________________
Reference Pages 34-35

IP Address: 218.35.50.195 ________________________________

Subnet Mask: 255.255.0.0 ________________________________
Reference Page Inside Front Cover

IP Address: 200.10.10.175 /22 ________________________________

Reference Pages 54-55 and/or Inside Front Cover
________________________________

IP Address: 135.70.255.255 ________________________________

Subnet Mask: 255.255.224.0 ________________________________
Reference Pages 48-49
78
 IP Address
Breakdown
p /25 /26 /27 /28 /29 /30
8+8+8 8+8+8+1 8+8+8+2 8+8+8+3 8+8+8+4 8+8+8+5 8+8+8+6
255.255.255.0 255.255.255.128 255.255.255.192 255.255.255.224 255.255.255.240 255.255.255.248 255.255.255.252
256 Hosts 128 Hosts 64 Hosts 32 Hosts 16 Hosts 8 Hosts 4 Hosts
0-3
0-7 4-7
0-15 8-11
8-15 12-15
16-19
16-23 20-23
16-31 24-27
24-31 28-31
32-35
32-39 36-39
32-47 40-43
0-63 40-47 44-47
48-51
48-55 52-55
48-63 56-59
56-63 60-63
64-67
64-71 68-71
64-79 72-75
72-79 76-79
80-83
0-127 80-87 84-87
80-95 88-91
88-95 92-95
96-99
96-103 100-103
96-111 104-107
64-127 104-111 108-111
112-115
112-119 116-119
112-127 120-123
120-127 124-127
128-131
128-135 132-135
128-143 136-139
136-143 140-143
144-147
144-151 148-151
144-159 152-155
152-159 156-159
160-163
16-167 164-167
160-175 168-171
0-255 128-191 168-175 172-175
176-179
176-183 180-183
176-191 184-187
184-191 188-191
192-195
192-199 196-199
192-207 200-203
200-207 204-207
208-211
128-255 208-215 212-215
208-223 216-219
216-223 220-223
224-227
224-231 228-231
224-239 232-235
192-255 232-239 236-239
240-243
240-247 244-247
240-255 248-251
248-255 252-255

79
 Visualizing Subnets Using
The Box Method

The box method is the simplest way to visualize the breakdown of subnets and
addresses into smaller sizes.

Start with a square. The whole square is a

single subnet comprised of 256
addresses.

/24
255.255.255.0
256 Hosts
1 Subnet

Split the box in half and you get two

subnets with 128 addresses,

/25
255.255.255.128
128 Hosts
2 Subnets

Divide the box into quarters and you get

four subnets with 64 addresses,

/26
255.255.255.192
64 Hosts
4 Subnets
80
Split each individual square and you get
eight subnets with 32 addresses,

/27
255.255.255.224
32 Hosts
8 Subnets
Split the boxes in half again and you
get sixteen subnets with sixteen
addresses,

/28
255.255.255.240
16 Hosts
16 Subnets
The next split gives you thirty two
subnets with eight addresses,

/29
255.255.255.248
8 Hosts
32 Subnets
The last split gives sixty four subnets with
four addresses each,

/30
255.255.255.252
4 Hosts
64 Subnets
81
 Class A Addressing Guide
# of Bits Subnet Total # of Total # of Usable # of
CIDR Borrowed Mask Subnets Hosts Hosts
/8 0 255.0.0.0 1 16,777,216 16,777,214
/9 1 255.128.0.0 2 8,388,608 8,388,606
/10 2 255.192.0.0 4 4,194,304 4,194,302
/11 3 255.224.0.0 8 2,097,152 2,097,150
/12 4 255.240.0.0 16 1,048,576 1,048,574
/13 5 255.248.0.0 32 524,288 524,286
/14 6 255.252.0.0 64 262,144 262,142
/15 7 255.254.0.0 128 131,072 131,070
/16 8 255.255.0.0 256 65,536 65,534
/17 9 255.255.128.0 512 32,768 32,766
/18 10 255.255.192.0 1,024 16,384 16,382
/19 11 255.255.224.0 2,048 8,192 8,190
/20 12 255.255.240.0 4,096 4,096 4,094
/21 13 255.255.248.0 8,192 2,048 2,046
/22 14 255.255.252.0 16,384 1,024 1,022
/23 15 255.255.254.0 32,768 512 510
/24 16 255.255.255.0 65,536 256 254
/25 17 255.255.255.128 131,072 128 126
/26 18 255.255.255.192 262,144 64 62
/27 19 255.255.255.224 524,288 32 30
/28 20 255.255.255.240 1,048,576 16 14
/29 21 255.255.255.248 2,097,152 8 6
/30 22 255.255.255.252 4,194,304 4 2

Class B Addressing Guide

# of Bits Subnet Total # of Total # of Usable # of
CIDR Borrowed Mask Subnets Hosts Hosts
/16 0 255.255.0.0 1 65,536 65,534
/17 1 255.255.128.0 2 32,768 32,766
/18 2 255.255.192.0 4 16,384 16,382
/19 3 255.255.224.0 8 8,192 8,190
/20 4 255.255.240.0 16 4,096 4,094
/21 5 255.255.248.0 32 2,048 2,046
/22 6 255.255.252.0 64 1,024 1,022
/23 7 255.255.254.0 128 512 510
/24 8 255.255.255.0 256 256 254
/25 9 255.255.255.128 512 128 126
/26 10 255.255.255.192 1,024 64 62
/27 11 255.255.255.224 2,048 32 30
/28 12 255.255.255.240 4,096 16 14
/29 13 255.255.255.248 8,192 8 6
/30 14 255.255.255.252 16,384 4 2

Class C Addressing Guide

# of Bits Subnet Total # of Total # of Usable # of
CIDR Borrowed Mask Subnets Hosts Hosts
/24 0 255.255.255.0 1 256 254
/25 1 255.255.255.128 2 128 126
/26 2 255.255.255.192 4 64 62
/27 3 255.255.255.224 8 32 30
/28 4 255.255.255.240 16 16 14
/29 5 255.255.255.248 32 8 6
/30 6 255.255.255.252 64 4 2
82
Inside Cover