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Saba Tariq 061 CN Lab 3

This document contains a student's responses to questions about IP addressing for their Computer Networking lab assignment. The student first defines IP addressing and the different versions of IP (IPv4 and IPv6). They then explain the schemes of IP addressing including network and host addresses. The major classes of IP addresses are defined - Class A divides addresses into 1:3 ratio for network and host, Class B is 2:2, Class C is 3:1. Class D is only for multicasting. The student then creates 4 different networks using Classes A, B and C and shows the results of ping and trace route commands in both real and simulation mode to test the network connectivity.

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69 views7 pages

Saba Tariq 061 CN Lab 3

This document contains a student's responses to questions about IP addressing for their Computer Networking lab assignment. The student first defines IP addressing and the different versions of IP (IPv4 and IPv6). They then explain the schemes of IP addressing including network and host addresses. The major classes of IP addresses are defined - Class A divides addresses into 1:3 ratio for network and host, Class B is 2:2, Class C is 3:1. Class D is only for multicasting. The student then creates 4 different networks using Classes A, B and C and shows the results of ping and trace route commands in both real and simulation mode to test the network connectivity.

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Saba Tariq
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© © All Rights Reserved
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FATIMA JINNAH WOMEN UNIVERSITY

Department of Software Engineering

COMPUTER NETWORK LAB


LAB 3

Submitted By: Saba Tariq

Registration No.: 2020-BSE-061

Submitted To: Sir Muhammad Shoaib

Date: 13th-October-2022
Question no. 1:

Explain IP addressing, schemes and classes of IP addresses in detail.

IP addressing:
The IP address is used to identify a specific machine on a particular network. It also helps
build a virtual connection between a destination and source. An IPv4 address consists of 4
portions separated by a dot. It is divided into two parts, first is network address and second
one is host address. There are two type of IP version;

IPv4 is a numerical address which contains 32 bits. It can make 232 unique addresses over
network.

IPv6 is an alphabetical address which contains 128 bits. It can make 2128 unique addresses.

Scheme of IP addressing:
TCP/IP includes an Internet addressing scheme that allows users and applications to identify
and communicate with specific networks or hosts. A web address works like a mailing
address, allowing you to route data to its specific destination. TCP/IP provides standards for
assigning addresses to networks, subnets, hosts, and sockets, and using special addresses for
broadcasts and local loopbacks.

An Internet address consists of a network address and a host (or local) address. This two-part
address allows the sender to specify a network and a specific host on the network. Each
network is assigned a unique official network address when connecting to other Internet
networks. The Internet addressing scheme consists of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses and
two special IP addresses.

Classes of IP address:

i. Class A:

Class A is used when there is large number of hosts. The IP address is divided into 1:3 ratio
where 1st part (8bits) consist of network address whereas other three parts (24 bits) contain
specific host address. The starting address is 0.0.0.0 and ending address is 127.255.255.255.
There are possible 128 networks over class A.
ii. Class B:

Class B is divided into 2:2 ratio. 16 bits contain network address and 16 bits contain host
address. There are 16,384 possible Class B networks. The staring address is 128.0.0.0 and
ending address is 191.255.255.255.

iii. Class C:

Class C is divided into 3:1 ratio. First 24 bits contain network address and last 8 bits contain
host address. There are over 2 million class C networks. The starting address is 192.0.0.0 and
ending address is 223.255.255.255.

iv. Class D:

Class D is used only in multicasting network not for regular network operations. All 32 bits
contain network address only. There is no host in Class D network. The starting address is
224.0.0.0 and ending address is 239.255.255.255.

Question no. 2:

Create 3 different Networks using different classes of IP schemes and show


in real as well as simulation mode.

1. Star class B:
PING:

TRACE ROUTE:
2. Ring Class A:

PING AND TRACE ROUTE:


3. Mesh Class A:

PING AND TRACE ROUTE:


4. Bus Class C:

PING AND TRACE ROUTE:

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