Total Marks: ______/24 = _______ %

Unit 3: Logic & Reasoning

Assignment
Read the course material, complete the practice questions (Practice Runs, Coach’s Corners and the Lesson Practice
Quizzes) and suggested textbook questions (Strengthening and Conditioning) throughout the Unit 3 content
before working on this Unit 3: Logic & Reasoning Assignment. The following chart shows you which lesson to
review if you’re having difficulty with the questions in this assignment booklet.

Unit Assignment Question Lesson

1, 2, 3 3.1
4, 5, 6 3.2
7, 8, 9 3.3

For full marks, show all calculations, steps, and/or explain your answers.

1. Below is a pattern linking triangles together. The pattern starts with just one triangle in its original state then
each of the variations includes additional triangles. Variation 3 is incomplete.

1 a) Complete the illustration for variation 3 in the pattern above.

 Unit 3 – Logic & Reasoning Assignment 2022

b) Complete the table below. Can you see a pattern that you can use to fill in the number of new
triangles that will appear in variation 4?

1 Variation 1 2 3 4
# of NEW
triangles

c) Analyze the table above and state a conjecture in words that can be used as a rule to find the number
1 of new triangles for any variation.

2. A 5-year study was conducted on the populations of snowshoe hares and lynx in order to determine the
predator-prey relationship. The following graph summarizes the observations of the study:

Snowshoe Hares
Lynx

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 Unit 3 – Logic & Reasoning Assignment 2022

a) Explain the pattern that exists between the populations of snowshoe hares and lynx. Compare this
relationship to your knowledge of the predator-prey relationship.
1

b) In the image of the graph provided below, make a conjecture about the population sizes in the future
up to 400 weeks. Sketch the conjecture in the graph provided.
1
Snowshoe Hares
Lynx

c) Explain why your sketch of the conjecture in part b is making use of inductive reasoning.
1

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 Unit 3 – Logic & Reasoning Assignment 2022

3. The Goldbach conjecture is that every even number that is greater than 2 can be shown as the sum of two
prime numbers. Some examples are shown below:

• 4=2+2
• 6=3+3
• 8=3+5
• 10 = 3 + 7

This conjecture was made by the German mathematician Christian Golbach in 1742. Although no one has
ever been able to prove it is true for all possible even numbers greater than 2, there has never been a
counterexample found to disprove the conjecture.

a) Provide two additional examples that support this conjecture.

1

b) Describe the necessary criteria for a counterexample that would prove this conjecture is false, if a
1 valid counterexample is eventually found.

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 Unit 3 – Logic & Reasoning Assignment 2022

4. Complete the table below by trying the number trick three times. Choose a different starting number each
time. Analyze your results to make a conjecture regarding the “magic number” that this trick results in each
time.

1
Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Choose a Positive Number

Triple it

Add 6

Subtract the original number

Divide by 2

Subtract 3

The “magic number” for this number trick is _________________________________________.

Prove this is the “magic number” for any chosen number. [Hint: Try setting up a 2-column proof where one
2 column contains the number trick instructions and the other uses a variable to track the effects of the
calculations]

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 Unit 3 – Logic & Reasoning Assignment 2022

5. Bradley wanted to prove something about the sum of the square of an even integer and the square of an
odd integer. He started by writing out some examples to look for a pattern.

(2)2 + (3)2 = 13 (-8)2 + (-5)2 = 89 (10)2 + (-1)2 = 101

a) Based on these examples, what conjecture can Bradley make about whether the sum is odd or even?
Provide two of your own examples to support this conjecture.

b) Bradley completed a proof of his conjecture but before he could hand it in to his teacher he dripped
tomato sauce on it. He is rewriting his proof but there are places where the tomato sauce has covered
his work. Help Bradley fill in the gaps of his proof.

Let 2a represent an __________ integer and 2b + 1 represent and odd

2
integer.

(_____)2 + (2b + 1)2 = 4a2 + (2b + 1)(2b + 1)

= 4a2 + 4b2 + _____ + _____ + _____

= 4a2 + 4b2 + 4b + 1
*Factor out a 2

= 2(_________________) + 1

This is an __________ integer. It is in the form of 2 times a number plus

____.

c) Explain how Bradley uses both inductive and deductive reasoning in his process.

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 Unit 3 – Logic & Reasoning Assignment 2022

6. Using a checkmark in the table below, classify the type of reasoning used as inductive or deductive.

Inductive Deductive
3 Finding the pattern for new triangles in each variation in question 1 on
this assignment.
Using the table in question 4 in this assignment to make a conjecture
regarding the “magic number”.

Proving the number trick is true for any chosen number in the second
part of question 4 in this assignment.
All mammals are warm blooded. A dog is a type of mammal so dogs
are warm blooded.
For the past 5 years it has rained on Maliyah’s birthday. Maliyah
believes it will rain on her birthday this year too.
Billy put his dirty dishes in the dishwasher but forgot to turn it on
before he left the house. He realizes his dirty dishes will not be clean
when he gets home.

7. For each of the following arguments, conclude whether the reasoning is correct or flawed in some way. If
the reasoning is flawed, classify the faulty reasoning as circular reasoning, paradox or false premise.

a) Living a happy life is my top priority because nothing is as important as being happy.
2

b) All triangles have 3 sides so an Isosceles triangle must have 3 sides.

c) The following statement is true. The previous statement is false.

d) All adults love to drink coffee. I guess that means once I am older, I will love to drink coffee too.

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 Unit 3 – Logic & Reasoning Assignment 2022

8. A local talent competition featured four dance performers during last night's grand finale.

Dancers Props
Charlie Hoops
2 Shainoor Batons
Otis Tap Shoes
Esther Fire

Using the clues below, determine the prop each performer used on stage the order in which they
performed.

• Charlie performed right after the dancer who used hoops.

• Shainoor used batons in her routine.
• Otis went first.
• Charlie performed right before the performer who did a tap routine.

[Hint: Use a strategy similar to the one used in Example 1 on the content page called “B. Using Reasoning to
Solve Problems”]

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 Unit 3 – Logic & Reasoning Assignment 2022

9. Ina claims that she has proved -2=2. Here proof is shown below.

Step 1) Assume that -2 = 2.

Step 2) Then square both sides: (-2)2 = (2)2
Step 3) This creates a true statement: 4 = 4
Step 4) This means the assumption that -2 = 2 is correct.

a) Identify the errors you see in Ina’s proof.

b) Classify the type of invalid reasoning that is present in Ina’s proof.

End of Assignment

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